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optical invariant
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Salem Witch Trials. Photogravure after the painting by Walter McEwen titled - The Witches - circa 1890s.
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Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519), Italian Renaissance painter from Florence. Engraving by Cosomo Colombini (d. 1812) after a Leonardo self portrait. Ca. 1500.
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optical invariant

optics

Learn about this topic in these articles:

major reference

  • Are invisibility cloaks possible in reality?
    In optics: Magnification: the optical invariant

    It is frequently as important to determine the size of an image as it is to determine its location. To obtain an expression for the magnification—that is, the ratio of the size of an image to the size of the object—the following process…

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