Charles III was a Frankish king and emperor, whose fall in 887 marked the final disintegration of the empire of Charlemagne. (Although he controlled France briefly, he is usually not reckoned among the kings of France). The youngest son of Louis the German and great-grandson of Charlemagne, Charles

Charles I (or II) was the duke of Lorraine and an ally of the Burgundian faction in the internal strife that divided France during the Hundred Years’ War. He succeeded in uniting Lorraine with the duchy of Bar. Becoming duke in 1391, he followed his father’s example in allying Lorraine with the

Charles II was the king of Navarre from 1349, who made various short-lived attempts to expand Navarrese power in both France and Spain. He was the son and successor of Joan of France, queen of Navarre, and Philip, count of Évreux. Married in 1352 to Joan, daughter of John II of France, he demanded

Charles V was the king of France from 1364 who led the country in a miraculous recovery from the devastation of the first phase of the Hundred Years’ War (1337–1453), reversing the disastrous Anglo-French settlement of 1360. Having purchased the Dauphiné (on France’s southeastern frontier) in 1349,

Charles III was the king of France (893–922), whose authority came to be accepted by Lorraine and who settled the Northmen in Normandy but who became the first Carolingian ruler of the western kingdom to lose his crown. The posthumous son of Louis II the Stammerer by a marriage of contested

Charles was the last of the great dukes of Burgundy (1467 to 1477). The son of Duke Philip III the Good of Burgundy, Charles was brought up in the French manner as a friend of the French dauphin, afterward Louis XI of France, who spent five years in Burgundy before his accession. Although he had

Charles VII was the king of France from 1422 to 1461, who succeeded—partly with the aid of Joan of Arc—in driving the English from French soil and in solidifying the administration of the monarchy. Before ascending the throne he was known as the Dauphin and was regent for his father, Charles VI,

Charles Martel was the mayor of the palace of Austrasia (the eastern part of the Frankish kingdom) from 715 to 741. He reunited and ruled the entire Frankish realm and defeated a sizable Muslim raiding party at Poitiers in 732. His byname, Martel, means “the hammer.” Charles was the illegitimate

Charles I was the king of Naples and Sicily (1266–85), the first of the Angevin dynasty, and creator of a great but short-lived Mediterranean empire. The younger brother of Louis IX of France, Charles acquired the county of Provence in 1246 and accompanied Louis on his Egyptian Crusade (1248–50).

Charles II was the king of Naples and ruler of numerous other territories, who concluded the war to regain Sicily started by his father, Charles I. By making astute alliances and treaties, he greatly enlarged his dominions. Named prince of Salerno (1269) by his father and married by him to Maria,

Carlos de Aragon, prince de Viana was the prince de Viana and heir apparent to the throne of Navarre (from 1428), who intrigued for both the Navarrese and Aragonese crowns. The son of the future John II of Aragon and Blanche, daughter of Charles III of Navarre, who succeeded her father in 1425,

Charles was a rival duke of Brittany, a son of the French king Philip VI’s sister Margaret. Charles’s claim to Brittany through his marriage to Joan the Lame of Penthièvre, niece of Duke John III of Brittany, led to a conflict with the other claimants, John of Montfort and later his son Duke John

Charles III was the king of Spain (1759–88) and king of Naples (as Charles VII, 1734–59), one of the “enlightened despots” of the 18th century, who helped lead Spain to a brief cultural and economic revival. Charles was the first child of Philip V’s marriage with Isabella of Parma. Charles ruled as

Charles III was the king of Naples (1381–86) and king (as Charles II) of Hungary (1385–86). A leading figure of the Hungarian branch of the Angevin dynasty, he was an astute politician who won both of his thrones by triumphing over rival claimants. Charles was educated at the court of Louis I of

Charles Of France was the duke of Berry, of Normandy, and of Guyenne, who fought in the coalitions against his brother King Louis XI of France. The last son of King Charles VII, Charles of France was given the duchy of Berry on his father’s death in 1461. Pressed by councillors, however, the young

Carol I was the first king of Romania, whose long reign (as prince, 1866–81, and as king, 1881–1914) brought notable military and economic development along Western lines but failed to solve the basic problems of an overwhelmingly rural country. As a German prince, Carol was educated in Dresden and

Charles I was the duke of Lower Lorraine, head of the only surviving legitimate line of the Carolingian dynasty by 987, and an unsuccessful claimant for the French throne. Son of Louis IV of France and Gerberga, sister of Otto I of Germany, Charles was banished by his brother, King Lothar, in 977.

