Edward Carpenter was an English writer identified with social and sexual reform and the late 19th-century anti-industrial Arts and Crafts Movement. Carpenter was educated at Trinity Hall, Cambridge, where he was elected a fellow and ordained in 1869. In 1870 he became the theologian Frederick

Jean Harlow was an American actress who was the original “Blonde Bombshell.” Known initially for her striking beauty and forthright sexuality, Harlow developed considerably as an actress, but she died prematurely at the height of her career. The daughter of a prosperous Kansas City dentist, Harlow

London 1908 Olympic Games: …disqualified the apparent winner, American John Carpenter, for deliberately impeding the path of Wyndham Halswelle of Great Britain. A new race was ordered, but the other qualifiers, both American, refused to run. Halswelle then won the gold in the only walkover in Olympic history. (See also Sidebar: Dorando Pietri: Falling…

John Carpenter is an American filmmaker regarded as a master of the low-budget horror film. He has often written, produced, and scored the movies he has directed, many of which have become cult classics. When Carpenter was five years old, he moved with his family from northern New York to Bowling

John Alden Carpenter was an American composer who was prominent in the 1920s and was one of the earliest to use jazz rhythms in orchestral music. Carpenter studied at Harvard University under the conservative German-influenced composer John Knowles Paine but then joined his father’s shipping-supply

John Carpenter is an American filmmaker regarded as a master of the low-budget horror film. He has often written, produced, and scored the movies he has directed, many of which have become cult classics. When Carpenter was five years old, he moved with his family from northern New York to Bowling

Scott Carpenter was an American test pilot and astronaut who was one of the original seven astronauts in NASA’s Project Mercury and the fourth to be launched into space. As the second U.S. astronaut to make an orbital spaceflight, he circled Earth three times on May 24, 1962, in Aurora 7. Carpenter

Mary Carpenter was a British philanthropist, social reformer, and founder of free schools for poor children, the “ragged schools.” Carpenter was educated in the school run by her father, a Unitarian minister. In 1829 she and her mother and sisters opened a girls’ school in Bristol. Later she

Lucinda Williams: That same year, Mary Chapin Carpenter covered Williams’s “Passionate Kisses,” a single from her self-titled album. Carpenter’s version earned Williams a Grammy Award for country song of the year.

human intelligence: Cognitive theories: The psychologists Marcel Just and Patricia Carpenter, for example, showed that complicated intelligence-test items, such as figural matrix problems involving reasoning with geometric shapes, could be solved by a sophisticated computer program at a level of accuracy comparable to that of human test takers. It is in this way that…

Gulf of Carpentaria: The gulf was named for Pieter de Carpentier, governor-general (1623–27) of the Dutch East Indies.

Scott Carpenter was an American test pilot and astronaut who was one of the original seven astronauts in NASA’s Project Mercury and the fourth to be launched into space. As the second U.S. astronaut to make an orbital spaceflight, he circled Earth three times on May 24, 1962, in Aurora 7. Carpenter

John Updike: …gathered in his first book, The Carpentered Hen and Other Tame Creatures (1958), which was followed by his first novel, The Poorhouse Fair (1958).

Carpenters Ridge, topographic feature located in the Indian Ocean near the mouth of the Bay of Bengal; it is the northern end of the Ninetyeast Ridge. The Carpenters Ridge trends north-south, the northern end terminating near the Ganges delta. It is an aseismic ridge—i.e., it has no associated

Downey: …to the 1970s pop duo the Carpenters, who lived in the city in the 1960s. A community college was established in neighbouring Norwalk in 1955. Inc. 1956. Pop. (2010) 111,772; (2020) 114,355.

carpenter moth: The carpenterworm moth (Prionoxystus robiniae) has a wingspan of about 5 cm (2 inches) and is the most familiar North American cossid. The mahogany-colored larvae of the goat moth (Cossus cossus) attack deciduous trees and exude a strong, goatlike odor. The leopard moth (Zeuzera pyrina) has…

Alejo Carpentier was a leading Latin American literary figure, considered one of the best novelists of the 20th century. He was also a musicologist, an essayist, and a playwright. Among the first practitioners of the style known as “magic realism,” he exerted a decisive influence on the works of

