How Strong Is a Shark’s Bite?

When it comes to mighty bites, sharks are exceptionally powerful. In fact, the great white shark has one of the strongest chomps in the animal kingdom—with an estimated bite force of 18,000 N (newtons; 1 N = about 0.2248 pound of force), according to computer analyses. The strongest shark bite ever physically measured belonged to a mako shark, with a force of about 13,000 N. How do these bites compare to those of other animals? Coming in just behind the great white, with the most powerful bite force on record, is the saltwater crocodile, at 16,460 Newtons.

The white shark has a bite that is not only powerful but also precise. Its jaws are equipped with large, sharply pointed teeth that are coarsely serrated, making them perfect for cutting through flesh and bone. This design allows the white shark to deliver a sudden and massive bite, often used to ambush prey. The initial impact of their bite can be so intense that it may send the prey out of the water or even propel the shark into the air if it misses its target. This method of attack, known as “bite and spit” or “bite and wait,” showcases the sheer power and effectiveness of the white shark’s bite.

The strength of a shark’s bite is attributed to not only the teeth but also the muscular and skeletal adaptations that support their feeding habits. Sharks have a complex musculature that contributes to their powerful swimming and biting capabilities. The axial muscles, which run along the trunk and tail, are particularly important for producing the undulatory movements that propel sharks through the water. This musculature, combined with the unique structure of their jaws and teeth, allows sharks to deliver powerful bites that are essential for their survival as apex predators.