Rudolf Hermann Lotze: …and 20th-century idealism and founded Theistic Idealism.

khayal: …by the repeated pattern (theka) performed by the accompanist.

fungus: Annotated classification: Lophodermium, and Cudonia Order Thelebolales Coprophilus (grows on dung); ascomata small, disk-shaped to globose; may have polysporus asci; example genera include Thelebolus, Coprotus, and Ascozonus. Class Lichinomycetes Parasitic, saprotrophic, or symbiotic; inoperculate asci; includes peltula lichen; contains 1 order.

Aleister Crowley: …a new religion he called Thelema, thelēma being the Greek word for “will.” The Book of the Law was accepted as scripture by the Ordo Templi Orientis, a mystical group of German origin. In about 1907 Crowley founded his own order, A∴A∴, using initials that stood for the Latin words…

fungus: Annotated classification: Order Thelephorales (incertae sedis; not placed in any subclass) Found in the ground in wooded areas; fruiting bodies black to brown; hyphae usually have clamp connections; example genera include Thelephora, Bankera, and Polyozellus. Order Trechisporales (incertae sedis; not placed in any subclass) Found on wood or…

tentacle worm, (Thelepus), any of a genus of tube-dwelling segmented worms of the class Polychaeta (phylum Annelida). They are sedentary forms that remain fixed to the sea bottom except as larvae. T. cincinnatus, 5 to 10 centimetres (about 2 to 4 inches) long and pale red, has lacelike markings on

tentacle worm: >Thelepus), any of a genus of tube-dwelling segmented worms of the class Polychaeta (phylum Annelida). They are sedentary forms that remain fixed to the sea bottom except as larvae. T. cincinnatus, 5 to 10 centimetres (about 2 to 4 inches) long and pale red, has…

Ridley Scott: While Scott’s settings in Thelma & Louise (1991) were no less notable, the film’s lead characters (played by Geena Davis and Susan Sarandon) and feminist theme were the focus of critical attention, and he received an Academy Award nomination for his work. After three critical and commercial failures, he…

barrel cactus: Thelocactus is a genus of a few to 30 species (depending on the authority) of small to medium-sized more or less spiny plants with tubercles (protuberances) distinct or coalescent into ribs. Several species are known as miniature barrel cacti. T. hexaedrophorus, with large blue tubercles,…

agnathan: Annotated classification: †Order Thelodonti A little-known group of unknown affinities. Body covered in tiny scales; in some the body is flattened from top to bottom, in others from side to side. About 7 families. Early Silurian to Late Devonian (443.8–358.9 million years ago). Superclass Agnatha is…

musk ox: The Thelon Game Sanctuary, established in 1927 in Canada’s Northwest Territories, saved the musk ox on the North American mainland. In 1935 and 1936, musk oxen were successfully introduced on Nunivak Island, Alaska, and some of these musk oxen were subsequently transplanted to Siberia and Scandinavia.

North America: 2.0 to 1.8 billion years ago: The collision produced the Thelon orogenic belt, which stretches from central Alberta to the northwestern corner of Greenland. About 1.85 billion years ago the Superior province collided with the southern Churchill province to form the bowlike Trans-Hudson orogenic belt, the crest of which underlies Hudson Bay. The zonation of…

Thelon River, stream in eastern Fort Smith region, Northwest Territories, and central Keewatin region, Nunavut territory, Canada. It drains a major portion of the Barren Grounds (a sub-Arctic prairie region). Arising from several lakes, including Whitefish and Lynx, east of Great Slave Lake, the

musk ox: The Thelon Game Sanctuary, established in 1927 in Canada’s Northwest Territories, saved the musk ox on the North American mainland. In 1935 and 1936, musk oxen were successfully introduced on Nunivak Island, Alaska, and some of these musk oxen were subsequently transplanted to Siberia and Scandinavia.

