Comcast, major multinational telecommunications and entertainment conglomerate, the largest in the United States as of 2022. Its headquarters are in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Comcast was founded in 1963 by Ralph J. Roberts, Daniel Aaron, and Julian A. Brodsky as a small cable system in Tupelo,

Robert A.M. Stern: He built several skyscrapers, notably Comcast Center (2008), Philadelphia, and Tour Carpe Diem (2013), Courbevoie, France. Stern was also selected to design the George W. Bush Presidential Center (2013) at Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas, and the Museum of the American Revolution (2017), Philadelphia. Acutely aware of the expectations for…

Comcast, major multinational telecommunications and entertainment conglomerate, the largest in the United States as of 2022. Its headquarters are in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Comcast was founded in 1963 by Ralph J. Roberts, Daniel Aaron, and Julian A. Brodsky as a small cable system in Tupelo,

Betty Comden and Adolph Green: Comden studied dramatics at New York University (B.S., 1938). Green attended New York public schools and, during the Great Depression, found his first job as a Wall Street runner. Comden and Green met in 1938 while both were making the rounds of theatrical agents. The…

Betty Comden and Adolph Green were an American musical-comedy team who wrote scripts—and often the lyrics—for many Broadway shows and Hollywood film musicals. They were paired together longer than any other writing team in the history of Broadway. Comden studied dramatics at New York University

Sheldon Adelson: In 1979 Interface launched COMDEX (Computer Dealers Exposition), a computer industry trade show, even though Adelson himself claimed no expertise in computers. COMDEX convened annually in Las Vegas and soon became one of the world’s largest trade shows in its field and the first building block of the Adelson…

Howard Hawks: Films of the mid-1930s of Howard Hawks: The lively Come and Get It (1936), from an Edna Ferber novel, was shot primarily by Hawks, but toward the end of the production, Samuel Goldwyn fired him (or Hawks quit; their accounts of the event differed), and William Wyler shot the final scenes.

Samuel Beckett: The humour and mastery: Come and Go (1967), a playlet, or “dramaticule,” as he called it, contains only 121 words that are spoken by the three characters. The prose fragment “Lessness” consists of but 60 sentences, each of which occurs twice. His series Acts Without Words are exactly what…

Michael Caine: …appeared in the fantasy film Come Away, and that year he also reunited with Nolan on Tenet, a sci-fi thriller. His credits from 2021 included the dramedy Best Sellers, in which he portrayed a reclusive writer.

Norah Jones: Jones debuted in 2002 with Come Away with Me, a mellow, acoustic pop album featuring several recognized jazz musicians. A critical and commercial success, the album eventually sold more than 20 million copies worldwide, and it earned six Grammy Awards, including album of the year and both record of the…

Robert Altman: 1980s and ’90s of Robert Altman: …took 19 days to film Come Back to the 5 & Dime, Jimmy Dean, Jimmy Dean (1982), a play he had directed on Broadway. Black, Sandy Dennis, and Cher starred. Streamers (1983), adapted by David Rabe from his Broadway play, focused on a group of army inductees waiting in their…

Miriam Makeba: …appearance in the documentary film Come Back, Africa (1959) attracted the interest of Harry Belafonte and other American performers. With their help, Makeba in 1959 settled in the United States, where she embarked on a successful singing and recording career. She sang a variety of popular songs but especially excelled…

Daniel Mann: …movie was an adaptation of Come Back, Little Sheba (1952). Shirley Booth reprised her stage role as the desperately unhappy wife of an alcoholic (played by Burt Lancaster). Booth won the Academy Award for best actress, and Terry Moore was also nominated for best supporting actress. Booth returned for the…

Come Back, Little Sheba, drama in two acts by William Inge, published in 1949 and first performed in 1950. The play centres on the frustrated lives of Doc and Lola. Trapped in a barren 20-year-old marriage, Doc drowns his disappointment in alcohol and fantasizes about Marie, their young boarder.

