La Skhira, seaport, eastern Tunisia. It is situated on the Gulf of Gabes, in Al-Sāḥil region. La Skhira is one of the six major seaports of Tunisia; it is specialized in handling Algerian and Tunisian petroleum exports. The port is also a pipeline terminal for Al-Dūlāb oil field, in western

Kosovo Liberation Army: Disbanding of the KLA and postwar issues: Others, such as Agim Çeku, a former KLA military head and a former prime minister (2006–08), as well Hashim Thaçi, a former KLA leader who became prime minister in 2008, were not indicted by the ICTY, although they are considered war criminals by Serbia.

motion-picture technology: Figural basis of animation: The development of cel (or cell) animation permitted the phased movements of the figures to be traced onto a succession of transparent celluloid sheets and superimposed, in turn, onto a single static drawing representing the background. With this technique the background could be drawn in somewhat greater detail…

Chelyabinsk, oblast (province), west-central Russia. It is sited on the eastern flank of the Ural Mountains; a winding panhandle extends across to the western slopes. In the extreme east, the oblast extends onto the West Siberian Plain. The higher mountain areas are clothed in pine, fir, spruce,

Chelyabinsk, city and administrative centre, Chelyabinsk oblast (province), west-central Russia. It lies on the eastern flank of the Ural Mountains and on the Miass River. Chelyabinsk was founded as a fortress in 1736 on the site of a Bashkir village; it became a town in 1787. First a local centre

Earth impact hazard: …than 1,500 people in the Chelyabinsk region of Russia were injured, mostly by flying glass which had been shattered by the shock wave of a meteorite 17 metres (56 feet) wide breaking up in the atmosphere. (The only verified case of a meteorite hitting and injuring a human being occurred…

Emmanuel Roblès: Dawn on Our Darkness), a novel set in Sardinia and concerning a man caught between love and duty. Le Vésuve (1961; Vesuvius) and Un Printemps d’Italie (1970; “A Springtime in Italy”) are love stories set in wartime Italy. His later novels include Venise en hiver…

Camilo José Cela was a Spanish writer who won the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1989. He is perhaps best known for his novel La familia de Pascual Duarte (1942; The Family of Pascual Duarte) and is considered to have given new life to Spanish literature. His literary production—primarily novels,

celadon, greenish ceramic glaze that is used on stoneware. Celadon is used both for the glaze itself and for the article so glazed. It is particularly valued in China, Korea, Thailand, and Japan. To create this ware, artisans apply a wash of slip (liquefied clay), which contains a high proportion

clay mineral: Mica mineral group: Celadonite and glauconite are ferric iron-rich species of dioctahedral micas. The ideal composition of celadonite may be expressed by K(Mg, Fe3+)(Si4 - xAlx)O10(OH)2, where x = 0–0.2. Glauconite is a dioctahedral mica species with tetrahedral Al substitution greater than 0.2 and octahedral Fe3+ or R3+

Celaenae, ancient fortress city of Phrygia (in present Turkey), the starting point of the march of the “Ten Thousand” under Cyrus (401 bc) against Artaxerxes (recounted in Xenophon’s Anabasis). In 333 Celaenae was conquered by Alexander the Great. The city was later renamed Apamea Cibotus (q.v.) by

Pleiades: Electra, Taygete, Celaeno, Alcyone, Sterope, and Merope. They all had children by gods (except Merope, who married Sisyphus).

Pleiades: Merope, Taygete, Celaeno, and Sterope, names now assigned to individual stars), daughters of Atlas and Pleione, were changed into the stars. The heliacal (near dawn) rising of the Pleiades in spring of the Northern Hemisphere has marked from ancient times the opening of seafaring and farming seasons,…

shrew rat: Natural history: … (genus Chrotomys) and the blazed Luzon shrew rat (Celaenomys silaceus) have a stripe running down the back. Fur is generally short, dense, and soft. Its texture is either velvety or woolly, although the prickly coat of the Sulawesi spiny rat (Echiothrix leucura) is a striking exception. The Sulawesi spiny rat…

Jelālī Revolts: …Tokat under the leadership of Celâl, a preacher of Shīʿite Islam. Major revolts later occurred in 1526–28, 1595–1610, 1654–55, and 1658–59.