Clint Eastwood: First directorial efforts: …Whitaker), and produced the documentary Thelonious Monk: Straight, No Chaser (1988). Off-screen, Eastwood made national headlines in 1986 when he was elected mayor of Carmel, California; he served for two years.

vine snake: …vine snakes), and Thelotornis (African vine snakes); however, some authorities also place the genera Imantodes and Langaha in this group. African vine snakes, which inhabit sub-Saharan regions, are most diverse in East Africa. The five species of New World vine snakes range from Texas in the United States to…

sun orchid, (genus Thelymitra), genus of about 100 species of orchids (family Orchidaceae) distributed throughout Australasia. A sun orchid derives its name from its habit of remaining closed except in strong sunlight. Some self-pollinating species never open their flowers. Sun orchids are

sun orchid: The lemon orchid (Thelymitra antennifera), the twisted sun orchid (T. flexuosa), the custard orchid (T. violosa), and the scented sun orchid (T. avistata) are common Australian species.

sun orchid: violosa), and the scented sun orchid (T. avistata) are common Australian species.

sun orchid: …lemon orchid (Thelymitra antennifera), the twisted sun orchid (T. flexuosa), the custard orchid (T. violosa), and the scented sun orchid (T. avistata) are common Australian species.

sun orchid: flexuosa), the custard orchid (T. violosa), and the scented sun orchid (T. avistata) are common Australian species.

whip scorpion, (order Uropygi, sometimes Thelyphonida), any of approximately 105 species of the arthropod class Arachnida that are similar in appearance to true scorpions except that the larger species have a whiplike telson, or tail, that serves as an organ of touch and has no stinger. The second

Thelypteridaceae, a family of ferns, containing about 950 species in 5–30 genera, in the division Pteridophyta. Members of Thelypteridaceae are distributed nearly worldwide, but species are most diverse in tropical regions. Nearly all of the species are terrestrial, and most occur in moist or wet

fern: Venation: … (Cyathea), lady ferns (Athyrium), and marsh ferns (Thelypteris).

Hymenoptera: Reproduction: …occur in three forms: arrhenotoky, thelytoky, and deuterotoky. In arrhenotoky, males are produced from unfertilized eggs laid by mated (impregnated) females or by so-called secondary, or supplementary, queens, which have not been impregnated. In thelytoky, which occurs in many species of the suborder Symphyta, unmated females produce females. In deuterotoky,…

Black horror: Notable Black horror films: • Them (2021– ) is a television anthology series. The show’s first season, set in Los Angeles in 1953, follows a Black family that moves into an all-white neighborhood and is menaced by neighbors and supernatural forces. The show’s second season set in Los Angeles in…

them, novel by Joyce Carol Oates, published in 1969 and granted a National Book Award in 1970. Violent and explosive in both incident and tone, the work is set in urban Detroit from 1937 to 1967 and chronicles the efforts of the Wendell family to break away from their destructive, crime-ridden

British Invasion: …sprang up from Belfast (Them, with Van Morrison) to St. Albans (the Zombies), with more inventive artists arriving to keep the styles moving forward, including the Small Faces, the Move, the Creation, the Troggs, Donovan, the Walker Brothers, and John’s Children.

Gordon Douglas: Warner Brothers: …foray into science fiction with Them!, a critical and commercial success. Arguably the best of the “giant atomic-mutant creature” movies of the 1950s, it became a sci-fi classic and is widely considered Douglas’s best work.

theme, in the Byzantine Empire, originally, a military unit stationed in a provincial area; in the 7th century the name was applied to large military districts formed as buffer territories against Muslim encroachments in Anatolia. The organization of territory into themes began under Emperor

diagnosis: Psychological tests: The Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) uses a series of ambiguous pictures of people in different situations to which the viewer ascribes meaning. The descriptions given are a reflection of the viewer’s anxieties, personal conflicts, and interpersonal relationships. Information about a person’s concerns and emotional conflicts can…

GIS: …contain many different themes, and thematic maps, which focus on a single theme such as soil, vegetation, zoning, population density, or roads. These thematic maps are the backbone of the GIS because they provide a method of storing large quantities of fairly specific thematic content that can later be compared.…

musical criticism: Unity: …an answer in his book The Thematic Process in Music (1951). Briefly, it was that masterpieces diversify a unity. They grow from an all-embracing idea. Their contrasting themes hang together because each of them represents a different aspect of a single basic thought. This observation was not new. Schoenberg had…

Franz Liszt: Legacy of Franz Liszt: …and the method of “transformation of themes,” by which one or two themes in different forms can provide the basis for an entire work—a principle from which Wagner derived his system of so-called leitmotifs in his operas.

