• Ballinger, Richard Achilles (American politician)

    Richard A. Ballinger was the U.S. secretary of the interior (1909–11) whose land-use policy contributed to the rift between the conservative and progressive factions in the Republican Party. As the reform mayor of Seattle (1904–06), Ballinger attracted the attention of the Theodore Roosevelt

  • Balliol College (college, University of Oxford, England, United Kingdom)

    John de Balliol: …regarded as the founder of Balliol College, Oxford; he was the father of John de Balliol, king of Scots. The elder John served (1251–55) as guardian of the young Scottish king Alexander III. His loyalty to King Henry III of England in the Barons’ War (1264–67, against rebellious nobles led…

  • Balliol family (British family)

    Balliol family, medieval family that played an important part in the history of Scotland and came originally to England from Bailleul (Somme) in Normandy. Guy de Balliol already possessed lands in Northumberland and elsewhere during the reign of William II of England (1087–1100). Guy’s nephew and

  • Balliol, Edward de (king of Scotland)

    Edward was the son of King John de Balliol of Scotland and claimant to the title of King of Scots, who was crowned in September 1332. Expelled in December 1332, he was restored in 1333–56, having acknowledged Edward III of England as his lord. Edward inherited only the family lands in France and

  • Balliol, John de (Scottish magnate)

    John de Balliol was a Scottish magnate of Norman descent, one of the richest landowners of his time in Britain, who is regarded as the founder of Balliol College, Oxford; he was the father of John de Balliol, king of Scots. The elder John served (1251–55) as guardian of the young Scottish king

  • Balliol, John de (king of Scotland [1250-1313])

    John was the king of Scotland from 1292 to 1296, the youngest son of John de Balliol and his wife Dervorguilla, daughter and heiress of the lord of Galloway. His brothers dying childless, he inherited the Balliol lands in England and France in 1278 and succeeded to Galloway in 1290. In that year,

  • ballista (ancient missile launcher)

    ballista, ancient missile launcher designed to hurl javelins or heavy balls. Ballistas were powered by torsion derived from two thick skeins of twisted cords through which were thrust two separate arms joined at their ends by the cord that propelled the missile. The much smaller carroballistae were

  • ballistic galvanometer

    galvanometer: The ballistic galvanometer is designed to deflect its indicating needle (or mirror) in a way that is proportional to the total charge passing through its moving coil or to a voltage pulse of short duration. Any conventional galvanometer may also be employed as a ballistic type,…

  • ballistic missile (rocket)

    ballistic missile, a rocket-propelled self-guided strategic-weapons system that follows a ballistic trajectory to deliver a payload from its launch site to a predetermined target. Ballistic missiles can carry conventional high explosives as well as chemical, biological, or nuclear munitions. They

  • ballistic missile defense radar

    radar: Ballistic missile defense and satellite-surveillance radars: The systems for detecting and tracking ballistic missiles and orbiting satellites are much larger than those for aircraft detection because the ranges are longer and the radar echoes from space targets can be smaller than echoes from aircraft. Such…

  • Ballistic Missile Early Warning System (radar technology)

    radar: Ballistic missile defense and satellite-surveillance radars: …radar is used in the Ballistic Missile Early Warning System (BMEWS) network, with installations in Alaska, Greenland, and England. BMEWS is designed to provide warning of intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs). Each array antenna measures about 82 feet (25 metres) across and has 2,560 active elements identical to those of the…

  • ballistic pendulum (instrument)

    ballistic pendulum, device for measuring the velocity of a projectile, such as a bullet. A large wooden block suspended by two cords serves as the pendulum bob. When a bullet is fired into the bob, its momentum is transferred to the bob. The bullet’s momentum can be determined from the amplitude of

  • ballistic vest

    bulletproof vest, protective covering worn to protect the torso against bullets. Metal body armour fell into disuse in the 16th and 17th centuries, partly because armour that was effective against bullets was too heavy to be practical. Modern body armour reappeared on a small scale in World War I

  • ballistics (projectiles)

    ballistics, science of the propulsion, flight, and impact of projectiles. It is divided into several disciplines. Internal and external ballistics, respectively, deal with the propulsion and the flight of projectiles. The transition between these two regimes is called intermediate ballistics.