Jelālī Revolts, rebellions in Anatolia against the Ottoman Empire in the 16th and 17th centuries. The first revolt occurred in 1519 near Tokat under the leadership of Celâl, a preacher of Shīʿite Islam. Major revolts later occurred in 1526–28, 1595–1610, 1654–55, and 1658–59. The major uprisings

Paul Celan was a Romanian-born poet who, though he never lived in Germany, gave the post-World War II literature of that country one of its most powerful and regenerative voices. His poetry was influenced stylistically by French Surrealism, and its subject matter by his grief as a Jew and a

celandine, any of several distinct flowering plants of similar appearance, mostly members of the poppy family (Papaveraceae). Several species are grown as garden wildflowers. The greater celandine (Chelidonium majus) is native to deciduous woods of Europe and Asia and is the only member of its

celandine: The celandine poppies, species of the genus Stylophorum, are native to North America and China. The plants resemble Chelidonium but have flowers twice the size and have two-paired much-divided leaves on the stem below the flower cluster and basal leaves. Celandine poppies have orange-yellow sap. Stylophorum…

Fucino Basin, former lake bed in L’Aquila province, Abruzzi region, central Italy, just east of Avezzano. The lake was once 37 mi (59 km) in circumference and about 100 ft (30 m) deep, although its level was subject to great variations because of the lack of an outlet. As early as ad 52 the emperor

Gracias: Celaque National Park, with the highest peak in Honduras, is nearby. Pop. (2001) 7,892; (2013) 12,697.

history of logic: Syllogisms: First figure: Barbara, Celarent, Darii, Ferio,

history of logic: Syllogisms: *Barbari, *Celaront.

Celastraceae, the staff-tree family, in the order Celastrales, comprising about 55 genera of woody vines, shrubs, and trees, native in tropical and temperate zones but best known for ornamental forms of the genera Euonymus and Celastrus (bittersweet). Fruit of the family is often colourful. Leaves

Celastrales, small order of flowering plants that includes 3 families, some 100 genera, and about 1,350 species. In the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group II (APG II) botanical classification system, Celastrales is placed in the Rosid I clade (see angiosperm). Celastraceae, or the bittersweet family,

bittersweet: The genus Celastrus, in the staff tree family (Celastraceae), includes the American bittersweet, or staff vine (C. scandens), and the Oriental bittersweet (C. orbiculatus), woody vines grown as ornamentals. The flowers, in whitish clusters, are followed by yellow to orange capsules, which split to reveal yellow to…

bittersweet: scandens), and the Oriental bittersweet (C. orbiculatus), woody vines grown as ornamentals. The flowers, in whitish clusters, are followed by yellow to orange capsules, which split to reveal yellow to crimson arils enclosing the seeds. Oriental bittersweet is a more vigorous climber, reaching up to 12 metres (40…

bittersweet: …tree family (Celastraceae), includes the American bittersweet, or staff vine (C. scandens), and the Oriental bittersweet (C. orbiculatus), woody vines grown as ornamentals. The flowers, in whitish clusters, are followed by yellow to orange capsules, which split to reveal yellow to crimson arils enclosing the seeds. Oriental bittersweet is a…

Italian literature: Fiction at the turn of the 21st century: …were Sebastiano Vassalli and especially Gianni Celati. Vassalli gradually distanced himself from the more radical experimentalism of Gruppo 63 so as to better exploit his gift for storytelling. La notte della cometa (1984; The Night of the Comet) is a fictionalized biography of the early 20th-century Orphic poet Dino Campana,…

Celaya, city, south-central Guanajuato estado (state), north-central Mexico. It lies on the north bank of the Laja River in the fertile Bajío region of the Mexican Plateau, 5,774 feet (1,760 meters) above sea level. Founded as Purísima Concepción de Celaya in 1571, the city played an important role

Battle of Celaya, (April 1915), decisive military engagement in the wars between revolutionary factions during the Mexican Revoluion of 1910–20. One of the largest and bloodiest battles in Mexican history, it was fought at Celaya, Guanajuato state, between the forces of Álvaro Obregón and Pancho

Spanish literature: Poetry: …to as a “Basque triumvirate”: Gabriel Celaya, a prewar Surrealist who became a leading spokesman for the opposition to Franco; Blas de Otero, an existentialist writing in the vein of Antonio Machado’s Campos de Castilla; and Ángela Figuera, a teacher, writer of children’s stories, feminist, and social activist, best known…

major industrial polymers: Polyacetal: Also called polyoxymethylene (POM) or simply acetal, polyacetal has the simplest structure of all the polyethers. It is manufactured in a solution process by anionic or cationic chain-growth polymerization of formaldehyde (H2C=O), a reaction analogous to vinyl polymerization. By itself, the polymer is unstable…

