wolffish, any of five species of large long-bodied fishes of the family Anarhichadidae (order Perciformes), found in northern Atlantic and Pacific waters. The largest species may grow to a length of about 2.3 metres (7.5 feet). Wolffishes have a large head and a long tapered body surmounted by a

Heinrich Wölfflin was a writer on aesthetics and the most important art historian of his period writing in German. Wölfflin was educated at the universities of Basel, Berlin, and Munich. His doctoral thesis, Prolegomena zu einer Psychologie der Architektur (1886), already showed the approach that

Wolff Telegraphic Bureau (WTB), German news agency founded in 1849 by physician Bernhard Wolff. Formed shortly after the Havas and Reuters news agencies, WTB served as the primary German news agency and was one of only a handful of international news services for about 75 years. Wolff became

Marvin Wolfgang was an American criminologist who was described by the British Journal of Criminology as “the most influential criminologist in the English-speaking world.” Wolfgang attended the University of Pennsylvania, where he received M.A. (1950) and Ph.D. (1955) degrees. He officially joined

Ghostbusters: Reboots: …her 15-year-old son Trevor (Finn Wolfhard) and 12-year-old daughter Phoebe (Mckenna Grace). Many members of the 1984 cast returned for the 2021 reboot, with the exception of Ramis, who died in 2014, and Moranis. Decidedly less controversial than the 2016 version, Ghostbusters: Afterlife was sufficiently profitable for Sony to…

Adolf Wölfli was a Swiss artist, writer, and musician associated with the art-brut and outsider-art movements. The youngest of seven children, Wölfli had a tumultuous childhood. His father, a stonecutter, was an alcoholic and eventually abandoned his family about 1870. When in 1872 his mother

Possessed of one of the most distinctive voices and styles in radio, Wolfman Jack played rhythm and blues and partied wildly in the studios—or at least it sounded like he did. He told listeners that he was “nekkid” and urged them to disrobe as well. In a raspy voice that alternated from a purr to a

Anthony Hopkins: Hannibal Lecter, Richard M. Nixon, and John Quincy Adams: … (2007; as King Hrothgar) and The Wolfman (2010).

Paul Wolfowitz is a U.S. government official, who, as deputy secretary of defense (2001–05) in the administration of Pres. George W. Bush, was a leading architect of the Iraq War. From 2005 to 2007 he was president of the World Bank. Wolfowitz’s father, a Polish immigrant whose family died in the

tungsten (W), chemical element, an exceptionally strong refractory metal of Group 6 (VIb) of the periodic table, used in steels to increase hardness and strength and in lamp filaments. Tungsten metal was first isolated (1783) by the Spanish chemists and mineralogists Juan José and Fausto Elhuyar by

Stephen Wolfram: In 2009 Wolfram Research premiered Wolfram Alpha, a search engine designed to answer basic questions, especially those expressible in equations, using a large database rather than searching across the Internet. Wolfram released Wolfram Language, the programming language behind Mathematica, for general users in 2014. He wrote An Elementary Introduction to…

Wolfram von Eschenbach was a German poet whose epic Parzival, distinguished alike by its moral elevation and its imaginative power, is one of the most profound literary works of the Middle Ages. An impoverished Bavarian knight, Wolfram apparently served a succession of Franconian lords: Abensberg,

Stephen Wolfram is an English physicist and author best known for his contributions to the field of cellular automata and the development of Mathematica, an algebraic software system, and Wolfram Alpha, a search engine. The son of a novelist and a philosophy professor, Wolfram attended Eton College

wolframite, chief ore of tungsten, commonly associated with tin ore in and around granite. Such occurrences include Cornwall, Eng.; northwestern Spain and northern Portugal; eastern Germany; Myanmar (Burma); the Malay Peninsula; and Australia. Wolframite consists of a mixture in varying proportions

George Clooney: Gravity and later films: …Brad Pitt on the action-comedy Wolfs, in which they played rival fixers who must work together. The following year Clooney made his Broadway debut, starring as Edward R. Murrow in Good Night, and Good Luck. The play, which was based on the 2005 movie, made $3.3 million in one week,…

monkshood, (genus Aconitum), genus of more than 200 species of showy perennial herbs of the buttercup family (Ranunculaceae). They occur in the north temperate zone, usually in partial shade and in rich soil. Some species are cultivated as ornamental plants, and several are used in traditional

