Mount Tai, mountain mass with several peaks along a southwest-northeast axis to the north of the city of Tai’an in Shandong province, eastern China. Mount Tai consists of a much-shattered fault block, mostly composed of archaic crystalline shales and granites and some ancient limestones. The

tondo: …for a painting of the Holy Family (Uffizi) commissioned by the Doni family.

short story: Spreading popularity: …unique in tales of ribaldry; Anton Francesco Doni included several tales of surprise and irony in his miscellany, I marmi (“The Marbles”); and Gianfrancesco Straparola experimented with common folktales and with dialects in his collection, Le piacevoli notti (“The Pleasant Nights”). In the early 17th century, Giambattista Basile attempted to…

enamelwork: Japan: When Dōnin Hirata I (1591–1646) made enamelled wares, having learned the technique from Koreans, his art was highly appreciated by Tokugawa Ieyasu, then the shogun of Japan, under whose patronage Hirata worked in Kyōto. There is a suit of armour with enamelled metal fittings ascribed to…

Karl Dönitz was a German naval officer and creator of Germany’s World War II U-boat fleet who for a few days succeeded Adolf Hitler as German head of state. During World War I, Dönitz served as a submarine officer in the Black Sea and the Mediterranean. In the aftermath of Hitler’s accession to

Gaetano Donizetti was an Italian opera composer whose numerous operas in both Italian and French represent a transitional stage in operatic development between Rossini and Verdi. Among his major works are Lucia di Lammermoor (1835), La fille du régiment (1840), and La favorite (1840). In his

Gaetano Donizetti was an Italian opera composer whose numerous operas in both Italian and French represent a transitional stage in operatic development between Rossini and Verdi. Among his major works are Lucia di Lammermoor (1835), La fille du régiment (1840), and La favorite (1840). In his

keep, English term corresponding to the French donjon for the strongest portion of the fortification of a castle, the place of last resort in case of siege or attack. The keep was either a single tower or a larger fortified enclosure. Approximately round keeps, such as those in Berkeley Castle or

donjon, Most heavily fortified area of a medieval castle, usually a tower, to which the occupants could retire during a siege. It contained a well, quarters, offices, and service rooms. One side often overlooked the bailey (grounds between encircling walls); the other commanded the field and

donkey, (Equus asinus), domestic ass belonging to the horse family, Equidae, and descended from the African wild ass (Equus africanus). It is known to have been used as a beast of burden since 4000 bce. The average donkey stands 101.6 cm (40 inches) at the shoulder and weighs about 250 kg (551

Donkey Kong, electronic game, originally released in 1981 by the Japanese Nintendo Company Ltd., that spawned a popular franchise and helped start the video game revolution of the 1980s. The arcade machine marked the first appearance of Donkey Kong, a rampaging ape who rolled barrels down a series

Donkey Kong: …sequels, including the critically acclaimed Donkey Kong Country series, and it inspired a cartoon television show and a documentary.

donkey orchid, (genus Diuris), genus of about 60 species of terrestrial orchids (family Orchidaceae). One species is found in Java and Timor, and the others are native to Australia. The common donkey orchid (Diuris longifolia) bears three to five purplish flowers about 4 cm (1.5 inches) long. Other

stonecrop: Major species: …several related stonecrops, such as burro’s tail, also called donkey’s tail (S. morganianum), and carpet sedum (S. lineare).

Michael Frayn: Frayn’s other plays included Donkeys’ Years (1977), Benefactors (1984), Here: A Play in Two Acts (1993), Copenhagen (1998), Democracy (2003), and Afterlife (2008).

Bryan Donkin was the developer of a commercial application of the so-called Fourdrinier machine for making paper and inventor of the composition roller used in printing. While serving as an apprentice to a papermaker, John Hall, in Dartford, Kent, Donkin was engaged to perfect a papermaking machine

J.P. Donleavy was an American-born Irish author of the comic novel The Ginger Man (Paris, 1955; U.S., 1958), which introduced Dangerfield, a crass, comic antihero. Donleavy’s works are noted for their coarse sense of humour and for characters who remain deeply attached to life despite its flaws.

J.P. Donleavy was an American-born Irish author of the comic novel The Ginger Man (Paris, 1955; U.S., 1958), which introduced Dangerfield, a crass, comic antihero. Donleavy’s works are noted for their coarse sense of humour and for characters who remain deeply attached to life despite its flaws.

