children’s literature: Peaks and plateaus (1865–1940): Richards, whose collected rhymes in Tirra Lirra (1932) will almost bear comparison with those of Edward Lear. Less memorable are the works of Lucy Fitch Perkins, Joseph Altsheler, Ralph Henry Barbour, Kate Douglas Wiggin, Eliza Orne White, and the two Burgesses—Thornton and Gelett. During these decades, de la Mare, Miss…

Tyrrhenian Sea, arm of the Mediterranean Sea between the western coast of Italy and the islands of Corsica, Sardinia, and Sicily. It is connected with the Ligurian Sea (northwest) through the Tuscan Archipelago and with the Ionian Sea (southeast) through the Strait of Messina. Chief inlets of the

Niki de Saint Phalle: Tir paintings: …of Tinguely, Saint Phalle produced Tirs, a series of “shooting paintings.” The works consisted of a surface on which found objects and bags of coloured paint were plastered. Saint Phalle then added a performance aspect, shooting the work with a rifle and puncturing the bags of paint to release their…

Morocco: Soils: …dark clay-marl soil known as tirs, which is found on the Chaouïa, Doukkala, and Abda plains, produces good yields of wheat and barley when precipitation is sufficient and can retain enough moisture to support summer pasture. Hamri, a light reddish siliceous soil found throughout the Saïs Plain surrounding Meknès and…

Claudio Monteverdi: Three decades in Venice: The ballet Tirsi e Clori, written for Mantua in 1616, shows, on the contrary, a complete acceptance of the simple tunefulness of the modern aria.

Tirso de Molina was one of the outstanding dramatists of the Golden Age of Spanish literature. Tirso studied at the University of Alcalá and in 1601 was professed in the Mercedarian Order. As the order’s official historian he wrote Historia general de la orden de la Merced in 1637. He was also a

Tirso River, river in central Sardinia, Italy, the chief stream of that island. It rises on a plateau near Buddusò and flows about 90 miles (150 km) southwest through Lake Omodeo and across the marshy plain of Oristano to enter the Gulf of Oristano. It is used for hydropower and

tirtha, in Hinduism, a holy river, mountain, or other place made sacred through association with a deity or saint. The seven holiest Hindu cities are said to be the sites of events recounted in mythological texts: Kashi (modern Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh), where the god Shiva founded a shrine of

Tirthankara, in Jainism, a saviour who has succeeded in crossing over life’s stream of rebirths and has made a path for others to follow. Mahavira (6th century bce) was the last Tirthankara to appear. According to tradition, his predecessor, Parshvanatha, lived about 250 years earlier; the other

Tirthankara, in Jainism, a saviour who has succeeded in crossing over life’s stream of rebirths and has made a path for others to follow. Mahavira (6th century bce) was the last Tirthankara to appear. According to tradition, his predecessor, Parshvanatha, lived about 250 years earlier; the other

Erté was a fashion illustrator of the 1920s and creator of visual spectacle for French music-hall revues. His designs included dresses and accessories for women; costumes and sets for opera, ballet, and dramatic productions; and posters and prints. (His byname was derived from the French

Tiruchchirappalli, city, east-central Tamil Nadu state, southeastern India. It lies at the head of the Kaveri (Cauvery) River delta, about 30 miles (50 km) west of Thanjavur. The city also includes administratively the pilgrimage center of Srirangam. Tiruchchirappalli was an important regional

Tiruchchirappalli, city, east-central Tamil Nadu state, southeastern India. It lies at the head of the Kaveri (Cauvery) River delta, about 30 miles (50 km) west of Thanjavur. The city also includes administratively the pilgrimage center of Srirangam. Tiruchchirappalli was an important regional

Tirukkural, the most celebrated of the Patiren-kirkkanakku (“Eighteen Ethical Works”) in Tamil literature and a work that has had an immense influence on Tamil culture and life. It is usually attributed to the poet Tiruvalluvar, who is thought to have lived in India in the 6th century, though some

Tirukkural, the most celebrated of the Patiren-kirkkanakku (“Eighteen Ethical Works”) in Tamil literature and a work that has had an immense influence on Tamil culture and life. It is usually attributed to the poet Tiruvalluvar, who is thought to have lived in India in the 6th century, though some

Tirukkural, the most celebrated of the Patiren-kirkkanakku (“Eighteen Ethical Works”) in Tamil literature and a work that has had an immense influence on Tamil culture and life. It is usually attributed to the poet Tiruvalluvar, who is thought to have lived in India in the 6th century, though some