Wolfsburg, city, Lower Saxony Land (state), northern Germany. It lies along the Mittelland Canal, about 45 miles (70 km) east of Hannover. The village of Hesslingen, dating from about 700, was the first settlement near the site of Wolfsburg; the town was first mentioned in 1132. There are a

Mel Brooks: Films of the 1970s: Korman, Slim Pickens, and Madeline Kahn, who earned an Academy Award nomination for best supporting actress for her parody of Marlene Dietrich’s saloon singer in the classic western Destry Rides Again (1939). The film reaped a fortune at the box office and earned Brooks another Academy Award nomination, this…

children’s literature: Heritage and fairy tales: …him who roused an educator, Heinrich Wolgast, to publish in 1896 his explosive Das Elend unserer Jugendliteratur (“The Sad State of Our Children’s Literature”). The event was an important one. It advanced for the first time the express thesis that “Creative children’s literature must be a work of art”; Wolgast…

Michael Wolgemut was a leading late Gothic painter of Nürnberg in the late 15th century. After an obscure early period Wolgemut married (1472) Barbara, widow of the Nürnberg painter Hans Pleydenwurff. In the next 40 years he produced a series of large altarpieces, rich with carving and gilding, as

Wolin, island off the northwestern coast of Poland, in Zachodniopomorskie województwo (province). It is surrounded by the Baltic Sea to the north, the Dziwna River to the east, the Szczeciński Lagoon to the south, and the Świna River to the west. Its area is 95 square miles (245 square km). The

Wolin: The main towns are Wolin in the south and Międzyzdroje in the north. The central area contains the Wolin National Park, which encompasses a coastal moraine.

Zachodniopomorskie: Geography: …as a gateway to the Wolin National Park, known for its sandy beaches backed by steep cliffs. It is also an important habitat for the protected white-tailed eagle (Haliaeetus albicilla) and is the site of a bison reserve. The densely forested Drawno National Park is located in the central lakeland…

Siebengebirge: …surmounted by a ruined castle; Wolkenburg (1,066 feet); Petersberg (1,086 feet), with a motor road to the summit hotel that was the seat (1945–52) of the tripartite Allied High Commission; and, to the south, Grosser Ölberg (1,509 feet), the highest of the group; Löwenburg (1,493 feet); Lohrberg (1,427 feet); and…

Dutch literature: The 20th century: …chronologically to the war generation, Jan Wolkers began writing in the 1960s and brought a visual artist’s sensibility to his often brutal stories and novels. Reactions to the painful loss of empire in the East Indies ran the gamut of nostalgia, affection, bitterness, and alienation in the work of Beb…

Lake Wollaston, lake, northeastern Saskatchewan. It lies in the southern part of the Barren Grounds (a subarctic prairie region of northern Canada), 30 miles (50 km) northwest of Reindeer Lake. It is 70 miles (113 km) long and 25 miles (40 km) wide, has an area of 1,035 square miles (2,681 square

Quincy, city, Norfolk county, eastern Massachusetts, U.S., on Boston Harbor, just southeast of Boston. In 1625 the site, which was settled by Captain Wollaston, was given the name Mount Wollaston, and a short time afterward, under the leadership of Thomas Morton, it was renamed Merry Mount; in 1627

William Wollaston was a British Rationalist philosopher and moralist whose ethical doctrines influenced subsequent philosophy as well as that of his own time. After studies at the University of Cambridge, Wollaston became a schoolteacher in Birmingham (1682) and soon afterward was ordained a

William Hyde Wollaston was a British scientist who enhanced the techniques of powder metallurgy to become the first to produce and market pure, malleable platinum. He also made fundamental discoveries in many areas of science and discovered the elements palladium (1802) and rhodium (1804).

wollastonite, white, glassy silicate mineral that commonly occurs as masses or tabular crystals with other calcium-containing silicates (e.g., diopside, tremolite, garnet, and epidote) in metamorphosed limestones. Deposits are found in Ciclova Romînă, Romania; Monte Somma, Italy; and Pargas,

Western architecture: England: …notable houses, the finest being Wollaton Hall (1580–88) near Nottingham. Wollaton has a magnificent site on a small hill overlooking a large park. The plan of the house is a square with four square corner towers, resembling a plan in the treatise on architecture by Serlio, whose book was influential…

Wollemi pine: …in a remote canyon in Wollemi National Park, about 200 km (120 miles) northwest of Sydney. This remarkable tree escaped discovery by earlier botanists in part because the only canyon system in which trees grow is bounded by tall sandstone cliffs, and access to the plants requires use of a…