Neil Simon: In 1961 Neil’s autobiographical play Come Blow Your Horn opened on Broadway and became a smash success, running for two years. The plays that followed proved extremely popular with audiences and usually had very long runs on Broadway. They included Barefoot in the Park (1963; film 1967); The Odd Couple…

Norman Lear: …and producing movies such as Come Blow Your Horn (1963); Divorce American Style (1967), for which he received an Academy Award nomination for best screenplay; Cold Turkey (1971), which he also directed; and the television film The Little Rascals (1977).

the Kinks: “Come Dancing” (1983), inspired by Davies family history, was a hit in both the United Kingdom and the United States. Thereafter, despite the departure of all the original members except the Davies brothers, the Kinks continued to record and perform until they disbanded in 1996.…

Gordon Douglas: Warner Brothers: Other films from 1951 were Come Fill the Cup—about alcoholism, featuring Cagney and a memorable performance by Gig Young—and the red-baiting drama I Was a Communist for the FBI, with Frank Lovejoy as an undercover agent who infiltrates the Communist Party. Strangely, the latter film was nominated for an Academy…

Shania Twain: Come On Over and Up!: For her third album, Come On Over (1997), Twain produced chart-topping hits on both the country and pop charts, including “You’re Still the One” and “Man! I Feel Like a Woman.” The following year she embarked on her first tour of North America. By 1999 Come On Over had…

Ritchie Valens: His first hit, “Come On, Let’s Go” (1958), was followed later that year by “Donna,” a ballad written for an ex-girlfriend, and “La Bamba,” Valens’s best-remembered recording, a rock and roll reworking of a traditional Mexican wedding song, sung in Spanish (though Valens hardly spoke the language). He…

Steve Reich: …It’s Gonna Rain (1965) and Come Out (1966), allowed Reich to observe interlocking rhythmic patterns that he would later reproduce compositionally; some of his works even combined both live and taped performers. Reich drew additional inspiration from American vernacular music, especially jazz, as well as ethnic and ancient musics; he…

Motown: …Our Love Go,” “Baby Love,” “Come See About Me” (all 1964), “Stop! In the Name of Love,” “Back in My Arms Again,” “I Hear a Symphony” (all 1965), and “You Can’t Hurry Love” (1966). Not only were they the second most successful singing group of the decade—surpassed only by the…

Robert Mulligan: Next was Come September (1961), a sprightly romantic comedy set in Italy; it starred Rock Hudson as a wealthy businessman, Gina Lollobrigida as his mistress, and Bobby Darin (in his first credited film role) and Sandra Dee as young lovers. The film was a box-office hit, but…

Dick Francis: (1991), Decider (1993), Come to Grief (1995), To the Hilt (1996), 10 Lb. Penalty (1997), Second Wind (1999), Shattered (2000), and Under Orders (2006). Late in life he began coauthoring novels with his son Felix, including Dead Heat (2007), Silks (2008), and Even Money (2009).

Henry Koster: Films of the 1940s: The sentimental comedy Come to the Stable (1949), adapted from a Clare Boothe Luce story, cast Young and Celeste Holm as transplanted French nuns trying to raise money for a children’s hospital in the New England town of Bethlehem. The popular The Inspector General (1949) featured Danny Kaye…

Remembering the American Civil War: Walt Whitman: Come Up from the Fields Father: The Civil War had a great impact on Walt Whitman’s life. He moved to Washington in 1863 and, after volunteering as a wound dresser in Washington hospitals, determined to devote his life to war service. His experiences during the…

Christology: The Middle Ages through the 19th century: In his Come, Lord Jesus, Be Our Guest (1884), an iconographic Jesus with a slight halo approaches the dinner table of a Bavarian farmhouse. Uhde’s approach was adopted by his contemporaries Jean Beraud, Odette Pauvret, and Christian Skredsvig as well as by later artists such as Édouard…

Dick Francis: Later novels included Comeback (1991), Decider (1993), Come to Grief (1995), To the Hilt (1996), 10 Lb. Penalty (1997), Second Wind (1999), Shattered (2000), and Under Orders (2006). Late in life he began coauthoring

Joe Montana is an American football player who was one of the greatest quarterbacks in the history of the National Football League (NFL). Montana led the San Francisco 49ers to four Super Bowl victories (1982, 1985, 1989, 1990) and was named the Super Bowl’s Most Valuable Player (MVP) three times.