Tirupati: The sacred hill of Tirumala is situated about 6 miles (10 km) northwest of Tirupati in Sri Venkateshwara Sanctuary and National Park. The hill was considered so holy that before 1870 non-Hindus were not permitted to ascend it. At the hill’s summit, at an elevation of 2,800 feet (850…

Aravidu dynasty: Its founder was Tirumala, whose brother Rama Raya had been the masterful regent of the Sadasiva Raya of the Tuluva dynasty. Rama Raya’s death at the Battle of Rakasa-Tangadi (also known as Talikota) in 1565 and the subsequent destruction of Vijayanagar by the combined forces of the Muslim…

South Asian arts: Bhakti poetry: Tirumūlar was a mystic and reformer in the so-called Siddhānta (Perfected Man) school of Śaivism, which rejected caste and asceticism, and believed that the body is the true temple of Śiva. There were 12 early Nāyaṉār saints. Similar poets, in the tradition of devotion to…

Swati Tirunal was the maharaja of Travancore and one of the best-known musicians in the South Indian Carnatic music tradition. Swati Tirunal was anointed the ruler of Travancore at age 16, and he became known for his extensive patronage of the arts. He spoke and wrote poetry in several languages,

Tirunelveli, city, southern Tamil Nadu state, southeastern India. It lies along the Tambraparni River slightly upstream from the town of Palayankottai, with which it is now merged administratively. Its name is derived from the Tamil words tiru (“holy”), nel (“paddy”), and veli (“fence”), referring

Tirupati, city, southeastern Andhra Pradesh state, southern India. It lies in the Palkonda Hills, about 8 miles (13 km) northeast of Chandragiri and 67 miles (108 km) northwest of Chennai in Tamil Nadu state. Tirupati is known as the abode of the Hindu god Venkateshvara, Lord of Seven Hills. The

Tiruppan, was one of the “later” or “minor” South Indian poet-saint devotees of Vishnu known as the Āḻvārs. Very little is known about either the work or the life of Tiruppan. His name means “the saint who was a bard,” and legend has it that Tiruppan was indeed a member of this group, which, by the

Tiruppan, was one of the “later” or “minor” South Indian poet-saint devotees of Vishnu known as the Āḻvārs. Very little is known about either the work or the life of Tiruppan. His name means “the saint who was a bard,” and legend has it that Tiruppan was indeed a member of this group, which, by the

Tiruppur, city, western Tamil Nadu state, south-central India. It lies on an upland plateau, on the Noyil River (a tributary of the Kaveri [Cauvery] River), about 25 miles (40 km) east of Coimbatore. Tiruppur is an active cotton-ginning and distribution centre with rail connections to Coimbatore

Manikkavachakar: His best-known work is the Tiruvachakam, or “Blessed Utterance,” which became the inspiration for later Tamil bhakti poetry. The text is a collection of poems and songs dedicated to Shiva, who is said to take on human form and teach the means to salvation to people of all classes. The…

Tiruvalluvar was a Tamil poet-saint known as the author of the Tirukkural (“Sacred Couplets”), considered a masterpiece of human thought, compared in India and abroad to the Bible, John Milton’s Paradise Lost, and the works of Plato. Little is known about the life of Tiruvalluvar except that he is

Thiruvananthapuram, city, capital of Kerala state, southwestern India. It is situated along the Arabian Sea with isolated hills on a coastal plain. The community became prominent under Raja Martanda Varma, who made it the capital of his kingdom of Travancore in 1745. The city’s former name,

Tiryns, prehistoric city in the Argolis, Greece, noted for its architectural remains of the Homeric period. Excavations show the area to have been inhabited from the Neolithic Age. Not later than the beginning of the Early Bronze Age, or Early Helladic Period (c. 3000–c. 2200 bc), a pre-Greek

tirzepatide, synthetic antidiabetic drug used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Tirzepatide is the first drug in a class of agents known as dual glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) receptor agonists. Because both GLP-1 and GIP are so-called incretin

Frank McCourt: McCourt also wrote the memoirs ’Tis (2000) and Teacher Man (2005).