Alejo Carpentier was a leading Latin American literary figure, considered one of the best novelists of the 20th century. He was also a musicologist, an essayist, and a playwright. Among the first practitioners of the style known as “magic realism,” he exerted a decisive influence on the works of

Georges Carpentier was a French boxer who was world light-heavyweight champion (1920–22) and a European champion at four weight classes. (Read Gene Tunney’s 1929 Britannica essay on boxing.) Carpentier’s victories over British opponents—Joe Beckett, “Bombardier” Billy Wells, and Ted (“Kid”)

Oakland: History: In 1851 Horace W. Carpentier started a trans-bay ferry service to San Francisco and acquired a town site (1852) to the west of Brooklyn, naming it Oakland for the oak trees on the grassy plain. Carpentier and his associates extended the area and incorporated it as a…

Comtat-Venaissin: Its capital was Carpentras. Comtat-Venaissin is a picturesque territory, varying in scenery between the foothills of the Alps and large plains, which are irrigated by canals supplied by the Rhône, Durance, and Sorgue rivers.

carpentry, the art and trade of cutting, working, and joining timber. The term includes both structural timberwork in framing and items such as doors, windows, and staircases. In the past, when buildings were often wholly constructed of timber framing, the carpenter played a considerable part in

Tom Carper is an American politician who served as a Democrat to the U.S. Senate (2001–25) representing Delaware. He previously served as governor of the state (1993–2001). Carper declined to run for reelection in 2024, and his seat was won by Democrat Lisa Blunt Rochester. Carper spent most of his

Tom Carper is an American politician who served as a Democrat to the U.S. Senate (2001–25) representing Delaware. He previously served as governor of the state (1993–2001). Carper declined to run for reelection in 2024, and his seat was won by Democrat Lisa Blunt Rochester. Carper spent most of his

rug and carpet, any decorative textile normally made of a thick material and now usually intended as a floor covering. Until the 19th century the word carpet was used for any cover, such as a table cover or wall hanging; since the introduction of machine-made products, however, it has been used

dermestid beetle: The red-brown or golden-brown carpet beetle larva (e.g., Anthrenus) is about 5 mm (0.197 in) long and very destructive; it attacks fur, furniture, rugs, carpets, and clothing. The oval adults feed on pollen, are usually between 2.2 and 3.5 mm (0.087 and 0.138 in) in length, have brightly coloured…

creeping bent, (Agrostis stolonifera), perennial grass of the family Poaceae, widely used as a lawn and turf grass. Creeping bent is native to Eurasia and northern Africa and commonly grows in wetlands. The plant is widely naturalized in many places throughout the world and is considered an

carpet bombing, devastating bombing attack that seeks to destroy every part of a wide area. Some military strategists characterize “carpet bombing” as an emotional term that does not describe any actual military strategy. However, Article 51 of Geneva Protocol I prohibits bombardment that treats a

bugleweed: Carpet, or common, bugleweed (Ajuga reptans) forms colonies of rosettes of dark green oval leaves in damp meadows or woodlands. It produces short spikes of blue, or occasionally pink or white, flowers on stems up to 30 cm (12 inches) long and uses stolons (runners)…

carpet grass, (Axonopus fissifolius), mat-forming perennial grass of the family Poaceae, native to sandy soils in southeastern North America. Carpet grass is occasionally used as a lawn and pasture grass in warm areas, but its use generally indicates declining soil fertility, because it is a

carpet moss, (genus Hypnum), genus of about 80 species of mosses (family Hypnaceae) that form dense green mats in many habitats throughout the world, especially on decaying wood in moist areas. A few species are aquatic. About 20 species occur in North America, though the taxonomy of the group is

tineid moth: …moth (Tinea pellionella), and the carpet, tapestry, or white-tip clothes moth (Trichophaga tapetzella). The larvae of the casemaking clothes moth use silk and fragments of food to construct a small, flat, oval case in which the larvae live and pupate. Clothes-moth larvae also attack synthetic or plant-fibre fabrics soiled with…

carpet moth, (genus Trichophaga), any of several small, delicate moths in the order Lepidoptera that settle with their broad, patterned carpetlike wings (span 2–4 cm; 0.8–1.6 inch) outstretched and flattened against the resting surface. The moths develop from twiglike caterpillars or loopers.