Wollemi pine, (Wollemia nobilis), rare evergreen tree, a member of the conifer family Araucariaceae and the only member of its genus. Wollemi pine was found in 1994 growing in a remote canyon in Wollemi National Park, about 200 km (120 miles) northwest of Sydney. This remarkable tree escaped

Wollemi pine, (Wollemia nobilis), rare evergreen tree, a member of the conifer family Araucariaceae and the only member of its genus. Wollemi pine was found in 1994 growing in a remote canyon in Wollemi National Park, about 200 km (120 miles) northwest of Sydney. This remarkable tree escaped

aesthetics: The ontology of art: …questions have been discussed by Richard Wollheim in Art and Its Objects (1968), and again by Goodman in Languages of Art (see above). Wollheim argues that works of art are “types” and their embodiments “tokens.” The distinction here derives from the American philosopher and logician C.S. Peirce, who argued that…

Wolin: The main towns are Wolin in the south and Międzyzdroje in the north. The central area contains the Wolin National Park, which encompasses a coastal moraine.

Wollomombi Falls, set of two cataracts on the Wollomombi River, a headstream of the Macleay River, in northeastern New South Wales, Australia. The falls are situated 22 miles (35 km) east of Armidale in the New England Range of the Eastern Highlands. The Wollomombi Falls rank among the highest in

Wollongong, city, southeastern New South Wales, Australia. It is located on the coast of the Tasman Sea in the Illawarra district. Wollongong was founded as a village in 1816; its name is an Aboriginal word meaning “sound of the sea.” It became a town in 1843, a municipality in 1859, and a city in

Martha Wollstein was an American physician and investigator in pediatric pathology. Wollstein graduated from the Woman’s Medical College of the New York Infirmary in 1889. In 1890 she joined the staff of the Babies Hospital in New York City, where she was appointed pathologist in 1892. Her first

Mary Wollstonecraft was an English writer and passionate advocate of educational and social equality for women. She outlined her beliefs in A Vindication of the Rights of Woman (1792), considered a classic of feminism. The daughter of a farmer, Wollstonecraft taught school and worked as a

Mitchell v. Helms: Pittenger (1975) and Wolman v. Walter (1977), two cases in which the Supreme Court had ruled that though the loaning of textbooks to nonpublic schools was permissible, providing other kinds of aid was not.

Jean-Jacques Rousseau: Years of seclusion and exile of Jean-Jacques Rousseau: …to a fellow nobleman named Wolmar. As a dutiful daughter, Julie marries Wolmar and Saint-Preux goes off on a voyage around the world with an English aristocrat, Bomston, from whom he acquires a certain stoicism. Julie succeeds in forgetting her feelings for Saint-Preux and finds happiness as wife, mother, and…

Roundell Palmer, 1st earl of Selborne was a British lord high chancellor (1872–74, 1880–85) who almost singlehandedly drafted a comprehensive judicial-reform measure, the Supreme Court of Judicature Act of 1873. Under this statute, the complex duality of English court systems—common law and

William Waldegrave Palmer, 2nd earl of Selborne was the first lord of the Admiralty (1900–05) in Great Britain and high commissioner for South Africa (1905–10). He helped initiate the rebuilding of the fleet into a force strong enough to oppose a greatly expanded German navy in World War I and

Western architecture: Eastern Europe: …tennis court (1565–68), designed by Bonifaz Wolmut, is in a heavier classicism expressed by the alternation of engaged Ionic half columns with deeply recessed arched openings. Several castles or large houses like that at Opočno (1560–67) or of Bučovice (1566–87), designed by the Italian Pietro Ferrabosco, had spacious courtyards with…

Republic of Cracow, tiny state that for the 31 years of its existence (1815–46) was the only remaining independent portion of Poland. Established by the Congress of Vienna at the conclusion of the Napoleonic Wars (1815), the free Republic of Cracow consisted of the ancient city of Cracow (Kraków)

Wolof, a Muslim people of Senegal and The Gambia who speak the Wolof language of the Atlantic branch of the Niger-Congo language family. The typical rural community is small (about 100 persons). Most Wolof are farmers, growing peanuts (groundnuts) as a cash crop and millet and sorghum as staples;

Wolof empire, (fl. 14th–16th century), state that dominated what is now inland Senegal during the early period of European contact with West Africa. Founded soon after 1200, the Wolof state was ruled by a king, or burba, whose duties were both political and religious. During the 14th century, it

