Janet Campbell Hale: Bloodlines: Odyssey of a Native Daughter (1993) is a collection of autobiographical essays that reflect on her past and her heritage, with accounts of her paternal grandmother, who was a follower of the Nez Percé leader known as Chief Joseph.

bloodroot, (Sanguinaria canadensis), plant of the poppy family (Papaveraceae), native throughout eastern and midwestern North America. It grows in deciduous woodlands, where it blooms in early spring, and is sometimes cultivated as an ornamental. The orange-red sap of the rhizomes was formerly used

penny dreadful, an inexpensive novel of violent adventure or crime that was especially popular in mid-to-late Victorian England. Penny dreadfuls were often issued in eight-page installments. The appellation, like dime novel and shilling shocker, usually connotes rather careless and second-rate

Bloods, street gang based in Los Angeles that is involved in drugs, theft, and murder, among other criminal activities. The predominately African American gang is traditionally associated with the color red. It is nationally known for its rivalry with the Crips. The gang was formed in the early

Cynthia Ozick: In subsequent books, such as Bloodshed and Three Novellas (1976), Ozick struggled with the idea that the creation of art (a pagan activity) is in direct opposition to principles of Judaism, which forbids the creation of idols. The psychological aftermath of the Holocaust is another theme of her work, especially…

Vin Diesel: …movies with the sci-fi feature Bloodshot (2020).

bloodstone, dark-green variety of the silica mineral chalcedony that has nodules of bright-red jasper distributed throughout its mass. Polished sections therefore show red spots on a dark-green background, and from the resemblance of these to drops of blood it derives its name. Bloodstone was

Myrtales: Economic and ecological importance: …bark; boxes, with rough bark; bloodwoods, with rough scaly bark; gums, with smooth bark; and ironbarks, with hard bark.

bloodworm, any of certain bright red, segmented, aquatic worms of the phylum Annelida. Included are worms of the freshwater genus Tubifex, also known as sludge worms (class Oligochaeta, family Tubificidae), which are used as a tropical-fish food. The marine proboscis worm Glycera (class Polychaeta,

midge: …bloodred, are commonly known as bloodworms. They are important food for aquatic animals, especially trout and young salmon. The nonbiting midge is related to the biting midge, which is in the family Cecidomyiidae (Itonididae); see gall midge.

Bloody Assizes, (1685), in English history, the trials conducted in the west of England by the chief justice, George Jeffreys, 1st Baron Jeffreys of Wem, and four other judges after the abortive rebellion (June 1685) of the Duke of Monmouth, illegitimate son of King Charles II, against his Roman

Arthur James Balfour, 1st earl of Balfour was a British statesman who maintained a position of power in the British Conservative Party for 50 years. He was prime minister from 1902 to 1905, and, as foreign secretary from 1916 to 1919, he is perhaps best remembered for his World War I statement (the

Ma Barker: …included her sons the “Bloody Barkers”—Herman (1894–1927), Arthur, known as “Doc” (1899–1939), and Fred (1902–35)—ranged throughout the Midwestern United States from Minnesota to Texas. All met violent deaths. Ma Barker and Fred were killed at a Florida resort in a gun battle with the FBI, Arthur was killed in…

English literature: Fiction: …resplendently in her short-story collection The Bloody Chamber and Other Stories (1979). Jeanette Winterson also wrote in this vein. Having distinguished herself earlier in a realistic mode, as did authors such as Drabble and Pat Barker, Doris Lessing published a sequence of science fiction novels about issues of gender and…

Harlan, city, seat of Harlan county, southeastern Kentucky, U.S., in the Cumberland Mountains, on the Clover Fork Cumberland River. It was settled in 1819 by Virginians led by Samuel Howard and was known as Mount Pleasant until renamed in 1912 for Major Silas Harlan, who was killed during the

Roger Corman: Other cult classic films: …first experience with LSD, while Bloody Mama (1970) was a violent portrayal of the Ma Barker story, starring Shelley Winters, with Robert De Niro as one of her twisted sons.

