Agrihan, one of the Mariana Islands and part of the Northern Mariana Islands, a commonwealth of the United States. It lies in the western Pacific Ocean, 350 miles (560 km) north of Guam, and has an area of 18 square miles (47 square km. An active volcano that last erupted in 1917, it rises to 3,166

Agrigento, city, near the southern coast of Sicily, Italy. It lies on a plateau encircled by low cliffs overlooking the junction of the Drago (ancient Hypsas) and San Biagio (Acragas) rivers and is dominated from the north by a ridge with twin peaks. Agrigento was a wealthy ancient city founded

Agrigento, city, near the southern coast of Sicily, Italy. It lies on a plateau encircled by low cliffs overlooking the junction of the Drago (ancient Hypsas) and San Biagio (Acragas) rivers and is dominated from the north by a ridge with twin peaks. Agrigento was a wealthy ancient city founded

Agrihan, one of the Mariana Islands and part of the Northern Mariana Islands, a commonwealth of the United States. It lies in the western Pacific Ocean, 350 miles (560 km) north of Guam, and has an area of 18 square miles (47 square km. An active volcano that last erupted in 1917, it rises to 3,166

emerald ash borer, (Agrilus planipennis), species of beetle (order Coleoptera, family Buprestidae) that is native to East Asia and became a serious pest of ash trees (Fraxinus) in North America. The insect naturally occurs in China, eastern Russia, Mongolia, Taiwan, Japan, and Korea and was

agrimony, (genus Agrimonia), genus of some 12–15 species of perennial herbs in the rose family (Rosaceae). Agrimony species are found primarily in the Northern Hemisphere and have historically been used in folk medicine. Agrimony plants are typically erect and bear toothed alternate leaves. The

agrimony: Common species: Common agrimony, also known as church steeples (Agrimonia eupatoria), is a herbaceous hardy perennial that is native to Europe and North Africa but is widespread in other northern temperate regions. Inhabiting hedge banks and the borders of fields, the plant grows to about 120 cm…

agrimony: Common species: Tall hairy agrimony (A. gryposepala) is a similar species that is widespread in the United States.

agrimony, (genus Agrimonia), genus of some 12–15 species of perennial herbs in the rose family (Rosaceae). Agrimony species are found primarily in the Northern Hemisphere and have historically been used in folk medicine. Agrimony plants are typically erect and bear toothed alternate leaves. The

Cyprus: Plant and animal life: …animal now surviving is the agrino, a subspecies of wild sheep related to the mouflon of the western Mediterranean; it is under strict protection in a small forested area of the Troodos range. Small game is abundant but keenly hunted. Snakes were widespread in ancient times, giving the island the…

turkey: …Agriocharis (or Meleagris) ocellata, the ocellated turkey. For unrelated but similar birds, see bustard (Australian turkey), megapode (brush turkey), and snakebird (water turkey).

Agrionia, (from Greek agrios, “wild,” or “savage”), Greek religious festival celebrated annually at Orchomenus in Boeotia and elsewhere in honour of the wine god Dionysus. The Greek tradition is that the daughters of Minyas, king of Orchomenus, having despised the rites of the god, were driven mad

tyrant flycatcher: The shrike-tyrants (Agriornis) of southern South America take prey as large as mice and small frogs. A number of tyrannids, especially the elaenias, feed extensively on berries and other fruit.

Icelandic literature: The sagas: The Ágriþ, a summary of the histories, or sagas, of Norwegian kings, written in the vernacular in Norway, was particularly influential. The Fagrskinna (“Fine Skin”; Eng. trans. Fagrskinna) covered the same period in more detail, while the Morkinskinna (“Rotten Skin”; Eng. trans. Morkinskinna), probably written earlier,…

Agrippa was an ancient Greek philosophical skeptic. He is famous for his formulation of the five tropes, or grounds for the suspension of judgment, that summarize the method of argument of Greek skeptics generally. Agrippa’s five arguments held that (1) there is a clash of opinions, both in daily

Herod Agrippa I was the king of Judaea (41–44 ce), a clever diplomat who through his friendship with the Roman imperial family obtained the kingdom of his grandfather, Herod I the Great. He displayed great acumen in conciliating the Romans and Jews. After Agrippa’s father, Aristobulus IV, was

Herod Agrippa II was the king of Chalcis in southern Lebanon from 50 ce and tetrarch of Batanaea and Trachonitis in south Syria from 53 ce, who unsuccessfully mediated with the rebels in the First Jewish Revolt (66–70 ce). He was a great-grandson of Herod I the Great. Agrippa II was raised and

Augustus: Expansion of the empire of Augustus: Agrippa Postumus, who had been named his coheir but was later banished, was put to death. The order to kill him may already have been given by Augustus, but this is not certain.

Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa von Nettesheim was a court secretary to Charles V, physician to Louise of Savoy, exasperating theologian within the Catholic Church, military entrepreneur in Spain and Italy, acknowledged expert on occultism, and philosopher. His tempestuous career also included teaching

Herod Agrippa I was the king of Judaea (41–44 ce), a clever diplomat who through his friendship with the Roman imperial family obtained the kingdom of his grandfather, Herod I the Great. He displayed great acumen in conciliating the Romans and Jews. After Agrippa’s father, Aristobulus IV, was

Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa was a powerful deputy of Augustus, the first Roman emperor. He was chiefly responsible for the victory over Mark Antony at the Battle of Actium in 31 bc, and during Augustus’ reign he suppressed rebellions, founded colonies, and administered various parts of the Roman

theatre: The odeum: …the ancient world, was the Odeon of Agrippa, named after the emperor Augustus’ civil administrator. This Roman building in the Athenian agora, dating from about 15 bce, is beautifully detailed, with an open southern exposure and a truncated curvilinear bank of seating. It achieves an atmosphere of great dignity and…

George Frideric Handel: Life: His opera Agrippina enjoyed a sensational success at its premiere in Venice in 1710.

Vipsania Agrippina was the daughter of Marcus Agrippa and Julia (who was the daughter of the emperor Augustus), and a major figure in the succession struggles in the latter part of the reign of Tiberius (ruled ad 14–37). Agrippina was married to Germanicus Caesar (great-nephew of Augustus by

Julia Agrippina was the mother of the Roman emperor Nero and a powerful influence on him during the early years of his reign (54–68). Agrippina was the daughter of Germanicus Caesar and Vipsania Agrippina, sister of the emperor Gaius, or Caligula (reigned 37–41), and wife of the emperor Claudius

Julia Agrippina was the mother of the Roman emperor Nero and a powerful influence on him during the early years of his reign (54–68). Agrippina was the daughter of Germanicus Caesar and Vipsania Agrippina, sister of the emperor Gaius, or Caligula (reigned 37–41), and wife of the emperor Claudius

Vipsania Agrippina was the daughter of Marcus Agrippa and Julia (who was the daughter of the emperor Augustus), and a major figure in the succession struggles in the latter part of the reign of Tiberius (ruled ad 14–37). Agrippina was married to Germanicus Caesar (great-nephew of Augustus by

Icelandic literature: The sagas: The Ágriþ, a summary of the histories, or sagas, of Norwegian kings, written in the vernacular in Norway, was particularly influential. The Fagrskinna (“Fine Skin”; Eng. trans. Fagrskinna) covered the same period in more detail, while the Morkinskinna (“Rotten Skin”; Eng. trans. Morkinskinna), probably written earlier,…

Pontine Marshes, reclaimed area in Latina provincia, Lazio (Latium) regione, south-central Italy, extending between the Alban Hills, the Lepini Mountains, and the Tyrrhenian Sea, and traversed by the Appian Way. Two tribes, the Pomptini and the Ufentini, lived in this district in early Roman times,

Pontine Marshes, reclaimed area in Latina provincia, Lazio (Latium) regione, south-central Italy, extending between the Alban Hills, the Lepini Mountains, and the Tyrrhenian Sea, and traversed by the Appian Way. Two tribes, the Pomptini and the Ufentini, lived in this district in early Roman times,

Bulgaria: Agriculture: …into even larger groupings, called agro-industrial complexes, that took advantage of integrated systems of automation, supply, and marketing.

plant disease: General characteristics: …of plant pathogenic bacteria are Agrobacterium, Clavibacter, Erwinia, Pseudomonas, Xanthomonas, Streptomyces, and Xylella. With the exception of Streptomyces species, all are small, single, rod-shaped cells approximately 0.5 to 1.0 micrometre

crown gall: …disease, caused by the bacterium Agrobacterium tumefaciens (synonym Rhizobium radiobacter). Thousands of plant species are susceptible. They include especially grape, members of the rose family (Rosaceae), shade and nut trees, many shrubs and vines, and perennial garden plants. Symptoms include roundish rough-surfaced galls

agrochemical, Any chemical used in agriculture, including chemical fertilizers, herbicides, and insecticides. Most are mixtures of two or more chemicals; active ingredients provide the desired effects, and inert ingredients stabilize or preserve the active ingredients or aid in application.