Western painting: England and Ireland, c. 650–850: …ornamented cross-pages, commonly called “carpet pages,” filled with ribbon interlace and wonderfully intertwined beasts, and large initial letters. The great full-page initial letters in Gospel books of the British Isles, besides articulating the text, serve as images, almost as icons, of the Word of God. These manuscripts are distinguished…

Terry Pratchett: …working on his first novel, The Carpet People, which was published in 1971 (it was heavily revised and republished in 1992). The lighthearted tale, aimed at children, centres on the exploits of two brothers who live inside a carpet and battle the evil concept of Fray.

stonecrop: Major species: morganianum), and carpet sedum (S. lineare).

carpet shark, (order Orectolobiformes), any of about 40 species of sharks possessing mottled patterns on the body that are evocative of carpet designs. They are found in all oceans but are concentrated in the Indo-Pacific and Australian regions. Many species are large, but they are not considered

Melville Reuben Bissell: inventor of the carpet sweeper.

Karakul: …mature Karakul sheep, classified as carpet wool, is a mixture of coarse and fine fibres, from 6 to 10 inches (15 to 25 cm) long, of colours varying from black to various shades of brown and gray. The Karakul was first imported into the United States in 1909.

carpetbagger, in the United States, a derogatory term for an individual from the North who relocated to the South during the Reconstruction period (1865–77), following the American Civil War. The term was applied to Northern politicians and financial adventurers whom Southerners accused of coming

Harold Robbins: His most successful novel, The Carpetbaggers (1961; film 1964), featured characters loosely based on tycoon Howard Hughes and actress Jean Harlow, and it epitomized the blend of sex, crime, and exuberant vulgarity typical of his oeuvre. The profits from the book—which ultimately sold millions of copies—allowed Robbins to live…

Alan Ladd: …film of his later years, The Carpetbaggers (1964). In January 1964 he was found dead from cerebral edema brought on by a mixture of alcohol and sedatives. His death was ruled accidental.

worm snake: The American worm snake (Carphophis amoena), of the eastern United States, of the family Colubridae, is brown or blackish, with a pink belly. Adults usually are less than 25 cm (10 inches) long. The Oriental worm snakes of the genus Trachischium resemble the American species.

Carpi, town, Emilia-Romagna region of northern Italy, north of Modena city. Carpi is distinguished by its great piazza, the largest in the region. Notable landmarks include the Renaissance town hall, formerly the castle of the Pio family, lords of Carpi from 1319 to 1525; the cathedral (begun

Ugo da Carpi was a painter and printmaker, the first Italian practitioner of the art of the chiaroscuro woodcut, a technique involving the use of several wood blocks to make one print, each block cut to produce a different tone of the same colour. Carpi was active in Venice and Rome. Many of his

capybara, (genus Hydrochoerus), either of two species of large semiaquatic South American rodents. Capybaras inhabit forests and wetlands from Panama to Argentina. The larger of the two species, the capybara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris), is the largest living rodent in the world, growing up to about

Giovanni da Pian del Carpini was a Franciscan friar, the first noteworthy European traveler in the Mongol empire, to which he was sent on a formal mission by Pope Innocent IV. He wrote the earliest important Western work on Central Asia. Giovanni was a contemporary and disciple of St. Francis of

hornbeam, (genus Carpinus), genus of about 25 species of hardy slow-growing ornamental and timber trees in the birch family (Betulaceae), distributed throughout the Northern Hemisphere. The related hop-hornbeam (Ostyra) is in a different genus of the birch family. Hornbeam trees have smooth or

hornbeam: Major species: The European hornbeam (Carpinus betulus) has a twisted trunk that branches profusely; the tree may grow to 20 metres (65 feet) tall. One variety bears normal and oaklike leaves on the same tree. The European hornbeam has a whitish tough wood that is used in agricultural…

hornbeam: Major species: The American hornbeam (C. caroliniana) is also known as water beech and blue beech, the latter for its blue-gray bark. It seldom reaches 12 metres (39 feet), although some trees in the southern United States may grow to 18 metres (59 feet) tall. The smooth trunk…

hornbeam: Major species: Heartleaf hornbeam (C. cordata), an Asian species, usually 15 metres (49 feet) tall, has heart-shaped leaves up to 15 cm (6 inches) long. In the Japanese hornbeam (C. japonica), the downy leaves are reddish brown when unfolding; the smaller Korean hornbeam (C. eximia), usually 9…

hornbeam: Major species: …brown when unfolding; the smaller Korean hornbeam (C. eximia), usually 9 metres (30 feet) tall, has egg-shaped slender-pointed downy leaves.

