libertarianism: Criticism: The American philosopher Russell Kirk, for example, argued that libertarians “bear no authority, temporal or spiritual,” and do not “venerate ancient beliefs and customs, or the natural world, or [their] country, or the immortal spark in [their] fellow men.” Libertarians respond that they do venerate the ancient traditions…

Sir John Kirk was a Scottish physician, companion to explorer David Livingstone, and a British administrator in Zanzibar. The son of a clergyman, Kirk studied medicine at the University of Edinburgh, served on the civil medical staff in the Crimean War, and was appointed in February 1858 physician

William Kirkcaldy was a Scottish soldier, a leader of Scotland’s Protestants in the reign of the Roman Catholic queen Mary Stuart. Kirkcaldy was one of the Protestant conspirators who murdered the powerful cardinal David Beaton at St. Andrews Castle in May 1546. From 1550 to 1556 he served in

Thomas Story Kirkbride: …be known collectively as the Kirkbride Plan, called for a main central building with wings, arranged in a linear manner, projecting from it. The plan also called for size limitations of no more than 250 residents (a principle later largely disregarded), with an ample, open campus surrounded by a large…

Thomas Story Kirkbride was an American psychiatrist and administrator best known for his influential ideas about the design and construction of hospitals for the mentally ill. Kirkbride was born to a Quaker family. He graduated from the University of Pennsylvania Medical School in 1832. For a year

Kirkcaldy, town and seaport, Fife council area and historic county, eastern Scotland, on the north shore of the Firth of Forth. First developed by Dunfermline Abbey nearby, Kirkcaldy was a flourishing port during the later Middle Ages. It was designated a royal burgh in 1450, and the royal charter

William Kirkcaldy was a Scottish soldier, a leader of Scotland’s Protestants in the reign of the Roman Catholic queen Mary Stuart. Kirkcaldy was one of the Protestant conspirators who murdered the powerful cardinal David Beaton at St. Andrews Castle in May 1546. From 1550 to 1556 he served in

William Kirkcaldy was a Scottish soldier, a leader of Scotland’s Protestants in the reign of the Roman Catholic queen Mary Stuart. Kirkcaldy was one of the Protestant conspirators who murdered the powerful cardinal David Beaton at St. Andrews Castle in May 1546. From 1550 to 1556 he served in

Kirkcudbright, town and royal burgh (1455), Dumfries and Galloway council area, historic county of Kirkcudbrightshire, southwestern Scotland, 25 miles (40 km) southwest of Dumfries in the Galloway region. It guards the lowest crossing of the River Dee, 6 miles (10 km) from the Irish Sea, and is a

Kirkcudbrightshire, historic county, southwestern Scotland. It lies entirely within Dumfries and Galloway council area. Kirkcudbrightshire forms the eastern portion of the historic province of Galloway. It encompasses the shores of the Solway Firth and Irish Sea between the Rivers Nith and Cree and

Kirkcudbrightshire, historic county, southwestern Scotland. It lies entirely within Dumfries and Galloway council area. Kirkcudbrightshire forms the eastern portion of the historic province of Galloway. It encompasses the shores of the Solway Firth and Irish Sea between the Rivers Nith and Cree and

Canada: The Company of New France: …gave a pretext for the Kirke brothers, English adventurers who had connections in France with Huguenot competitors of the Hundred Associates, to blockade the St. Lawrence in 1628 and to capture Quebec in 1629. For three years the fur trade was in the hands of the Kirkes and their French…

Ferryland: Sir David Kirke, count palatine of the island, took over the village (1638) and established his headquarters there. Ferryland now is a quiet fishing community and a government fish-bait depot, catering to visitors who are attracted by its historic past, including the ruins of its…

Mountstuart Elphinstone: …against British rule at the Battle of Kirkee (November 1817), though the residency at Pune and Elphinstone’s notes for future literary works were burned.

