Czech literature: After 1918: …Deml, Josef Hora, František Halas, Vítězslav Nezval, and Jaroslav Seifert exhibited great vitality and variety, with work of the highest quality being produced. After World War II, however, the newly established communist regime suppressed free literary activity and permitted only works conforming to the drab and restrictive tenets of Socialist…

neilah, in Judaism, the last of the five Yom Kippur services. As the concluding rite of Yom Kippur, the service is the most sacred of the yearly liturgy and is expressed in melodies of great solemnity. When the shofar (ritual ram’s horn) sounds at the close of the neilah, the synagogue service ends

neilah, in Judaism, the last of the five Yom Kippur services. As the concluding rite of Yom Kippur, the service is the most sacred of the yearly liturgy and is expressed in melodies of great solemnity. When the shofar (ritual ram’s horn) sounds at the close of the neilah, the synagogue service ends

National Film Board of Canada (NFB), Canadian department of film production. It was established in 1939 and directed by John Grierson (1898–1972), who developed the studio into a leading producer of documentaries, including the World War II propaganda series Canada Carries On and The World in

history of the blind: The organization of the blind in the United States: …in 1940 to charter the National Federation of the Blind (NFB). The NFB organized affiliates across the United States to become the largest advocacy group of blind people. The NFB began publishing the Braille Monitor in 1957 and produced a number of leaders in the “blind movement” who advanced the…

National Federation of Independent Business (NFIB), the largest political advocacy organization in the United States that represents small and independent businesses. NFIB was founded in 1943, and it provides resources to small business owners and managers and works to influence national and state

National Football League (NFL), major American professional football organization, founded in 1920 in Canton, Ohio, as the American Professional Football Association. Its first president was Jim Thorpe, an outstanding American athlete who was also a player in the league. The NFL’s present name was

American football: Showmanship on the field: …League of American Football (later NFL Europe; disbanded in 2007). The African American athletes who increasingly dominated football also brought a new style to the game. The beginnings of end zone dances in the 1970s escalated into highly choreographed routines, followed by other attention-grabbing gestures by defensive as well as…

Canton: …in organizing the sport, the Pro Football Hall of Fame was established there in 1963.

Gene Upshaw: …the executive director of the NFL Players Association (NFLPA; 1983–2008).

Gene Upshaw: …the executive director of the NFL Players Association (NFLPA; 1983–2008).

Fabianism: …Fabianism was revived with the New Fabian Research Bureau (NFRB), formed by Cole independently of the society in 1931. The NFRB included a number of social-democratic intellectuals, such as Leonard Woolf, William Robson, Hugh Dalton, and Evan Durbin. Laski was briefly involved in the early 1930s. The bureau amalgamated with…

basketball: The early years: …during the same year the National Federation of State High School Associations likewise assumed the task of establishing separate playing rules for the high schools. The National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Rules Committee for men is a 12-member board representing all three NCAA divisions. It has six members from Division…

non-fungible token (NFT), a non-interchangeable digital asset such as a photograph, song, or video whose ownership has been authenticated and stored on a database called a blockchain and which can be collected, sold, and traded on various online platforms. (Read Britannica’s biography of this

Have you ever thought about buying a non-fungible token—an NFT? If you aren’t terribly interested in owning digital art, then you may think NFTs just aren’t for you. But did you know that NFTs can be used to digitally establish ownership of almost anything? A non-fungible token uses a smart

United Farm Workers (UFW), U.S. labour union founded in 1962 as the National Farm Workers Association by the labour leaders and activists Cesar Chavez and Dolores Huerta. It seeks to empower migrant farmworkers and to improve their wages and working conditions. The union also works to promote

Celeste Ng is an American writer who authored several best-selling novels, including Everything I Never Told You (2014) and Little Fires Everywhere (2017). Her work often includes elements of mystery, family drama, and social commentary. Ng was born to parents who emigrated from Hong Kong in the

Āpirana Ngata: …the Polynesian society and his Nga Moteatea (1929), largely a collection of songs and chants of the various Māori tribes.

