simple metal

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In crystal: Metallic bonds
The simple metals are bonded with sp-electrons. The electrons of these metal atoms are in filled atomic shells except for a few electrons that are in unfilled sp-shells. The electrons from the unfilled shells are detached from the metal ion and are free to wander throughout…
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In crystal: Conductivity of metals
…for those metals, known as simple metals, whose conduction electrons are donated from sp-shells—for example, aluminum, magnesium, calcium, zinc, and lead. They are called simple because they are aptly described by the simple theory of Sommerfeld.
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