origins of agriculture: North America: …but who had developed an agroecosystem. In agroecosystems, people actively planted flora in order to increase the diversity of available plant resources. They also harvested wild grass seeds, separating the grain heads from the stalks by pulling or cutting. The stalks were gathered into sheaves. After harvesting, they burned the…

origins of agriculture: North America: …but who had developed an agroecosystem. In agroecosystems, people actively planted flora in order to increase the diversity of available plant resources. They also harvested wild grass seeds, separating the grain heads from the stalks by pulling or cutting. The stalks were gathered into sheaves. After harvesting, they burned the…

agroforestry, cultivation and use of trees and shrubs with crops and livestock in sustainable agricultural systems. Agroforestry seeks positive interactions between its components, aiming to achieve a more ecologically diverse and socially productive output from the land than is possible through

geōmoroi, class of citizens in ancient Greek society. In 7th-century-bce Attic society, geōmoroi were freemen, generally peasant farm holders, lower on the social and political scale than the eupatridae, the aristocracy, but above the dēmiourgoi, the artisans. The geōmoroi were ineligible for any

Illyria: …most important rulers was King Agron (second half of the 3rd century bce), who, in alliance with Demetrius II of Macedonia, defeated the Aetolians (231). Agron, however, died suddenly, and during the minority of his son, his widow, Teuta, acted as regent. Queen Teuta attacked Sicily and the coastal Greek…

agronomy, branch of agriculture that deals with field crop production and soil management. Agronomists generally work with crops that are grown on a large scale (e.g., small grains) and that require relatively little management. Agronomic experiments focus on a variety of factors relating to crop

Târgu Mureş, city, capital of Mureş judeƫ (county), north-central Romania. It lies in the valley of the Mureş River, in the southeastern part of the Transylvanian Basin. First mentioned in the early 14th century, it was a cattle and crop market town called Agropolis by Greek traders. In the 15th

wheatgrass, (genus Agropyron), genus of wheatlike grasses in the family Poaceae, found throughout the North Temperate Zone. Several species, including desert wheatgrass (Agropyron desertorum) and crested wheatgrass (A. cristatum), are good forage plants and are often used as soil binders in the

wheatgrass: …desert wheatgrass (Agropyron desertorum) and crested wheatgrass (A. cristatum), are good forage plants and are often used as soil binders in the western United States. Wheatgrass is also the name of juice derived from seedlings of true wheat (Triticum aestivum), sometimes consumed as a health food.

wheatgrass: Several species, including desert wheatgrass (Agropyron desertorum) and crested wheatgrass (A. cristatum), are good forage plants and are often used as soil binders in the western United States. Wheatgrass is also the name of juice derived from seedlings of true wheat (Triticum aestivum), sometimes consumed as a health…

quack grass, (Elymus repens), rapidly spreading grass of the family Poaceae. Quack grass is native to Europe and has been introduced to other north temperate areas for forage or erosion control. In cultivated lands, it is often considered a weed because of its persistence. The plant has been used

wheatgrass: … (Pseudoroegneria spicata, formerly Agropyron spicatum), western wheatgrass (Pascopyrum smithii, formerly A. smithii), and slender wheatgrass (Elymus trachycaulus, formerly A. trachycaulum), all of which are useful forage plants.

wheatgrass: These include bluebunch wheatgrass (Pseudoroegneria spicata, formerly Agropyron spicatum), western wheatgrass (Pascopyrum smithii, formerly A. smithii), and slender wheatgrass (Elymus trachycaulus, formerly A. trachycaulum), all of which are useful forage plants.

wheatgrass: smithii), and slender wheatgrass (Elymus trachycaulus, formerly A. trachycaulum), all of which are useful forage plants.

homopteran: Importance: …forewings of a brilliantly coloured Agrosoma leafhopper, found on bushes along streams.

bentgrass, (genus Agrostis), genus of about 150–200 species of annual and perennial grasses in the family Poaceae. Bentgrasses are distributed in temperate and cool parts of the world and at high altitudes in subtropical and tropical areas; at least 40 species are found in North America. Some are

bentgrass: Redtop (Agrostis gigantea), 1 to 1.5 metres (about 3 to 5 feet) tall, was introduced into North America during colonial times as a hay and pasture grass. It spreads by rhizomes and has reddish flowers. The smaller creeping bent (A. stolonifera), the stolons of which…

bentgrass: 9 feet) per season, and Idaho bentgrass (A. idahoensis) are popular lawn grasses. Varieties of both species are planted in golf courses and bowling greens around the world; they are closely cut to develop a finely textured, spongy, firm turf.