  • ballistite (chemical explosive)

    explosive: Nitrocellulosic explosives: …revolutionary inventions, which he called Ballistite. He mixed 40 percent of a lower nitrogen content, more soluble nitrocellulose, and 60 percent of nitroglycerin. Cut into flakes, this made an excellent propellant, and it continued in use for over 75 years. The British refused to recognize Nobel’s patent and developed a…

  • ballistocardiogram

    ballistocardiography: …movements are recorded photographically (ballistocardiogram, or BCG) as a series of waves. The BCG is one of the most sensitive measures of the force of the heartbeat, and an abnormality appearing in the BCG of an apparently healthy subject aged 40, or younger, may be suggestive of symptomatic coronary…

  • ballistocardiography

    ballistocardiography, graphic recording of the stroke volume of the heart for the purpose of calculating cardiac output. The heartbeat results in motion of the body, which in turn causes movements in a suspended supporting structure, usually a special table or bed on which the subject is lying, and

  • ballistospore

    ballistospore, in fungi, a spore forcibly propelled from its site. The basidiospores of the mushrooms, produced on the gills and on the walls of the spores, are ballistospores. They are shot a very short distance from the vertical walls of the fruiting structure and then drift down. In other fungi,

  • Ballivián, Lake (ancient lake, South America)

    Lake Ballivián, predecessor to modern Lake Titicaca, on the Bolivia-Peru border during the Pleistocene Epoch (approximately 2,600,000 to 11,700 years ago). Its surface is thought to have been at least 100 metres (330 feet) higher than Lake Titicaca’s current level. As the lake drained, it formed

  • ballivus (English law)

    agency: Medieval influence of canon law and Germanic law: …law created the figures of ballivus and attornatus. His position in the household of his master empowered the ballivus to transact commercial business for his master, reminiscent of the power of the slave to bind his master under Roman law. Later the ballivus was given more authority, especially in his…

  • Ballmer, Steve (American businessman)

    Steve Ballmer is an American businessman who was CEO of the computer software company Microsoft Corporation (2000–14). Ballmer graduated from Harvard University in 1977 with bachelor’s degrees in mathematics and economics. After working for two years at consumer products company Procter & Gamble as

  • Ballmer, Steven Anthony (American businessman)

    Steve Ballmer is an American businessman who was CEO of the computer software company Microsoft Corporation (2000–14). Ballmer graduated from Harvard University in 1977 with bachelor’s degrees in mathematics and economics. After working for two years at consumer products company Procter & Gamble as

  • ballo in maschera, Un (opera by Verdi)

    Un ballo in maschera, opera in three acts by Italian composer Giuseppe Verdi (Italian libretto by Antonio Somma) that premiered at the Teatro Apollo in Rome on February 17, 1859. The Italian libretto was hastily adapted from French dramatist Eugène Scribe’s libretto Gustave III; ou, le bal masqué,

  • Ballon de Guebwiller (mountain, France)

    France: The Vosges: …the Ballon de Guebwiller (Mount Guebwiller), with an elevation of 4,669 feet (1,423 metres). To the north the Vosges massif dips beneath a cover of forested sandstone from the Triassic Period (about 250 to 200 million years ago).

  • Ballon, Jean (French dancer)

    Jean Balon was a ballet dancer whose extraordinarily light, elastic leaps reputedly inspired the ballet term “ballon” used to describe a dancer’s ability to ascend without apparent effort and to land smoothly and softly. The ballet term is also thought to derive from the French word ballon

  • Ballonius, Guillaume de (French physician)

    Guillaume de Baillou was a physician and the founder of modern epidemiology, who revived Hippocratic medical practice in Renaissance Europe. As the Dean of the University of Paris medical faculty (1580), he compiled a clear account of epidemics between 1570 and 1579, the first comprehensive work of

  • balloon (aircraft)

    balloon, large airtight bag filled with hot air or a lighter-than-air gas, such as helium or hydrogen, to provide buoyancy so that it will rise and float in the atmosphere. Transport balloons have a basket or container hung below for passengers or cargo. A self-propelled steerable balloon is called

  • balloon angioplasty (medicine)

    atherosclerosis: Treatment: …occlusions can be opened by balloon angioplasty, in which a catheter is inserted to the site of obstruction and a balloon is inflated in order to dilate the artery and flatten the plaque deposits. Passages opened in this way frequently reclose over time, but the chances of this occurring can…

  • Balloon Corps (United States history)