hornbeam: Major species: In the Japanese hornbeam (C. japonica), the downy leaves are reddish brown when unfolding; the smaller Korean hornbeam (C. eximia), usually 9 metres (30 feet) tall, has egg-shaped slender-pointed downy leaves.

ice plant: Highway ice plant (Carpobrotus edulis, formerly Mesembryanthemum edule) is one of the most commonly grown species and is named for the transparent glistening swellings on its edible leaves. It is cultivated in gardens and as an indoor potted plant. It is naturalized in California, where…

olethreutid moth: …examples include Cydia pomonella, the codling moth (previously Carpocapsa, or Laspeyresia, pomonella) and Cydia molesta, the Oriental fruit moth (previously Laspeyresia, or Grapholitha, molesta). Though originally from Europe, the codling moth exists wherever apples are grown. The larvae burrow in the apples and, when fully grown, emerge and pupate under…

Carpocratian, follower of Carpocrates, a 2nd-century Christian Gnostic, i.e., a religious dualist who believed that matter was evil and the spirit good and that salvation was gained through esoteric knowledge, or gnosis. The sect flourished in Alexandria. Carpocratians revered Jesus not as a

rosefinch, any of the 21 or so species of the genus Carpodacus, of the songbird family Fringillidae. Rosefinches are about 15 cm (6 inches) long and mostly gray or brownish; males are red on the head, breast, and rump. The common, or scarlet, rosefinch (C. erythrinus) of Eurasia, sometimes called

rosefinch: The house finch (C. mexicanus), with red forehead band and streaked underparts, is a dooryard bird throughout western North America; it is often called linnet. This species was introduced (1940) on Long Island, N.Y., and is spreading along the Atlantic seaboard; it is also established in…

Cotingidae: The Carpodectes nitidus of Central America is one of the few white tropical birds.

red algae: …female sex organ, called a carpogonium, consists of a uninucleate region that functions as the egg and a trichogyne, or projection, to which male gametes become attached. The nonmotile male gametes (spermatia) are produced singly in male sex organs, the spermatangia.

carpoid, member of an extinct group of unusual echinoderms (modern echinoderms include starfish, sea urchins, and sea lilies), known as fossils from rocks of Middle Cambrian to Early Devonian age (the Cambrian Period began about 542 million years ago, and the Devonian Period began 416 million years

bird: Skeleton: …toward the body) of the carpometacarpus. When the elbow joint is flexed (bent), the radius slides forward on the ulna and pushes the radiale against the carpometacarpus, which in turn flexes the wrist. Thus the two joints operate simultaneously. The U-shaped ulnare articulates with the ulna and the carpometacarpus. Anatomists…

bird: Skeleton: …toward the body) of the carpometacarpus. When the elbow joint is flexed (bent), the radius slides forward on the ulna and pushes the radiale against the carpometacarpus, which in turn flexes the wrist. Thus the two joints operate simultaneously. The U-shaped ulnare articulates with the ulna and the carpometacarpus. Anatomists…

cloud rat: Bushy-tailed cloud rats: They are closely related to Luzon tree rats (Carpomys) and hairy-tailed rats (Batomys), both of which are also endemic to the Philippines.