Morgan Freeman: In The Comeback Trail (2020), Freeman starred with De Niro and Tommy Lee Jones and was cast as a mob boss. His credits from 2021 include the crime thriller Vanquish, the action comedy The Hitman’s Wife’s Bodyguard, and the sci-fi anthology TV series Solos. He starred…

Comecon, organization established in January 1949 to facilitate and coordinate the economic development of the eastern European countries belonging to the Soviet bloc. Comecon’s original members were the Soviet Union, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland, and Romania. Albania joined in

Pamirs, highland region of Central Asia. The Pamir mountain area centres on the nodal orogenic uplift known as the Pamir Knot, from which several south-central Asian mountain ranges radiate, including the Hindu Kush, the Karakoram Range, the Kunlun Mountains, and the Tien Shan. Most of the Pamirs

comedia, a Spanish regular-verse drama or comedy. Specific forms include the comedia de capa y espada, a cloak-and-sword comedy of love and intrigue, and the comedia de figuron, a form in which the emphasis is placed on one particular character, who is presented as an exaggerated personification of

La Celestina, Spanish dialogue novel, generally considered the first masterpiece of Spanish prose and the greatest and most influential work of the early Renaissance in Spain. Originally published in 16 acts as the Comedia de Calisto y Melibea (1499; “Comedy of Calisto and Melibea”) and shortly

cloak and sword drama, 17th-century Spanish plays of upper middle class manners and intrigue. The name derives from the cloak and sword that were part of the typical street dress of students, soldiers, and cavaliers, the favourite heroes. The type was anticipated by the plays of Bartolomé de Torres

Francisco de Rojas Zorrilla: …new kind of play, the comedia de figurón, in which an eccentric is the chief figure. At their best, his plays have a sense of life and animation that is lacking in other drama influenced by Calderón.

Bartolomé de Torres Naharro: …of a Roman cardinal; the Comedia Himenea, based on the novel La Celestina, has been said to constitute the greatest single step toward the creation of the Golden Age comedia. Torres Naharro’s work, nevertheless, differs radically in spirit from that of his successors in the Golden Age.

Leandro Fernández de Moratín: …dramatic criticism, as seen in La comedia nueva (1792; “The New Comedy”), in which he satirizes the absurd characters and plots of the popular plays of the time, and attacks on excessive parental authority and marriages of convenience, as seen in El sí de las niñas (1806; The Maiden’s Consent).…

Bartolomé de Torres Naharro: His Comedia tinellaria (“Comedy of the Kitchen”) is a brilliant satire on the corruption and intrigue in the palace of a Roman cardinal; the Comedia Himenea, based on the novel La Celestina, has been said to constitute the greatest single step toward the creation of the…

Jakob Ayrer: …of the Theatre”), of which Comedia von der schönen Sidea (c. 1600; “Comedy of the Beautiful Sidea”) is often cited for the affinities it bears to William Shakespeare’s The Tempest.

Maurizio Cattelan: Comedian: In 2019 Cattelan’s conceptual piece Comedian caused a sensation when it was displayed at the 2019 Art Basel Miami, an annual international art fair. Simply consisting of a banana duct-taped to a wall, the work was sold in an edition of three for $120,000 for the first two and $150,000…

Jerry Seinfeld: Later activities: …documented in such films as Comedian (2002), Jerry Before Seinfeld (2017), and Jerry Seinfeld: 23 Hours to Kill (2020). He wrote SeinLanguage (1993), a best-selling book of humorous observations; the children’s book Halloween (2002); and Is This Anything? (2020), a collection of the comedic material he created throughout his career.…

Edie Falco: Falco’s later film credits included The Comedian (2016), Landline (2017), and Megan Leavey (2017). In 2018 she appeared as the estranged wife of a man facing a midlife crisis in The Land of Steady Habits. She then starred in the TV series Tommy (2020), about the first female chief of…

Jerry Seinfeld: Later activities: …hosted the popular Web series Comedians in Cars Getting Coffee (2012– ), in which he talked with various comedians.