Niš: …the ruins of the Turkish-built Ćele Kula (Tower of Skulls) are embedded the skulls of more than 900 of the Serbs who fell at the Battle of Čegar. The Serbian army liberated Niš in 1877, and the town was ceded to them by the Treaty of Berlin (1878). In World…

Celebes, one of the four Greater Sunda Islands, Indonesia. A curiously shaped island with four distinct peninsulas that form three major gulfs—Tomini (the largest) on the northeast, Tolo on the east, and Bone on the south—Celebes has a coastline of 3,404 miles (5,478 km). Area including adjacent

crested black macaque, (Macaca nigra), a mainly arboreal Indonesian monkey named for the narrow crest of hair that runs along the top of the head from behind the overhanging brow. The crested black macaque is found only in the Minahasa region on the island of Sulawesi (Celebes) and on nearby Bacan

Celebes Sea, sea of the western Pacific Ocean, bordered on the north by the Sulu Archipelago and Sea and Mindanao island, on the east by the Sangihe Islands chain, on the south by Celebes (Sulawesi), and on the west by Borneo. It extends 420 miles (675 km) north-south by 520 miles (837 km)

Mehmed I was an Ottoman sultan who reunified the dismembered Ottoman territories following the defeat of Ankara (1402). He ruled in Anatolia and, after 1413, in the Balkans as well. Timur (Tamerlane), victorious over the Ottoman sultan Bayezid I at the Battle of Ankara, restored to the Turkmen

The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County, short story by Mark Twain, first published in a New York periodical, The Saturday Press in 1865. The narrator of the story, who is searching for a Reverend Leonidas Smiley, visits the long-winded Simon Wheeler, a miner, in hopes of learning his

Led Zeppelin: …Grammy Award in 2014 for Celebration Day (2012), a live album derived from the 2007 reunion show. In 2012 Led Zeppelin was named a Kennedy Center honoree.

Olivia Newton-John: Career: …was released in 2002, and A Celebration in Song (2008) contain duets with musicians such as New Zealand–born Australian country singer Keith Urban and American pop-rock singer Richard Marx. The albums Stronger than Before (2005) and Grace and Gratitude (2006) include inspirational and meditative songs. LIV ON (2016) deals with…

Friedrich Hölderlin: …period 1802–06, including “Friedensfeier” (“Celebration of Peace”), “Der Einzige” (“The Only One”), and “Patmos,” products of a mind on the verge of madness, are apocalyptic visions of unique grandeur. He also completed verse translations of Sophocles’ Antigone and Oedipus Tyrannus, published in 1804. In this year a devoted friend,…

parasocial interaction: …parasocial relationship with the same celebrity without feeling jealous of one another; in fact, in many cases, sharing their dedication to a mass media persona brings people closer together.

Woody Allen: The 1990s and sexual-abuse allegations: Celebrity (1998) followed. Shot in black-and-white by Nykvist—with a cast that included Kenneth Branagh, Leonardo DiCaprio, Winona Ryder, and Charlize Theron—the film was considered a minor entry in Allen’s oeuvre. In the more-focused Sweet and Lowdown (1999) Sean Penn turned in a memorable performance as…

Mark Burnett: …catchphrase—and in 2008 Burnett created The Celebrity Apprentice, which featured well-known entertainers and other public figures, such as comedian Joan Rivers and journalist Piers Morgan, as contestants.

Courtney Love: In 1998 Hole released Celebrity Skin, a commercial and critical success, but the group disbanded in May 2002.

Southeast Asian arts: Java: …xylophone (gambang), the zither (celempung) with 26 strings tuned in pairs, an end-blown flute (suling), and a 2-stringed lute (called a rebab by the Javanese), which leads the orchestra. In loud-sounding music, the soft-sounding instruments are not played, and the drum (kendang) leads the orchestra. The third group provides…

Quintus Caecilius Metellus Celer was a leading Roman politician of the late 60s bc who became an opponent of Pompey the Great, the Catilinarian conspiracy (see Catiline), and the formation of the secret political agreement of Julius Caesar, Pompey, and Marcus Crassus. Adopted from one branch of the