Ngugi wa Thiong’o: …in Kikuyu, Ngaahika Ndeenda (1977; I Will Marry When I Want), the performance of which led to his detention for a year without trial by the Kenyan government. (His book Detained: A Writer’s Prison Diary, which was published in 1981, describes his ordeal.) The play attacks capitalism, religious hypocrisy, and…

Ngada, tribe inhabiting the south coast of Flores, one of the Lesser Sunda Islands, in Indonesia. They live around the Inerie volcano and inland on the Badjava plateau. Primarily of Proto-Malay stock, they speak a Malayo-Polynesian language of the Ambon-Timor group, and numbered 35,000–40,000 in

Austronesian languages: Central Malayo-Polynesian (CMP): …are available include Manggarai and Ngadha, spoken on the island of Flores; Roti, spoken on the island of the same name; Tetum, spoken on the island of Timor; and Buruese, spoken on the island of Buru in the central Moluccas.

Dayak: …Sarawak and eastern Kalimantan; the Ngaju of central and southern Kalimantan; the Bidayuh of southwestern Sarawak and western Kalimantan; and the Iban of Sarawak.

Dalai Lama: History of Dalai Lamas: The next Dalai Lama, Ngag-dbang-blo-bzang-rgya-mtsho (Ngawang Lobzang Gyatso; 1617–82), is commonly called the Great Fifth. He established, with the military assistance of the Khoshut Mongols, the supremacy of the Gelukpa sect over rival orders for the temporal rule of Tibet. During his reign the majestic winter palace of the…

New Zealand: John Key’s first term as prime minister (2008–11): …settlement with the South Island’s Ngāi Tahu tribe that at the time was the largest and oldest land claim in the country’s history, and a 2008 land exchange with a group of seven North Island tribes. The government also apologized for the suffering and injustices inflicted on Māori and made…

Dayak: …Sarawak and eastern Kalimantan; the Ngaju of central and southern Kalimantan; the Bidayuh of southwestern Sarawak and western Kalimantan; and the Iban of Sarawak.

Congo River: Life of the river peoples: Among these peoples are the Ngombe—“water people”—who inhabit the Itimbiri-Ngiri and the triangle formed by the Congo and the Ubangi. Other fisherfolk of the marshes dwell in the lagoons and the flooded forests of the region where the confluence of the Congo and the Alima, Likouala, and Sangha occurs.

Kenya: World War II to independence: …two of KANU’s founding members, Ronald Ngala and Daniel arap Moi, created their own organization, the Kenya African Democratic Union (KADU). KADU’s position was that ethnic interests could best be addressed through a decentralized government; it was also concerned about Kikuyu domination. KANU won more seats than KADU in elections…

Mount Stanley, part of the Ruwenzori Range on the border between the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Uganda, in east- central Africa. Stanley contains 9 of the 10 peaks that rise above 16,000 feet (4,900 metres), including the highest in the range, Margherita Peak (16,762 feet [5,109 metres]).

Bhutia, Himalayan people who are believed to have emigrated southward from Tibet in the 8th or 9th century ce. The Bhutia constitute a majority of the population of Bhutan, where they live mainly in the western and central regions of the country, and form minorities in Nepal and India, particularly

Lake Ngami, shallow lake at the southwest corner of the 4,000-square-mile (10,400-square-kilometer) Okavango Swamp in northwestern Botswana. The swamp and the lake are fed by the Okavango River, which loses most of its flow through evaporation in the marshes. Lake Ngami is 3,057 feet (932 m) above

fish sauce, in Southeast Asian cookery, a liquid seasoning prepared by fermenting freshwater or saltwater fish with salt in large vats. After a few months time the resulting brownish, protein-rich liquid is drawn off and bottled. It is sometimes allowed to mature in the sun in glass or earthenware

Nganasan, an indigenous Arctic people who traditionally resided in the lower half of the Taymyr Peninsula of Russia. They numbered about 800 in the early 21st century. The Dolgan also inhabit this region, and neighbouring groups include the Sakha and the Enets. The Nganasan speak a Uralic language

Samoyedic languages: …Nenets (Yurak), Enets (Yenisey), and Nganasan (Tavgi). The South Samoyedic subgroup comprises Selkup and the practically extinct Kamas language. None of these languages was written before 1930, and they are currently used only occasionally for educational purposes in some elementary schools.

Stone Age: East and Southeast Asia: …this complex, known as the Ngandongian, which has also been reported from the Celebes and from the Philippines.