Sports Illustrated: Ownership: …2019, the digital media company TheMaven, Inc. acquired the magazine’s publishing rights for at least 10 years. Sports Illustrated became a monthly publication in 2020, though it continued to release special issues.

Can Themba was a South African journalist and short-story writer associated with a brilliant group of young South African writers in the 1950s that included Moses Motsisi, Arthur Maimane, Ezekiel Mphahlele, and Lewis Nkosi. After graduating from the University of Fort Hare, S.Af., Themba worked as

Can Themba was a South African journalist and short-story writer associated with a brilliant group of young South African writers in the 1950s that included Moses Motsisi, Arthur Maimane, Ezekiel Mphahlele, and Lewis Nkosi. After graduating from the University of Fort Hare, S.Af., Themba worked as

Can Themba was a South African journalist and short-story writer associated with a brilliant group of young South African writers in the 1950s that included Moses Motsisi, Arthur Maimane, Ezekiel Mphahlele, and Lewis Nkosi. After graduating from the University of Fort Hare, S.Af., Themba worked as

Tembu, Bantu-speaking people who inhabit the upper reaches of the Mzimvubu River in Eastern province, South Africa. The Tembu speak a dialect of Xhosa, a Bantu language of the Nguni group that is closely related to Zulu. In the early years of the 19th century the Tembu shared the cultural patterns

Afro-Asiatic languages: The verbal system: …(forming what are called “stirpes” or “themes”) use root modification (infixes) and derivative affixes together with partial or complete reduplication to indicate repeated action. Derivational markers may combine, which makes it possible for a single verb to indicate repeated action (by what is called the iterative derivation of the…

linguistics: Later contributions: …was probably the distinction between theme and rheme and the notion of “functional sentence perspective” or “communicative dynamism.” By the theme of a sentence is meant that part that refers to what is already known or given in the context (sometimes called, by other scholars, the topic or psychological subject);…

aesthetics: Form: …but perhaps better understood as themes. These units are successively varied and transposed in ways that make the whole work into a logical derivation from its parts.

theme, in the Byzantine Empire, originally, a military unit stationed in a provincial area; in the 7th century the name was applied to large military districts formed as buffer territories against Muslim encroachments in Anatolia. The organization of territory into themes began under Emperor

musical variation, basic music technique consisting of changing the music melodically, harmonically, or contrapuntally. The simplest variation type is the variation set. In this form of composition, two or more sections are based on the same musical material, which is treated with different

Isaac Hayes: …Shaft; the title song, “Theme from Shaft,” became a number one hit and earned Hayes an Academy Award for best original song. Hayes reached his greatest popularity in the late 1960s and ’70s, placing (1969–76) 10 consecutive albums on the American pop and rhythm and blues charts.

roller coaster: Introduction of steel coasters: …Disneyland encouraged entrepreneurs to open themed parks of their own regionally—the Six Flags chain, Kings Island near Cincinnati, and Busch Gardens in Tampa Bay, Fla., were some of the first. In the 1960s Arrow, by then employing noted coaster designer Ron Toomer, introduced a successful product line of rides, such…

grassland: Biota: …important in drier sites, and Themeda occurs in cooler places at higher altitudes. Herbivorous mammals include wildebeests, several antelope species, and—where they still survive—rhinoceroses, buffalo, and elephants. Carnivores include various dogs (jackals), cats (cheetahs, lions), hyenas, and mongooses.

veld: Plant life: …Highveld, dominated by species of red grass. Where the red grass grows on well-drained, fertile soils subject to comparatively light rainfall, it tends to be sweeter (and is consequently called sweetveld) than elsewhere, where it is commonly called sourveld. Sweetvelds are more palatable to livestock than sourvelds, the latter being…

Franz Liszt: Legacy of Franz Liszt: …and the method of “transformation of themes,” by which one or two themes in different forms can provide the basis for an entire work—a principle from which Wagner derived his system of so-called leitmotifs in his operas.