Lillian Gish: …Hunter (1955), The Unforgiven (1960), The Comedians (1967), A Wedding (1978), Hambone and Hillie (1984), Sweet Liberty (1986), and her final film, The Whales of August (1987), with Bette Davis. She also appeared on television in a number of distinguished dramatic presentations, most notably in Arsenic and Old Lace with…

The Comedians, novel concerning the need for courage in the face of evil by Graham Greene, published in 1966. The story is set in Haiti in the mid-1960s, during the regime of the brutal dictator François Duvalier. It is narrated by Brown, a ne’er-do-well who has inherited a failing hotel near the

stand-up comedy: The British tradition and the spread of stand-up comedy: …the popular British TV show The Comedians. Television, at the same time, provided an ideal platform for a far different kind of stand-up comic, Dave Allen. Allen, an urbane Irishman, hosted several popular talk-variety shows on British TV and would typically sit on a stool, cigarette in one hand and…

Spanish literature: Novels and essays: The trilogy Comedias bárbaras (1907, 1908, 1923), set in an anachronistic, semifeudal Galicia and linked by a single protagonist, is in dialogue form, which gives these novels the feel of impossibly long cinematographic dramas. This series initiated Valle’s aesthetic movement away from Modernismo’s quest for beauty, which…

opéra-comique: …18th century out of the comédies de vaudeville, farcical entertainments performed at fairs. Their characters derived from those of the improvised Italian commedia dell’arte, and they included popular songs, or vaudevilles, which were given new, often satiric words. In 1715 the various performing groups were combined in Paris as the…

Pierre Corneille: Early life and career.: …III) of the outline for La Comédie des Tuileries (1635). In the event, Corneille’s contribution was artistically outstanding.

The Human Comedy, a vast series of some 90 novels and novellas by Honoré de Balzac, known in the original French as La Comédie humaine. The books that made up the series were published between 1829 and 1847. Balzac’s plan to produce a unified series of books that would comprehend the whole of

comédie larmoyante, 18th-century genre of French sentimental drama, which formed a bridge between the decaying tradition of aristocratic Neoclassical tragedy and the rise of serious bourgeois drama. Such comedies made no pretense of being amusing; virtuous characters were subjected to distressing

Dirck Volckertszoon Coornhert: …are allegorical and didactic: the Comedie van Israël (1575) attacks the worldly, hypocritical Netherlands of his time. He is now best known for his defense of tolerance and his criticism of prejudice.

Comédie-Française, national theatre of France and the world’s longest established national theatre. After the death of the playwright Molière (1673), his company of actors joined forces with a company playing at the Théâtre du Marais, the resulting company being known as the Théâtre Guénégaud. In

Comédie-Italienne, the Italian commedia dell’arte as it was called in France. The name was used in France after 1680 to distinguish the commedia dell’arte from native French drama produced at the Comédie-Française. Italian commedia dell’arte companies appeared in France from the 16th century and

Théâtre de l’Hôtel de Bourgogne: …company in Paris, known as Les Comédiens du Roi (“the King’s Players”), established itself in the theatre about 1610. The Comédiens enjoyed considerable success and gradually assumed full-time use of the theatre. They were without an important rival until 1634, when a second theatre, the Théâtre du Marais, was built…