Fort Frederica National Monument: …defeated the Spanish at the Battle of Bloody Marsh (1742), ending the Spanish threat to Georgia. Troops were withdrawn in 1748, and the town declined and was completely abandoned by 1758. The monument preserves colonial artifacts in addition to the battle site, the house foundations, and the ruins of the…

Mary I was the first queen to rule England (1553–58) in her own right. She was known as Bloody Mary for her persecution of Protestants in a vain attempt to restore Roman Catholicism in England. The daughter of King Henry VIII and the Spanish princess Catherine of Aragon, Mary as a child was a pawn

vodka: …made with orange juice; the Bloody Mary, with tomato juice; vodka and tonic, a tall drink; and the vodka martini, with vodka substituted for gin.

Rosa Luxemburg was a Polish-born German revolutionary and agitator who played a key role in the founding of the Polish Social Democratic Party and the Spartacus League, which grew into the Communist Party of Germany. As a political theoretician, Luxemburg developed a humanitarian theory of Marxism,

bloody shirt, in U.S. history, the post-Civil War political strategy of appealing to voters by recalling the passions and hardships of the recent war. This technique of “waving the bloody shirt” was most often employed by Radical Republicans in their efforts to focus public attention on

British troops facing protesters on Bloody SundayOn January 30, 1972, a demonstration by thousands of Roman Catholic civil rights supporters in Londonderry (Derry) in Northern Ireland turned violent when British troops opened fire on protesters from positions like the one shown here. Thirteen

Edmund Pettus Bridge: Bloody Sunday: On March 7, as the march began, King’s lieutenant Hosea Williams and John Lewis, the chairman of SNCC, led some 600 peaceful demonstrators onto the Edmund Pettus Bridge. At the east end of the bridge, the marchers encountered sheriff’s deputies, deputized civilian “possemen”…

Black and Tan: Notably, on “Bloody Sunday,” November 21, 1920, the IRA killed at least 14 individuals (most of whom were English and were suspected of being intelligence agents). The Black and Tans took revenge the same afternoon, attacking spectators at a Gaelic football match in Croke Park, Dublin, killing…

Bloody Sunday, (January 9 [January 22, New Style], 1905), massacre in St. Petersburg, Russia, of peaceful demonstrators marking the beginning of the violent phase of the Russian Revolution of 1905. At the end of the 19th century, industrial workers in Russia had begun to organize; police agents,

France: The Commune of Paris: In the course of “Bloody Week” (May 21–28), the Communards resisted, street by street, but were pushed back steadily to the heart of Paris. In their desperation, they executed a number of hostages (including the archbishop of Paris) and in the last days set fire to many public buildings,…

Illinois: Progress and politics since 1900: “Bloody Williamson” county was the site of a feud, beginning in 1868, among five families of Tennessee and Kentucky origin. A dispute over a card game in a tavern near Carbondale grew into an eight-year vendetta fought by ambush or nighttime murder in barnyards, bars, and…

Chicago Heights, city, Cook county, northeastern Illinois, U.S. It is a suburb of Chicago, about 30 miles (50 km) south of downtown. The city’s name derives from its proximity to Chicago and its elevation, which averages 95 feet (29 metres) above the surrounding area. The site was the intersection

bloomery process: …usable product, known as a bloom, may have weighed up to 10 lbs (5 kg). Repeated reheating and hot hammering eliminated much of the slag, creating wrought iron, a much better product. By the 15th century, many bloomeries used low shaft furnaces with waterpower to drive the bellows, and the…

steel: Billet, bloom, beam, and slab: …to 175-millimetre squares or rounds, bloom casters solidify sections of 300 by 400 millimetres, and beam blank casters produce large, dog-bone-like sections that are directly fed into an I-beam or H-beam rolling mill. Huge slab casters solidify sections up to 250 millimetres thick and 2,600 millimetres wide at production rates…

Bloom’s taxonomy: Bloom’s cognitive domains: Bloom’s cognitive taxonomy originally was represented by six different domain levels: (1) knowledge, (2) comprehension, (3) application, (4) analysis, (5) synthesis, and (6) evaluation. All of the Bloom domains focused on the knowledge and cognitive processes. The American educational psychologist David Krathwohl…

Bloom’s taxonomy, taxonomy of educational objectives, developed in the 1950s by the American educational psychologist Benjamin Bloom, which fostered a common vocabulary for thinking about learning goals. Bloom’s taxonomy engendered a way to align educational goals, curricula, and assessments that

Allan Bloom was an American philosopher and writer best remembered for his provocative best-seller The Closing of the American Mind: How Higher Education Has Failed Democracy and Impoverished the Souls of Today’s Students (1987). He was also known for his scholarly volumes of interpretive essays