Icelandic literature: Prose: Cot”); Gunnar Gunnarsson, whose Kirken på bjerget (1923–28; “The Church on the Mountain”) was written in Danish; and Guðmundur G. Hagalín, known for such novels as Kristrún í Hamravík (1933; “Kristrún in Hamravík”). The outstanding modern prose writer was Halldór Laxness, who was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature…

N.F.S. Grundtvig: …church controversy when in his Kirkens gienmæle (“The Church’s Reply”) he accused the theologian H.N. Clausen of treating Christianity as merely a philosophical idea. Grundtvig maintained that Christianity was a historical revelation, handed down by the unbroken chain of a living sacramental tradition at baptism and communion. His writings were…

canals and inland waterways: Boat lifts: …lift locks were constructed at Kirkfield and Peterborough in Ontario, Canada; the latter, completed in 1904, has a lift of nearly 20 metres (65 feet). Float lifts were constructed in 1899 at Henrichenburg, Germany, for 600-ton vessels and in 1938 at Magdeburg, Germany, for 1,000-ton vessels, and in 1962 a…

Fylde: Kirkham, an old market town in the centre of the borough, contains the ruins of an abbey founded in 1125 for Augustinian canons by Walter L’Espec, Henry I’s itinerant justice in the north. Kirkham was formerly a centre of the flax industry, and sails made…

Kirkintilloch, burgh (town), East Dunbartonshire council area, historic county of Dunbartonshire, west-central Scotland, on the northeastern periphery of the metropolitan area of Glasgow. It is situated on the Forth and Clyde Canal, and the River Kelvin flows past the town. There was a Roman fort

Kirkland Lake, town, Timiskaming district, eastern Ontario, Canada. It is situated 125 miles (200 km) north-northwest of North Bay. Since the discovery of gold in the vicinity in 1911, at the time of the construction of the Ontario Northland Railway, the town has grown to become one of Canada’s

Joseph Kirkland was an American novelist whose only work, a trilogy of Midwestern pioneer life, contributed to the development of realistic fiction. Kirkland, who readily acknowledged his indebtedness to the English realist Thomas Hardy, was also affected by his own personal experiences as a

Lane Kirkland was an American labour union leader who was president of the American Federation of Labor–Congress of Industrial Organizations (AFL-CIO) from 1979 to 1995. Kirkland graduated from the United States Merchant Marine Academy in 1942 and then served as an officer on American merchant

Lane Kirkland was an American labour union leader who was president of the American Federation of Labor–Congress of Industrial Organizations (AFL-CIO) from 1979 to 1995. Kirkland graduated from the United States Merchant Marine Academy in 1942 and then served as an officer on American merchant

Samuel Kirkland was a Congregational minister to the Iroquois Confederacy and negotiator of the Oneida Alliance with the colonists during the American Revolution (1775–83). While still a student at Princeton, Kirkland began his wilderness treks on snowshoes to preach to the Indians. Gradually he

Kırklareli, city, northwestern (European) Turkey. It lies in the foothills of the Yıldız (Istranca) Mountains. Formerly called Kırk Kılıse (“Forty Churches”), it developed chiefly because of its position on the shortest route over the mountains from the north to Istanbul, 100 miles (160 km)

Kirklees, metropolitan borough, metropolitan county of West Yorkshire, historic county of Yorkshire, northern England. It takes its name from Kirklees Hall (17th century), whose estate houses a small Cistercian priory (1155) and the reputed grave of Robin Hood. The borough includes the towns of

combinatorics: BIB (balanced incomplete block) designs: Kirkman as a recreational problem. There are υ girls in a class. Their teacher wants to take the class out for a walk for a number of days, the girls marching abreast in triplets. It is required to arrange the walk so that any two girls march abreast in…

Jacob Kirkman was an Alsatian-born British harpsichord maker and member of a large family of instrument builders active into the 19th century. Kirkman was trained as a cabinetmaker and went to England in the early 1730s to work for an obscure immigrant Flemish harpsichord maker in London. He

combinatorics: BIB (balanced incomplete block) designs: …century by the British mathematician T.P. Kirkman as a recreational problem. There are υ girls in a class. Their teacher wants to take the class out for a walk for a number of days, the girls marching abreast in triplets. It is required to arrange the walk so that any…