Charles IV (or V) Leopold was the duke of Lorraine and Bar, Austrian field marshal who commanded the forces defeating the Turks before the gates of Vienna in 1683 and subsequently expelled them from most of Hungary. Charles, a nephew of Duke Charles III (or IV), entered the Austrian army in 1664

Charles IV was a German king and king of Bohemia from 1346 to 1378 and Holy Roman emperor from 1355 to 1378, one of the most learned and diplomatically skillful sovereigns of his time. He gained more through diplomacy than others did by war, and through purchases, marriages, and inheritance he

Charles was the third son of the Frankish emperor Lothar I. Upon his father’s death, he inherited the Rhone valley of Burgundy and Provence. He was the first king of Provence, but he died without issue, and Provence was seized by his elder brother, the emperor Louis

Charles III was the count of Valois from 1285 and of Anjou and Maine from 1290. He was the son of a king, brother of a king, uncle of three kings, and a father of a king. Though he himself never gained a crown, he sought at various times those of Aragon, France, Constantinople, and the Holy Roman

Carlos de Aragon, prince de Viana was the prince de Viana and heir apparent to the throne of Navarre (from 1428), who intrigued for both the Navarrese and Aragonese crowns. The son of the future John II of Aragon and Blanche, daughter of Charles III of Navarre, who succeeded her father in 1425,

Charles III is the king of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland from September 8, 2022. He is the eldest child of Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip, duke of Edinburgh. After being the longest-serving monarch-in-waiting in British history, Charles ascended the throne at age

Fort Sumter National Monument: Charles Pinckney National Historic Site is located a few miles to the northeast on the mainland. Established in 1988, it preserves 28 acres (11 hectares) of American statesman Charles Pinckney’s 715-acre (289-hectare) Snee Farm. Exhibits focus on Pinckney’s contribution to the framing of the U.S.…

Charles River, river, eastern Massachusetts, U.S. It is the longest river wholly within the state, meandering slightly more than 80 miles (130 km) from its source in Hopkinton, southern Middlesex county, to its mouth on Boston Harbor. The river follows a winding course (south, northeast, north,

Boston: The Emerald Necklace: The Charles River basin—surrounded by parkland and patterned on the Alster River basin in Hamburg, Germany—remains one of the most handsome, distinctive, and popular features of Boston.

Charles River Bridge v. Warren Bridge, U.S. Supreme Court decision (1837) holding that rights not specifically conferred by a charter cannot be inferred from the language of the document. Chief Justice Roger B. Taney rejected the claim of a bridge company (Charles River) that the state

Charles I was a courtly, pious king of Hungary who restored his kingdom to the status of a great power and enriched and civilized it. Charles was the son of Charles Martel of Anjou-Naples and Clemencia of Habsburg, daughter of the Holy Roman emperor Rudolf I. As great-grandson of Stephen V and with

Scribner family: …founded in 1846 and named Charles Scribner’s Sons from 1878, issued books and several periodicals.

Charles Stark Draper: The Instruments Laboratory (I-Lab), which he founded in 1934, became a centre for both academic and commercial research, a combination that was not unusual at the time. It was through the I-Lab that Draper established a relationship with the Sperry Gyroscope Company (now part of Unisys…

Draper Prize, award given by the U.S. National Academy of Engineering (NAE) for specific engineering achievements that have significantly affected modern society “by improving the quality of life, providing the ability to live freely and comfortably, and/or permitting access to information.” The

Charles Stewart Mott: In 1926 he created the Charles Stewart Mott Foundation. His subsequent gifts of cash and stock made his foundation one of the largest in the country, with $300 million in assets by the time of his death. The foundation funded a wide range of social and educational services for Flint,…

Charles II was the king of Navarre from 1349, who made various short-lived attempts to expand Navarrese power in both France and Spain. He was the son and successor of Joan of France, queen of Navarre, and Philip, count of Évreux. Married in 1352 to Joan, daughter of John II of France, he demanded

Charles IV was the king of France and of Navarre (as Charles I) from 1322, the last of the direct line of the Capetian dynasty. His inglorious reign was marked by his invasion of Aquitaine and by political intrigues with his sister Isabella, wife of King Edward II of England. After the death of his