Allan Bloom was an American philosopher and writer best remembered for his provocative best-seller The Closing of the American Mind: How Higher Education Has Failed Democracy and Impoverished the Souls of Today’s Students (1987). He was also known for his scholarly volumes of interpretive essays

Bloom’s taxonomy: …by the American educational psychologist Benjamin Bloom, which fostered a common vocabulary for thinking about learning goals. Bloom’s taxonomy engendered a way to align educational goals, curricula, and assessments that are used in schools, and it structured the breadth and depth of the instructional activities and curriculum that teachers provide…

Claire Bloom is an English dramatic actress noted for her moving portrayals of Shakespearean heroines. She appeared on stage, in television, and in motion pictures. Bloom studied at the Guildhall School of Music and Drama in London. At age 14 she tried out for the part of Juliet with the

Harold Bloom was an American literary critic known for his innovative interpretations of literary history and of the creation of literature. Bloom’s first language was Yiddish, and he also learned Hebrew before English. He attended Cornell (B.A., 1951) and Yale (Ph.D., 1955) universities and began

Leopold Bloom, fictional character in James Joyce’s novel Ulysses (1922). Bloom is the Odysseus figure (from Homer’s Odyssey) whose wanderings through Dublin during one 24-hour period on June 16, 1904, form the central action of the novel. His name has lent itself to Bloomsday, an annual

water bloom, dense aquatic population of microscopic photosynthetic organisms produced by an abundance of nutrient salts in surface water, coupled with adequate sunlight for photosynthesis. The microorganisms or the toxic substances that they release may discolour the water, deplete its oxygen

Molly Bloom, one of the three central characters in the novel Ulysses (1922) by James Joyce. The novel is constructed as a modern parallel to Homer’s Odyssey, and its central characters are crafted as counterparts to the characters of that ancient Greek epic. The unfaithful wife of Leopold Bloom,

Katy Perry: Personal life: …Perry became engaged to actor Orlando Bloom in 2018. Two years later, they had a daughter.

water bloom, dense aquatic population of microscopic photosynthetic organisms produced by an abundance of nutrient salts in surface water, coupled with adequate sunlight for photosynthesis. The microorganisms or the toxic substances that they release may discolour the water, deplete its oxygen

Michael Bloomberg: Early life and Bloomberg LP: Twenty years later the renamed Bloomberg LP had become a global leader in financial data services. Central to the company’s success was the Bloomberg computer terminal, a comprehensive financial news and information source. The company’s other holdings included the Bloomberg Business News wire service, news radio station WBBR in New…

Bloomberg News, news service based in New York City, New York, known for providing business and economic news to investors and for increasing competition between business newswires. Bloomberg News is operated by Bloomberg LP, a private financial-data services and media company. In 1981 American

Michael Bloomberg is an American businessman and politician, who founded a financial data-services firm and served as mayor of New York City (2002–13). Bloomberg’s father, a Polish immigrant, was a bookkeeper and his mother a secretary. After studying engineering at Johns Hopkins University (B.S.,

Michael Bloomberg is an American businessman and politician, who founded a financial data-services firm and served as mayor of New York City (2002–13). Bloomberg’s father, a Polish immigrant, was a bookkeeper and his mother a secretary. After studying engineering at Johns Hopkins University (B.S.,

baseball: Women in baseball: …barnstorming teams known as “Bloomer Girls” were formed in various parts of the United States and took on amateur and semiprofessional teams that included both men and women.

Amelia Bloomer was an American reformer who campaigned for temperance and women’s rights. Amelia Jenks was educated in a local school and for several years thereafter taught school and was a private tutor. In 1840 she married Dexter C. Bloomer, a Quaker newspaper editor of Seneca county, through

Amelia Bloomer was an American reformer who campaigned for temperance and women’s rights. Amelia Jenks was educated in a local school and for several years thereafter taught school and was a private tutor. In 1840 she married Dexter C. Bloomer, a Quaker newspaper editor of Seneca county, through

Betty Ford was an American first lady (1974–77)—the wife of Gerald Ford, 38th president of the United States—and founder of the Betty Ford Center, a facility dedicated to helping people recover from drug and alcohol dependence. She was noted for her strong opinions on public issues and her candor

bloomers, “rational dress” for women advocated by Amelia Jenks Bloomer in the early 1850s. The entire costume, called the “Bloomer costume” or simply “bloomers,” consisted of a short jacket, a skirt extending below the knee, and loose “Turkish” trousers, gathered at the ankles. The innovation