Slim Dusty was an Australian country music singer and songwriter who epitomized an idealized image of rural Australia—a working stockman with his trademark cowboy hat, acoustic guitar, and vast repertoire of Aussie “bush ballads”—and came to be regarded as a cultural icon. He grew up on a dairy

Jeane Kirkpatrick was an American political scientist and diplomat, who was a foreign policy adviser under U.S. Pres. Ronald Reagan and the first American woman to serve as ambassador to the United Nations (1981–85). Kirkpatrick took an associate’s degree from Stephens College, Columbia, Missouri

Ralph Kirkpatrick was an American musicologist and one of the most influential harpsichordists of the 20th century. Kirkpatrick studied piano from age six and began to play harpsichord in 1930. He graduated from Harvard University in 1931 and then went to Paris to continue his studies. His teachers

Ralph Kirkpatrick was an American musicologist and one of the most influential harpsichordists of the 20th century. Kirkpatrick studied piano from age six and began to play harpsichord in 1930. He graduated from Harvard University in 1931 and then went to Paris to continue his studies. His teachers

Kirksville, city, seat of Adair county, northeastern Missouri, U.S., about 90 miles (145 km) north of Columbia, near the Chariton River. Founded about 1841 as the county seat, it was known as Long Point and Hopkinsville before being renamed for Jesse Kirk, an early resident. A minor American Civil

Kirkūk, city, capital of Kirkūk muḥāfaẓah (governorate), northeastern Iraq. The city is 145 miles (233 km) north of Baghdad, the national capital, with which it is linked by road and railway. Kirkūk is located near the foot of the Zagros Mountains in the Kurdistan region of Iraq. The oldest part of

Virginia Kirkus: …original book review for booksellers, Kirkus Reviews.

Virginia Kirkus was an American critic, editor, and writer, remembered for her original book review for booksellers, Kirkus Reviews. Kirkus attended private schools and in 1916 graduated from Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, New York. After taking courses at Columbia University Teachers College, New

Kirkwall, royal burgh (town), seaport, and chief town of the Orkney Islands, Scotland, off the northern tip of the Scottish mainland. It was designated a royal burgh in 1486. Early Norse influence persisted as late as the building of the 12th-century red sandstone St. Magnus Cathedral, a dominant

Kirkwood gaps, interruptions that appear in the distribution of asteroid semimajor axes where the orbital period of any small body present would be a simple fraction of that of Jupiter. Several zones of low density in the minor-planet population were noticed about 1860 by Daniel Kirkwood, an

Kirkwood gaps: …were noticed about 1860 by Daniel Kirkwood, an American mathematician and astronomer, who explained the gaps as resulting from perturbations by Jupiter. An object that revolved around the Sun in one of the gaps would be disturbed regularly by Jupiter’s gravitational pull and eventually moved to another orbit. Some of…

James Kirkwood was an American librettist, actor, author, and playwright who, together with Nicholas Dante, wrote the text for the Broadway musical A Chorus Line (1975), which in 1983 became the longest-running musical in the history of Broadway. It held the record until 1997, when it was surpassed

Kermān, city, provincial capital, and ostān (province), southeastern Iran. The city lies on a sandy plain, 5,738 feet (1,749 metres) above sea level, under barren rocky hills. Surrounded by mountains on the north and east, it has a cool climate and frequent sandstorms in the autumn and spring. The

Kermān carpet, floor covering handwoven in or about the city of Kermān in southern Iran, which has been the origin since the 16th century of highly sophisticated carpets in well-organized designs. To this city is now generally attributed a wide variety of 16th- and 17th-century carpets, including

Kirov, oblast (region), western Russia. The oblast occupies almost the entire basin of the Vyatka River. It is a rolling morainic plain rising from the broad, central valley of the Vyatka to the dissected limestone uplands of the Severnye Hills in the north and the Vyatsky Hills and Verkhne (Upper)

Kirov, city and administrative centre of Kirov oblast (region), western Russia, on the Vyatka River. The city was founded as Khlynov in 1181 by traders from Novgorod and became the centre of the “Vyatka Lands,” settled by Russians in the 14th to the 15th century. In 1489 it was captured by Moscow.