    Balloon Corps, civilian aeronautical unit (1861–63) created during the American Civil War to provide aerial surveillance of Confederate troops for the Union army. Balloons supported Union campaigns from ground stations and naval vessels in the Peninsular Campaign, the capture of Island Number Ten,

  • Balloon Dog (Orange) (sculpture by Koons)

    Jeff Koons: Balloon Dog (Orange) (1990s) sold for $53.4 million in 2013 and Rabbit (1986) went for $90.2 million in 2019, setting records for the most expensive work by a living artist at the time of sale. Koons’s sculpture Bouquet of Tulips, a work featuring a colossal…

  • balloon flight (aviation)

    balloon flight, passage through the air of a balloon that contains a buoyant gas, such as helium or heated air, for which reason it is also known as lighter-than-air free flight. Unmanned balloons have been used to carry meteorological instruments and may be radio-controlled. Manned balloons have a

  • balloon flower (plant)

    balloon flower, (Platycodon grandiflorus), perennial flowering plant of the bellflower family (Campanulaceae), native to East Asia. The plants are commonly cultivated as a garden ornamental and are sometimes grown as a ground cover. The balloon flower gets its name from its balloonlike flower buds.

  • balloon fly (insect)

    balloon fly, (family Acroceridae), any member of a family of flies in the insect order Diptera that are named for their swollen abdomen. It is also characterized by an extremely small head and a humped back. Some adults have a slender proboscis (feeding organ) and feed from flowers, whereas others

  • balloon framing (architecture)

    balloon framing, framework of a wooden building in which the elements consist of small members nailed together. In balloon framing, the studs (vertical members) extend the full height of the building (usually two stories) from foundation plate to rafter plate, as contrasted with platform framing,

  • balloon payment (finance)

    balloon payment, an unusually large payment that is due at the end of a consumer or mortgage loan period. In a loan that is structured with a balloon payment, the borrower makes small monthly payments while interest accrues on the larger remaining balance, causing the payment due at the end of the

  • balloon tuboplasty (medical procedure)

    infertility: Damage of the fallopian tubes: For example, balloon tuboplasty involves the insertion of a catheter through the cervix into the fallopian tube to the point of obstruction; a small deflated balloon is then inserted through the catheter and inflated to dilate the tube. Aqueous dissection (flushing with water) is another method for…

  • balloon vine (plant)

    balloon vine, (species Cardiospermum halicacabum), woody perennial vine in the soapberry family (Sapindaceae) that is native to subtropical and tropical America. It is naturalized and cultivated widely as an ornamental for its white flowers and its nearly globular inflated fruits, which are about

  • Balloonerism (album by Miller)

    Mac Miller: Posthumous releases and legacy: Balloonerism, most of which was recorded in 2014, came out in 2025 with a companion short animated film.

  • ballooning (arthropod locomotion)

    spider: Distribution: This behaviour, called ballooning, occurs in many families and expedites distribution. Some species are distributed in this way around the globe within the bounds of the northern jet stream. Ballooning spiders drift through the air at heights that range from 3 metres (10 feet) or less to more…

  • ballooning (aviation)

    ballooning, unpowered balloon flight in competition or for recreation, a sport that became popular in the 1960s. The balloons used are of plastic, nylon, or polyethylene, and are filled with hydrogen, helium, methane, or hot air. Ballooning began in 1783 with the flight of the Montgolfier brothers’

  • ballot (politics)

    election: Balloting: The ballot makes secret voting possible. Its initial use seems to have been as a means to reduce irregularities and deception in elections. However, this objective could be achieved only if the ballot was not supplied by the voter himself, as was the case…

  • Ballot Act (United Kingdom [1872])

    Ballot Act, (1872) British law that introduced the secret ballot for all parliamentary and municipal elections. The secret ballot was also called the Australian ballot, because it was first used in Australian elections (1856). The British law, which was designed to protect voters from bribery and

  • Ballota nigra (herb)

    horehound: Other species: Black horehound (Ballota nigra), a hairy perennial herb with a fetid odour, belongs to the same family. It has purplish flowers and lacks the woolly white appearance of white horehound. It is sometimes used to adulterate extracts of white horehound. It is native to the…

  • ballotade (horsemanship)

    horsemanship: Dressage: …levade position; and the croupade, ballotade, and capriole, a variety of spectacular airs in which the horse jumps and lands again in the same spot.