creeping bent, (Agrostis stolonifera), perennial grass of the family Poaceae, widely used as a lawn and turf grass. Creeping bent is native to Eurasia and northern Africa and commonly grows in wetlands. The plant is widely naturalized in many places throughout the world and is considered an

agrostology: …German botanist Johann Scheuchzer wrote Agrostographiae Helveticae Prodromus, a taxonomic paper on grasses that some authors consider to mark the birth of agrostology. Many systems of classification followed this brief beginning. The earliest were based purely on external morphology of the plant, but later systems take into consideration the results…

agrostology, the branch of botany concerned with the study of grasses, especially their classification. In 1708 the German botanist Johann Scheuchzer wrote Agrostographiae Helveticae Prodromus, a taxonomic paper on grasses that some authors consider to mark the birth of agrostology. Many systems of

Romania: National communism: …move their residents into so-called agrotechnical centres. As economic and political conditions deteriorated, the position of Romania’s minorities became increasingly precarious. The regime sought to weaken community solidarity among the Hungarians of Transylvania by curtailing education and publication in their own language and by promoting the immigration of Romanians into…

mass transit: New technology: …term automated guideway transit (AGT) is sometimes applied. AGT systems have been built to provide circulation in downtown areas (e.g., Detroit, Michigan, and Miami, Florida, both in the United States) and on a dispersed American college campus (West Virginia University, at Morgantown). The vehicles commonly have rubber tires and…

blood group: Coombs test: When an incomplete antibody reacts with the red cells in saline solution, the antigenic sites become coated with antibody globulin (gamma globulin), and no visible agglutination reaction takes place. The presence of gamma globulin on cells can be detected by the Coombs test,…

José María Arguedas: In Agua (1935; “Water”), a collection of three stories, Arguedas depicts the violent injustices and disorder of the white world as opposed to what he perceived as the peaceful and orderly existence of the exploited but passive Indians. Yawar fiesta (1941; “Bloody Feast”; Eng. trans. Yawar…

Palm Springs, city, Riverside county, southern California, U.S. It lies in the Coachella Valley, at the foot of Mount San Jacinto, which rises to 10,804 feet (3,293 metres). The area originally was inhabited by Cahuilla Indians; it was known to the Spanish as Agua Caliente (“Hot Water”) for its hot

Agua Fria National Monument, area of prehistoric ruins and petroglyphs, central Arizona, U.S., about 40 miles (65 km) north of Phoenix. It was established in 2000 and covers some 111 square miles (287 square km). The monument encompasses the riparian forest canyons of the Agua Fria River (a

avocado, (Persea americana), tree of the family Lauraceae and its edible fruit. Avocados are native to the Western Hemisphere from Mexico south to the Andean regions and are widely grown in warm climates. Avocado fruits have greenish or yellowish flesh with a buttery consistency and a rich nutty

Aguadilla, town, northwestern Puerto Rico. The town is a port on a wide bay formed on the south by the hills of Punta Higüero (Jiguera) and on the north by Punta Borinquen, the northwestern corner of the island. It was established as a town in 1775 and elevated to the royal rank of villa in 1861.

pulque: It is made from fermented aguamiel (“honey water”), the sap of any of several species of the agave, or maguey, plant (often called century plant).

Aguán River, river in northern Honduras, 150 mi (240 km) in length. After rising in the central highlands west of Yoro, it descends to the northeast between the Cerros de Cangreja and the Sierra de la Esperanza to the coastal lowlands, on which it forms a maze of channels and empties into the

Río de la Plata: Physiography of the Uruguay basin: …north to south, are the Aguapey, Miriñay, Mocoretá (which divides Entre Ríos and Corrientes), and Gualeguaychú. The important tributaries of the Uruguay, however, come from the east. The Ijuí, Ibicuí, and the Cuareim are short rivers but of considerable volume; the last forms part of the boundary between Brazil

raccoon: The crab-eating raccoon (P. cancrivorus) inhabits South America as far south as northern Argentina. It resembles the North American raccoon but has shorter, coarser fur. The other members of genus Procyon are not well known. Most are tropical and probably rare. They are the Barbados raccoon…