Wolof language, an Atlantic language of the Niger-Congo language family genetically related to Fula and Serer. There are two main variants of Wolof: Senegal Wolof, which is the standard form of the language, and Gambian Wolof, which is spoken along with Senegal Wolof by more than 160,000 people in

David Wolper was an American producer who was perhaps best known for his television work, most notably the miniseries Roots (1977). Wolper worked for a production company that made TV movies (1950–54), then formed Wolper Pictures in 1960. His numerous television programs and specials include The

David Wolper was an American producer who was perhaps best known for his television work, most notably the miniseries Roots (1977). Wolper worked for a production company that made TV movies (1950–54), then formed Wolper Pictures in 1960. His numerous television programs and specials include The

drawing: Pen drawings: …of the 20th-century German artist Wols (Alfred Otto Wolfgang Schulze), which are sensitive to the slightest stirring of the hand, this theme leads to a new dimension transcending all traditional concepts of a representational art of drawing.

Garnet Wolseley, 1st Viscount Wolseley was a British field marshal who saw service in battles throughout the world and was instrumental in modernizing the British army. The son of an army major, Wolseley entered the army as second lieutenant in 1852 and fought with distinction in the Second

Garnet Wolseley, 1st Viscount Wolseley was a British field marshal who saw service in battles throughout the world and was instrumental in modernizing the British army. The son of an army major, Wolseley entered the army as second lieutenant in 1852 and fought with distinction in the Second

Christchurch Mansion: The Wolsey Gallery was built in 1931 at the back of the mansion as a memorial to Cardinal Wolsey, a native of Ipswich, on the 400th anniversary of his death. Major works by East Anglian artists hang in the gallery, including works by Thomas Gainsborough, John…

Henry VIII: …duke of Buckingham, having denounced Cardinal Wolsey, lord chancellor to King Henry VIII, for corruption and treason, is himself arrested, along with his son-in-law, Lord Abergavenny. Despite the king’s reservations and Queen Katharine’s entreaties for justice and truth, Buckingham is convicted as a traitor on the basis of the false…

Thomas, Cardinal Wolsey was a cardinal and statesman who dominated the government of England’s King Henry VIII from 1515 to 1529. His unpopularity contributed, upon his downfall, to the anticlerical reaction that was a factor in the English Reformation. The son of a butcher of Ipswich, Wolsey was

28 Notable Women Cricketers: Laura Wolvaardt: Laura Wolvaardt made her debut for South Africa as an opening batter at age 16, and by age 25 she became her country’s record holder for most ODI runs, most ODI hundreds, and most T20I runs in women’s cricket. Along the way, she…

Wolverhampton, metropolitan borough, metropolitan county of West Midlands, historic county of Staffordshire, west-central England. It lies in the northwestern part of the industrial Black Country, near the farmlands of Shropshire and Staffordshire. The early town was mainly an agricultural center.

Wolverhampton: The early town was mainly an agricultural center. With the development of the Staffordshire coal and ironstone deposits, Wolverhampton became known for its metal manufactures, especially from the late 18th century. A wide range of products is produced today, including paints and rubber tires, as well as…

Wolverine, comic-book character whose gruff, violent disposition set the standard for later antiestablishment comic heroes. The character was created for Marvel Comics by writer Len Wein and artist John Romita, Sr. Wolverine—who possesses razor-sharp claws, the ability to rapidly heal virtually any

wolverine, (Gulo gulo), member of the weasel family (Mustelidae) that lives in cold northern latitudes of North America and Eurasia, especially in timbered areas. The wolverine is noted for its strength, cunning, fearlessness, and voracity, and the species is renowned for its ability to face down

Hugh Jackman: Hollywood and Broadway stardom: The Wolverine, which told of his superhero character’s exploits in Japan, followed in 2013. That year he also starred as the father of a missing girl in Prisoners.

Anne Rice: Religious works and later books: …The Wolf Gift (2012) and The Wolves of Midwinter (2013), represented a return to her Gothic roots. The novels follow a young werewolf as he becomes accustomed to his newly acquired supernatural abilities and metes out vigilante justice in contemporary northern California.