Stuart Heisler: Films of the 1940s: …fanciful Dalton Trumbo script, featured Brian Donlevy as the ghost of Andrew Jackson, back to aid a do-gooder (played by William Holden). Arguably better was The Glass Key (1942), a terse adaptation of the 1930 Dashiell Hammett novel, which had previously been filmed in 1935. Heisler’s version featured the pairing…

Michael Grandage: …he became involved with London’s Donmar Warehouse, becoming an associate director in 2000 and succeeding Sam Mendes as artistic director in 2002.

Dönme, (Turkish: “Convert”), Jewish sect founded in Salonika (now Thessaloníki, Greece) in the late 17th century, after the conversion to Islām of Shabbetai Tzevi, whom the sectarians believed to be the Messiah. The Dönme, who numbered about 15,000 in the late 20th century, are found primarily in

Dönme, (Turkish: “Convert”), Jewish sect founded in Salonika (now Thessaloníki, Greece) in the late 17th century, after the conversion to Islām of Shabbetai Tzevi, whom the sectarians believed to be the Messiah. The Dönme, who numbered about 15,000 in the late 20th century, are found primarily in

Celtic religion: Cosmology and eschatology: Donn, god of the dead and ancestor of all the Irish, reigned over Tech Duinn, which was imagined as on or under Bull Island off the Beare Peninsula, and to him all men returned except the happy few.

Celtic religion: Zoomorphic deities: …is the divine bull, the Donn Cuailnge (“Brown Bull of Cooley”), which has a central role in the great Irish hero-tale Táin Bó Cuailnge (“The Cattle Raid of Cooley”) and which recalls the Tarvos Trigaranus (“The Bull of the Three Cranes”) pictured on reliefs from the cathedral at Trier, W.Ger.,…

comet: Cometary nuclei: …first proposed by American astronomer Bertram Donn and British astronomer David Hughes in 1982, or “primordial rubble piles,” proposed by American astronomer Paul Weissman (the author of this article) in 1986, with low binding strength and high porosity. Key data supporting these models are estimates of nucleus bulk density, ranging…

Ritchie Valens: …followed later that year by “Donna,” a ballad written for an ex-girlfriend, and “La Bamba,” Valens’s best-remembered recording, a rock and roll reworking of a traditional Mexican wedding song, sung in Spanish (though Valens hardly spoke the language). He performed the Little Richard-inspired “Ooh! My Head” in the film Go,…

Guido Cavalcanti: …which the most famous is “Donna mi prega” (“A Lady Asks Me”), a beautiful and complex philosophical analysis of love, the subject of many later commentaries. Others are sonnets and ballate (ballads), the latter type usually considered his best. One of his best-known ballate was also one of his last,…

Donna Reed: …in the long-running television sitcom The Donna Reed Show (1958–66); she was nominated four times (1959–62) for Emmy Awards and in 1963 won a Golden Globe Award for that role. Following the end of that series, she acted only sporadically. She starred in TV movies in 1979 and 1983, guest-starred…

Marguerite Duras was a French novelist, screenwriter, scenarist, playwright, and film director, internationally known for her screenplays of Hiroshima mon amour (1959) and India Song (1975). The novel L’Amant (1984; The Lover; film, 1992) won the prestigious Prix Goncourt in 1984. Duras spent most

Dong Nai River, river rising in the central highlands (Annamese Cordillera) of southern Vietnam, northwest of Da Lat. Near its source the river has rapids and is known as the Da Dung River. It flows west and southwest for about 300 miles (480 km), joining the Saigon River southwest of Bien Hoa. At

Frederick George Donnan: …have both become associated with Donnan’s name.

Frederick George Donnan was a British chemist whose work was instrumental in the development of colloid chemistry. Donnan was educated at Queen’s College in Belfast, N.Ire., and at the Universities of Leipzig, Berlin, and London. From 1904 to 1913 he taught at the University of Liverpool, and from

Maurice Donnay was a French playwright whose dramas deal with love and adultery, social problems, and the manners of his time. Donnay was born into a wealthy family and originally trained to be a civil engineer. His dramatic career began with monologues written for the literary cabaret Le

Maurice Donnay was a French playwright whose dramas deal with love and adultery, social problems, and the manners of his time. Donnay was born into a wealthy family and originally trained to be a civil engineer. His dramatic career began with monologues written for the literary cabaret Le

Hans Memling: …that for the triptych of The Virgin and Child with Saints and Donors (sometimes called the Donne Triptych because Memling’s patron was Sir John Donne). Once dated very early—about 1468—because it was believed that the patron commissioned the work while visiting Bruges for the wedding of Charles the Bold (duke…