African music: History: …the part singing style of Ngangela, Chokwe, and Luvale peoples in eastern Angola that the similarity is immediately recognized by informants from both cultures. Why this is so is a riddle. The two areas are separated by several countries with different approaches to multipart singing. Another historical riddle is the…

Nyainqêntanglha Mountains: …comprises a northern range, the Nganglong (A-ling) Mountains, and a southern range, the Kailas Range, which is much more rugged and heavily glaciated. The highest peak of the Nganglong Mountains is 21,637 feet (6,595 metres) above sea level, and the highest peak in the Kailas Range rises to 22,028 feet…

Angola: Daily life: The feast of Nganja, usually celebrated in April, is a harvest festival during which children roast corn. The Futungo market, near Luanda, provides craftsmen with a place to sell their handicrafts.

Ngaoundéré, town located in north-central Cameroon. It is situated on the Adamawa Plateau. Ngaoundéré is the northern terminus of the Trans-Cameroon Railway to Yaoundé and Douala and lies on the major north-south road from Garoua to Bertoua and Yaoundé; by those routes it exports livestock and

Myanmar: Agriculture, forestry, and fishing: …or in the form of ngapi, a sort of nutritional paste that is prepared in a variety of ways and eaten as a condiment. Marine fisheries are not well developed, although the industry’s reported commercial catch is much greater than that reported from inland waters. Much private, noncommercial fishing is…

totemism: Iban: …of their protector spirit (ngarong).

Battle of Ngasaunggyan, (1277), Mongol defeat of Burmese troops that led to the demise of the Pagan dynasty of Myanmar (Burma). After unifying China, the Mongol ruler Kublai Khan sent envoys to neighbouring kingdoms, obliging them to accept Mongol vassalage. The Pagan king Narathihapate (reigned

Āpirana Ngata was a political and cultural leader of the Māori community in New Zealand. He was a major force behind the improvement of government policy toward the Māori in the early 20th century. Earning his law degree in 1897, Ngata became the first Māori graduate of a New Zealand university and

Āpirana Ngata was a political and cultural leader of the Māori community in New Zealand. He was a major force behind the improvement of government policy toward the Māori in the early 20th century. Earning his law degree in 1897, Ngata became the first Māori graduate of a New Zealand university and

Micronesian culture: High-island and low-island cultures: Ngatik—show closer cultural relationships to the people of Pohnpei than to any other large population but are clearly distinct from them. The Hall Islands, atolls to the north of Chuuk, and the Mortlock (Nomoi) Islands, atolls to the south, are culturally closest to Chuuk. The…

Mount Ruapehu: …the park, the others being Ngauruhoe (7,503 feet [2,287 metres]) and Tongariro (6,453 feet [1,967 metres]). These mountains form the centre of one of New Zealand’s major ski resorts. Ruapehu was first climbed to its highest point by J. Park, C. Dalin, and W.H. Dunnage in 1886.

Central African Republic: Relief, drainage, and soils: …4,350 feet (1,326 metres) at Mount Ngaya near the border with Sudan. In the southeast is a plain cut by a number of rivers.

Comoros: Relief, drainage, and soils: Grande Comore is the largest and loftiest island. It rises near its southern end in an active volcano, Mount Karthala, which, at 7,746 feet (2,361 metres), is the country’s highest point. Karthala has erupted more than a dozen times in the past two centuries. The…

African art: Northwest cultural area: The Ngbaka and the Ngbandi are the peoples whose sculptures are of major significance in the northwest area. There is no single Ngbaka sculptural style: at times the figures are fleshy and rounded; at other times they are considerably more angular. Small animal figures are used…

Ngbandi, a people of the upper Ubangi River in southern Central African Republic and northern Democratic Republic of the Congo. Ngbandi speak a language of the Adamawa-Ubangi subgroup of the Niger-Congo language family that is related to that of neighbouring Banda and Gbaya. Ngbandi is a term

Guang, a people of northern Ghana who speak a variety of Kwa languages of the Niger-Congo language family. They are descendants of a trading nation (usually called Gonja) founded in the 16th century, and they now constitute a chiefdom in the Northern region of Ghana, in the area above the

star cluster: Globular clusters: The cluster designated 47 Tucanae (NGC 104), with an absolute visual magnitude of −9.42 at a similar distance of 14,700 light-years, has a different appearance with strong central concentration. It is located near the Small Magellanic Cloud but is not connected with it. For an observer situated at…

Pleiades, (catalog number M45), open cluster of young stars in the zodiacal constellation Taurus, about 440 light-years from the solar system. It contains a large amount of bright nebulous material and more than 1,000 stars, of which six or seven can be seen by the unaided eye and have figured

star cluster: Open clusters: 5 billion years old, and NGC 188 in Cepheus is 6.5 billion years of age. The oldest known open cluster, Collinder 261 in the southern constellation of Musca, is 8.9 billion years old.