mass transit: Alternative service concepts: …better parking arrangements to encourage carpooling, the sharing of auto rides by people who make similar or identical work trips. Car-pool vehicles are privately owned, the guideways (roads) are in place, drivers do not have to be compensated, and vehicle operating costs can be shared. On the other hand, carpoolers…

algae: Reproduction and life histories: …eventually produces and releases diploid carpospores that develop into tetrasporophytes. Certain cells of the tetrasporophyte undergo meiosis to produce tetraspores, and the cycle is repeated. In the life cycle of Polysiphonia, and many other red algae, there are separate male and female gametophytes, carposporophytes that develop on the female gametophytes,…

algae: Reproduction and life histories: …or pustulelike structure called a carposporophyte. The carposporophyte eventually produces and releases diploid carpospores that develop into tetrasporophytes. Certain cells of the tetrasporophyte undergo meiosis to produce tetraspores, and the cycle is repeated. In the life cycle of Polysiphonia, and many other red algae, there are separate male and female…

wrist, complex joint between the five metacarpal bones of the hand and the radius and ulna bones of the forearm. The wrist is composed of eight or nine small, short bones (carpal bones) roughly arranged in two rows. The wrist is also made up of several component joints: the distal radioulnar joint,

Samantha Power: …would become in 1999 the Carr Center for Human Rights. In 2006 Power became the Anna Lindh Professor of Practice of Global Leadership and Public Policy and taught at Harvard until 2009.

The Straits Times: …as a single-sheet weekly by Robert Carr Woods to provide commercial information needed by Singapore’s bustling port community. The paper became a daily in 1858. Its facilities were destroyed by fire in 1869, but the paper did not miss an issue. Under Alexander William Still, editor in the early 1900s,…

Cleveland Cavaliers: …they used to select guard Austin Carr, the Cavaliers’ first star player.

Houston Texans: …number of sacks of quarterback David Carr—who repeated as the league’s most-sacked quarterback in 2004 and 2005.

E.H. Carr was a British political scientist and historian specializing in modern Russian history. He joined the Foreign Office in 1916 and was assistant editor of The Times during 1941–46. He was subsequently tutor and fellow of Balliol College, Oxford, and a fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge.

E.H. Carr was a British political scientist and historian specializing in modern Russian history. He joined the Foreign Office in 1916 and was assistant editor of The Times during 1941–46. He was subsequently tutor and fellow of Balliol College, Oxford, and a fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge.

Emily Carr was a painter and writer, regarded as a major Canadian artist for her paintings of western coast Indians and landscape. While teaching art in Vancouver, B.C., Carr made frequent sketching trips to British Columbian Indian villages. Her work had little financial success and was

News of the World: …newspaper under the leadership of Sir Emsley Carr, who was editor from 1891 until his death in 1941. The paper passed the one million circulation mark shortly after 1900, and by the 1950s it had reached a circulation of well over eight million, the largest in the Western world.

Gerald Carr was a U.S. astronaut who commanded the Skylab 4 mission, which established a new crewed spaceflight record of 84 days. Carr graduated from the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, in 1954 with a degree in mechanical engineering. Later that same year he joined the U.S. Marine

Gerald Carr was a U.S. astronaut who commanded the Skylab 4 mission, which established a new crewed spaceflight record of 84 days. Carr graduated from the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, in 1954 with a degree in mechanical engineering. Later that same year he joined the U.S. Marine

Gil Evans: …century,” according to jazz scholar Ian Carr, and Evans’s arrangements were praised as having

American football: Birth and early growth of professional football: Joe Carr, an experienced promoter, succeeded Thorpe as president in 1921 and remained in that position until his death in 1939. Over the 1920s and early 1930s, league membership fluctuated between 8 and 22 teams, the majority not in large cities but in towns such…

John Dickson Carr was a U.S. writer of detective fiction whose work, both intellectual and macabre, is considered among the best in the genre. Carr’s first novel, It Walks by Night (1930), won favour that endured as Carr continued to create well-researched “locked-room” puzzles of historical

Ellis Peters was an English novelist especially noted for two series of mysteries: one featuring medieval monastics in Britain and the other featuring a modern family. Peters worked as a pharmacist’s assistant during the 1930s and served in the Women’s Royal Navy Service from 1940 to 1945.

