Perplexity AI: …leading tech pioneers developing “answer engine” technologies. It aims to deliver direct, detailed answers to user queries.

Alex Trebek: Jeopardy!: …year Trebek published the memoir The Answer Is…: Reflections on My Life. He died later that year.

motion-picture technology: Film processing and printing: …a composite print called the answer print. (The first answer print is rarely the same as the final release print.) After all color-correction and timing takes place, the information is recorded on perforated paper tape that serves to control both the exposure for each shot and the louvered filters that…

Sir David Lyndsay: …king and court; and his An Answer quhilk Schir David Lyndsay maid to the Kingis Flyting (1536) is a ribald example of the game of poetic abuse (“flyting”) practiced by Celtic poets. The Complaynt and Publict Confessioun of the Kingis Auld Hound callit Bagsche (c. 1536) is a short didactic…

Allen Iverson is an American basketball player known for both explosive play on the court and controversy away from the game. He became the first great athlete to be strongly identified with the hip-hop movement. Athletic success and controversy came to Iverson at an early age. At Bethel High

Truman Capote: Answered Prayers: Capote and the swans: …masterpiece, a social satire entitled Answered Prayers, appeared in Esquire in 1975–76 and raised a storm among friends and foes who were harshly depicted in the work (under the thinnest of disguises). He became a social pariah, and his alcohol and drug problems worsened. (The fallout from the published excerpts…

Truman Capote: Answered Prayers: Capote and the swans: …masterpiece, a social satire entitled Answered Prayers, appeared in Esquire in 1975–76 and raised a storm among friends and foes who were harshly depicted in the work (under the thinnest of disguises). He became a social pariah, and his alcohol and drug problems worsened. (The fallout from the published excerpts…

voice mail: …mail is distinguished from an answering machine by its ability to provide service to multiple phone lines and by the more sophisticated functions that it offers in addition to recording messages.

Alfred Charles William Harmsworth, Viscount Northcliffe: …soon shortening the name to Answers. As the paper gained public favour, he was joined by his brother Harold, whose financial ability and capacity for attracting advertising, combined with Alfred’s genius for sensing the public taste, made it a success. Answers was followed by many other inexpensive popular periodicals, chief…

Alfred Charles William Harmsworth, Viscount Northcliffe: …soon shortening the name to Answers. As the paper gained public favour, he was joined by his brother Harold, whose financial ability and capacity for attracting advertising, combined with Alfred’s genius for sensing the public taste, made it a success. Answers was followed by many other inexpensive popular periodicals, chief…

American Negro Theatre (ANT), African American theatre company that was active in the Harlem district of New York City from 1940 to 1951. It provided professional training and critical exposure to African American actors, actresses, and playwrights by creating and producing plays concerning diverse

ant, (family Formicidae), any of approximately 10,000 species of insects that are social in habit and live together in organized colonies. Ants occur worldwide but are most numerous, both in numbers and in species, in tropical and subtropical regions. Ants are essential members of the ecosystems

aardvark, (Orycteropus afer), stocky African mammal found south of the Sahara Desert in savanna and semiarid areas. The name aardvark—Afrikaans for “earth pig”—refers to its piglike face and burrowing habits. The aardvark weighs up to 65 kg (145 pounds) and measures up to 2.2 metres (7.2 feet)

anteater: The giant anteater: The giant anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla), sometimes called the ant bear, is the largest member of the anteater family and is best known in the tropical grasslands (Llanos) of Venezuela, where it is still common. It was once found in the lowland forests of…

aphid, (family Aphididae), any of a group of sap-sucking, soft-bodied insects (order Homoptera) that are about the size of a pinhead, most species of which have a pair of tubelike projections (cornicles) on the abdomen. Aphids can be serious plant pests and may stunt plant growth, produce plant

Alibaba: 1999–2006: Early years, Taobao, and Alipay: …Alipay eventually gave rise to Ant Group, Alibaba’s financial services affiliate, which, among other services, uses artificial intelligence to provide microloans to small businesses in China.