Mariinsky Ballet, prominent Russian ballet company, part of the Mariinsky Theatre of Opera and Ballet in St. Petersburg. Its traditions, deriving from its predecessor, the Imperial Russian Ballet, are based on the work of such leading 19th-century choreographers as Jules Perrot, Arthur Saint-Léon,

Mariinsky Theatre, Russian imperial theatre in St. Petersburg. The theatre opened in 1860 and was named for Maria Aleksandrovna, wife of the reigning tsar. Ballet was not performed there until 1880 and was presented regularly only after 1889, when the Imperial Russian Ballet became its resident

Mariinsky Theatre, Russian imperial theatre in St. Petersburg. The theatre opened in 1860 and was named for Maria Aleksandrovna, wife of the reigning tsar. Ballet was not performed there until 1880 and was presented regularly only after 1889, when the Imperial Russian Ballet became its resident

Sergei Kirov was a Russian Communist leader whose assassination marked the beginning of the Great Purge in the Soviet Union (1934–38). A Bolshevik Party member and organizer, Kirov was arrested several times for his revolutionary activities before the October Revolution (1917) placed the Bolsheviks

Sergei Kirov was a Russian Communist leader whose assassination marked the beginning of the Great Purge in the Soviet Union (1934–38). A Bolshevik Party member and organizer, Kirov was arrested several times for his revolutionary activities before the October Revolution (1917) placed the Bolsheviks

Gäncä, city, western Azerbaijan. It lies along the Gäncä River. The town was founded sometime in the 5th or 6th century, about 4 miles (6.5 km) east of the modern city. That town was destroyed by earthquake in 1139 and rebuilt on the present site. Gäncä became an important centre of trade, but in

Vanadzor, city, northern Armenia. It lies at the confluence of the Pambak, Tandzut, and Vanadzoriget rivers. In 1826 the villages of Bolshoy and Maly Karaklis were merged into the town of Karaklis. Construction of the Tiflis-Karaklis-Alexandropol railway at the end of the 19th century speeded the

Kirovohrad, city, south-central Ukraine. It lies along the upper Inhul River where the latter is crossed by the Kremenchuk-Odesa railway. Founded as a fortress in 1754, it was made a city, Yelysavethrad, in 1765 and developed as the centre of a rich agricultural area. It was renamed Zinovyevsk in

Kirovohrad, city, south-central Ukraine. It lies along the upper Inhul River where the latter is crossed by the Kremenchuk-Odesa railway. Founded as a fortress in 1754, it was made a city, Yelysavethrad, in 1765 and developed as the centre of a rich agricultural area. It was renamed Zinovyevsk in

Kirovohrad, city, south-central Ukraine. It lies along the upper Inhul River where the latter is crossed by the Kremenchuk-Odesa railway. Founded as a fortress in 1754, it was made a city, Yelysavethrad, in 1765 and developed as the centre of a rich agricultural area. It was renamed Zinovyevsk in

Kirovsk, city, Murmansk oblast (region), northwestern Russia, at the edge of the Khibiny Mountains. Until the opening of apatite and nephelinite mines in the region in 1929, Kirovsk was merely open tundra peopled by reindeer herders. It soon became a booming mining city and was incorporated in

Sikhism: Guru Gobind Singh and the founding of the Khalsa: …trousers), kara (steel bracelet), and kirpan (ceremonial sword)—did not become an obligation of all Sikhs until the establishment of the Singh Sabha, a religious and educational reform movement of the late 19th and the early 20th century. The Sikh wedding ceremony, in which the bride and groom walk around the…