Leroy Carr was an influential American blues singer, pianist, and composer of songs noted for their personal original lyrics; several became longtime standards. His smooth urbane blues music was enormously popular during the 1930s. Carr grew up in Indianapolis and taught himself to play piano in a

William S. Burroughs: That year Lucien Carr, a member of Burroughs’s social circle, killed a man whom Carr claimed had made sexual advances toward him. Before turning himself in to the police, Carr confessed to Burroughs and Kerouac, who were both arrested as material witnesses. They were later released on…

Robert Carr, earl of Somerset was a favourite of King James I of England from 1607 to 1615. His influence on governmental policy was slight, but he brought discredit on James’s court by his involvement in a scandal. Son of a Scottish nobleman, the handsome Carr first attracted James’s interest in

Sir Alexander Carr-Saunders was a sociologist, demographer, and educational administrator who, as vice chancellor of the University of London, was largely responsible for establishing several overseas university colleges, some of which became independent universities. Among them were the

Sir Alexander Carr-Saunders was a sociologist, demographer, and educational administrator who, as vice chancellor of the University of London, was largely responsible for establishing several overseas university colleges, some of which became independent universities. Among them were the

Carlo Carrà was one of the most influential Italian painters of the first half of the 20th century. He is best known for his still lifes in the style of Metaphysical painting. Carrà studied painting briefly at the Brera Academy in Milan, but he was largely self-taught. In 1909 he met the poet

Agostino Carracci: …brother of the painter Annibale Carracci, with whom he traveled in northern Italy, visiting Venice and Parma. Agostino’s early work demonstrates the influence of the Venetian painters Tintoretto and Paolo Veronese. He subsequently followed the lead of his brother Annibale, whom he helped decorate the Galleria of the Palazzo Farnese…

Agostino Carracci was an Italian painter and printmaker whose prints after paintings by Federico Barocci, Tintoretto, and Titian circulated widely throughout Europe and were appreciated by Rembrandt, among other artists. Agostino was the older brother of the painter Annibale Carracci, with whom he

Annibale Carracci was an Italian painter who was influential in recovering the classicizing tradition of the High Renaissance from the affectations of Mannerism. He was the most talented of the three painters of the Carracci family. The sons of a tailor, Annibale and his older brother Agostino were

Lodovico Carracci was an Italian painter and printmaker noted for his religious compositions and for the art academy he helped found in Bologna about 1585, which helped renew Italian art in the wake of Mannerism. The son of a butcher, Lodovico was the older cousin of the painters Annibale and

carrack, sailing ship of the 14th–17th centuries that was usually built with three masts, the mainmast and foremast being rigged with square sails and the mizzenmast rigged with a fore-and-aft triangular lateen sail. Sometimes a square sail was hung beneath the bowsprit forward of the bow, and

carrack porcelain, Chinese blue-and-white export pieces from the reign of the emperor Wan-li (1573–1620) during the Ming period. During the 17th century, the Dutch East India Company rose to world prominence by trading fine goods. A particularly popular Chinese export became kraakporselein (named

John Carradine was an American actor with gaunt features and a stentorian voice who appeared in more than 200 films, often portraying villains. He was especially known for his work in John Ford’s films and in low-budget horror movies. Carradine studied art, and as a young man he supported himself

John Carradine: …of his five sons—David, Robert, Keith, and Bruce—acted in films and on television.

John Carradine was an American actor with gaunt features and a stentorian voice who appeared in more than 200 films, often portraying villains. He was especially known for his work in John Ford’s films and in low-budget horror movies. Carradine studied art, and as a young man he supported himself

Irish moss, (Chondrus crispus), species of red algae (family Gigartinaceae) that grows abundantly along the rocky parts of the Atlantic coast of the British Isles, continental Europe, and North America. The principal constituent of Irish moss is a gelatinous substance, carrageenan, which can be

Irish moss: …moss is a gelatinous substance, carrageenan, which can be extracted by boiling. Carrageenan is used for curing leather and as an emulsifying and suspending agent in pharmaceuticals, food products, cosmetics, and shoe polishes. It is often harvested from shallow water by dredging with special rakes or obtained from broken fronds…

Irish moss: …moss is a gelatinous substance, carrageenan, which can be extracted by boiling. Carrageenan is used for curing leather and as an emulsifying and suspending agent in pharmaceuticals, food products, cosmetics, and shoe polishes. It is often harvested from shallow water by dredging with special rakes or obtained from broken fronds…