Francis Collins: …questioned when a rival operation, Celera Genomics, emerged in 1998 and appeared to be working even faster than the HGP at deciphering the human deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) sequence. Headed by American geneticist and businessman J. Craig Venter, a former NIH scientist, Celera had devised its own, quicker method—though some scientists,…

celeriac, (subspecies Apium graveolens, variety rapaceum), type of celery (Apium graveolens, variety rapaceum) grown for its knobby edible hypocotyl (stem), which is used as a raw or cooked vegetable. Originally cultivated in the Mediterranean and in northern Europe, it was introduced into Britain

celery, (Apium graveolens), herbaceous plant of the parsley family (Apiaceae). Celery is usually eaten cooked as a vegetable or as a delicate flavouring in a variety of stocks, casseroles, and soups. In the United States raw celery is served by itself or with spreads or dips as an appetizer and in

napa cabbage, (Brassica rapa, variety pekinensis), form of Chinese cabbage, belonging to the mustard family (Brassicaceae), cultivated for its edible leaves. Napa cabbage is widely grown in eastern Asia and is commonly used to make kimchi, a traditional Korean dish made of spicy fermented

Podocarpaceae: In the genus Phyllocladus, the foliar leaves are replaced by flattened branchlets (phylloclades) resembling leaves. The staminate, or pollen-bearing, cones are borne in a terminal or axillary position on leafy twigs; the ovulate, or seed-bearing, cones at maturity become fleshy and sometimes brightly coloured and surmount the fleshy…

celeriac, (subspecies Apium graveolens, variety rapaceum), type of celery (Apium graveolens, variety rapaceum) grown for its knobby edible hypocotyl (stem), which is used as a raw or cooked vegetable. Originally cultivated in the Mediterranean and in northern Europe, it was introduced into Britain

celery: …tiny seedlike fruits, known as celery seed, resemble the plant itself in taste and aroma and are used as a seasoning, particularly in soups and pickles.

smallage, (Apium graveolens), wild celery; strongly scented, erect, biennial herb of the carrot family (Apiaceae, or Umbelliferae) widely distributed in moist places within the temperate zones, and grown for use as a flavouring similar to celery. In traditional medicine, smallage roots are used as

celery-top pine, (Phyllocladus aspleniifolius), slow-growing ornamental and timber conifer (family Podocarpaceae), native to temperate rainforests of Tasmania at elevations from sea level to 750 metres (2,500 feet). The dense golden-brown wood is used in fine furniture. The tree is shrubby at high

celesta, orchestral percussion instrument resembling a small upright piano, patented by a Parisian, Auguste Mustel, in 1886. It consists of a series of small metal bars (and hence is a metallophone) with a keyboard and a simplified piano action in which small felt hammers strike the bars. Each bar

celesta, orchestral percussion instrument resembling a small upright piano, patented by a Parisian, Auguste Mustel, in 1886. It consists of a series of small metal bars (and hence is a metallophone) with a keyboard and a simplified piano action in which small felt hammers strike the bars. Each bar

Michael Bennet: Richard Celeste, he went to Yale Law School, where he served as editor of The Yale Law Journal before graduating in 1993. Bennet then worked as a clerk for the Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals and later served as counsel (1995–97) to the U.S. deputy…

celestial coordinates, Set of numbers used to pinpoint the position in the sky (see celestial sphere) of a celestial object. Coordinate systems used include the horizon system (altitude and azimuth), galactic coordinates, the ecliptic system (measured relative to the orbital plane of Earth), and

celestial coordinates, Set of numbers used to pinpoint the position in the sky (see celestial sphere) of a celestial object. Coordinate systems used include the horizon system (altitude and azimuth), galactic coordinates, the ecliptic system (measured relative to the orbital plane of Earth), and

long: …dragons: the Celestial Dragon (Tianlong), who guards the heavenly dwellings of the gods; the Dragon of Hidden Treasure (Fuzanglong); the Earth Dragon (Dilong), who controls the waterways; and the Spiritual Dragon (Shenlong), who controls the rain and winds. In popular belief only the latter two were significant; they were…

Equator: celestial equator is the great circle in which the plane of the terrestrial Equator intersects the celestial sphere; it consequently is equidistant from the celestial poles. When the Sun lies in its plane, day and night are everywhere of equal length, a twice-per-year occurrence (about…

celestial globe, representation of stars and constellations as they are located on the apparent sphere of the sky. Celestial globes are used for some astronomical or astrological calculations or as ornaments. Some globes were made in ancient Greece; Thales of Miletus (fl. 6th century bce) is

Hungarian literature: Writing after 1945: …internationally for Harmonia Caelestis (2000; Celestial Harmonies), which chronicles some seven centuries of his own distinguished family’s history. Esterházy’s Semmi művészet (2008; Not Art: A Novel) depicts a football- (soccer-) obsessed mother’s relationship with her son.

