Communist Party

politics
verifiedCite
While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions.
Select Citation Style
Feedback
Corrections? Updates? Omissions? Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login).
Thank you for your feedback

Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article.

News

China’s No 3 official missing as ‘two sessions’ closes Mar. 11, 2025, 1:34 AM ET (South China Morning Post)
CPI flays AINRC-BJP govt. for failure to provide jobs as promised Mar. 10, 2025, 5:42 AM ET (The Hindu)
The Secret Campaign in China to Save a Woman Chained by the Neck Mar. 5, 2025, 5:03 AM ET (New York Times)
Hong Kong’s Jimmy Lai denies he wants Western ‘dismemberment’ of China Mar. 2, 2025, 11:04 PM ET (South China Morning Post)

Communist Party, Political party organized to facilitate the transition of society from capitalism through socialism to communism. Russia was the first country in which communists came to power (1917). In 1918 the Bolshevik party was renamed the All-Russian Communist Party; the name was taken to distinguish its members from the socialists of the Second International who had supported capitalist governments during World War I. Its basic unit was the workers’ council (soviet), above which were district, city, regional, and republic committees. At the top was the party congress, which met only every few years; the delegates elected the members of the Central Committee, who in turn elected the members of the Politburo and the Secretariat, though those organizations were actually largely self-perpetuating. The Soviet Union dominated communist parties worldwide through World War II. Yugoslavia challenged that hegemony in 1948 and China went its own way in the 1950s and ’60s. Communist parties have survived the demise of the Soviet Union (1991), but with reduced political influence. Cuba’s party remains in control, as does a hereditary communist party in North Korea.

This article was most recently revised and updated by Jeannette L. Nolen.