Themis, in Greek religion, personification of justice, goddess of wisdom and good counsel, and the interpreter of the gods’ will. According to Hesiod’s Theogony, she was the daughter of Uranus (Heaven) and Gaea (Earth), although at times she was apparently identified with Gaea, as in Aeschylus’s

William Henry Pickering: …10th satellite, which he named Themis, is generally discounted, for it was never observed again. The 10th satellite (Janus) that was discovered in 1967 is probably not the same one, for its orbit is the innermost of all Saturn’s moons, whereas Pickering’s Themis was supposed to lie between Titan and…

asteroid: Main-belt asteroid families: …are named Eos, Koronis, and Themis. Each family has been determined to be compositionally homogeneous; that is, all the members of a family appear to have the same basic chemical makeup. If the asteroids belonging to each family are considered to be fragments of a single parent body, then their…

THEMIS, five U.S. satellites that studied variations in the aurora. The spacecraft were launched by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) on Feb. 17, 2007. By following elliptical orbits whose orientation shifted relative to Earth, the Sun, and Earth’s radiation belts, they

Aristotelianism: Early development: Others—the greatest being Themistius, a professor in Constantinople about 350 ce—practically rewrote many of Aristotle’s treatises in a more modern language and more readable style.

Themistocles was an Athenian politician and naval strategist who was the creator of Athenian sea power and the chief saviour of Greece from subjection to the Persian empire at the Battle of Salamis in 480 bce. Themistocles’ father, Neocles, came of the aristocratic Lycomid family and was not poor,

Diane Keaton: Her memoir, Then Again, was published in 2011. She later wrote a collection of essays, Let’s Just Say It Wasn’t Pretty (2014), and also published a series of house-styling guides, including House (2012) and The House That Pinterest Built (2017).

Pablo Neruda: Legacy: Then Come Back: The Lost Neruda (2016) is a collection (in Spanish and English) of 21 previously unpublished poems discovered in his archives.

Phil Spector: Wall of sound: …Doo Ron Ron” and “Then He Kissed Me” and the Ronettes’ “Be My Baby” and “Baby I Love You,” Spector blended conventional teen romance sentiments with orchestral arrangements of immense scale and power in what he described as “little symphonies for the kids.” Others called it the wall of…

Helen Hunt: …directed her first feature-length film, Then She Found Me, a comedy-drama that she also cowrote, produced, and starred in.

Louis-Jacques Thenard was a French chemist, teacher, and author of an influential four-volume text on basic chemical theory and practice (1813–16). A peasant’s son, Thenard endured extreme hardships to gain his scientific education. His several teaching posts were obtained through the influence of

thenardite, any of a type of sodium sulfate mineral (Na2SO4) that has been deposited as an evaporation product near salt lakes and playas, as in the arid regions of northern Africa, Siberia, Canada, and the western United States. It is widespread as an efflorescence on arid soil and as a crust in

Atlas Mountains: Transportation: …to pass by way of Theniet al-Haad. The passes of the Moroccan High Atlas also have played a decisive role in the history of relations between Morocco and the vast region known as the western Sudan to the south; the ancient caravan route from Marrakech to the Drâa valley used…

thiophene: The antihistamine methapyrilene (Thenylene) and certain other synthetic pharmaceuticals contain the thiophene nucleus, but there are few synthetic thiophene compounds of importance.

Theobald was the archbishop of Canterbury from 1138, prominent during the reigns of kings Stephen and Henry II of England. Theobald entered the abbey of Bec in Normandy, became prior (c. 1127), was elected abbot in 1136, and was chosen archbishop of Canterbury in 1138. From 1139 to 1143 he was

Theobald I was the count of Troyes and of Champagne (from 1201), as Theobald IV, and king of Navarre (from 1234). He was the most famous of the aristocratic trouvères. He was the son of Theobald III of Champagne, who died before his son was born, and Blanche of Navarre. He lived for four years at

Theobald I was the count of Blois, Chartres, and Tours. Theobald earned his nickname “the Cheat” fighting with his neighbours, among them the kings of France, the dukes of Normandy, and the church of Reims. He seized the area around Blois about 940 and later augmented his holdings with the counties

Theobald IV was the count of Blois and of Chartres (from 1102) and count of Champagne (from 1125) as Theobald II. He was the grandson of Theobald III of Blois and William the Conqueror. Theobald IV reunited Champagne with Blois and thus again made his house a threat to the royal domains of France

Theobald I was the count of Troyes and of Champagne (from 1201), as Theobald IV, and king of Navarre (from 1234). He was the most famous of the aristocratic trouvères. He was the son of Theobald III of Champagne, who died before his son was born, and Blanche of Navarre. He lived for four years at