antlion, (family Myrmeleontidae), family of about 2,000 species of insects that are named for the predatory nature of the larva, which commonly trap ants and other small insects in pits dug into the ground. Antlions are found throughout the world, primarily in dry, sandy regions. The antlion larva

jumping ant spider, (Myrmarachne formicaria), species of jumping spider that mimics a redwood ant (Formica rufa) in both appearance and behavior to escape predators. The spider is native to grasslands in temperate regions of Eurasia, and has been accidentally introduced to parts of the eastern

Asclepiadoideae: The ant plant (Dischidia rafflesiana) is uniquely adapted with hollow inflated leaves filled with root structures. The leaves can store rainwater or, if punctured, form a suitable nesting chamber for symbiotic ants, which protect the plants from harmful insects.

aphid, (family Aphididae), any of a group of sap-sucking, soft-bodied insects (order Homoptera) that are about the size of a pinhead, most species of which have a pair of tubelike projections (cornicles) on the abdomen. Aphids can be serious plant pests and may stunt plant growth, produce plant

Tupolev: …notable Soviet airplanes including the TB-1 (ANT-4), the world’s first all-metal, twin-engine, cantilever-wing bomber and one of the largest planes built in the 1920s. Two Tupolev aircraft from the early 1930s, the giant, eight-engine ANT-20 airliner (Maksim Gorky) and the ANT-25 bomber, set world records for size and long-distance flights,…

cricket: Ant-loving crickets (subfamily Myrmecophilinae) are minute (3 to 5 mm long), wingless, and humpbacked. They live in ant nests. Wingless bush crickets (subfamily Mogoplistinae) are generally found on bushes or under debris in sandy tropical areas near water. They are slender crickets, 5 to 13…

Ant-Man and the Wasp: The live-action Ant-Man (2015) took place in Marvel’s cinematic universe and cast Paul Rudd as Scott Lang and Michael Douglas as an aging Hank Pym. Although it marked something of a departure from the formula established in Marvel’s other big-screen offerings, the superheroic heist film was praised…

Ant-Man and the Wasp: Ant-Man debuted in Tales to Astonish no. 27 (January 1962), and the Wasp first appeared in Tales to Astonish no. 44 (June 1963).

Ant-Man and the Wasp, comic strip superheroes created for Marvel Comics by Stan Lee and Jack Kirby. Ant-Man debuted in Tales to Astonish no. 27 (January 1962), and the Wasp first appeared in Tales to Astonish no. 44 (June 1963). Dr. Henry (Hank) Pym—a brilliant, if reckless—scientist has discovered

Ant-Man and the Wasp: …War (2016), and Ant-Man’s sequel, Ant-Man and the Wasp (2018), also received favourable reviews. That film was praised for expanding the role of its female protagonist, Hope van Dyne (played by Evangeline Lilly), the daughter of Pym and Janet van Dyne, to become the new incarnation of the Wasp. Rudd…

Ant-Man and the Wasp: …for Avengers: Endgame (2019) and Ant-Man and the Wasp: Quantumania (2023).

anta, in architecture, slightly projecting column at the end of a wall, produced by either a thickening of the wall or attachment of a separate strip. The former type, commonly flanking porches of Greek and Roman temples, is a masonry vestige of the wooden structural posts used to reinforce the

Cassiano Ricardo: …the early 1920s in the “Anta” subgroup of literary Modernism, which urged a nationalistic rediscovery of the land and its indigenous folkloric traditions. Martim Cererê (1928), perhaps his best-known collection of poems, dates from this period. From nationalism, Ricardo evolved toward the compassionate, universal, “post-atomic” worldview evident in Jeremias sem-chorar…

organosulfur compound: Thiocarbonyl compounds: The related compound disulfiram (Antabuse; R = CH2CH3) is used in treating alcoholism. A thioamide, ethionamide, is an important drug used in the treatment of tuberculosis, and other thioamides are used as peptide analogs and in peptide synthesis.