Charles II was the king of France (i.e., Francia Occidentalis, the West Frankish kingdom) from 843 to 877 and Western emperor from 875 to 877. (He is reckoned as Charles II both of the Holy Roman Empire and of France.) Son of the emperor Louis I the Pious and his second wife, Judith, Charles was

Charles I (or II) was the duke of Lorraine and an ally of the Burgundian faction in the internal strife that divided France during the Hundred Years’ War. He succeeded in uniting Lorraine with the duchy of Bar. Becoming duke in 1391, he followed his father’s example in allying Lorraine with the

Charles was the last of the great dukes of Burgundy (1467 to 1477). The son of Duke Philip III the Good of Burgundy, Charles was brought up in the French manner as a friend of the French dauphin, afterward Louis XI of France, who spent five years in Burgundy before his accession. Although he had

Charles III was a Frankish king and emperor, whose fall in 887 marked the final disintegration of the empire of Charlemagne. (Although he controlled France briefly, he is usually not reckoned among the kings of France). The youngest son of Louis the German and great-grandson of Charlemagne, Charles

Charles was the count of Flanders (1119–27), only son of St. Canute, or Canute IV of Denmark, by Adela, daughter of Robert I the Frisian, count of Flanders. After the assassination of Canute in 1086, his widow took refuge in Flanders, taking with her her son. Charles was brought up by his mother

Charlemagne was the king of the Franks (768–814), king of the Lombards (774–814), and first emperor (800–814) of the Romans and of what was later called the Holy Roman Empire. Around the time of the birth of Charlemagne—conventionally held to be 742 but likely to be 747 or 748—his father, Pippin

Charles II (or III) was the duke of Lorraine from 1545, whose reign is noted for its progress and prosperity. Charles was the son of Francis I of Lorraine and Christina of Denmark. On his father’s death in 1545, his mother became regent for him, and in 1552 Charles was taken to Paris by Henry II of

Charles II was the king of Naples and ruler of numerous other territories, who concluded the war to regain Sicily started by his father, Charles I. By making astute alliances and treaties, he greatly enlarged his dominions. Named prince of Salerno (1269) by his father and married by him to Maria,

Charles VI was the king of France who throughout his long reign (1380–1422) remained largely a figurehead, first because he was still a boy when he took the throne and later because of his periodic fits of madness. Crowned on October 25, 1380, at Reims at the age of 11, Charles remained under the

Charles II was the king of Spain from 1665 to 1700 and the last monarch of the Spanish Habsburg dynasty. Charles’s reign opened with a 10-year regency under the queen mother, during which the government was preoccupied with combatting the ambitions of the French king Louis XIV in the Low Countries

Charles III was the king of France (893–922), whose authority came to be accepted by Lorraine and who settled the Northmen in Normandy but who became the first Carolingian ruler of the western kingdom to lose his crown. The posthumous son of Louis II the Stammerer by a marriage of contested

Charles VII was the king of France from 1422 to 1461, who succeeded—partly with the aid of Joan of Arc—in driving the English from French soil and in solidifying the administration of the monarchy. Before ascending the throne he was known as the Dauphin and was regent for his father, Charles VI,

Charles VI was the king of France who throughout his long reign (1380–1422) remained largely a figurehead, first because he was still a boy when he took the throne and later because of his periodic fits of madness. Crowned on October 25, 1380, at Reims at the age of 11, Charles remained under the

Charles VII was the king of France from 1422 to 1461, who succeeded—partly with the aid of Joan of Arc—in driving the English from French soil and in solidifying the administration of the monarchy. Before ascending the throne he was known as the Dauphin and was regent for his father, Charles VI,

Charles V was the king of France from 1364 who led the country in a miraculous recovery from the devastation of the first phase of the Hundred Years’ War (1337–1453), reversing the disastrous Anglo-French settlement of 1360. Having purchased the Dauphiné (on France’s southeastern frontier) in 1349,

France: The kingdoms created at Verdun: …them by installing his sons—first Charles the Child (reigned 855–866) and then Louis II (the Stammerer; 867–877)—on the throne of Aquitaine. The problems in Aquitaine were closely connected to general unrest among the magnates, who wished to keep the regional king under their control. By accumulating countships and creating dynasties,…

Charles Theodore was the elector (1742–77) of the Palatinate branch of the House of Wittelsbach and thereafter (1777–99) of the united Palatinate lands after inheriting Bavaria. The latter inheritance touched off the battleless War of the Bavarian Succession. The son of Count Palatinate John