  • Ballou, Adin (American theologian)

    Massachusetts Association of Universal Restorationists: …of MAUR’s leading proponents was Adin Ballou (1803–90), Hosea’s cousin and an outstanding advocate of a program of social reform grounded in the New Testament that he called “Practical Christianity.” While most Universalists held restorationist views by the end of the 19th century, internal differences between moderates and hardliners and…

  • Ballou, Hosea (American theologian [1771-1852])

    Hosea Ballou was an American theologian who for more than 50 years was an influential leader in the Universalist church. Converted in 1789 to a belief in universal salvation, he began preaching that doctrine on a Calvinist basis, substituting for John Calvin’s concept of salvation of the “elect” a

  • Ballou, Hosea (American educator [1796–1861])

    Tufts University: Hosea Ballou (1796–1861), nephew of the theologian Hosea Ballou (1771–1852), was joined by Universalist church members in founding Tufts College in 1852 and served as its first president. It was named for its original benefactor, Charles Tufts of Somerville. Women were first admitted in 1892…

  • ballpoint pen (writing implement)

    Patrick Joseph Frawley, Jr.: …purchasing a bankrupt fabricator of ballpoint pen components for $18,000. Ballpoint pens, which had been invented in the mid-1930s, were unpopular at the time: they leaked, the ink smeared, and most of them were expensive. By sponsoring the development of a quick-drying ink and a leakproof pen design, the Frawley…

  • ballroom dance

    ballroom dance, type of social dancing, originally practiced in Europe and the United States, that is performed by couples and follows prescribed steps. The tradition was historically distinguished from folk or country dance by its association with the elite social classes and with invitational

  • Ballroom Marfa (museum, Marfa, Texas, United States)

    Pia Camil: …which she then hung outside Ballroom Marfa, a contemporary museum, while an audio recording played the stories of the donated pieces. The project provided residents an opportunity to discuss and celebrate their clothing, which Camil described as intimate items that carry the wearers’ sweat and secrets.

  • Ballroom of Romance, The (story by Trevor)

    William Trevor: …Cake, and Other Stories (1967); The Ballroom of Romance, and Other Stories (1972), which became a modern classic and was made into an award-winning television play in 1982; Angels at the Ritz, and Other Stories (1975); The Hill Bachelors (2000); Cheating at Canasta (2007); and Last Stories (2018), his final…

  • Balls of Fury (film by Garant [2007])

    James Hong: Career: …in the sports comedy film Balls of Fury. In the Kung Fu Panda films (2008, 2011, and 2016), Hong voiced the character of Mr. Ping, the main character’s adoptive father. In 2022 he played the role of Gong Gong, the father of protagonist Evelyn Wang (played by Michelle Yeoh) in…

  • Balls, Ed (British politician)

    Ed Balls is a British politician who was a member of the Labour Party, particularly involved in economic policy. His various government posts included shadow chancellor (2011–15). Balls attended schools in Norwich and Nottingham before studying at Keble College, Oxford, where he earned (1988) a

  • Balls, Edward Michael (British politician)

    Ed Balls is a British politician who was a member of the Labour Party, particularly involved in economic policy. His various government posts included shadow chancellor (2011–15). Balls attended schools in Norwich and Nottingham before studying at Keble College, Oxford, where he earned (1988) a

  • Balluat, Paul-Henri-Benjamin, baron de Constant de Rébecque d’Estournelles (French diplomat)

    Paul-H.-B. d’Estournelles de Constant was a French diplomat and parliamentarian who devoted most of his life to the cause of international cooperation and in 1909 was co-winner (with Auguste-Marie-François Beernaert) of the Nobel Prize for Peace. In the French diplomatic service he reached the rank

  • Bally (India)

    Bally, city, southeastern West Bengal state, northeastern India. It lies on the west bank of the Hugli (Hooghly) River, opposite Baranagar, and is part of the Haora (Howrah) urban agglomeration as well as the larger Kolkata (Calcutta) metropolitan area. Bally was constituted a municipality in 1883.

  • Bally, Charles (Swiss philologist)

    stylistics: …the ideas that derive from Charles Bally (1865–1947), the Swiss philologist, and Leo Spitzer (1887–1960), the Austrian literary critic. According to followers of these thinkers, style in language arises from the possibility of choice among alternative forms of expression, as for example, between “children,” “kids,” “youngsters,” and “youths,” each of…

  • Ballycastle (Northern Ireland, United Kingdom)

    Ballycastle, town, Causeway Coast and Glens district, Northern Ireland. It is situated along Ballycastle Bay, opposite Rathlin Island, where Robert the Bruce, king of Scotland, is said to have hidden in a cave. Ballycastle is at the mouth of Glenshesk and close to Knocklayd (1,695 feet [517

  • Ballyman Church (church, Ireland)

    Bray: The remains of Ballyman Church, rebuilt in the 12th and 13th centuries, are nearby in the Bray River valley. The area has electronics and engineering industries. Pop. (2002) 26,244; (2011) 26,852.