antacid, any substance, such as sodium bicarbonate, magnesium hydroxide, calcium carbonate, or aluminum hydroxide, used to counteract or neutralize gastric acids and relieve the discomfort caused by gastric acidity. Indigestion, gastritis, and several forms of ulcers are alleviated by the use of

anta, in architecture, slightly projecting column at the end of a wall, produced by either a thickening of the wall or attachment of a separate strip. The former type, commonly flanking porches of Greek and Roman temples, is a masonry vestige of the wooden structural posts used to reinforce the

Antae, federation of eastern Slavic nomadic tribes known by the 3rd century ad, dwelling in southern Russia between the Dnieper and Dniester rivers. A powerful people with highly developed agriculture, handicrafts, and ironwork, the Antae fought the Goths, who were fleeing westward from the Huns in

Antaeus, in Greek mythology, a giant of Libya, the son of the sea god Poseidon and the Earth goddess Gaea. He compelled all strangers who were passing through the country to wrestle with him. Whenever Antaeus touched the Earth (his mother), his strength was renewed, so that even if thrown to the

Spanish literature: The novel: …most significant accomplishment, his tetralogy Antagonía, comprises Recuento (1973; “Recounting”), Los verdes de mayo hasta el mar (1976; “May’s Greenery as Far as the Sea”), La cólera de Aquiles (1979; “The Rage of Achilles”), and Teoría del conocimiento (1981; “Theory of Knowledge”), which reveal him as a consummate practitioner of…

agonism, survivalist animal behaviour that includes aggression, defense, and avoidance. The term is favoured by biologists who recognize that the behavioral bases and stimuli for approach and fleeing are often the same, the actual behaviour exhibited depending on other factors, especially the

pharmaceutical industry: Contribution of scientific knowledge to drug discovery: …antihypertensive drugs, the AT1 receptor antagonists, was developed. Agonists are drugs or naturally occurring substances that activate physiologic receptors, whereas antagonists are drugs that block those receptors. In this case, angiotensin II is an agonist at AT1 receptors, and the antihypertensive AT1 drugs are antagonists. Antihypertensives illustrate the value of…

antagonism, in ecology, an association between organisms in which one benefits at the expense of the other. As life has evolved, natural selection has favoured organisms that are able to efficiently extract energy and nutrients from their environment. Because organisms are concentrated packages of

pharmaceutical industry: Contribution of scientific knowledge to drug discovery: …antihypertensive drugs, the AT1 receptor antagonists, was developed. Agonists are drugs or naturally occurring substances that activate physiologic receptors, whereas antagonists are drugs that block those receptors. In this case, angiotensin II is an agonist at AT1 receptors, and the antihypertensive AT1 drugs are antagonists. Antihypertensives illustrate the value of…

plant disease: Biological control: These organisms are called antagonists; they may occur naturally within the host’s environment, or they may be purposefully applied to those parts of the potential host plant where they can act directly or indirectly on the pathogen.

antagonist, in literature, the principal opponent or foil of the main character, who is referred to as the protagonist, in a drama or narrative. The word is from the Greek antagnistḗs, “opponent or

animal: Types of skeletons and their distribution: …two layers of muscles (antagonists) oriented at right angles to one another; the inside contains an incompressible fluid or gel. The contraction of one set of muscles exerts a pressure on the fluid, which is forced to move at right angles to the squeezing antagonist. The movement of the…

agonism, survivalist animal behaviour that includes aggression, defense, and avoidance. The term is favoured by biologists who recognize that the behavioral bases and stimuli for approach and fleeing are often the same, the actual behaviour exhibited depending on other factors, especially the

water strider: … demonstrate a phenomenon known as antagonistic coevolution. Females have a shield that covers their genitalia, which protects them against forced copulation and is believed to allow for mate selectivity. To increase mating opportunities, males counterevolved a strategy of vibrational signaling that attracts both females and predators. During copulation the female…