Charles Town, city, seat (1801) of Jefferson county, in the eastern panhandle of West Virginia, U.S. The city lies 16 miles (26 km) southeast of Martinsburg. Laid out in 1786 by George Washington’s youngest brother, Charles, it early became the residence of some of Virginia’s most aristocratic

Nassau, capital of The Bahamas, West Indies, a port on the northeastern coast of New Providence Island, and one of the world’s chief pleasure resorts. The climate is temperate, and the sandy beaches and scenery are beautiful. Although the city proper is comparatively small, suburbs and residential

Charleston, city, capital of West Virginia, U.S., seat of Kanawha county, and the largest city in the state. It is situated in the Allegheny Mountains, at the confluence of the Elk and Kanawha rivers (there bridged to South Charleston), in the south-central part of the state. The settlement

Charleston, city, seat of Charleston county, southeastern South Carolina, U.S. It is a major port on the Atlantic coast, a historic centre of Southern culture, and the hub of a large urbanized area that includes Mount Pleasant, North Charleston, Hanahan, and Goose Creek. The city is situated on a

Charles University, state-controlled institution of higher learning in Prague, Czech Republic. The school was founded in 1348 by the Holy Roman emperor Charles IV, from whom it takes its name. It was the first university in central Europe. Among its buildings, scattered throughout Prague, is the

Charles V was the king of France from 1364 who led the country in a miraculous recovery from the devastation of the first phase of the Hundred Years’ War (1337–1453), reversing the disastrous Anglo-French settlement of 1360. Having purchased the Dauphiné (on France’s southeastern frontier) in 1349,

Charles V was the Holy Roman emperor (1519–56), king of Spain (as Charles I; 1516–56), and archduke of Austria (as Charles I; 1519–21), who inherited a Spanish and Habsburg empire extending across Europe from Spain and the Netherlands to Austria and the Kingdom of Naples and reaching overseas to

Carlos María Isidro de Borbón, conde de Molina was the first Carlist pretender to the Spanish throne (as Charles V) and the second surviving son of King Charles IV (see Carlism). Don Carlos was imprisoned in Napoleonic France from 1808 to 1814. During the period of liberal rule (1820–23) he was

Charles IV (or V) Leopold was the duke of Lorraine and Bar, Austrian field marshal who commanded the forces defeating the Turks before the gates of Vienna in 1683 and subsequently expelled them from most of Hungary. Charles, a nephew of Duke Charles III (or IV), entered the Austrian army in 1664

Western architecture: Classical: …appeared in 1526 in the Palace of Charles V within the Alhambra at Granada. The Palace of Charles V was the first Italian Classical building in Spain, in contrast to Plateresque buildings that were Classical only in terms of a few elements of Italian Renaissance decoration. Charles V, as king…

Charles VI was the king of France who throughout his long reign (1380–1422) remained largely a figurehead, first because he was still a boy when he took the throne and later because of his periodic fits of madness. Crowned on October 25, 1380, at Reims at the age of 11, Charles remained under the

Charles VI was the Holy Roman emperor from 1711 and, as Charles III, archduke of Austria and king of Hungary. As pretender to the throne of Spain (as Charles III), he attempted unsuccessfully to reestablish the global empire of his 16th-century ancestor Charles V. He was the author of the Pragmatic

Carlos Luis de Borbón, count de Montemolín was the second Carlist, or Bourbon traditionalist, Spanish pretender (as Charles VI) who twice attempted unsuccessfully to seize the throne and who by perpetuating the breach within the Bourbon royal family helped weaken support for the monarchy.

Charles III was the king of Spain (1759–88) and king of Naples (as Charles VII, 1734–59), one of the “enlightened despots” of the 18th century, who helped lead Spain to a brief cultural and economic revival. Charles was the first child of Philip V’s marriage with Isabella of Parma. Charles ruled as

Carlos María de los Dolores de Borbón y Austria-este, duke de Madrid was the fourth Carlist, or Bourbon traditionalist, pretender to the Spanish throne (as Charles VII). His military incompetence and lack of leadership led to the final decline of the Carlist cause. Don Carlos was the great-grandson

Charles VII was the king of France from 1422 to 1461, who succeeded—partly with the aid of Joan of Arc—in driving the English from French soil and in solidifying the administration of the monarchy. Before ascending the throne he was known as the Dauphin and was regent for his father, Charles VI,