Crab Nebula, (catalog numbers NGC 1952 and M1), probably the most intensely studied bright nebula, in the constellation Taurus, about 6,500 light-years from Earth. Roughly 10 light-years in diameter, it is assumed to be the remnant of a supernova (violently exploding star) observed by Chinese and

Orion Nebula, (catalog numbers NGC 1976 and M 42), bright diffuse nebula, faintly visible to the unaided eye in the sword of the hunter’s figure in the constellation Orion. The nebula lies about 1,350 light-years from Earth and contains hundreds of very hot (O-type) young stars clustered about a

star cluster: Clusters in external galaxies: NGC 206 (OB 78) is the richest star cloud in M31, having a total mass of 200,000 suns and bearing a strong resemblance to the double cluster in Perseus. Some globular clusters have been found around the dwarf elliptical companions to M31, NGC 185, and…

Tarantula Nebula, (catalog number NGC 2070) immense ionized-hydrogen region in the Large Magellanic Cloud, a satellite galaxy of the Milky Way system (in which Earth is located). The nebula consists of a cloud of interstellar gas—principally hydrogen—lit from within by young, hot stars that ionize

Andromeda Galaxy, (catalog numbers NGC 224 and M31), great spiral galaxy in the constellation Andromeda, the nearest large galaxy. The Andromeda Galaxy is one of the few visible to the unaided eye, appearing as a milky blur. It is located about 2,480,000 light-years from Earth; its diameter is

R Monocerotis, (catalog number NGC 2261), stellar infrared source and nebula in the constellation Monoceros (Greek: Unicorn). The star, one of the class of dwarf stars called T Tauri variables, is immersed in a cloud of matter that changes in brightness erratically, reflecting or re-radiating

M81 group: …associated with the spiral galaxy NGC 2403. These two subgroups are moving toward each other. The total mass of the M81 group has been determined from the motion of galaxies within it to be 1012 solar masses. M81 has a mass of 6.7 × 1011 solar masses.

Praesepe, (catalog numbers NGC 2632 and M 44), open, or galactic, cluster of about 1,000 stars in the zodiacal constellation Cancer and located about 550 light-years from Earth. Visible to the unaided eye as a small patch of bright haze, it was first distinguished as a group of stars by Galileo. It

Eta Carinae, peculiar red star and nebula about 7,500 light-years from Earth in the southern constellation Carina and now known to be a binary star system. It is one of a small class of stars called luminous blue variables. The English astronomer Sir Edmond Halley noted it in 1677 as a star of

black hole: …velocities around the centre of NGC 3842 and NGC 4889, galaxies near the Milky Way.

M87, giant elliptical galaxy in the constellation Virgo whose nucleus contains a black hole, the first ever to be directly imaged. M87 is the most powerful known source of radio energy among the thousands of galactic systems constituting the so-called Virgo Cluster. It is also a powerful X-ray

black hole: …centre of NGC 3842 and NGC 4889, galaxies near the Milky Way.

galaxy: Radio galaxies: The first is Centaurus A, a giant radio structure surrounding a bright, peculiar galaxy of remarkable morphology designated NGC 5128. It exemplifies a type of radio galaxy that consists of an optical galaxy located at the centre of an immensely larger two-lobed radio source. In the particular case…

Omega Centauri, (catalog number NGC 5139), the brightest globular star cluster. It is located in the southern constellation Centaurus. It has a magnitude of 3.7 and is visible to the unaided eye as a faint luminous patch. Omega Centauri is about 16,000 light-years from Earth and is thus one of the

Trifid Nebula, (catalog numbers NGC 6514 and M 20), bright, diffuse nebula in the constellation Sagittarius, lying several thousand light-years from the Earth. It was discovered by the French astronomer Legentil de La Galaisière before 1750 and named by the English astronomer Sir John Herschel for