Antaimoro, a Malagasy people living on and near the southeastern coast of Madagascar. Numbering about 350,000 in the late 20th century, the Antaimoro (“People of the Coast”) speak one of the Malagasy languages, a group of closely related Western Austronesian languages. Traditionally the Antaimoro

Antioch, populous city of ancient Syria and now a major town of south-central Turkey. It lies near the mouth of the Orontes River, about 12 miles (19 km) northwest of the Syrian border. Antioch was founded in 300 bce by Seleucus I Nicator, a former general of Alexander the Great. The new city soon

Antioch, ancient city in Phrygia, near the Pisidian border, close to modern Yalvaç, in west-central Turkey. Founded by Seleucus I Nicator (c. 358–281 bce), it was made a free city in 189 bce by the Romans, who took direct control about 25 bce; soon thereafter the emperor Augustus made it a colony

South Asian arts: Bhakti poetry: Āṇṭāḷ (8th century), a Vaiṣṇava poetess, is literally love-sick for Krishna. Periyāḻvār, her father, sings of Krishna in the aspect of a divine child, originating a new genre of celebrant poetry. Kulacēkarar, a Cēra prince, sings of both Rāma and Krishna, identifying himself with several…

ancient Iran: Artaxerxes I to Darius III: …request, and dictate the so-called King’s Peace of 387–386 bc. Once again the Greeks gave up any claim to Asia Minor and further agreed to maintain the status quo in Greece itself.

József Antall was a politician and the prime minister of Hungary from 1990 until his death in 1993. Antall was the son of a government official who aided Polish refugees and Jews during World War II. Trained as a history teacher, archivist, librarian, and museologist, Antall taught for a time in a

Antalya, city and Mediterranean Sea port, southwestern Turkey. It is situated on the Gulf of Antalya. Attalia was founded as a seaport in the 2nd century bce by Attalus II Philadelphus, a king of Pergamum. It was bequeathed to the Romans by his successor, Attalus III Philometor Euergetes. St. Paul

Turkey: The southern folded zone: The Antalya Plain extends inland some 20 miles (30 km) from the Gulf of Antalya; the Adana Plain, measuring roughly 90 by 60 miles (145 by 100 km), comprises the combined deltas of the Seyhan and Ceyhan rivers. The mountain system falls into two main parts.…

Antandroy, a Malagasy people living in southernmost Madagascar. Numbering about 500,000 in the late 20th century, the Antandroy (“People of the Thorn Bush”) speak one of the Malagasy languages, a group of closely related Western Austronesian languages; Antandroy chiefs claim Indian origins. The

antanaclasis, a word used in two or more of its possible meanings, as in the final two lines of Robert Frost’s “Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening”: The first use of “sleep” refers to nocturnal rest, the second to

Tanala, a Malagasy people living in southeastern Madagascar who are separated from the coast by the Antaimoro and other ethnic groups. They are divided into two subgroups: the Tanala Menabe in the mountainous north and the Tanala Ikongo dwelling in the more accessible southern part of the Tanala

Antananarivo, town and national capital of Madagascar, central Madagascar island. It was founded in the 17th century and was the capital of the Hova chiefs. Antananarivo stands on a high hill. Avenues and flights of steps lead up to a rocky ridge (4,694 feet [1,431 metres]) on which stands the

Antandroy, a Malagasy people living in southernmost Madagascar. Numbering about 500,000 in the late 20th century, the Antandroy (“People of the Thorn Bush”) speak one of the Malagasy languages, a group of closely related Western Austronesian languages; Antandroy chiefs claim Indian origins. The

Italy: Literature and art: 972), whose Antapodosis is a florid but highly literate satire of the kings of the first half of the 10th century. Charlemagne’s court drew Italian intellectuals to it and away from the peninsula, but Carolingian patronage returned to the cities of northern Italy in the mid-9th century,…