Charles VII was the elector of Bavaria (1726–45), who was elected Holy Roman emperor (1742–45) in opposition to the Habsburg Maria Theresa’s husband, Francis, grand duke of Tuscany. Succeeding to the Bavarian throne in 1726, Charles Albert renounced any claims to the Austrian succession when he

Charles VIII was the king of France from 1483, known for beginning the French expeditions into Italy that lasted until the middle of the next century. The only son of Louis XI and Charlotte of Savoy, Charles showed no aptitude for government at the time of his accession: he was in poor health and

Charles VIII Knutsson was the king of Sweden (1448–57, 1464–65, 1467–70), who represented the interests of the commercially oriented, anti-Danish Swedish nobility against the older landowning class of nobles who favoured a union with Denmark. He was twice removed from office by his opponents. His

Mystic: …its waterfront the 19th-century whaler Charles W. Morgan (1841) and other ships, including the square-rigged Joseph Conrad (1882). A unique row of old sea captains’ houses is preserved. Denison Homestead (1717) is a museum displaying lifestyles from colonial times to 1900, and Olde Mistick Village is a colonial-style recreation and…

Charles William Ferdinand of Brunswick was the duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg-Wolfenbüttel, a Prussian field marshal, and an enlightened ruler. Though he was Frederick II the Great’s nephew and favourite disciple, Charles proved to be less than successful in his military career, being defeated by

Charles X was the king of France from 1824 to 1830. His reign dramatized the failure of the Bourbons, after their restoration, to reconcile the tradition of the monarchy by divine right with the democratic spirit produced in the wake of the French Revolution. The fifth son of the dauphin Louis and

Charles X Gustav was the king of Sweden who conducted the First Northern War (1655–60) against a coalition eventually embracing Poland, Russia, Brandenburg, the Netherlands, and Denmark. His aim was to establish a unified northern state. In 1642 Charles, the son of John Casimir and Charles IX’s

Charles XI was the king of Sweden who expanded royal power at the expense of the higher nobility and the lower estates, establishing an absolutist monarchy that ended only with the death of Charles XII in 1718. Charles, the only son of Charles X Gustav and Hedvig Eleonora of Holstein-Gottorp, was

Charles XII was the king of Sweden (1697–1718), an absolute monarch who defended his country for 18 years during the Great Northern War and promoted significant domestic reforms. He launched a disastrous invasion of Russia (1707–09), resulting in the complete collapse of the Swedish armies and the

biblical literature: Scandinavian versions: …altered Bible was called the Charles XII Bible because it was printed during the reign of Charles XII. In 1917 the diet of the Lutheran church published a completely fresh translation directly from modern critical editions of the Hebrew and Greek originals, and it received the authorization of Gustaf V…

Charles XIII was the king of Sweden from 1809 and, from 1814 to 1818, the first king of the union of Sweden and Norway (called Karl II in Norway). The second son of King Adolf Frederick of Sweden, he was created duke of Södermanland by his elder brother, King Gustav III, and later served as admiral

Charles XIV John was a French Revolutionary general and marshal of France (1804), who was elected crown prince of Sweden (1810), becoming regent and then king of Sweden and Norway (1818–44). Active in several Napoleonic campaigns between 1805 and 1809, he subsequently shifted allegiances and formed

Charles XV was the king of Sweden and Norway from 1859 to 1872 (called Karl IV in Norway). Succeeding his father, Oscar I, Charles was an intelligent and artistically inclined ruler much liked in both kingdoms. The royal power, however, was considerably reduced during his reign as the Riksdag

Charles’s law, a statement that the volume occupied by a fixed amount of gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature, if the pressure remains constant. This empirical relation was first suggested by the French physicist J.-A.-C. Charles about 1787 and was later placed on a sound

Ursa Major, in astronomy, a constellation of the northern sky, at about 10 hours 40 minutes right ascension and 56° north declination. It was referred to in the Old Testament (Job 9:9; 38:32) and mentioned by Homer in the Iliad (xviii, 487). The Greeks identified this constellation with the nymph

Ursa Major, in astronomy, a constellation of the northern sky, at about 10 hours 40 minutes right ascension and 56° north declination. It was referred to in the Old Testament (Job 9:9; 38:32) and mentioned by Homer in the Iliad (xviii, 487). The Greeks identified this constellation with the nymph

Archduke Charles was an Austrian archduke, field marshal, army reformer, and military theoretician who was one of the few Allied commanders capable of defeating the French generals of the Napoleonic period. He modernized the Austrian army during the first decade of the 19th century, making it a