Carl Sternheim: …first play, Die Hose (The Underpants), was published and performed in 1911 under the title Der Riese (“The Giant”) because the Berlin police had forbidden the original title on the grounds of gross immorality. It has as its main character Theobald Maske. He and others of the Maske family…

iron processing: History: Another design, the high bloomery furnace, had a taller shaft and evolved into the 3-metre- (10-foot-) high Stückofen, which produced blooms so large they had to be removed through a front opening in the furnace.

bloomery process, Process for iron smelting. In ancient times, smelting involved creating a bed of red-hot charcoal in a furnace to which iron ore mixed with more charcoal was added. The ore was chemically reduced (see oxidation-reduction), but, because primitive furnaces could not reach the

Bloomfield, town (township), Hartford county, north-central Connecticut, U.S., just northwest of Hartford. The site, drained by Wash Brook and the Farmington River, was settled about 1660, and the parish of Wintonbury was organized in 1736 from parts of Windsor, Farmington, and Simsbury. In 1835

Bloomfield, township (town), Essex county, northern New Jersey, U.S. It is a northwestern suburb of Newark. Settled in 1660 by Puritans, it was known as Wardsesson (then a ward of Newark) until 1796, when it was renamed for the American Revolutionary general Joseph Bloomfield. During the revolution

Bloomfield Hills, city, Oakland county, southeastern Michigan, U.S. It lies just southeast of Pontiac and northwest of Detroit. The site was settled in 1819 by Amasa Bagley and was known as Bagley’s Corners and Bloomfield Center until the present name was adopted in the 1890s. A farming community

Bloomfield Hills, city, Oakland county, southeastern Michigan, U.S. It lies just southeast of Pontiac and northwest of Detroit. The site was settled in 1819 by Amasa Bagley and was known as Bagley’s Corners and Bloomfield Center until the present name was adopted in the 1890s. A farming community

Leonard Bloomfield was an American linguist whose book Language (1933) was one of the most important general treatments of linguistic science in the first half of the 20th century and almost alone determined the subsequent course of linguistics in the United States. Bloomfield was educated at

blues: Influence: …such American rock musicians as Mike Bloomfield, Paul Butterfield, and the Allman Brothers Band.

Robert Bloomfield was a shoemaker-poet who achieved brief fame with poems describing the English countryside. Born in rural Suffolk but thought too frail to work on the land, Bloomfield was sent to London at age 15 to be apprenticed to a shoemaker. His poem The Farmer’s Boy (1800), written in

Kenneth L. Pike: …and differs, in part, from Bloomfieldian linguistics in that semantic as well as syntactic function is used in identifying tagmemes. Pike later applied tagmemics to matrix of field theory and English rhetoric.

Kermit Bloomgarden was an American producer of dramatic and musical plays that were commercially and critically successful. Bloomgarden graduated in 1926 from New York University and practiced as a certified public accountant for several years before assuming a managerial position with the

meat processing: Oxidation state of iron: …colour in a process called blooming. Blooming is the result of oxygen binding to the iron atom (in this state the myoglobin molecule is called oxymyoglobin). After several days of exposure to air, the iron atom of myoglobin becomes oxidized and loses its ability to bind oxygen (the myoglobin molecule…

Elizabeth Murray: …New York City subway system: Blooming (1996), at 59th Street and Lexington Avenue, Manhattan, and Stream (2001), at Queens’s 23rd Street–Ely Avenue station. She was a recipient of the MacArthur Foundation “genius” grant in 1999.

surface analysis: Blooming: Spatial resolution for surface mapping is limited for several techniques by an intrinsic effect, called blooming, that results from scattering of charged particles in solids. When a beam of highly focused, high-energy charged particles such as electrons strikes a solid and penetrates the surface,…

Bloomington, city, seat (1830) of McLean county, central Illinois, U.S. It is adjacent to Normal (north), about halfway between Chicago and St. Louis, Missouri. The site was settled in 1822 and was known as Keg Grove and later as Blooming Grove for the area’s wildflowers. In 1831 the town was laid