’Tis Pity She’s a Whore, five-act tragedy by John Ford, performed sometime between 1629 and 1633 and published in 1633. The story concerns the incestuous love of Giovanni and his sister Annabella. When she is found to be pregnant, she agrees to marry her suitor Soranzo. The lovers’ secret is

Tisza River, a major tributary of the middle Danube River, rising in the Bukovina segment of the Carpathian Mountains. Its two headstreams, the Black and White Tisza, unite east of Sighet, Romania, on the Ukraine-Romania border. From Sighet the Tisza flows northwest through a small portion of

evolution: Overdominance: …in the marine copepod crustacean Tisbe reticulata. Three populations of colour variants (morphs) are found in the lagoon of Venice; they are known as violacea (homozygous genotype VVVV), maculata (homozygous genotype VMVM), and violacea-maculata (heterozygous genotype VVVM

Nicaragua: Drainage: …properties ascribed to them; and Lake Tiscapa is located in the capital city.

Lawrence Rhodes: …at the New York University Tisch School of the Arts, where he eventually became chairman of the dance department. From 1989 to 1999 he was artistic director of Les Grands Ballets Canadiens. In 2002 Rhodes became artistic director of the Juilliard School’s dance division; he held the post until 2017.

Johann Heinrich Wilhelm Tischbein was a German portraitist and friend of the writer J.W. von Goethe. Tischbein began his career painting portraits at the Prussian court in Berlin. In 1779 he went to Italy and in 1789 was appointed director of the art academy in Naples. Forced to leave in 1799

Konstantin von Tischendorf was a German biblical critic who made extensive and invaluable contributions to biblical textual criticism. He is famous for his discovery of the Codex Sinaiticus, a celebrated manuscript of the Bible. While a student at the University of Leipzig, Tischendorf began his

Konstantin von Tischendorf was a German biblical critic who made extensive and invaluable contributions to biblical textual criticism. He is famous for his discovery of the Codex Sinaiticus, a celebrated manuscript of the Bible. While a student at the University of Leipzig, Tischendorf began his

Lepidoptera: Annotated classification: Family Tischeriidae (trumpet leaf miner moths) Approximately 80 species predominantly in North America; not found in Australia or the rest of Oceania. Superfamily Incurvarioidea More than 500 species; all females with an extensible, piercing ovipositor for inserting eggs into plant tissue. Family Incurvariidae

Lepidoptera: Annotated classification: Superfamily Tischerioidea Approximately 80 species in a single family. Family Tischeriidae (trumpet leaf miner moths) Approximately 80 species predominantly in North America; not found in Australia or the rest of Oceania. Superfamily Incurvarioidea

Martin Luther: Controversies after the Diet of Worms: Table Talks, a collection of Luther’s comments at the dinner table as recorded by one of his student boarders, pays tribute to “Dr. Katie” as a skillful household manager and as a partner in theological conversations. The couple had six children: Johannes (“Hans”), Elizabeth, Magdalene,…

Hubert de Givenchy: Later lead designers include Riccardo Tisci (2005–17), Clare Waight Keller (2017–20), and Matthew M. Williams (2020–24).

gerrymandering: A satirical cartoon by Elkanah Tisdale that appeared in the Boston Gazette graphically transformed the districts into a fabulous animal, “The Gerry-mander,” fixing the term in the popular imagination.

Arne Tiselius was a Swedish biochemist who won the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1948 for his work on electrophoresis and adsorption analysis. As an assistant to The Svedberg at the University of Uppsala (1925–32), Tiselius developed the use of electrophoresis for the delicate task of separating

Arne Tiselius was a Swedish biochemist who won the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1948 for his work on electrophoresis and adsorption analysis. As an assistant to The Svedberg at the University of Uppsala (1925–32), Tiselius developed the use of electrophoresis for the delicate task of separating

Canadian literature: Poetry and poetics: …of the Vancouver poetry magazine Tish, explored his roots in the Kootenays in Pictograms from the Interior of B.C. (1975), later turning to his mixed heritage and Chinese background in Rooftops (1988) and So Far (1991). David Zieroth (who has also published as Dale Zieroth) recalled his childhood on a…

Tisha be-Av, in Judaism, traditional day of mourning for the destruction of the First and Second Temples. According to the Talmud, other disastrous events such as the following occurred on Av 9: the decree that the Jews would wander 40 years in the wilderness; the fall of Bethar in 135 ce, ending

Elijah Bokher Levita: His lexicon Tishbi (1542) explained much of the Mishnaic Hebrew language and was a supplement to two important earlier dictionaries.