Theobald IV was the count of Blois and of Chartres (from 1102) and count of Champagne (from 1125) as Theobald II. He was the grandson of Theobald III of Blois and William the Conqueror. Theobald IV reunited Champagne with Blois and thus again made his house a threat to the royal domains of France

Theobald I was the count of Blois, Chartres, and Tours. Theobald earned his nickname “the Cheat” fighting with his neighbours, among them the kings of France, the dukes of Normandy, and the church of Reims. He seized the area around Blois about 940 and later augmented his holdings with the counties

Theobald IV was the count of Blois and of Chartres (from 1102) and count of Champagne (from 1125) as Theobald II. He was the grandson of Theobald III of Blois and William the Conqueror. Theobald IV reunited Champagne with Blois and thus again made his house a threat to the royal domains of France

Theobald I was the count of Blois, Chartres, and Tours. Theobald earned his nickname “the Cheat” fighting with his neighbours, among them the kings of France, the dukes of Normandy, and the church of Reims. He seized the area around Blois about 940 and later augmented his holdings with the counties

Theobald I was the count of Troyes and of Champagne (from 1201), as Theobald IV, and king of Navarre (from 1234). He was the most famous of the aristocratic trouvères. He was the son of Theobald III of Champagne, who died before his son was born, and Blanche of Navarre. He lived for four years at

Theobald I was the count of Troyes and of Champagne (from 1201), as Theobald IV, and king of Navarre (from 1234). He was the most famous of the aristocratic trouvères. He was the son of Theobald III of Champagne, who died before his son was born, and Blanche of Navarre. He lived for four years at

Lewis Theobald was the first Shakespearean editor to approach the plays with the respect and attention then normally reserved for Classical texts. When in 1726 Theobald brought out his Shakespeare Restored; or, A Specimen of the Many Errors As Well Committed As Unamended by Mr. Pope, in His Late

Pearl Harbor attack: Investigations, accusations, and interpretations: Robert A. Theobald, a Pacific task force commander whose career was sidelined after he clashed with superiors and failed to challenge the Japanese attacks on Attu and Kiska in the Aleutians. In The Final Secret of Pearl Harbor (1954), Theobald asserted that Roosevelt “by unrelenting…

Simon Of Sudbury was the archbishop of Canterbury from 1375 and chancellor of England from 1380 who lost his life in the Peasants’ Revolt of 1381. Simon served for 12 years as an auditor (judge) of the Rota at the papal Curia, and in 1359 Pope Innocent VI employed him in an attempt to persuade King

Malvaceae: Major genera: Theobroma (about 20 species) is native to the Neotropics. The flowers are often very distinctive. The petals of that genus are often broad at the base, then narrowed, and finally with another broader, often dangling portion. There are often fewer than 15 stamens, and the…

cacao: Cultivation: bicolor and T. angustifolium) are grown for their edible seeds, which are sometimes mixed with those of T. cacao to produce cocoa.

cacao: Cultivation: …America two related species (T. bicolor and T. angustifolium) are grown for their edible seeds, which are sometimes mixed with those of T. cacao to produce cocoa.

cacao, (Theobroma cacao), tropical evergreen tree (family Malvaceae) grown for its edible seeds, whose scientific name means “food of the gods” in Greek. Native to lowland rainforests of the Amazon and Orinoco river basins, cacao is grown commercially in the New World tropics as well as western

cocoa butter, pale yellow, edible vegetable fat obtained from cocoa beans, having a mild chocolate flavour and aroma, and used in the manufacture of chocolate (including white chocolate), pharmaceutical products, and toiletries. Cocoa butter is extracted from cocoa beans, which are the fatty seeds

theobromine, diuretic drug and major alkaloidal constituent of cocoa. Theobromine is a xanthine alkaloid, a methylxanthine, as are caffeine and theophylline, but it differs from them in having little stimulatory action upon the central nervous system. The stimulant effect of cocoa results from the

theocracy, government by divine guidance or by officials who are regarded as divinely guided. In many theocracies, government leaders are members of the clergy, and the state’s legal system is based on religious law. Theocratic rule was typical of early civilizations. The Enlightenment marked the

Theocritus was a Greek poet, the creator of pastoral poetry. His poems were termed eidyllia (“idylls”), a diminutive of eidos, which may mean “little poems.” There are no certain facts as to Theocritus’s life beyond those supplied by the idylls themselves. Certainly he lived in Sicily and at

St. Euthymius the Great: Theoctistus, and about 411 they retired to a cave in the wilderness beyond Jerusalem. On being joined by others, they established a cenobitic (“communal”) monastery, or laura, that integrated contemplative life with other liturgical and intellectual projects and work done in common.