  • Ballymena (Northern Ireland, United Kingdom)

    Ballymena, town, Mid and East Antrim district, Northern Ireland. Founded in 1626, it lies in the River Main valley 24 miles (40 km) northwest of the city of Belfast. The town is the market centre for the surrounding countryside and has been long known for its production of linens and woolens; more

  • Ballymena (former district, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom)

    Ballymena, former district (1973–2015) within the former County Antrim, now in the Mid and East Antrim district, northeastern Northern Ireland. The former district of Ballymena bordered the former districts of Magherafelt to the west, Ballymoney and Moyle to the north, Larne to the east, and Antrim

  • Ballymoney (Northern Ireland, United Kingdom)

    Ballymoney, town and former district (1973–2015) within the former County Antrim, now part of Causeway Coast and Glens district, northern Northern Ireland. The town of Ballymoney, located on the eastern side of the valley on a tributary of the River Bann, was the birthplace of James McKinley,

  • Ballymoney (former district, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom)

    Ballymoney: Ballymoney town is now a thriving agricultural centre with textile and engineering industries as well as several bacon- and ham-processing plants.

  • Ballymun (Ireland)

    Dublin: After national independence: …developments in the towns of Ballymun and Ballyfermot; unfortunately, these proved no more immune to the crime and vandalism that plagued such buildings practically everywhere. Recognizing this, in the early 21st century Dublin City Council approved the demolition of nearly all the tower buildings in Ballymun as part of a…

  • Ballynahinch (Northern Ireland, United Kingdom)

    Down: …has some textile industry, while Ballynahinch, located farther west, has agricultural machinery and metal-fabrication industries. Newcastle in the south and Killyleagh in the east are popular seaside resorts. Tollymore Forest Park, about 1,200 acres (500 hectares) of forest on the slopes of the Mourne Mountains in southern Down, was the…

  • balm (several herbs of the mint family)

    balm, any of several aromatic herbs of the mint family, grown for their fragrant leaves. The best-known balm plant is Melissa officinalis, also called balm gentle or lemon balm, which is cultivated in temperate climates and used as a scent in perfumery, as a flavouring in such foods as salads,

  • balm (herb, Melissa officinalis)

    lemon balm, (Melissa officinalis), aromatic herb of the mint family (Lamiaceae), grown for its lemon-scented fragrant leaves. Lemon balm is native to the Mediterranean region and Central Asia and has naturalized in parts of North America and elsewhere. It is widely cultivated in temperate climates

  • balm fir (tree)

    Canada balsam: …greenish liquid exuded by the balsam fir of North America, Abies balsamea. It is actually a turpentine, belonging to the class of oleoresins (natural products consisting of a resin dissolved in an essential oil), and not a balsam.

  • balm gentle (herb, Melissa officinalis)

    lemon balm, (Melissa officinalis), aromatic herb of the mint family (Lamiaceae), grown for its lemon-scented fragrant leaves. Lemon balm is native to the Mediterranean region and Central Asia and has naturalized in parts of North America and elsewhere. It is widely cultivated in temperate climates

  • Balm in Gilead (work by Wilson)

    Lanford Wilson: Balm in Gilead (1965), Wilson’s first full-length play, is set in a crowded world of hustlers and junkies. The Rimers of Eldritch (1967) examines life in a small town.

  • balm of Gilead (herb)

    balm: Balm of Gilead, or balm of Mecca, is the myrrhlike resin from Commiphora gileadensis of the Arabian Peninsula. The balsam fir (Abies balsamea) is sometimes called balm fir, or balm of Gilead fir, and the balm of Gilead poplar (Populus X jackii) is related to…

  • balm of Gilead poplar (tree)

    poplar: Common species: The buds of the balm of Gilead poplar (P. ×jackii), which is similar, are used to make an ointment. The western balsam poplar, also called black cottonwood (P. trichocarpa), grows some 60 metres (195 feet) tall and is one of the largest deciduous trees of northwestern North America.