Lagoon Nebula, (catalog numbers NGC 6523 and M8), ionized-hydrogen region located in the constellation Sagittarius at 1,250 parsecs (4,080 light-years) from the solar system. The nebula is a cloud of interstellar gas and dust approximately 10 parsecs (33 light-years) in diameter. A group of young,

star cluster: Open clusters: A still younger cluster is NGC 6611, some of the stars in which formed only a few hundred thousand years ago. At the other end of the scale, some open clusters have ages approaching those of the globular clusters. M67 in the constellation Cancer is 4.5 billion years old, and…

Ring Nebula, (catalog numbers NGC 6720 and M57), bright nebula in the constellation Lyra, about 2,300 light-years from the Earth. It was discovered in 1779 by the French astronomer Augustin Darquier. Like other nebulae of its type, called planetary nebulae, it is a sphere of glowing gas thrown off

galaxy: Hubble’s discovery of extragalactic objects: …the small, irregular cloudlike object NGC 6822 that varied in luminosity, and he suspected that they might include Cepheids. After considerable effort, he determined that 11 of them were in fact Cepheid variables, with properties indistinguishable from those of normal Cepheids in the Milky Way Galaxy and in the Magellanic…

Cygnus Loop: …Nebula, and the nebulae NGC 6960, 6979, 6992, and 6995) in the constellation Cygnus, thought to be remnants of a supernova—i.e., of the explosion of a star probably 10,000 years ago. The Loop, a strong source of radio waves and X-rays, is still expanding at about 100 km

Cygnus Loop: …and the nebulae NGC 6960, 6979, 6992, and 6995) in the constellation Cygnus, thought to be remnants of a supernova—i.e., of the explosion of a star probably 10,000 years ago. The Loop, a strong source of radio waves and X-rays, is still expanding at about 100 km (60 miles) per…

Cygnus Loop: …the nebulae NGC 6960, 6979, 6992, and 6995) in the constellation Cygnus, thought to be remnants of a supernova—i.e., of the explosion of a star probably 10,000 years ago. The Loop, a strong source of radio waves and X-rays, is still expanding at about 100 km (60 miles) per second.…

Cygnus Loop: 6979, 6992, and 6995) in the constellation Cygnus, thought to be remnants of a supernova—i.e., of the explosion of a star probably 10,000 years ago. The Loop, a strong source of radio waves and X-rays, is still expanding at about 100 km (60 miles) per second. It lies…

North American Nebula, (catalog number NGC 7000), ionized-hydrogen region in the constellation Cygnus. The nebula is a cloud of interstellar gas ionized from within by young, hot stars. Interstellar dust particles in part of this cloud absorb the light emitted by recombining atoms. The shape of the

star: Evolution of low-mass stars: …the Milky Way Galaxy alone, NGC 7027 is the most intensively studied.

planetary nebula: Forms and structure: …the largest-known planetary nebulae, the Helix Nebula (NGC 7293) in the constellation Aquarius, subtends an angle of about 20 minutes of arc—two-thirds the angular size of the Moon. Planetary nebulae are considerably denser than most H II regions, typically containing 1,000–10,000 atoms per cubic cm within their dense regions, and…

NGC catalog, basic reference list of star clusters, nebulas, and galaxies. It was compiled in 1888 by Danish astronomer Johan Ludvig Emil Dreyer, who based his work on earlier lists made by the Herschel family of British astronomers. Dreyer included 7,840 celestial objects, a total raised to 13,226

Msiri was an African ruler, one of the most successful of the 19th-century immigrant adventurers and state builders in Central Africa. About 1856 Msiri settled in southern Katanga with a few Nyamwezi followers, and by about 1870 he had succeeded in taking over most of this valuable copper region

Mbongeni Ngema was a South African playwright, composer, choreographer, and theatrical director known largely for plays that reflected the spirit of black South Africans under apartheid. Ngema, an ethnic Zulu, worked as a manual labourer and guitarist before he began acting in local theatre groups

Palau: Relief and drainage: Its highest point, Ngerchelchuus, in the northwest, is 794 feet (242 metres) high. Babelthuap is essentially a rolling upland, part grassland and part jungle, that has been incised by stream action to form a well-developed drainage system of three rivers. With about 150 inches (3,800 mm) of rain…