Joan Aiken: The Wolves of Willoughby Chase (1962) was her first novel to combine elements of history, horror, and adventure. Set in 19th-century England, the children’s book was the first in a series that included Black Hearts in Battersea (1964), The Whispering Mountain (1968), Dido and Pa…

Volhynia, area of northwestern Ukraine that was a principality (10th–14th century) and then an autonomous component of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and was ruled largely by its own aristocracy (after the late 14th century). The region became prominent during the 12th century, when many emigrants

cabaret: … was established in Berlin by Baron Ernst von Wolzogen. It retained the intimate atmosphere, entertainment platform, and improvisational character of the French cabaret but developed its own characteristic gallows humour. By the late 1920s the German cabaret gradually had come to feature mildly risqué musical entertainment for the middle-class man,…

Bobby Womack was an American singer, songwriter, and guitarist whose soulful compositions and accomplished musicianship made him one of the most highly regarded rhythm-and-blues (R&B) performers of the late 20th century. Womack grew up in Cleveland as one of five brothers. When they were children,

Bobby Womack was an American singer, songwriter, and guitarist whose soulful compositions and accomplished musicianship made him one of the most highly regarded rhythm-and-blues (R&B) performers of the late 20th century. Womack grew up in Cleveland as one of five brothers. When they were children,

WOMAD, international music and arts foundation known primarily for its festivals, held in multiple locations across the globe each year. WOMAD was conceived in 1980 by a group of individuals—most notably Peter Gabriel (former leader of the British rock band Genesis)—who shared a love of the world’s

Action painting: …brushstrokes of de Kooning’s “Woman” series, begun in the early 1950s, successfully evolved a richly emotive expressive style. Action painting was of major importance throughout the 1950s in Abstract Expressionism, the most-influential art movement at the time in the United States. By the end of the decade, however, leadership…

Gender Issues in Malawi: Women, many of whom not only raised children but also tended food crops to support their families—in some cases without the assistance of their husbands—often bore the greater burden. The situation began to change slowly after independence, as even the conservative Pres. Hastings Kamuzu Banda…

PJ Harvey: …another collaboration with Parish—the wide-ranging A Woman a Man Walked By (2009). From the confrontational growl of the album’s title track to the softly spoken lines of “Cracks in the Canvas,” Harvey once again demonstrated that her voice was an instrument capable of conveying dramatic emotional range. She later surfaced…

Eliza Wood Burhans Farnham: …the preparation, was published as Woman and Her Era. In this work she expounded the natural superiority of women over men and attributed the disabilities laid on women in the practical spheres to the unconscious recognition by men that women were not meant to labour or serve on an equal…

Olive Schreiner: …“bible” of the Women’s Movement, Woman and Labour (1911).

August Bebel: …Frau und der Sozialismus (1883; Woman and Socialism), which went through many editions and translations. This book was the most powerful piece of SPD propaganda for decades. Above all, by its combination of science and prophecy, it served as a blueprint for German social democracy in the conditions produced by…

Peter Høeg: …and Kvinden og aben (1996; The Woman and the Ape), in which the wife of an esteemed zoologist works to save an ape from death at the hands of the scientists studying him. After a decade during which he virtually disappeared, Høeg published Den stille pige (2006; The Quiet Girl),…

Grazia Deledda: title, The Mother), the tragedy of a mother who realizes her dream of her son’s becoming a priest only to see him yield to the temptations of the flesh. In these and others of her more than 40 novels, Deledda often used Sardinia’s landscape as a…

Woman at Her Toilette, oil painting created about 1875/80 by French artist Berthe Morisot. This Impressionist work has been likened to a visual poem and is one of the artist’s best-known works. It may have been first exhibited in 1875 during the second of the eight exhibitions put on by the

The Woman Citizen, American weekly periodical, one of the most influential women’s publications of the early decades of the 20th century. It came into existence as a result of a substantial bequest from Mrs. Frank Leslie to Carrie Chapman Catt, the head of the National American Woman Suffrage

Western sculpture: Avant-garde sculpture (1909–20): …matter, Alexander Archipenko in his Woman Combing Her Hair (1915) rendered the body by means of concavities rather than convexities and replaced the solid head by its silhouette within which there is only space.