  • Balmaceda, José Manuel (president of Chile)

    José Manuel Balmaceda was a liberal reformer and president of Chile (1886–91) whose conflict with his legislature precipitated a civil war in 1891. Balmaceda was elected to the Chilean congress from the Liberal Party in 1870. While serving in the cabinet of President Domingo Santa María (1881–86),

  • Balmaceda, Pedro (American actor)

    Pedro Pascal is a Chilean-born American actor who became famous with a series of hugely popular TV shows, including Narcos (2015–17), The Mandalorian (2019– ), and The Last of Us (2023– ). He is especially known for portraying antiheroic father figures. Pedro Balmaceda (as he was originally known)

  • Balmain, Pierre (French couturier)

    Pierre Balmain was a French couturier who in 1945 founded a fashion house that made his name a byword for elegance. His clients included the Duchess of Windsor, the Queen of Belgium, and many of the leading film stars of the 1950s, as well as the experimental writer Gertrude Stein and her

  • Balmain, Pierre-Alexandre-Claudius (French couturier)

    Pierre Balmain was a French couturier who in 1945 founded a fashion house that made his name a byword for elegance. His clients included the Duchess of Windsor, the Queen of Belgium, and many of the leading film stars of the 1950s, as well as the experimental writer Gertrude Stein and her

  • Balmat, Jacques (French mountaineer)

    mountaineering: History: …Michel-Gabriel Paccard, and his porter, Jacques Balmat. A year later de Saussure himself climbed to the summit of Mont Blanc. After 1850 groups of British climbers with Swiss, Italian, or French guides scaled one after another of the high peaks of Switzerland. A landmark climb in the growth of the…

  • Balmer series (physics)

    atom: Bohr’s shell model: The model also explains the Balmer formula for the spectral lines of hydrogen. The light energy is the difference in energies between the two orbits in the Bohr formula. Using Einstein’s formula to deduce the frequency of the light, Bohr not only explained the form of the Balmer formula but…

  • Balmer, Johann Jakob (Swiss mathematician)

    Johann Jakob Balmer was a Swiss mathematician who discovered a formula basic to the development of atomic theory and the field of atomic spectroscopy. A secondary-school teacher in Basel from 1859 until his death, Balmer also lectured (1865–90) on geometry at the University of Basel. In 1885 he

  • Balmer-alpha line (spectroscopy)

    Stark effect: …the characteristic spectral lines, called Balmer lines, of hydrogen were split into a number of symmetrically spaced components, some of which were linearly polarized (vibrating in one plane) with the electric vector parallel to the lines of force, the remainder being polarized perpendicular to the direction of the field except…

  • Balmes, Jaime Luciano (Spanish philosopher)

    Jaime Luciano Balmes was an ecclesiastic, political writer, and philosopher whose liberal ideas were strongly opposed by conservative Roman Catholics. Receiving a doctorate in civil and canon law from the University of Cervera, Balmes returned to Vich and taught physics and mathematics. In Madrid

  • Balmont, Konstantin (Russian poet)

    Russia: The 20th century: included the poets Valery Bryusov, Konstantin Balmont, and Zinaida Gippius. The second, more mystically and apocalyptically oriented generation included Aleksandr Blok (perhaps the most talented lyric poet Russia ever produced), the poet and theoretician Vyacheslav Ivanov, and the poet and prose writer

  • Balmoral Castle (castle, Aberdeenshire, Scotland, United Kingdom)

    Balmoral Castle, private residence of the British sovereign, on the right bank of the River Dee, Aberdeenshire, Scotland, at 926 feet (282 metres) above sea level. After its acquisition (1852) by Albert, the prince consort (husband of Queen Victoria), the small castle then on the land was replaced

  • Balnaves, Henry (Scottish politician)

    Henry Balnaves was a politician and diplomat who was one of the chief promoters of the Reformation in Scotland. Converted to Protestantism while on the European continent, Balnaves favoured an Anglo-Scottish alliance, ecclesiastical reform, and a vernacular Bible. After returning to Scotland, he

  • Baloch (people)

    Baloch, group of tribes speaking the Balochi language and estimated at about five million inhabitants in the province of Balochistān in Pakistan and also neighbouring areas of Iran and Afghanistan. In Pakistan the Baloch people are divided into two groups, the Sulaimani and the Makrani, separated