astronomical map: The ecliptic system: Celestial longitude and latitude are defined with respect to the ecliptic and ecliptic poles. Celestial longitude is measured eastward from the ascending intersection of the ecliptic with the equator, a position known as the “first point of Aries,” and the place of the Sun at the time of…

astronomical map: The ecliptic system: Celestial longitude is measured eastward from the ascending intersection of the ecliptic with the equator, a position known as the “first point of Aries,” and the place of the Sun at the time of the vernal equinox about March 21. The first point of Aries…

Tianshidao, great popular Daoist movement that occurred near the end of China’s Han dynasty (206 bce–220 ce) and greatly weakened the government. The Tianshidao movement became a prototype of the religiously inspired popular rebellions that were to erupt periodically throughout China for the next

Pierre-Simon, marquis de Laplace: …Traité de mécanique céleste (Celestial Mechanics), appearing in five volumes between 1798 and 1827, summarized the results obtained by his mathematical development and application of the law of gravitation. He offered a complete mechanical interpretation of the solar system by devising methods for calculating the motions of the planets…

celestial mechanics, in the broadest sense, the application of classical mechanics to the motion of celestial bodies acted on by any of several types of forces. By far the most important force experienced by these bodies, and much of the time the only important force, is that of their mutual

telescope: Astronomical transit instruments: The observer’s meridian is a great circle on the celestial sphere that passes through the north and south points of the horizon as well as through the zenith of the observer. Restricting the telescope to motion only in the meridian provides an added degree of stability, but…

Milky Way Galaxy: Stellar motions: …complete knowledge of a star’s motion in space is possible only when both its proper motion and radial velocity can be measured. Proper motion is the motion of a star across an observer’s line of sight and constitutes the rate at which the direction of the star changes in the…

Tien Shan, great mountain system of Central Asia. Its name is Chinese for “Celestial Mountains.” Stretching about 1,500 miles (2,500 km) from west-southwest to east-northeast, it mainly straddles the border between China and Kyrgyzstan and bisects the ancient territory of Turkistan. It is about 300

Anne Tyler: …not until the appearance of Celestial Navigation (1974) and Searching for Caleb (1975) that Tyler came to nationwide attention.

celestial navigation, use of the observed positions of celestial bodies to determine a navigator’s position. At any moment some celestial body is at the zenith of any particular location on the Earth’s surface. This location is called the ground position (GP). GP can thus be stated in terms of

Max Wolf: …a German astronomer who applied photography to the search for asteroids and discovered 228 of them.

astronomical map: The celestial sphere: …about a northern or southern celestial pole, the projection into space of Earth’s own poles. Equidistant from the two poles is the celestial equator; this great circle is the projection into space of Earth’s Equator.

The Celestial Railroad, allegorical short story by American author Nathaniel Hawthorne, published in 1843 and included in his short-story collection Mosses from an Old Manse (1846). Following the path of Christian in John Bunyan’s The Pilgrim’s Progress, the narrator travels from the City of

celestial sphere, the apparent surface of the heavens, on which the stars seem to be fixed. For the purpose of establishing coordinate systems to mark the positions of heavenly bodies, it can be considered a real sphere at an infinite distance from the Earth. The Earth’s axis, extended to infinity,

East Asian mathematics: The method of the celestial unknown: Li Ye’s book also contains a method, unknown to Qin Jiushao, that seems to have flourished in North China for some decades before Li completed “Sea Mirror of Circle Measurements.” This method explains how to use polynomial arithmetic to find…

keyboard instrument: Related stringed keyboard instruments: …1772 a device called a celestina was patented by Adam Walker of London; it employed a continuous horsehair ribbon (kept in motion by a treadle) to rub the strings of a harpsichord. Thomas Jefferson, who ordered a harpsichord equipped with a celestina in 1786, commented that it was suitable for…

La Celestina, Spanish dialogue novel, generally considered the first masterpiece of Spanish prose and the greatest and most influential work of the early Renaissance in Spain. Originally published in 16 acts as the Comedia de Calisto y Melibea (1499; “Comedy of Calisto and Melibea”) and shortly

celestine, mineral that is a naturally occurring form of strontium sulfate (SrSO4). It resembles barite, barium sulfate, but is much less common. Barium is interchangeable with strontium in the crystal structure; there is a gradation between celestine and barite. Celestine occurs in sedimentary