Turkish literature: Modern Turkish literature: Refik Halid Karay was a journalist who became one of the leading short-story writers in Turkey. His political columns, mainly of a satirical nature, appeared between 1910 and 1913 in various journals; they were published under the pen name Kirpi (“The Porcupine”) and were collected…

kirsch, dry, colourless brandy distilled from the fermented juice of the black morello cherry. Kirsch is made in the Black Forest of Germany, across the Rhine River in Alsace (France), and in the German-speaking cantons of Switzerland. Its production methods remain traditional. The fully ripened

mechanics of solids: Stress concentrations and fracture: In 1898 G. Kirsch derived the solution for the stress distribution around a circular hole in a much larger plate under remotely uniform tensile stress. The same solution can be adapted to the tunnellike cylindrical cavity of a circular section in a bulk solid. Kirsch’s solution showed…

monticellite: …structure are called glaucochroite and kirschsteinite, respectively; these minerals have physical properties similar to monticellite and vary only slightly from their ideal compositions. Glaucochroite has been reported in ore deposits at Franklin, N.J., in the United States; kirschsteinite occurs in slags.

Snowball Earth hypothesis: …first proposed by American geobiologist J.L. Kirschvink suggesting that Earth’s oceans and land surfaces were covered by ice from the poles to the Equator during at least two extreme cooling events between 2.4 billion and 580 million years ago.

kirsch, dry, colourless brandy distilled from the fermented juice of the black morello cherry. Kirsch is made in the Black Forest of Germany, across the Rhine River in Alsace (France), and in the German-speaking cantons of Switzerland. Its production methods remain traditional. The fully ripened

Kırşehir, city, central Turkey. It lies along a tributary of the Kızıl River at an elevation of 3,248 feet (990 metres). It may have been Justinianopolis (Mocissus), which, under the 6th-century Byzantine emperor Justinian I, was a major town in the ancient district of Cappadocia. From the 14th to

Kırşehir rug, handwoven floor covering, usually in a prayer design and made in Kırşehir (Kirshehr), a town between Ankara and Kayseri in central Turkey. The typical Kırşehir prayer rug of the 19th century has an elaborately stepped arch above a prayer-niche design that might be fringed with tiny

Kırşehir, city, central Turkey. It lies along a tributary of the Kızıl River at an elevation of 3,248 feet (990 metres). It may have been Justinianopolis (Mocissus), which, under the 6th-century Byzantine emperor Justinian I, was a major town in the ancient district of Cappadocia. From the 14th to

Hans Hellmut Kirst was a West German novelist who wrote more than 40 popular novels, mainly political thrillers and military satires. Kirst served in the German army (1933–45), rising to the rank of first lieutenant during World War II. Disillusioned by his military experiences, he turned to

Lincoln Kirstein was an American dance authority, impresario, writer, and businessman who collaborated with George Balanchine to found and direct the various ballet companies that eventually became the world-renowned New York City Ballet (directed by Kirstein from 1948 to 1989). Kirstein also

Lincoln Kirstein was an American dance authority, impresario, writer, and businessman who collaborated with George Balanchine to found and direct the various ballet companies that eventually became the world-renowned New York City Ballet (directed by Kirstein from 1948 to 1989). Kirstein also

Dorothy Kirsten was an American opera singer, a lyric soprano who, in her 30-year career with the Metropolitan Opera in New York City, specialized in title role interpretations of Giacomo Puccini’s operas Manon Lescaut, Tosca, La Bohème, and Madama Butterfly. Kirsten studied at Juilliard in New

National Botanic Gardens of South Africa: …a 1,305-acre (528-hectare) site in Kirstenbosch, near Cape Town, Western Cape province, South Africa. The 6,200-species collection consists almost exclusively of Cape plants native to the fynbos (scrubland) and forests of southern Africa. The botanical garden was established in 1913. It includes such beautiful flowering plants as the protea and…

National Botanic Gardens of South Africa, one of the world’s largest botanical gardens, occupying a 1,305-acre (528-hectare) site in Kirstenbosch, near Cape Town, Western Cape province, South Africa. The 6,200-species collection consists almost exclusively of Cape plants native to the fynbos