Hayden Carruth: …long poem later published as The Bloomingdale Papers (1975), which was viewed by some critics to be more valuable as a psychiatric document than as a literary one. In it, Carruth uses elements of psychiatric confinement—such as the hospital routines and psychotic interludes—to examine the human condition. Brothers, I Loved…

Bloomington, city, Hennepin county, southeastern Minnesota, U.S. It is a suburb of Minneapolis, located south of the city, and lies on the Minnesota River. Sioux Indians lived there when settlers first arrived. It was settled in 1843 by Peter and Louisa Quinn, who taught farming techniques to the

Bloomington, city, seat (1830) of McLean county, central Illinois, U.S. It is adjacent to Normal (north), about halfway between Chicago and St. Louis, Missouri. The site was settled in 1822 and was known as Keg Grove and later as Blooming Grove for the area’s wildflowers. In 1831 the town was laid

Bloomington, city, seat (1818) of Monroe county, southern Indiana, U.S. It lies 48 miles (77 km) south-southwest of Indianapolis. Laid out in 1818, it is in the centre of the Indiana limestone belt, and extensive stone quarries and mills are nearby. Indiana University (1820), a major element in the

Bloomsburg, town, seat (1846) of Columbia county, east-central Pennsylvania, U.S., on the Susquehanna River and Fishing Creek, 40 miles (64 km) southwest of Wilkes-Barre. Susquehannock (Susquehanna) peoples inhabited the area when settlers began arriving in the mid-18th century. The settlement was

Bloomsbury, residential and academic area in the borough of Camden, London. Bloomsbury is the site of the main administrative buildings of the University of London (notably the imposing Senate House), as well as the British Museum and the British Medical Association. Also located there are the

Bloomsbury group, name given to a coterie of English writers, philosophers, and artists who frequently met between about 1907 and 1930 at the houses of Clive and Vanessa Bell and of Vanessa’s brother and sister Adrian and Virginia Stephen (later Virginia Woolf) in the Bloomsbury district of London,

Ella Reeve Bloor was an American political organizer and writer who was active as an American socialist and communist, both as a candidate for public office and in labour actions in several industries. Ella Reeve grew up in Bridgeton, New Jersey. After her marriage to Lucien Ware in 1881 or 1882

printmaking: The Netherlands: Abraham Blooteling, a pupil of van Dalen II, was also a fine portrait engraver. His major contribution, however, was in the development of the new technique of mezzotint—specifically, the invention of the rocker, the tool used in the technique. He also introduced the mezzotint into…

Wars of the Roses: Competing claims to the throne and the beginning of civil war: The Yorkists were successful at Blore Heath (September 23) but were scattered after a skirmish at Ludford Bridge (October 12). York fled to Ireland, and the Lancastrians, in a packed parliament at Coventry (November 1459), obtained a judicial condemnation of their opponents and executed those on whom they could lay…

Chuck Blore and “Color Radio”: By the time Chuck Blore switched on “Color Radio” in Los Angeles, on KFWB in January 1958, Top 40 had been around for several years. It was Blore, however, who gave it a polish that elevated his stations—and those that imitated them—beyond the ultimately limited…

Franciscus Ludovicus Blosius was a Benedictine monastic reformer and mystical writer. Of noble birth, he was a page at the court of the future emperor Charles V and received his early education from the future pope Adrian VI. In 1520 he entered the Benedictine Order at Liessies, becoming abbot in

Karl Blossfeldt was a German photographer known best for his stark close-up portraits of plants, twigs, seeds, leaves, and other flora. In 1881 Blossfeldt began his studies as an apprentice at the Art Ironworks and Foundry in Mägdesprung, Germany, where he studied sculpture and iron casting. He

Home Alone: Marley (Roberts Blossom), who was rumored to have murdered his family many years ago. The old man wishes Kevin a merry Christmas, sits with him, and tells him he is there to watch his granddaughter sing. He also assures Kevin that there is no truth to…

plant disease: Adverse environment: Blossom-end rot of tomato and pepper is prevalent when soil moisture and temperature levels fluctuate widely and calcium is low.

psittaciform: Importance to humans: …what is now called the blossom-headed parakeet (Psittacula cyanocephala) of India. However, there is no doubt that parrots were associated with humans much earlier, for natives on all continents have had parrots as pets. Parrots of many kinds have been long transported to zoos and private collections. Affluent citizens of…