Pierre de Larivey: Larivey’s most successful Comédies facétieuses (1579, 1611) were free adaptations from Italian playwrights, with French settings and idioms added. These comedies of intrigue were popular for their sudden twists in plot, swift reversals of fortune, and realistic, racy language. Molière used situations from Larivey’s Les Esprits and Le…

acne: …vulgaris is the comedo, or blackhead, which consists of a plug of sebum (the fatty substance secreted by a sebaceous gland), cell debris, and microorganisms (especially the bacterium Propionibacterium acnes) filling up a hair follicle. Comedones may be open, their upper or visible portion being darkened by oxidative changes, or…

acne: …vulgaris is the comedo, or blackhead, which consists of a plug of sebum (the fatty substance secreted by a sebaceous gland), cell debris, and microorganisms (especially the bacterium Propionibacterium acnes) filling up a hair follicle. Comedones may be open, their upper or visible portion being darkened by oxidative changes, or…

the Strokes: …followed with Angles (2011) and Comedown Machine (2013). Awash in layers of electronic sounds, the albums moved the band farther away from the stripped-down rock by which it had made its name, and they were met with largely mixed reviews. In 2014 Casablancas formed a new band, the Voidz, which…

comedy, type of drama or other art form the chief object of which, according to modern notions, is to amuse. It is contrasted on the one hand with tragedy and on the other with farce, burlesque, and other forms of humorous amusement. The classic conception of comedy, which began with Aristotle in

HBO: …competing channel HA! to become Comedy Central, the home of The Daily Show with Jon Stewart (1999–2015), South Park (1997– ), and Chappelle’s Show (2003–06). HBO’s The Larry Sanders Show (1992–98), starring comedian Garry Shandling, did to late-night talk shows what Tanner ’88 had done to political campaigns, to great…

Victor Borge: …as did his one-man show, Comedy in Music, which ran for 849 performances in 1953–56 and set a Broadway record for a solo show. Borge’s trademark bits included his “phonetic punctuation,” in which he read a story but used a sound for each punctuation mark, and his “inflated language,” in…

The Comedy of Errors, five-act comedy by William Shakespeare, written in 1589–94 and first published in the First Folio of 1623 from Shakespeare’s manuscript. It was based on Menaechmi by Plautus, with additional material from Plautus’s Amphitruo and the story of Apollonius of Tyre. The play’s

French literature: The development of drama: …his L’Illusion comique (performed 1636; The Comedy of Illusion), a brilliant exploitation of the interplay between reality and illusion that characterizes Baroque art. The two trends come together in Corneille’s theatre in Le Cid (performed 1637; The Cid), which, though often called the first Classical tragedy, was created as a…

Isabelle Huppert: Versatility in the 1990s and 2000s: …and L’Ivresse du pouvoir (2006; The Comedy of Power), in which she starred as a judge who heads an investigation into corporate corruption. In 2008 Huppert appeared as a plantation owner in French Indochina in Un Barrage contre le Pacifique (2008; The Sea Wall), an adaptation of Marguerite Duras’s novel…

comedy of intrigue, in dramatic literature, a comic form in which complicated conspiracies and stratagems dominate the plot. The complex plots and subplots of such comedies are often based on ridiculous and contrived situations with large doses of farcical humour. An example of comedy of intrigue

Television in the United States: Getting started: …Star Theatre (NBC, 1948–53), a comedy-variety show that quickly became the most popular program at that point in television’s very short history. When the series debuted, fewer than 2 percent of American households had a television set; when Berle left the air in 1956 (after starring in his subsequent NBC…

Jessie Redmon Fauset: In Fauset’s best-known novel, Comedy: American Style (1933), Olivia Carey, the protagonist, is a black woman who longs to be white, while her son and husband take pride in their cultural heritage. Fauset’s other novels include There Is Confusion (1924), Plum Bun (1928), and The Chinaberry Tree (1931).