Kirstie Alley: Cheers and Veronica’s Closet: …Rhea Perlman on the sitcom Kirstie (2013–14), in which Alley played a Broadway star. She also made guest appearances on various shows, including The King of Queens, Hot in Cleveland, and The Goldbergs. In 2020 she starred in the TV movie You Can’t Take My Daughter. Alley’s notable feature films…

Irena Szewińska was a Polish sprinter who dominated women’s athletics over two decades. Between 1964 and 1976 she earned 7 Olympic medals, tying the then record of Australian Shirley Strickland de la Hunty for most medals won by a woman in Olympic athletics competition. (American Allyson Felix

Sikhism: The Adi Granth and the Dasam Granth: Finally, there is the Kirtan Sohila, a group of five hymns sung immediately before retiring for the night. Hymns that are recorded in this liturgical section also appear elsewhere in the Adi Granth.

kīrtana, form of musical worship or group devotion practiced by the Vaiṣṇava sects (followers of the god Vishnu) of Bengal. Kīrtana usually consists of a verse sung by a soloist and then repeated by a chorus, to the accompaniment of percussion instruments. Sometimes the singing gives way to the

Bhaktipada was an American religious leader who led the American branch of the Hare Krishna movement before a criminal investigation resulted in his expulsion and subsequent imprisonment. Ham was raised a Baptist. He earned a B.A. (1959) from Maryville College, Maryville, Tennessee, but he failed

Constantine, city, northeast Algeria. A natural fortress, the city occupies a rocky diamond-shaped plateau that is surrounded, except at the southwest, by a precipitous gorge through the eastern side of which flows the Rhumel River. The plateau is 2,130 feet (650 metres) above sea level and from

Kīrthar Range, hill region in southern Pakistan. It extends southward for about 190 miles (300 km) from the Mūla River in east-central Balochistān to Cape Muāri (Monze) west of Karāchi on the Arabian Sea. The range forms the boundary between the Lower Indus Plain (east) and southern Balochistān

conservation: Fire control: …both possible and essential is Kirtland’s warbler (Dendroica kirtlandii; see woodwarbler). This endangered species nests only in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan, an exceptional case of a bird species with a tiny geographic range well outside the tropics. The bird places its nest in grasses and shrubs below living branches…

Kiruna, city in the län (county) of Norrbotten, northern Sweden. It is situated north of the Arctic Circle on the eastern shore of Lake Luossa and between the rich iron-ore Kiruna and Luossa mountains. Kiruna was founded in 1899 with the extension of the railroad from Gällivare, and in 1908 it

Rundi: Regional variations of the Rundi language (also called Kirundi) include Hutu, Tutsi, and Twa, although all are mutually intelligible. Rwanda (also Kinyarwanda), which is spoken in Rwanda, is also understandable to speakers of Rundi. Hundreds of thousands of speakers of Rundi reside in Uganda, Tanzania, and Rwanda, mostly as refugee…

Marja-Liisa Hämäläinen is a Finnish Nordic skier who was Finland’s foremost female competitor in the sport. She captured three Olympic gold medals and a bronze at the 1984 Games in Sarajevo, Yugoslavia (now in Bosnia and Herzegovina). She won seven Olympic medals between 1984 and 1994. Tall, with

Fleetwood Mac: Later members included Danny Kirwan (b. May 13, 1950, London—d. June 8, 2018, London), Christine McVie (original name Christine Perfect; b. July 12, 1943, Bouth, Lancashire, England—d. November 30, 2022), Bob Welch (b. August 31, 1945, Los Angeles, California, U.S.—d. June 7, 2012, Nashville, Tennessee), Stevie Nicks (b.…

Richard Kirwan was an Irish chemist known for his contributions in several areas of science. Kirwan, who was born a Roman Catholic, attended the University of Poitiers in France from about 1750 to 1754. He entered the Jesuit novitiate at Saint-Omer, France, that same year; but, when his elder

Jerusalem: Government: …other ministries are concentrated in Kiryat Ben-Gurion, the government complex, which is flanked by the Knesset Building on one side and the Bank of Israel on the other. The Ministry of Justice, the National Police Headquarters, and certain other government offices are located in East Jerusalem. In addition to housing…