Judaism: Months and notable days: …notable days are as follows:

ancient Iranian religion: Tishtrya and Tīri: ” Astral deities seem to have figured much more prominently in ancient Iranian religion than in Vedic religion, and this may well be attributed to the influence of Babylonian science on the Iranians, particularly the western groups. In the Avesta such stars and…

Benvenuto Garofalo was an Italian painter, one of the most prolific 16th-century painters of the Ferrarese school. Garofalo’s first apprenticeship was with Domenico Panetti and later with the Cremonese painter Boccaccio Boccaccino. Garofalo’s two visits to Rome in the first and second decades of

Benvenuto Garofalo was an Italian painter, one of the most prolific 16th-century painters of the Ferrarese school. Garofalo’s first apprenticeship was with Domenico Panetti and later with the Cremonese painter Boccaccio Boccaccino. Garofalo’s two visits to Rome in the first and second decades of

Furies: …them Allecto (“Unceasing in Anger”), Tisiphone (“Avenger of Murder”), and Megaera (“Jealous”). They lived in the underworld and ascended to earth to pursue the wicked. Being deities of the underworld, they were often identified with spirits of the fertility of the earth. Because the Greeks feared to utter the dreaded…

river: Waterfalls: …Tugela Falls, in South Africa; Tisisat Falls, at the headwaters of the Blue Nile on the Ethiopian Plateau; and Angel Falls, in Venezuela.

Jozef Tiso was a Slovak priest and statesman who fought for Slovak autonomy within the Czechoslovak nation during the interwar period and headed the German puppet state of independent Slovakia (1939–45) until he was overthrown by the Red Army and Czechoslovak Partisans at the end of World War II.

Jozef Tiso was a Slovak priest and statesman who fought for Slovak autonomy within the Czechoslovak nation during the interwar period and headed the German puppet state of independent Slovakia (1939–45) until he was overthrown by the Red Army and Czechoslovak Partisans at the end of World War II.

Squanto was a Native American interpreter and guide. Squanto was born into the Pawtuxet people who occupied lands in present-day Massachusetts and Rhode Island. Little is known about his early life. Some authorities believe that he was taken from home to England in 1605 by George Weymouth and

Mahavihara: …by the Sinhalese king Devanampiya Tissa not long after his conversion to Buddhism by the Indian monk Mahendra. Until about the 10th century, it was a great cultural and religious centre and the chief stronghold of Theravada Buddhism. Because of the extreme importance of Buddhism in Ceylon, the prestige of…

airship: In 1883 Albert and Gaston Tissandier of France became the first to successfully power an airship using an electric motor. The first rigid airship, with a hull of aluminum sheeting, was built in Germany in 1897. Alberto Santos-Dumont, a Brazilian living in Paris, set a number of…

airship: In 1883 Albert and Gaston Tissandier of France became the first to successfully power an airship using an electric motor. The first rigid airship, with a hull of aluminum sheeting, was built in Germany in 1897. Alberto Santos-Dumont, a Brazilian living in Paris, set a number of records in…

Tissaphernes was a Persian satrap (governor) who played a leading part in Persia’s struggle to reconquer the Ionian Greek cities of Asia Minor that had been held by Athens since 449. In 413 Tissaphernes, who was then satrap of Lydia and Caria, formed an alliance with Sparta, and by the next year he

History of film: The Soviet Union: …therefore enlisted the aid of Eduard Tisse, a brilliant cinematographer at the state-owned Goskino studios, beginning a lifelong artistic collaboration. Strike is a semidocumentary representation of the brutal suppression of a strike by tsarist factory owners and police. In addition to being Eisenstein’s first film, it was also the first…

comet: Dynamics: …involved a quantity called the Tisserand parameter:

comet: Dynamics: …involved a quantity called the Tisserand parameter:

Félix Tisserand was a French astronomer noted for his textbook Traité de mécanique céleste, 4 vol. (1889–96; “Treatise on Celestial Mechanics”). This work, an update of Pierre-Simon Laplace’s work on the same subject, is still used as a sourcebook by authors writing on celestial mechanics. Before

Félix Tisserand was a French astronomer noted for his textbook Traité de mécanique céleste, 4 vol. (1889–96; “Treatise on Celestial Mechanics”). This work, an update of Pierre-Simon Laplace’s work on the same subject, is still used as a sourcebook by authors writing on celestial mechanics. Before