Comendador, city, western Dominican Republic, in the San Juan valley near the border with Haiti. It serves as a commercial centre for the surrounding agricultural lands, which produce sugarcane, cotton, coffee, and fruit. Comendador is the terminus of the paved highway from Santo Domingo, the

Slovakia: Education: …the largest and oldest is Comenius University in Bratislava (founded 1919). Also in Bratislava are the Slovak University of Technology, the University of Economics, and several arts academies. Košice also has universities and a school of veterinary medicine. Since independence, additional colleges and universities have opened in Trnava, Banská Bystrica,…

John Amos Comenius was a Czech educational reformer and religious leader, remembered mainly for his innovations in methods of teaching, especially languages. He favoured the learning of Latin to facilitate the study of European culture. Janua Linguarum Reserata (1632; The Gate of Tongues Unlocked)

Latin American literature: Historians of the New World: …de los Incas (1609, 1617; Royal Commentaries of the Incas, with a foreword by Arnold J. Toynbee), whose second part is called Historia general del Perú (General History of Peru).

scorpaeniform: Annotated classification: Family Comephoridae (Baikal oilfishes) Size to about 20 cm (8 inches). Freshwater, endemic to Lake Baikal in Russia. 1 genus (Comephorus) with 2 species. Family Psychrolutidae (fathead sculpins) Body naked, with loose skin, or with plates bearing prickles; lateral line reduced; pelvic fin with one spine and…

James Comer is an American child psychiatrist and founder of the Comer School Development Program, a school reform process meant to improve students’ psychological and academic development, especially in underprivileged communities. Comer was born into a working-class family. He earned a bachelor’s

James Comer is an American child psychiatrist and founder of the Comer School Development Program, a school reform process meant to improve students’ psychological and academic development, especially in underprivileged communities. Comer was born into a working-class family. He earned a bachelor’s

Jodie Comer is an English actress best known for playing the psychopathic assassin Villanelle on the award-winning BBC America spy thriller Killing Eve (2018–22). Comer is the eldest of two children born to Donna Comer, a Merseyrail employee, and James Comer, a physiotherapist for Everton Football

Comeragh Mountains, mountain range in County Waterford, Ireland, extending from the River Suir valley near Clonmel to the coastal lowland north of Stradbally. Their directional trend is northwest-southeast, and their peaks rise to elevations above 2,000 feet (600 m), with the highest point being

El Comercio, Peruvian newspaper published in Lima. The newspaper is one of the most respected in South America and is dedicated to “order, liberty, knowledge.” Founded in 1839 and long owned by the Miró Quesada family, El Comercio is the oldest newspaper in Peru and the second oldest on the

Ecuador: Media and publishing: El Comercio (“Commerce”), published in Quito, is perhaps the country’s most prestigious newspaper; it provides detailed, serious coverage of political, economic, environmental, and cultural news, together with commentary by a number of well-known columnists. Hoy (“Today”), also published in Quito, uses a more modern format.…

Lisbon: City layout: …water to the vast arcaded Commerce Square (Praça do Comércio). The three landward sides of the square are surrounded by uniform buildings dating from the 18th century. That formal Baroque-inspired layout is pierced by a monumental archway, built a century later, marking the entry north into the central city. In…

Alan J. Pakula: Films of the 1970s: …critical and financial success, Pakula’s Comes a Horseman (1978) was viewed by some as a major disappointment. It was a slow, if beautifully photographed, psychological western set in post-World War II Montana. Robards starred as a crusty rancher bent on expanding his spread, and Fonda portrayed his neighbour, who is…

North Africa: Later Roman Empire: …under a new commander, the comes Africae, independent of the provincial governors. Only the governors of Tripolitania and of Mauretania Caesariensis also had troops at their disposal, but these were second-line soldiers, or limitanei. The whole frontier region along the desert and mountain fringes was divided into sectors and garrisoned…

constable: The title comes stabuli is found in the Roman and particularly in the Eastern Roman, or Byzantine, Empire from the 5th century ad as that of the head of the stables at the imperial court. The Franks borrowed the title, and under the Merovingian and Carolingian kings…

Africa: Internal trade: …Sierra Leone, and Togo; the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA), consisting of Burundi, Comoros, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Djibouti, Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Libya, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritius, Rwanda, Seychelles, Sudan, Swaziland, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe; the East African Community, comprising Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Rwanda, and…

comet, a small body orbiting the Sun with a substantial fraction of its composition made up of volatile ices. When a comet comes close to the Sun, the ices sublimate (go directly from the solid to the gas phase) and form, along with entrained dust particles, a bright outflowing atmosphere around