Romance of ʿAntar, tales of chivalry centred on the Arab desert poet and warrior ʿAntarah ibn Shaddād, one of the poets of the celebrated pre-Islamic collection Al-Muʿallaqāt. (Read Sir Walter Scott’s 1824 Britannica essay on chivalry.) Though the Romance of ʿAntar itself credits the 9th-century

Adam Malik: …founded the Indonesian news agency Antara, which originally served as an organ of the nationalist press. During World War II he was active in the Indonesian youth movement. In 1945 he was involved with the abduction of the Indonesian leaders Sukarno and Mohammad Hatta in order to “force” them to…

Ṭarṭūs, town, western Syria, situated on the Mediterranean coast opposite Arwād Island. It was founded in antiquity as Antaradus, a colony of Aradus (now Arwād Island). It was rebuilt in 346 ce by Emperor Constantine I and flourished during Roman and Byzantine times. Crusaders occupied Ṭarṭūs, then

Islamic arts: Poetry: ʿAntarah ibn Shaddād, son of an Arab king and an enslaved Black woman, won such fame on the battlefield and for his poetry that he later became the hero of the Romance of ʿAntar, an Arabic folk romance.

Palmer Archipelago, island group off the northwestern coast of the Antarctic Peninsula, from which it is separated by Gerlache and Bismarck straits. The archipelago, which includes the islands of Anvers (46 miles [74 km] long by 35 miles [56 km] wide), Liège, Brabant, and Wiencke, was discovered in

temperate forest: Flora: …evergreen species of beech (Nothofagus), with different species occurring in each region. Few other trees typically coexist with Nothofagus in these cool forests, which also lack climbers and vascular epiphytes, although they may have a great abundance of mosses on tree trunks, branches, and sometimes leaves. In Australia other…

density current: Density currents originating from marginal seas: …and this water forms the Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW). Alternatively, an intermediate layer is created if the density difference with the surrounding waters reaches zero before the density current arrives at the bottom of the ocean. In this scenario, the current spreads horizontally at an intermediate depth. Such intermediate layers…

Antarctic Circle, parallel, or line of latitude around Earth, at 66°30′ S. Because Earth’s axis is inclined about 23.5° from the vertical, this parallel marks the northern limit of the area within which, for one day or more each year, at the summer and winter solstices, the sun does not set

Antarctic Circumpolar Current, wind-driven surface oceanic current encircling Antarctica and flowing from west to east. Affected by adjacent landmasses, submarine topography, and prevailing winds, the Antarctic Circumpolar Current is irregular in width and course. Its motion is further complicated

Antarctic Convergence, transition region of the Southern Hemisphere, a major boundary zone of the world’s oceans that separates the waters surrounding Antarctica into Antarctic and sub-antarctic regions. (It is sometimes referred to as a polar front, but use of this term can cause it to be confused

perciform: Annotated classification: Family Bathydraconidae (Antarctic dragonfishes) About 15 species; true Antarctic fishes, occurring on coasts of Antarctic continent; body greatly elongated; usually a spatulate, pikelike snout; no first dorsal fin; live on coasts of Antarctic continent to depths of 500–700 metres (about 1,650–2,300 feet), a few down to 2,500…

glacier: Antarctic Ice Sheet: The bedrock of the continent of Antarctica is almost completely buried under ice. Mountain ranges and isolated nunataks (a term derived from Greenland’s Inuit language, used for individual mountains surrounded by ice) locally protrude through the ice. Extensive in area are…

Antarctic Intermediate Water, ocean water mass found in all the southern oceans at depths of about 1,650 to 4,000 ft (500 to 1,200 m), characterized by temperatures of 37° to 45° F (3° to 7° C) and salinities of 33.8 to about 34.5 parts per thousand. This water mass forms at the Antarctic