Celestine (II) was a pope who was elected in December 1124 but resigned a few days later and is not counted in the official list of popes. After the death of Calixtus II, the rival houses of Frangipani and Pierleoni struggled for the papal throne. The Pierleonis’ candidate, Theobald (who would have

Saint Celestine I ; feast day July 27, Irish feast day April 6) was the pope from 422 to 432. He was a Roman deacon when elected on Sept. 10, 422, to succeed Boniface I. His pontificate is noted for its vigorous attack on Nestorianism, the unorthodox teaching of Patriarch Nestorius of

Celestine II was the pope from 1143 to 1144. A scholar of noble birth, he studied under Peter Abélard, with whom he remained on friendly terms even after Abélard’s condemnation at the Council of Sens (1140). He was made cardinal deacon in 1127 by Pope Honorius II and cardinal priest (c. 1134) by

Celestine III was the pope from 1191 to 1198. He was Peter Abélard’s student and friend, and he carried out many important legations in Germany, Spain, and Portugal; St. Thomas Becket considered him his most reliable friend at the Roman Curia. He had been cardinal deacon of Santa Maria in Cosmedin,

Celestine IV was the pope from October 25 to Nov. 10, 1241. The nephew of Pope Urban III, Celestine had been made cardinal priest of St. Mark’s in 1227 and cardinal bishop of Sabina in 1239 by his predecessor, Gregory IX, whom he was elected to succeed on Oct. 25, 1241. He was the first pope to be

Saint Celestine V ; canonized May 5, 1313; feast day May 19) was the pope from July 5 to Dec. 13, 1294, the first pontiff to abdicate. He founded the Celestine order. Pietro was a Benedictine in his youth but soon became a hermit and lived in the Abruzzi Mountains, near Sulmona. His rigorous

celestine, mineral that is a naturally occurring form of strontium sulfate (SrSO4). It resembles barite, barium sulfate, but is much less common. Barium is interchangeable with strontium in the crystal structure; there is a gradation between celestine and barite. Celestine occurs in sedimentary

Celestius was one of the first and probably the most outstanding of the disciples of the British theologian Pelagius (q.v.). Like Pelagius, Celestius was practicing law in Rome when they met. In reaction to contemporary immorality, they turned from temporal to religious pursuits, and their

Kastoría, town and dímos (municipality), West Macedonia (Modern Greek: Dytikí Makedonía) periféreia (region), northern Greece. The town stands on a promontory reaching out from the western shore of Lake Kastorías. The lake is formed in a deep hollow that is surrounded by limestone mountains. The

autism: Neuropathology: …involving a gene known as CELF6. Loss of function of this gene in mice has been linked to sharp declines in serotonin levels and autism-like behaviors, including deficits in communication and learning.

Thunderball: …he meets Emilio Largo (Adolfo Celi), a rich aristocrat who is in reality the second in command of SPECTRE. When Bond reveals to Largo’s mistress, Domino (Claudine Auger), that Largo had her brother, a NATO pilot, killed, she agrees to help him locate the bombs. Although Bond does find…

human cardiovascular system: The aorta and its principal branches: The celiac artery arises from the aorta a short distance below the diaphragm and almost immediately divides into the left gastric artery, serving part of the stomach and esophagus; the hepatic artery, which primarily serves the liver; and the splenic artery, which supplies the stomach, pancreas,…

celiac disease, an inherited autoimmune digestive disorder in which affected individuals cannot tolerate gluten, a protein constituent of wheat, barley, malt, and rye flours. General symptoms of the disease include the passage of foul pale-coloured stools (steatorrhea), progressive malnutrition,

human nervous system: Sympathetic ganglia: Thus, the celiac ganglion innervates the stomach, liver, pancreas, and the duodenum, the first part of the small intestine; the superior mesenteric ganglion innervates the small intestine; and the inferior mesenteric ganglion innervates the descending colon,

celiac disease, an inherited autoimmune digestive disorder in which affected individuals cannot tolerate gluten, a protein constituent of wheat, barley, malt, and rye flours. General symptoms of the disease include the passage of foul pale-coloured stools (steatorrhea), progressive malnutrition,

human cardiovascular system: The aorta and its principal branches: The celiac artery arises from the aorta a short distance below the diaphragm and almost immediately divides into the left gastric artery, serving part of the stomach and esophagus; the hepatic artery, which primarily serves the liver; and the splenic artery, which supplies the stomach, pancreas,…