  • Balochi language

    Balochi language, one of the oldest living languages of the Indo-Iranian group of the Indo-European languages. A West Iranian language, Balochi is spoken by about nine million people as a first or second language in Pakistan, Afghanistan, Iran, India, and Baloch diaspora communities. Balochi is

  • Balochi rug

    Baluchi rug, floor covering woven by the Baloch people living in Afghanistan and eastern Iran. The patterns in these rugs are highly varied, many consisting of repeated motifs, diagonally arranged across the field. Some present a maze of intricate latch-hooked forms. Prayer rugs, with a simple

  • Balochistan (province, Pakistan)

    Balochistan, westernmost province of Pakistan. It is bordered by Iran (west), by Afghanistan (northwest), by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Punjab provinces (northeast and east), by Sindh province (southeast), and by the Arabian Sea (south). Although an indigenous population of the region passed through

  • Balochistan (region, Iran)

    Baluchistan, traditional region of southeastern Iran, the greater part of which is in Sīstān va Balūchestān ostān (province). With harsh physical and social conditions, the region is among the least developed in Iran. Precipitation, scarce and falling mostly in violent rainstorms, causes floods and

  • Balochistān Plateau (plateau, Pakistan)

    Pakistan: The Balochistan plateau: The vast tableland of Balochistan contains a great variety of physical features. In the northeast a basin centered on the towns of Zhob and Loralai forms a trellis-patterned lobe that is surrounded on all sides by mountain ranges. To the east and southeast…

  • Balochistan Students Union (Pakistani organization)

    Pakistan: Political process: …Front in Sindh, and the Balochistan Students Union in Balochistan.

  • Balochistan, University of (university, Quetta, Pakistan)

    Balochistan: The University of Balochistan was established in Quetta in 1970. The Balochi Academy and the Pashto Academy, also in Quetta, promote the preservation of traditional cultures. Area 134,051 square miles (347,190 square km). Pop. (2003 est.) 7,450,000.

  • Balodis, Jānis (Latvian politician)

    Jānis Balodis was an army officer and politician who was a principal figure in the foundation and government of independent Latvia. He was commander in chief of the army and navy in Latvia’s war of independence and later was a cabinet member and vice president. Graduated from the military academy

  • Balon, Jean (French dancer)

    Jean Balon was a ballet dancer whose extraordinarily light, elastic leaps reputedly inspired the ballet term “ballon” used to describe a dancer’s ability to ascend without apparent effort and to land smoothly and softly. The ballet term is also thought to derive from the French word ballon

  • Baloochi rug

    Baluchi rug, floor covering woven by the Baloch people living in Afghanistan and eastern Iran. The patterns in these rugs are highly varied, many consisting of repeated motifs, diagonally arranged across the field. Some present a maze of intricate latch-hooked forms. Prayer rugs, with a simple

  • balopwe (Luba paramount chief title)

    Luba: …by a paramount chief (bulopwe or balopwe), although smaller independent chiefdoms already existed. The Luba empire was fragmented by Belgian colonization between 1880 and 1960, and the breakdown of the empire resulted in the development either of smaller chiefdoms or of small autonomous local lineage groups.

  • Balor (Celtic mythology)

    Balor, in Celtic mythology, chief of the chaotic race of Fomoire—the demonic race that threatened the Irish people until they were subdued in the second great battle of Mag Tuired (Moytura). When Balor was a boy, he looked into a potion being brewed by his father’s Druids, and the fumes caused him

  • Balovedu (people)

    Lovedu, a Bantu-speaking people of Northern province, S.Af. Their immediate neighbours include the Venda and the Tsonga. Agriculture is their major economic activity, with corn (maize), millet, squash, and peanuts (groundnuts) cultivated by hoe. Animal husbandry is a secondary means of food

  • Balqash (Kazakhstan)

    Balqash, city, east-central Kazakhstan. The city is a landing on the north shore of Lake Balqash (Balkhash). Balqash is a major centre of nonferrous (copper, predominantly, and molybdenum) metallurgy. It came into being in 1937 in connection with the construction of large copper-smelting works for

  • Balqash, Lake (lake, Kazakhstan)

    Lake Balkhash, lake, situated in east-central Kazakhstan. The lake lies in the vast Balqash-Alaköl basin at 1,122 feet (342 m) above sea level and is situated 600 miles (966 km) east of the Aral Sea. It is 376 miles (605 km) long from west to east. Its area varies within significant limits,