Aguarico River, river, northeastern Ecuador, rising south of Tulcán, in the Andes mountains near the Ecuador-Colombia border, and flowing east-southeast for approximately 230 miles (370 km) to its juncture with the Napo River at Pantoja. It is navigable for smaller boats. The Rio de Janeiro

South America: Sociological changes: Such groups as the Aguaruna and the Shipibo in eastern Peru have been able to take advantage of programs by which some Indians actually have become the landlords of mestizos. National parks and protected areas have been established for such peoples as the Yanomami of Brazil and Venezuela and…

Aguascalientes, city, capital of Aguascalientes estado (state), central Mexico. It is located in the south-central part of the state on the Mesa Central, 6,194 feet (1,888 metres) above sea level, on the left (east) bank of the Juchipila (Aguascalientes) River. Founded in 1575 and designated a town

Aguascalientes, estado (state), central Mexico. One of Mexico’s smallest states, it is bounded to the west, north, and east by the state of Zacatecas and to the south and southeast by the state of Jalisco. The city of Aguascalientes is the state capital. The Chichimec were the original inhabitants

Aguascalientes: …is the site of the Autonomous University of Aguascalientes (1973). Its annual San Marcos Fair, held each spring, attracts large crowds. Aguascalientes has several notable museums; among them are one dedicated to José Guadalupe Posada (one of Mexico’s best-known cartoonists) and a museum of contemporary art. Pop. (2010) 722,250; metro.…

Taizu was the leader of the nomadic Juchen (Chinese: Nüzhen, or Ruzhen) tribes who occupied north and east Manchuria. He founded the Jin, or Juchen, dynasty (1115–1234) and conquered all of North China. The Juchen were originally vassals of the Mongol-speaking Khitan tribes who had occupied part of

Shas: …Ashkenazi (Jews of European descent)-dominated Agudat Israel, another ultrareligious party, to represent the interests of religiously observant Sephardic (Middle Eastern) Jews. The Sephardim, including many who were not religiously observant, were attracted to the party, particularly in the 1990s, because they saw it as a way to voice their grievances…

Baltasar Gracián: …were clearly set forth in Agudeza y arte de ingenio (1642, 2nd ed. 1648; “Subtlety and the Art of Genius”). In defiance of his superiors, he published pseudonymously El criticón (1651, 1653, 1657; The Critick), a three-part philosophical novel considered by the 19th-century German pessimistic philosopher Arthur Schopenhauer one of…

sassafras, (Sassafras albidum), North American tree of the laurel family (Lauraceae), the aromatic leaf, bark, and root of which are used as a flavoring, as a traditional home medicine, and as a tea. The tree is native to sandy soils from Maine to Ontario and Iowa and south to Florida and Texas.

Ahuachapán, city, western El Salvador, on the small Molino River (with a hydroelectric station) at the foot of La Lagunita Volcano. Originally called Güeciapam by the Indians, it was renamed Agüecha before becoming the town (1823) and the city (1862) of Ahuachapán. A manufacturing and distributing

Twelfth Night: …Belch, and Sir Toby’s friend Sir Andrew Aguecheek—who scheme to undermine the high-minded, pompous Malvolio by planting a love letter purportedly written by Olivia to Malvolio urging him to show his affection for her by smiling constantly and dressing himself in cross-garters and yellow. Malvolio is thoroughly discomfited and even…

Agueda River, river, western Spain. It rises on the northern slopes of the Sierra de Gata and flows 80 miles (130 km), generally northwest, to the Douro River. For the last 15 miles (24 km) of its course, the Agueda forms part of the Portugal-Spain

Agueda River, river, western Spain. It rises on the northern slopes of the Sierra de Gata and flows 80 miles (130 km), generally northwest, to the Douro River. For the last 15 miles (24 km) of its course, the Agueda forms part of the Portugal-Spain

Manchester City FC: 2008 financial takeover: …Kevin De Bruyne, and forward Sergio Agüero.

Henri-François d’ Aguesseau was a jurist who, as chancellor of France during most of the period from 1717 to 1750, made important reforms in his country’s legal system. The son of Henri d’Aguesseau, intendant (royal agent) of Languedoc, he was advocate general to the Parlement (high court of

boneset, (Eupatorium perfoliatum), North American plant in the aster family (Asteraceae). The plant is sometimes grown in rain gardens and attracts butterflies. Boneset tea is a folk remedy for fever, and traditionally the leaves were wrapped around broken bones to promote their healing. Boneset is

Agui was a Chinese general and government official during the middle years of the Qing dynasty in China. The scion of a noble family, Agui directed Chinese military expeditions that quelled uprisings in the western provinces of Sichuan and Gansu. He also conquered Ili and Chinese Turkistan, areas

Agostini v. Felton: …Supreme Court’s earlier decision in Aguilar v. Felton (1985), which had reached exactly the opposite conclusion.