James Tissot was a French painter, engraver, and enameler noted for his portraits of late Victorian society. After receiving a religious education, Tissot went to Paris at age 19 to study art. In 1859 he exhibited at the Salon (an official exhibition sponsored by the French government). Turning

James Tissot was a French painter, engraver, and enameler noted for his portraits of late Victorian society. After receiving a religious education, Tissot went to Paris at age 19 to study art. In 1859 he exhibited at the Salon (an official exhibition sponsored by the French government). Turning

tissue, in physiology, a level of organization in multicellular organisms; it consists of a group of structurally and functionally similar cells and their intercellular material. By definition, tissues are absent from unicellular organisms. Even among the simplest multicellular species, such as

transplant: Organ and tissue banks: Without a blood supply, organs deteriorate rapidly. Cooling can slow down the process but cannot stop it. Organs differ in their susceptibility to damage. At body temperature, irreversible destruction of the brain occurs after more than 3 to 5 minutes; of the heart,…

tissue culture, a method of biological research in which fragments of tissue from an animal or plant are transferred to an artificial environment in which they can continue to survive and function. The cultured tissue may consist of a single cell, a population of cells, or a whole or part of an

tissue engineering, scientific field concerned with the development of biological substitutes capable of replacing diseased or damaged tissue in humans. The term tissue engineering was introduced in the late 1980s. By the early 1990s the concept of applying engineering to the repair of biological

therapeutics: Reconstructive surgery: Tissue expanders are another way of creating extra tissue that can be used to cover a defect. Inflatable plastic reservoirs are implanted under the normal skin of an adjacent area. For several weeks the reservoir is expanded with saline to stretch the overlying skin, which…

bleeding and blood clotting: The extrinsic pathway of blood coagulation: …blood clotting is known as tissue factor, or tissue thromboplastin. Tissue factor is found in many of the cells of the body but is particularly abundant in those of the brain, lungs, and placenta. The pathway of blood coagulation activated by tissue factor, a protein extrinsic to blood, is known…

fibrinolytic drug: Tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) stimulates fibrinolysis, and it has several important advantages over streptokinase and urokinase in treating coronary thrombosis. It binds readily to fibrin and, after intravenous administration, activates only the plasminogen that is bound to the clot; thus, fibrinolysis occurs in the absence…

cellular respiration, the process by which organisms combine oxygen with foodstuff molecules, diverting the chemical energy in these substances into life-sustaining activities and discarding, as waste products, carbon dioxide and water. Organisms that do not depend on oxygen degrade foodstuffs in a

regenerative medicine: Tissue scaffolds and soluble repair factors: Scaffolds and soluble factors, such as proteins and small molecules, have been used to induce tissue repair by undamaged cells at the site of injury. These agents protect resident fibroblasts and adult stem cells and stimulate the migration of…

stem cell: Adult stem cells: Some tissues in the adult body, such as the epidermis of the skin, the lining of the small intestine, and bone marrow, undergo continuous cellular turnover. They contain stem cells, which persist indefinitely, and a much larger number of “transit amplifying cells,”…

tissue, in physiology, a level of organization in multicellular organisms; it consists of a group of structurally and functionally similar cells and their intercellular material. By definition, tissues are absent from unicellular organisms. Even among the simplest multicellular species, such as

bleeding and blood clotting: The extrinsic pathway of blood coagulation: …blood clotting is known as tissue factor, or tissue thromboplastin. Tissue factor is found in many of the cells of the body but is particularly abundant in those of the brain, lungs, and placenta. The pathway of blood coagulation activated by tissue factor, a protein extrinsic to blood, is known…

transplant: Selection of donor and tissue matching: Tissue typing involves the identification of an individual’s HLA antigens. Lymphocytes are used for typing. It is important also that the red blood cells be grouped, since red-cell-group antigens are present in other tissues and can cause graft rejection. Although transplantation antigens are numerous and…

macular degeneration: Other forms of macular degeneration: …in a gene known as TIMP3 (tissue-inhibitor of metalloproteinase 3). These forms of macular degeneration, with the exception of Stargardt macular dystrophy, are inherited as autosomal dominant traits; disease occurs when a mutant gene is inherited from one parent. All five of these genetic forms of macular degeneration are rare,…

Tista River, a tributary of the Jamuna River (Brahmaputra River), flowing through India and Bangladesh. It rises in the Himalayas near Chunthang in Sikkim (India), flows to the south, cutting a deep gorge through the Siwalik Hills east of Darjiling (in West Bengal, India), and turns southeast to