Kinoshita Keisuke: Hanasaku minato (1943; The Blossoming Port), his first independently directed film, was a major success. Three years later, Osone-ke no asa (1946; A Morning with the Osone Family) established his reputation as one of the most talented postwar directors. In two of his most popular films, Karumen kokyō…

Greer Garson: …include Pride and Prejudice (1940), Blossoms in the Dust (1941, the first time she was teamed with her frequent costar Walter Pidgeon), Random Harvest (1942), and Madame Curie (1943), but the film that cemented her reputation and image was Mrs. Miniver (1942). Filmed during World War II and tailor-made for…

blot drawing, technique in the visual arts of using accidental blots or other aleatory stains on paper as the basis for a drawing. Leonardo da Vinci was one of the first to expound the value of such accidental marks (in his case he referred specifically to marks on walls) as a means of stimulating

sooty mold, plant disease characterized by splotchy black stains or coatings on leaves, stems, and fruit. The black residue of sooty mold is composed of dark fungal threads of a number of ascomycetes, including species of Alternaria, Capnodium, Cladosporium, Fumago, and Scorias. These fungi grow in

printmaking: The Netherlands: Abraham Blooteling, a pupil of van Dalen II, was also a fine portrait engraver. His major contribution, however, was in the development of the new technique of mezzotint—specifically, the invention of the rocker, the tool used in the technique. He also introduced the mezzotint into…

University of Tennessee, state university system based in Knoxville, Tennessee, U.S. It is a comprehensive, land-grant institution of higher education. In addition to the main campus, there are branch campuses at Chattanooga and Martin as well as a health science centre at Memphis. The university

Deism: The English Deists: …the political philosopher Thomas Hobbes, Charles Blount, the earl of Shaftesbury (Cooper), Anthony Collins, Thomas Woolston, Matthew Tindal, Thomas Morgan, Thomas Chubb, and Viscount Bolingbroke, fixed the canon of who should be included among the Deist writers. In subsequent works, Hobbes usually has been dropped from the list and John…

Edward Blount was a publisher and translator who, with Isaac and William Jaggard, printed the First Folio of William Shakespeare’s plays (1623). After serving as an apprentice to London publisher William Ponsonby, Blount in 1588 became a freeman of the Stationers’ Company and opened a bookshop in

Sun Ra was an American jazz composer and keyboard player who led a free jazz big band known for its innovative instrumentation and the theatricality of its performances. Sun Ra, who claimed to have been born on the planet Saturn, grew up in Birmingham, studied piano under noted teacher Fess

Alexander Pope: …incident involving Caryll’s relatives) and Martha Blount, to whom Pope addressed some of the most memorable of his poems and to whom he bequeathed most of his property. But his religion also precluded him from a formal course of education, since Catholics were not admitted to the universities. He was…

Sun Ra was an American jazz composer and keyboard player who led a free jazz big band known for its innovative instrumentation and the theatricality of its performances. Sun Ra, who claimed to have been born on the planet Saturn, grew up in Birmingham, studied piano under noted teacher Fess

dictionary: From 1604 to 1828: …fuller than its predecessors was Thomas Blount’s work of 1656, Glossographia; or, A Dictionary Interpreting All Such Hard Words…As Are Now Used in Our Refined English Tongue. He made an important forward step in lexicographical method by collecting words from his own reading that had given him trouble, and he…

William Blount was the first territorial governor of (1790–96) and later one of the first two U.S. senators from Tennessee (1796–97). Blount served in the North Carolina militia during the Revolutionary War. During the 1780s he was elected to six terms in the North Carolina legislature, represented

whale: …explosive breath known as a blow. Blows are visible because water vapour in the whale’s hot breath condenses when the blow is released.

Penélope Cruz: …starred opposite Johnny Depp in Blow (2001), a film based on the life of George Jung, the most prolific cocaine dealer in the United States during the 1970s. In 2001 Cruz also appeared in Vanilla Sky—a remake of a successful film in which she had earlier starred, Abre los ojos…

Jeff Beck: The critically acclaimed Blow by Blow (1975), produced by Beatles collaborator George Martin, featured an all-instrumental, jazz fusion approach in which Beck’s guitar playing essentially took the place of a lead vocalist. He would record largely without vocals for the rest of his career.

plastic: Extrusion: In the blow extrusion process, polymer molecules are oriented around the circumference of the bag as well as along its length, resulting in a biaxially oriented structure that often has superior mechanical properties over the unoriented material.