Grace Aguilar was a poet, novelist, and writer on Jewish history and religion, best known for her numerous sentimental novels of domestic life, especially for Home Influence (1847) and The Mother’s Recompense (1851). Aguilar was the daughter of Sephardic Jews. She was tutored in the classics at

Christina Aguilera is an American pop singer who emerged during the teen pop explosion of the late 1990s and experienced almost instant commercial success. Along with Britney Spears and Justin Timberlake, Aguilera got her musical start on the Disney Channel’s The New Mickey Mouse Club. After

Christina Aguilera is an American pop singer who emerged during the teen pop explosion of the late 1990s and experienced almost instant commercial success. Along with Britney Spears and Justin Timberlake, Aguilera got her musical start on the Disney Channel’s The New Mickey Mouse Club. After

Leopoldo Marechal: His first book of poems, Aguiluchos (1922; “Eaglets”), employed Modernista techniques in the treatment of pastoral themes. In Días como flechas (1926; “Days Like Arrows”) and Odas para el hombre y la mujer (1929; “Odes for Man and Woman”), his metaphors and images become more daring in expressing the Ultraista…

Emilio Aguinaldo was a Filipino leader and politician who fought first against Spain and later against the United States for the independence of the Philippines. Aguinaldo was of Chinese and Tagalog parentage. He attended San Juan de Letrán College in Manila but left school early to help his mother

Alien Tort Claims Act: In Aguinda, et al. v. Texaco, for example, a group of Ecuadorian Indians sued the Texaco petroleum corporation in 1993 for having caused severe environmental damage to their homeland through improper oil-exploration and waste-disposal practices. After years of litigation, the Second Circuit agreed (2002) with the…

Chile: The Radical presidencies, 1938–52: The Radical candidate, Pedro Aguirre Cerda, won with the support of a coalition of the left.

Andes Mountains: Physiography of the Central Andes: …cuts the eastern cordillera at Aguirre Gap (latitude 6° S). The Cordillera Oriental ends in the Amazon basin at 5° S.

Werner Herzog: …Aguirre, der Zorn Gottes (1972; Aguirre, the Wrath of God), follows a band of Spanish explorers into unmapped territory, recording their gradual mental and physical self-destruction. Jeder für sich und Gott gegen alle (1975; Every Man for Himself and God Against All or The Mystery of Kaspar Hauser) is a…

Lope de Aguirre was a Spanish adventurer whose name practically became synonymous with cruelty and treachery in colonial Spanish America. Nothing is known of Aguirre’s life prior to 1544, when he arrived in Peru and took part in the Spanish suppression of Indian rebellions and in the wars that

Native American music: Participation in art music: Similarly, the Spanish composer Sebastián de Aguirre included an indigenous Mexican dance called “Tocotín” in a book published in Mexico about 1650 on how to play the cittern (a type of guitar). In the 1700s, European composers such as Carl Heinrich Graun, James Hewitt, and Louis-Emmanuel Jadin produced operas…

Werner Herzog: …Aguirre, der Zorn Gottes (1972; Aguirre, the Wrath of God), follows a band of Spanish explorers into unmapped territory, recording their gradual mental and physical self-destruction. Jeder für sich und Gott gegen alle (1975; Every Man for Himself and God Against All or The Mystery of Kaspar Hauser) is a…

Jean Grolier de Servières, vicomte d’Aguisy was a French bibliophile and patron of bookbinders. Grolier was educated in Paris, served as the treasurer and receiver general of the French army in Italy, and in 1534 was named ambassador to Pope Clement VII. By 1547 he had become one of the four

Yakubu Gowon: Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi, the country’s new leader. Northern officers staged a countercoup in July 1966, and Gowon emerged as the compromise head of the new government.

Caucasian languages: The Lezgian languages: …in Azerbaijan); Tabasaran (about 90,000); Agul (about 12,000); Rutul (about 15,000); Tsakhur (about 11,000); Archi (fewer than 1,000); Kryz (about 6,000); Budukh (about 2,000); Khinalug (about 1,500); and Udi (about 3,700). The majority of Lezgi languages are spoken in southern Dagestan, but some of