Carl Ebert was a German-born opera director who, as artistic director and producer of the Glyndebourne Festival Opera from 1935 to 1959, established new standards of production in British opera. Ebert started his career as an actor in 1909 and went on to direct the Darmstadt State Theatre before

Eugenia Charles was a lawyer and politician who served as prime minister of Dominica from 1980 to 1995. She was the country’s first woman lawyer and the first woman prime minister to serve in the Caribbean. Charles was the granddaughter of enslaved people. . Her father’s success as a fruit exporter

Charles IX was the king of France from 1560, remembered for authorizing the massacre of Protestants on St. Bartholomew’s Day, August 23–24, 1572, on the advice of his mother, Catherine de Médicis. The second son of Henry II and Catherine, Charles became king on the death of his brother Francis II,

Eugenia Charles was a lawyer and politician who served as prime minister of Dominica from 1980 to 1995. She was the country’s first woman lawyer and the first woman prime minister to serve in the Caribbean. Charles was the granddaughter of enslaved people. . Her father’s success as a fruit exporter

Ezzard Charles was an American world heavyweight boxing champion from September 27, 1950, when he outpointed Joe Louis in 15 rounds in New York City, to July 18, 1951, when he was knocked out by Jersey Joe Walcott in 7 rounds in Pittsburgh. (Read Gene Tunney’s 1929 Britannica essay on boxing.)

Ezzard Charles was an American world heavyweight boxing champion from September 27, 1950, when he outpointed Joe Louis in 15 rounds in New York City, to July 18, 1951, when he was knocked out by Jersey Joe Walcott in 7 rounds in Pittsburgh. (Read Gene Tunney’s 1929 Britannica essay on boxing.)

Jacques Charles was a French mathematician, physicist, and inventor who, with Nicolas Robert, was the first to ascend in a hydrogen balloon (1783). About 1787 he developed Charles’s law concerning the thermal expansion of gases. From clerking in the finance ministry Charles turned to science and

Jacques Charles was a French mathematician, physicist, and inventor who, with Nicolas Robert, was the first to ascend in a hydrogen balloon (1783). About 1787 he developed Charles’s law concerning the thermal expansion of gases. From clerking in the finance ministry Charles turned to science and

Haakon VII was the first king of Norway following the restoration of that country’s full independence in 1905. The second son of the future king Frederick VIII of Denmark, he was originally called Prince Charles (Carl) of Denmark. He was trained for a naval career. In 1896 he married Princess Maud,

Charles, prince of Lorraine and Bar was an Austrian field marshal and administrator whose exemplary governorship of the Austrian Netherlands overshadowed his questionable military talents. When his eldest brother, Francis, married the future Habsburg empress Maria Theresa in 1736, Charles joined

biblical literature: Definitions: Charles in 1913, however, contains a translation of Pirqe Avot (“Sayings of the Fathers”), an ethical tractate from the Mishna (a collection of oral laws), and even the non-Jewish Story of Aḥiḳar (a folklore hero), though other genuine Jewish writings from antiquity are omitted. Some…

Ray Charles was an American pianist, singer, composer, and bandleader, a leading entertainer billed as “the Genius.” Charles was credited with the early development of soul music, a style based on a melding of gospel, rhythm and blues, and jazz music. When Charles was an infant his family moved to

RuPaul is an American entertainer who carved out an idiosyncratic place in popular culture as perhaps the most famous drag queen in the United States in the 1990s and early 21st century. RuPaul was born in California to parents who divorced by the time he was seven. At age 15 he moved in with one

Charles Edward, the Young Pretender , also known as the Young Pretender, was the last serious Stuart claimant to the British throne and leader of the unsuccessful Jacobite rebellion of 1745–46. Charles’s grandfather was the exiled Roman Catholic king James II (ruled 1685–88), and his father, James

Thomas Charles was a Welsh religious leader, a founder of Calvinistic Methodism in Wales and an inspirer of missionary activities. Educated at the dissenting academy in Carmarthen and at Jesus College, Oxford, after holding curacies in Somerset, he settled in 1783 in the neighbourhood of Bala, his

Connecticut Sun: …year the Sun selected UConn’s Tina Charles with the first overall pick in the WNBA draft, and she soon became a dominant force in the league. In 2011 she led the Sun back to the playoffs, where the team was eliminated in the Eastern Conference semifinals by the Atlanta Dream.…