Witi Ihimaera: The play Woman Far Walking (2000) tells the story of the Māori people from the perspective of an ancient woman who has witnessed key events in their history during the 19th and 20th centuries. The Little Kowhai Tree (2002) is an illustrated book for children about the…

Woman Holding a Balance, oil painting by Johannes Vermeer from about 1664. It depicts a woman who some scholars have suggested may be pregnant and thus hints at a resemblance to the Virgin Mary. She stands serenely before a table that bears a jewelry box draped with strands of gold and pearls while

Andrea del Verrocchio: Paintings and sculptures: …his marble bust known as Lady with Primroses (also called Woman Holding Flowers) (1475–80). The latter work created a new type of Renaissance bust, in which the arms of the sitter are included in the manner of ancient Roman models. This compositional device allows the hands, as well as the…

Sandra Cisneros: Books: Her collection of short stories, Woman Hollering Creek and Other Stories (1991), contains tales of beleaguered girls and women who nonetheless feel that they have power over their destinies. She returned to long fiction with Caramelo; o, puro cuento (2002), a semiautobiographical work that echoes her own peripatetic childhood in…

Julia Alvarez: …The Other Side (1995) and The Woman I Kept to Myself (2004). Her nonfiction books include Something to Declare: Essays (1998), Once upon a Quinceañera: Coming of Age in the USA (2007), and A Wedding in Haiti: The Story of a Friendship (2012).

Anatole Litvak: The Hollywood years: Litvak’s first American film was The Woman I Love (1937), a World War I drama made at RKO. It starred Miriam Hopkins, whom Litvak later married (divorced 1939), and Paul Muni. Litvak then signed with Warner Brothers, and his first film for the studio was Tovarich (1937). The popular comedy…

Pablo Picasso: Surrealism: …specifically pointed to the strange Woman in a Chemise (1913). Moreover, the idea of reading one thing for another, an idea implicit in Synthetic Cubism, seemed to coincide with the dreamlike imagery the Surrealists championed.

Janet McTeer: Films: …Shakespeare’s play; the horror movie The Woman in Black (2012); and Hannah Arendt (2012), in which she was cast as the American writer Mary McCarthy, a close friend to Arendt.

Johannes Vermeer: Themes: 1662/65), and Woman in Blue Reading a Letter (c. 1663; also called Woman in Blue Reading a Letter), he utilized the laws of perspective and the placement of individual objects—chairs, tables, walls, maps, window frames—to create a sense of nature’s underlying order. Vermeer’s carefully chosen objects are…

Helen Mirren: Later films: In Woman in Gold (2015) Mirren portrayed Maria Altmann, a Jewish refugee who successfully sued the Austrian government to recover paintings by Gustav Klimt stolen from her family by the Nazis during World War II. Eye in the Sky (2015) featured Mirren as a British colonel…

Shania Twain: Shania Twain and The Woman in Me: …Twain released her second album, The Woman in Me. It was a critical and commercial success, selling more than 18 million copies and winning a Grammy Award for country album of the year.

Britney Spears: Scandal and conservatorship: …Spears published the much-anticipated memoir The Woman in Me, in which she candidly wrote about her career and personal life. She notably alleged being exploited by her family, especially her father, and shared details about her romantic relationship with pop star Justin Timberlake. The work received positive reviews from both…

Gene Wilder: …films as Hanky Panky (1982), The Woman in Red (1984), and Haunted Honeymoon (1986). Many of Wilder’s later credits were for television. He notably won an Emmy Award (2003) for a guest appearance on the sitcom Will & Grace.

film: Intensity, intimacy, ubiquity: …film Suna no onna (1964; Woman in the Dunes), for example, a pervading theme of the film is indicated by shots of grains of sand many times enlarged.

The Woman in the Dunes, novel by Abe Kōbō, published in Japanese as Suna no onna in 1962. This avant-garde allegory is esteemed as one of the finest Japanese novels of the post-World War II period; it was the first of Abe’s novels to be translated into English. The protagonist of The Woman in the

Pawel Pawlikowski: His next film, The Woman in the Fifth (2011), a psychological thriller, received generally positive reviews. Pawlikowski then directed the acclaimed Ida (2013). Set in Poland in 1962, Ida follows a novitiate Roman Catholic nun who—after discovering that she was born Jewish—sets out on a journey with her…

Margaret Fuller: …remembered for her landmark book Woman in the Nineteenth Century (1845), which examined the place of women within society.

Amy Adams: Stage debut and later career: …2021 she was cast in The Woman in the Window, a thriller adapted from A.J. Finn’s popular novel about an agoraphobic woman who believes she witnessed her neighbor being attacked, and Dear Evan Hansen, which was based on a Broadway musical. In Disenchanted (2022), Adams reprised her role as Princess…

Fritz Lang: Films of the 1940s: The Woman in the Window (1944) was one of his most nightmarish dramas. Skillfully adapted by Nunnally Johnson from an obscure novel, it starred Edward G. Robinson as a married college professor who becomes involved with the woman (Joan Bennett) who is the subject of…