Lake Nicaragua: Geography: …bridge between them, called the Tistian Isthmus. A third volcano associated with the lake is Mombacho, about 4,430 feet (1,350 metres) high, which stands on the western shore. Ometepe Island is the preeminent site in Nicaragua for pre-Columbian examples of statuary, ceramics, and other archaeological remains, some of which are…

children’s literature: The 20th century: One is Maurice Druon, whose Tistou of the Green Fingers (1957; Eng. trans. 1958), a kind of children’s Candide, demonstrated how the moral tale, given sufficient sensitivity and humour, can be transmuted into art. Perhaps the most original temperament was that of Henri Bosco, author of four eerie, haunting Provençal…

Tisza River, a major tributary of the middle Danube River, rising in the Bukovina segment of the Carpathian Mountains. Its two headstreams, the Black and White Tisza, unite east of Sighet, Romania, on the Ukraine-Romania border. From Sighet the Tisza flows northwest through a small portion of

István, Count Tisza was a Hungarian statesman who became prime minister of Hungary as well as one of the most prominent defenders of the Austro-Hungarian dualist system of government. He was an opponent of voting franchise reform in Hungary, and he was a loyal supporter of the monarchy’s alliance

Kálmán Tisza was a Hungarian statesman and longtime premier who led the coalition that ruled Hungary for the last 30 years of his life. He made his country a strong, unified, and economically viable state within the Austro-Hungarian system of dual government. A member of an old Calvinist landowning

Heves: The resulting reservoir, known as Lake Tisza, is the second largest body of water in the country and provides irrigation for the county’s farms. Lentils, tobacco, and melons are major crops. Viticulture—Mátraalja and Eger are well-known wine regions—and fruit growing are characteristic of the Mátra foothills, an area where horse…

Károly Eötvös: …defendants in the widely publicized Tiszaeszlár case, in which local Jews were accused of using the blood of a murdered Christian girl for preparing matzo. His success in that case earned him an international reputation, though in Hungary he was the subject of widespread criticism. After a three-year break, he…

Tisza River: The Tiszalök Dam (1954) on the river’s upper course forms the largest reservoir in Hungary, provides hydroelectric power, and, with the Eastern Main Canal linking the Tisza and the Berettyö to the Körös, supplies year-round irrigation water to the Hajdúság and Hortobágy plains. The Tisza is…

Hungary: Traditional regions: …Danube and Tisza rivers, and Transtisza (Tiszántúl), the region east of the Tisza. Kiskunság consists primarily of a mosaic of small landscape elements—sand dunes, loess plains, and floodplains. Kecskemét is the market centre for the region, which is also noted for its isolated farmsteads, known as tanyák. Several interesting groups…

Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén: Sárospatak, Szerencs, Sátoraljaújhely, Tiszaújváros, and Tokaj.

titmouse, small cheery-voiced nonmigratory woodland bird. Along with the chickadees, titmice make up the family Paridae (order Passeriformes), with approximately 55 species throughout the world, mostly in the Northern Hemisphere. Bold and athletic, the titmice are among the best-loved visitors to

tit-babbler, any of a number of birds belonging to the babbler family Timaliidae (order Passeriformes). The 35 to 40 species are small and short-billed, rather like titmice in appearance and behaviour but mostly somewhat larger with proportionately shorter tails. Tit-babblers are chunky birds, 10

history of publishing: General periodicals: …to Tit-Bits (in 1968 restyled Titbits). It was a great success and formed the beginning of a publishing empire that was to include Country Life (founded 1897), Wide World Magazine (1898), and, above all, The Strand Magazine (1891–1950), one of the first monthly magazines of light literature with plenty of…

vanga-shrike: The smallest species is the red-tailed vanga-shrike, or tit-shrike (Calicalicus madagascariensis).

Titagarh, city, southeastern West Bengal state, northeastern India. It lies just east of the Hugli (Hooghly) River, about 15 miles (25 km) north of central Kolkata (Calcutta), and is part of the Kolkata urban agglomeration. The city was once a fashionable residential district for Europeans.

Titan, the largest moon of Saturn and the only moon in the solar system known to have clouds and a dense atmosphere. It is the only body other than Earth that is known to currently have liquid on its surface. It was discovered telescopically in 1655 by the Dutch scientist Christiaan Huygens—the