Antarctica: Plant life: The cold desert climate of Antarctica supports only an impoverished community of cold-tolerant land plants that are capable of surviving lengthy winter periods of total or near-total darkness during which photosynthesis cannot take place. Growth must occur in short summer bursts lasting only a few days, a few weeks, or…

krill: The body of E. superba is about 5 cm (2 inches) long and translucent, with reddish brown blotches. The swimming larvae pass through nine stages of development. Males mature in about 22 months, females in about 25 months. During a spawning period of about five and a half…

Antarctic meteorite, any of a large group of meteorites that have been collected in Antarctica, first by Japanese expeditions and subsequently by U.S. and European teams since the discovery of meteorite concentrations there in 1969. Although meteorites fall more or less uniformly over Earth’s

Antarctica: Climate of Antarctica: …on Earth is AMANDA, the Antarctic Muon and Neutrino Detector Array. This involves an array of hundreds of optical devices set at depths of up to 1.2 miles (2 km) in the ice below the South Pole. It is essentially a telescope built within the ice sheet to detect high-energy…

Southern Ocean, body of salt water covering approximately one-sixteenth of Earth’s total ocean area. The Southern Ocean is made up of the portions of the world ocean south of the Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian oceans and their tributary seas surrounding Antarctica below 60° S. It is unbroken by any

ozone depletion: Ozone layer recovery: …while the size of the Antarctic ozone hole had been decreasing. Overall ozone concentrations away from the poles have continued to fall since 1998; however, a 2018 study showed that declines in ozone concentrations in the lower stratosphere contrasted with gains made in the upper stratosphere between 60° N and…

Antarctic Peninsula, peninsula claimed by the United Kingdom, Chile, and Argentina. It forms an 800-mile (1,300-km) northward extension of Antarctica toward the southern tip of South America. The peninsula is ice-covered and mountainous, the highest point being Mount Jackson at 10,446 feet (3,184

Antarctica: Birds: but only three—the emperor penguin, Antarctic petrel, and South Polar (McCormick’s) skua—breed exclusively on the continent or on nearby islands. An absence of mammalian land predators and the rich offshore food supply make Antarctic coasts a haven for immense seabird rookeries. Penguins, of the order Sphenisciformes, symbolize this polar region,…

Antarctica: Antarctica and continental drift: …and jostling of immense crustal plates (see plate tectonics). Modern plate boundaries may be far different from ancient ones presumably marked by old fold belts. Ancient Antarctic mobile belts, such as are followed by today’s Transantarctic Mountains, terminate at continental margins abruptly, as if sliced off, and seemingly reappear in…

Antarctica: The term Antarctic region refers to all area—oceanic, island, and continental—lying in the cold Antarctic climatic zone south of the Antarctic Convergence, an important boundary around 55° S, with little seasonal variability, where warm subtropical waters meet and mix with cold polar waters (see also polar ecosystem).

Antarctica: The term Antarctic region refers to all area—oceanic, island, and continental—lying in the cold Antarctic climatic zone south of the Antarctic Convergence, an important boundary around 55° S, with little seasonal variability, where warm subtropical waters meet and mix with cold polar waters (see also polar ecosystem).

Antarctica: Structural framework: …structural provinces—a long, stable Precambrian shield in East Antarctica and a much younger Mesozoic and Cenozoic mobile belt in West Antarctica—separated by the fault-block belt, or horst, of the Transantarctic Mountains. East and West Antarctica have come to be known respectively as the Gondwana and Andean provinces, indicating general affinities…

Antarctica: The surrounding seas: …cold Antarctic water, called the Antarctic Surface Water, to form a mass with intermediate characteristics called Subantarctic Surface Water. Mixing occurs in a shallow but broad zone of approximately 10° latitude lying south of the Subtropical Convergence (at about 40° S) and north of the Antarctic Convergence (between about 50°…

Antarctic Treaty, (Dec. 1, 1959), agreement signed by 12 nations, in which the Antarctic continent was made a demilitarized zone to be preserved for scientific research. The treaty resulted from a conference in Washington, D.C., attended by representatives of Argentina, Australia, Belgium, Britain,

Antarctica: The Antarctic Treaty: …agreements are collectively called the Antarctic Treaty System (ATS). The granting of consultative status within the Antarctic Treaty, permitting full participation in its operation with that of the original 12 contracting states, depends on long-term scientific commitment. It began in 1977 with the addition of Poland, followed by West Germany…

South American fox: …and the Falkland Island, or Antarctic, wolf (Dusicyon australis), which was hunted to extinction in the late 1800s.