Theodahad was an Ostrogothic king of Italy and a philosopher who studied Plato. His assassination of his cousin Queen Amalasuntha, daughter of King Theodoric, furnished a pretext for the Byzantine emperor Justinian I to invade Italy. The son of Theodoric’s sister, Theodahad was invited to share the

Theodebald was a Merovingian king of Reims from 547, in succession to his father, Theodebert I. He proved incapable of continuing the latter’s dynamic policies, especially in Italy. He left no son, and on his death his kingdom passed to his granduncle, Chlotar

Theodebald was a Merovingian king of Reims from 547, in succession to his father, Theodebert I. He proved incapable of continuing the latter’s dynamic policies, especially in Italy. He left no son, and on his death his kingdom passed to his granduncle, Chlotar

Theodebert I was a Merovingian king of Reims who succeeded his father, Theodoric I, in late 533 and greatly expanded the area under Frankish hegemony. A proven soldier before he came to the throne, Theodebert exploited the war in Italy between Byzantium and the Ostrogoths to gain extensive

Theodebert II was the Merovingian king of Austrasia. Theodebert succeeded his father, Childebert II, on the throne of Austrasia in 595 while his brother, Theodoric II, mounted that of Burgundy. Their grandmother Brunhild exercised at first a joint regency over both kingdoms, but in 599 the

Italy: The Lombard kingdom, 584–774: …dynasty—the family of Agilulf’s wife, Theodelinda—dominated the succession; kings who were not members of this family, such as Rothari and Grimoald of Benevento (662–671), married into it. Grimoald was the only southern duke to claim the throne of Pavia; like Rothari, he fought the Byzantines and made laws. Male-line Bavarian…

best of all possible worlds: …in his work Théodicée (1710; Theodicy), which was devoted to defending the justness of God (see theodicy). The argument thus constitutes Leibniz’s solution to the problem of evil, or the apparent contradiction between the assumption that God is omnipotent, omniscient, and omnibenevolent (perfectly good) and the evident fact of evil…

best of all possible worlds: …in his work Théodicée (1710; Theodicy), which was devoted to defending the justness of God (see theodicy). The argument thus constitutes Leibniz’s solution to the problem of evil, or the apparent contradiction between the assumption that God is omnipotent, omniscient, and omnibenevolent (perfectly good) and the evident fact of evil…

theodicy, (from Greek theos, “god”; dikē, “justice”), explanation of why a perfectly good, almighty, and all-knowing God permits evil. The term literally means “justifying God.” Although many forms of theodicy have been proposed, some Christian thinkers have rejected as impious any attempt to

theodolite, basic surveying instrument of unknown origin but going back to the 16th-century English mathematician Leonard Digges; it is used to measure horizontal and vertical angles. In its modern form it consists of a telescope mounted to swivel both horizontally and vertically. Leveling is

Armenia: The Mamikonians and Bagratids: …general Procopius and the nakharar Theodor Rshtuni. Unable to prevent the pillage of Dvin in 642, Theodor in 643 gained a victory over another Arab army and was named commander in chief of the Armenian army by the Byzantine emperor Constans II Pogonatus. In 653, after the truce with Muʿāwiyah,…

St. Methodius I: …in the wife of Theophilus, Theodora, who venerated icons and kept them in her room. After the death of Theophilus, Theodora became regent for their son Michael III. In 843 she named Methodius patriarch and with his help restored the legitimacy of venerating icons to the Byzantine Empire.

Theodora was a Byzantine empress, wife of the emperor Justinian I (reigned 527–565), probably the most powerful woman in Byzantine history. Her intelligence and political acumen made her Justinian’s most trusted adviser and enabled her to use the power and influence of her office to promote

Theodora was a Byzantine empress who reigned jointly with her sister Zoe in 1042 and on her own in 1055–56. The third daughter of the emperor Constantine VIII, Theodora possessed a strong and austere character and refused the hand of the heir presumptive, Romanus, who was married instead to her