Kiryū, city, southeastern Gumma ken (prefecture), central Honshu, Japan. It lies on the northern edge of the Kantō Plain, northwest of Tokyo and about 15 miles (24 km) east of Maebashi, the prefectural capital. In the 17th century fine Kiryū silks were worn by samurai and court nobles. In the 20th

economics: Other schools and fields of economics: …Mises and Hayek, American economist Israel Kirzner developed this line of thinking into a unique Austrian theory of entrepreneurship (involving spontaneous learning and decision making at the individual level) that emphasized a tendency toward economic equilibrium.

Little Alfold, extensive basin occupying the northwestern part of Transdanubia in northwestern Hungary, and extending into Austria and Slovakia (where it is called Podunajská Lowland). It has an area of approximately 3,000 square miles (8,000 square km). It is bounded on the south and east by the

Luguru: …slaves by a man named Kisabengo, who founded a fortified village where caravans stopped for supplies and obtained porters; first called Simbamwene, this became the town of Morogoro, which is an important trade centre in modern Tanzania.

mudang: …mudang after proper training or kisaeng, artistic entertainers similar to Japanese geisha. Sons of hereditary shamans usually became singers of p’ansori, the one-person opera of Korea, or musicians accompanying shamanistic rituals.

Turkish literature: Modern Turkish literature: …simplified and modernist literary form, Necip Fazıl Kısakürek, who taught literature in Turkey at the University of Ankara, turned his critique of the alienation of the individual in modern society into a conservative Islamist political message. Collections of his poetry include Sonsuzluk kervanı (1955; “The Caravan of Eternity”) and Şiirlerim…

Lake Kisale, expansion of the Lualaba River on the Katanga (Shaba) plateau of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Lake Kisale, situated north of Lake Upemba, is 10 miles (16 km) long and 12 miles (19 km) wide and is swampy and overgrown with papyrus. The southern and southeastern shores are part

Kisangani, city, northeastern Democratic Republic of the Congo. The city lies along the Congo River, just below the Boyoma (formerly Stanley) Falls. It is the country’s major inland port after Kinshasa. The Boyoma Falls, consisting of seven cataracts, impede river navigation above Kisangani for

Kisarazu, city, southwest-central Chiba ken (prefecture), Honshu, Japan. It lies in the delta of the Obitsu River, on the west coast of the Bōsō Peninsula and on the east coast of Tokyo Bay, about 20 miles (32 km) southeast of Tokyo. Kisarazu prospered as an early regional commercial and post town.

Kiselyovsk, city, Kemerovo oblast (region), central Russia. It developed in the 1930s as an industrial and coal-mining centre. Much of the coal is used for coking. Kiselyovsk’s engineering industries produce drilling equipment and trucks and mechanical horses for underground coal trains. Pop. (2006

Pavel Dmitriyevich Kiselyov was a Russian general, statesman, and progressive administrator during the reign of Tsar Nicholas I (1825–55). Kiselyov fought in the war against Napoleon in 1812 and in 1814 became an aide-de-camp to Alexander I, after which his rise was rapid. He served as chief of

Kiselyovsk, city, Kemerovo oblast (region), central Russia. It developed in the 1930s as an industrial and coal-mining centre. Much of the coal is used for coking. Kiselyovsk’s engineering industries produce drilling equipment and trucks and mechanical horses for underground coal trains. Pop. (2006

Pavel Dmitriyevich Kiselyov was a Russian general, statesman, and progressive administrator during the reign of Tsar Nicholas I (1825–55). Kiselyov fought in the war against Napoleon in 1812 and in 1814 became an aide-de-camp to Alexander I, after which his rise was rapid. He served as chief of

Kiselyovsk, city, Kemerovo oblast (region), central Russia. It developed in the 1930s as an industrial and coal-mining centre. Much of the coal is used for coking. Kiselyovsk’s engineering industries produce drilling equipment and trucks and mechanical horses for underground coal trains. Pop. (2006