Indian Ocean: Subantarctic and Antarctic zone: The fourth, or subantarctic and Antarctic, zone occupies the belt between latitudes 45° S and 60° S. Steady westerly winds prevail, reaching gale force at times with their passage through deep Antarctic low-pressure zones. The average winter air temperature varies from 43 to…

Antarctica, the world’s southernmost and fifth largest continent. Its landmass is almost wholly covered by a vast ice sheet. Often described as a continent of superlatives, Antarctica is not only the world’s southernmost continent. It is also the world’s highest, driest, windiest, coldest, and

Antares, red, semiregular variable star, with apparent visual magnitude about 1.1, the brightest star in the zodiacal constellation Scorpius and one of the largest known stars, having several hundred times the diameter of the Sun and 10,000 times the Sun’s luminosity. It has a fifth-magnitude blue

anta, in architecture, slightly projecting column at the end of a wall, produced by either a thickening of the wall or attachment of a separate strip. The former type, commonly flanking porches of Greek and Roman temples, is a masonry vestige of the wooden structural posts used to reinforce the

aardvark, (Orycteropus afer), stocky African mammal found south of the Sahara Desert in savanna and semiarid areas. The name aardvark—Afrikaans for “earth pig”—refers to its piglike face and burrowing habits. The aardvark weighs up to 65 kg (145 pounds) and measures up to 2.2 metres (7.2 feet)

antbird, (family Thamnophilidae), any of numerous insect-eating birds of the American tropics (order Passeriformes) known for habitually following columns of marching ants. There are roughly 210 species in some 45 genera. Like their near relatives, the Furnariidae, antbirds are highly diverse; all

12-hour clock: …as am, which stands for ante meridiem, “before midday” in Latin, while the second is referred to using pm, meaning post meridiem, or “after midday.” This nomenclature is based on the position of the Sun in relation to the meridian. In writing, periods can be added or omitted and lowercase…

patristic literature: The pre-Nicene period: During the first three centuries of its existence, the Christian church had first to emerge from the Jewish environment that had cradled it and then come to terms with the predominantly Hellenistic (Greek) culture surrounding it. Its legal position being at best…

Euclidean algorithm, procedure for finding the greatest common divisor (GCD) of two numbers, described by the Greek mathematician Euclid in his Elements (c. 300 bc). The method is computationally efficient and, with minor modifications, is still used by computers. The algorithm involves

anteater, (suborder Vermilingua), any of four species of toothless, insect-eating mammals found in tropical savannas and forests from southern Mexico to Paraguay and northern Argentina. They are long-tailed animals with elongated skulls and tubular muzzles. The mouth opening of the muzzle is small,

mammal: Teeth: …termites, a specialization generally termed myrmecophagy (“ant eating”). Trends frequently associated with myrmecophagy include strong claws, an elongate rounded skull, a wormlike extensible tongue, marked reduction in the mandible (lower jaw), and loss or extreme simplification of the teeth (dentition). This habit has led to remarkably similar morphology among animals…

Black horror: History of Black horror: …period, such as the film Antebellum (2020) and the television shows Lovecraft Country and Them, for their seemingly gratuitous depictions of extreme Black trauma.

valley: Cross-axial drainage: …such relationships is that of antecedence. According to this view, the rivers were already in their present positions when the various anticlinal folds and upwarps began to grow. A relevant analogy is a saw into which a log is being pushed. The saw represents the river and its continuing degradation,…