Henry Bell: Bell’s own steamship, the 28-ton Comet, was launched from Port Glasgow in 1812 and subsequently carried passengers and cargo along the Clyde River. The success of this vessel heralded the era of steam navigation in Europe.

aerospace engineering: Aeronautical engineering: …1949 the British de Havilland Comet inaugurated commercial jet transport flight. The Comet, however, experienced structural failures that curtailed the service, and it was not until 1958 that the highly successful Boeing 707 jet transport began nonstop transatlantic flights. While civil aircraft designs utilize most new technological advancements, the transport…

comet: Spacecraft exploration of comets: …dust from the coma of Comet 81P/Wild 2. At a flyby speed of 6.1 km per second (13,600 miles per hour), the dust samples would be completely destroyed by impact with a hard collector. Therefore, Stardust used a material made of silica (sand) called aerogel that had a very low…

comet: Spacecraft exploration of comets: …dust from the coma of Comet 81P/Wild 2. At a flyby speed of 6.1 km per second (13,600 miles per hour), the dust samples would be completely destroyed by impact with a hard collector. Therefore, Stardust used a material made of silica (sand) called aerogel that had a very low…

comet: Spacecraft exploration of comets: …spacecraft that would fly by Comet 9P/Tempel 1 and a daughter spacecraft that would be deliberately crashed into the comet nucleus. The mother spacecraft would take images of the impact. The daughter spacecraft contained its own camera system to image the nucleus surface up to the moment of impact. To…

Comet Arend-Roland, long-period comet remarkable for its anomalous second tail, which projected toward rather than away from the Sun. It was one of the brightest naked-eye comets of the 20th century. It was discovered photographically on the night of November 8–9, 1956, by Sylvain Arend and Georges

Biela’s Comet, short-period comet named for the Austrian astronomer Wilhelm, Freiherr (baron) von Biela (1782–1856). It was originally discovered by French amateur astronomer Jacques Leibax Montaigne in 1772. It was rediscovered by French astronomer Jean-Louis Pons in 1805 and was identified as the

Chiron, icy small body orbiting the Sun in the outer solar system among the giant planets. Once thought to be the most distant known asteroid, Chiron is now believed to have the composition of a comet nucleus—i.e., a mixture of water ice, other frozen gases, organic material, and silicate dust.

Encke’s Comet, faint comet having the shortest orbital period (about 3.3 years) of any known; it was also only the second comet (after Halley’s) to have its period established. The comet was first observed in 1786 by French astronomer Pierre Méchain. In 1819 German astronomer Johann Franz Encke

Comet Hale-Bopp, long-period comet that was spectacularly visible to the naked eye, having a bright coma, a thick white dust tail, and a bright blue ion tail. It was discovered independently on July 23, 1995, by Alan Hale and Thomas Bopp, two American amateur astronomers, at the unusually far

Halley’s Comet, the first comet whose return was predicted and, almost three centuries later, the first to be imaged up close by interplanetary spacecraft. In 1705 English astronomer Edmond Halley published the first catalog of the orbits of 24 comets. His calculations showed that comets observed

Comet Hyakutake, long-period comet that, because of its relatively close passage to Earth, was observed as one the brightest comets of the 20th century. It was discovered on January 30, 1996, by the Japanese amateur astronomer Hyakutake Yuji, using large binoculars. Visible to the naked eye in late

Comet Ikeya-Seki, long-period comet that is one of a group of sungrazing comets, known as the Kreutz group, having very similar orbits and including the Great Comet of 1882. Comet Ikeya-Seki was discovered on September 18, 1965, by two Japanese amateur astronomers, Ikeya Kaoru and Seki Tsutomu.

Comet Ikeya-Seki, long-period comet that is one of a group of sungrazing comets, known as the Kreutz group, having very similar orbits and including the Great Comet of 1882. Comet Ikeya-Seki was discovered on September 18, 1965, by two Japanese amateur astronomers, Ikeya Kaoru and Seki Tsutomu.