African art: Dan-We: The Dan-We complex of styles is named after two extremes of stylistic variation: the smooth, restrained style of the Dan, the De, and the Diomande and the grotesque style of the We (the Guere, the Wobe, and the Kran), a less-extreme form of which…

Ngewo, the supreme god of the Mende people of Sierra Leone and Liberia. Ngewo is a sky god. He is conceived as the supreme force and power responsible for the creation of the universe and all that it contains: human beings, animals, plants, and so on. In addition, Ngewo infused his creation with a

growth: Internal factors: A protein called nerve-growth factor is important for the growth of some parts of the mammalian nervous system. If too much of the nerve-growth factor is present, growth of sympathetic nerve fibres is extensive and aberrant. If the nerve-growth factor is eliminated from the body—by injection of an…

Apache: …Internet’s content, second only to Nginx.

Dutch Reformed Church, South African denomination that traces its beginnings to the Reformed tradition of the first white settlers who came to South Africa from the Netherlands in the mid-17th century. It is the main church of the Afrikaans-speaking whites, and its present membership covers a large

liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), any of several liquid mixtures of the volatile hydrocarbons propene, propane, butene, and butane. It was used as early as 1860 for a portable fuel source, and its production and consumption for both domestic and industrial use have expanded ever since. A typical

National LGBTQ Task Force, American nongovernmental organization founded in 1973 that advocates for the civil rights of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) individuals. It was the first such national-level nonprofit organization, and it mobilizes state-level training of LGBTQ

nongovernmental organization (NGO), voluntary group of individuals or organizations, usually not affiliated with any government, that is formed to provide services or to advocate a public policy. Although some NGOs are for-profit corporations, the vast majority are nonprofit organizations. Some

Ngo Bao Chau is a Vietnamese-French mathematician who was awarded the Fields Medal in 2010 for his work in algebraic geometry, specifically “his proof of the Fundamental Lemma in the theory of automorphic forms.” Chau received a scholarship from the French government in 1990 to study mathematics in

Ngo Dinh Diem was a Vietnamese political leader who served as president, with dictatorial powers, of what was then South Vietnam, from 1955 until his assassination. Diem was born into one of the noble families of Vietnam. His ancestors in the 17th century had been among the first Vietnamese

Vietnam: The two Vietnams (1954–65): …paramount duty, and Diem’s brother, Ngo Dinh Nhu, founded an elitist underground organization to spy on officials, army officers, and prominent local citizens. Diem also refused to participate in the all-Vietnamese elections described in the Final Declaration. With support from the north, communist-led forces—popularly called the Viet Cong—launched an insurgency…

Ngo Van Chieu was the founder of the Vietnamese religious sect Cao Dai (q.v.). Ngo Van Chieu graduated from a provincial college in My Tho and entered the French colonial immigration service, where he served until 1902. In 1919, during a séance, he received what he conceived to be a revelation

Ngo Quyen was a Vietnamese liberator, known for his military tactics, who founded the first enduring Vietnamese dynasty and laid the foundation for an independent Vietnamese kingdom, which he called Nam Viet. Ngo Quyen was prefect, under Chinese domination, of Giao Chau province in the valley of

Ngo Van Chieu was the founder of the Vietnamese religious sect Cao Dai (q.v.). Ngo Van Chieu graduated from a provincial college in My Tho and entered the French colonial immigration service, where he served until 1902. In 1919, during a séance, he received what he conceived to be a revelation

Dingiswayo was an African chief or king of the Mthethwa of Southern Africa. Few hard facts are known about Dingiswayo, but it is clear that he was dominant during the first two decades of the 19th century (though he may have been influential in the 1790s, or even earlier). It is likely that

Austronesian languages: Speech levels and honorific registers: …speaking to social superiors, and Ngoko, a low or neutral form used when speaking to social equals or inferiors. Further subdivisions are recognized within Kromo, and in addition a small number of words called Madya (Middle) contain elements of both Kromo and Ngoko styles. In Samoa a special vocabulary is…

Dja River, river in west-central Africa that forms part of the border between Cameroon and the Republic of the Congo. It rises southeast of Abong Mbang, in southeastern Cameroon, and flows generally southeast past Moloundou to Ouesso, Republic of the Congo, where it empties into the Sangha River (a