John Donne: Life and career: …and fell in love with Anne More, niece of Egerton’s second wife and the daughter of Sir George More, who was chancellor of the garter. Knowing there was no chance of obtaining Sir George’s blessing on their union, the two married secretly, probably in December 1601. For this offense Sir…

John Donne was a leading English poet of the Metaphysical school and dean of St. Paul’s Cathedral, London (1621–31). Donne is often considered the greatest love poet in the English language. He is also noted for his religious verse and treatises and for his sermons, which rank among the best of the

Ignatius Donnelly was an American novelist, orator, and social reformer, one of the leading advocates of the theory that Francis Bacon was the author of William Shakespeare’s plays. Donnelly grew up in Philadelphia, where he became a lawyer. In 1856 he moved to Minnesota, where, with another

Joe Donnelly is an American Democratic politician who represented Indiana in the U.S. Senate from 2013 to 2019. He previously served in the U.S. House of Representatives (2007–13). In 2022, Donnelly became the U.S. ambassador to the Holy See. Donnelly was born in New York City and raised on Long

Joe Donnelly is an American Democratic politician who represented Indiana in the U.S. Senate from 2013 to 2019. He previously served in the U.S. House of Representatives (2007–13). In 2022, Donnelly became the U.S. ambassador to the Holy See. Donnelly was born in New York City and raised on Long

James Crerar Reaney: …and experimental trilogy of plays, The Donnellys (1975–77), tells the story of an Irish immigrant family murdered in Lucan, Ont., in 1880. His Fourteen Barrels from Sea to Sea (1977) is a commentary on the production, reception, and countrywide tours of The Donnellys, written in the form of a travel…

Donner party: Donner Lake and Donner Pass, California, are named for the party.

Donner party, group of American pioneers—named for the expedition’s captain, George Donner—who became stranded en route to California in late 1846. The party was trapped by exceptionally heavy snow in the Sierra Nevada, and, when food ran out, some members of the group reportedly resorted to

Donner Pass, pass, in the Sierra Nevada of northern California, U.S., that is the most important transmontane route (rail and highway) connecting San Francisco with Reno, Nevada. Rising to an elevation of more than 7,000 feet (2,100 metres), it lies 35 miles (55 km) west-southwest of Reno. During

Georg Raphael Donner was a sculptor whose works marked the transition from the Baroque to the Neoclassical style. While studying for the priesthood in Heiligenkreutz, Donner met the sculptor Giovanni Giuliani and was encouraged to take up sculpture, working in Giuliani’s studio and later entering

Donner party: …pioneers—named for the expedition’s captain, George Donner—who became stranded en route to California in late 1846. The party was trapped by exceptionally heavy snow in the Sierra Nevada, and, when food ran out, some members of the group reportedly resorted to cannibalism of those already dead. It was the worst…

Richard Donner was an American film director who emerged in the 1980s as one of Hollywood’s most reliable makers of action blockbusters, most notably the Lethal Weapon films. Donner acted in Off-Broadway productions before moving to California, where he began directing industrial films and

Donner party, group of American pioneers—named for the expedition’s captain, George Donner—who became stranded en route to California in late 1846. The party was trapped by exceptionally heavy snow in the Sierra Nevada, and, when food ran out, some members of the group reportedly resorted to

Bonanno crime family: …films The Godfather (1972) and Donnie Brasco (1997). Joseph Bonanno’s autobiography, A Man of Honor, was released in 1983, making him the first boss to break the Mafia’s code of silence and write about his dealings. Other notable books include Honor Thy Father (1971), a nonfiction work by Gay Talese…

Drew Barrymore: Stardom: …in the sci-fi cult classic Donnie Darko (2001), which starred Jake Gyllenhaal as a troubled teenage boy who talks to an oversized rabbitlike creature. Barrymore’s other films included the comic thriller Confessions of a Dangerous Mind (2002), the environmentally themed drama Big Miracle (2012), and the romantic comedies 50 First

Paolo Uccello was a Florentine painter whose work attempted uniquely to reconcile two distinct artistic styles—the essentially decorative late Gothic and the new heroic style of the early Renaissance. Probably his most famous paintings are three panels representing the Battle of San Romano (c.

Irish literature: The 21st century: …writers of note have been Emma Donoghue, whose harrowing novel Room (2010) was made into an acclaimed feature film in 2015, and Claire Keegan, whose best-known works include the short story “Foster” (2010) and the novella Small Things Like These (2021). The latter confronts Ireland’s shameful legacy of the Magdalene…

dopant: …or arsenic, which are called donor atoms, and the semiconductor is classed as n-type (n for negative, because the charge carriers are electrons, which are negatively charged particles). Doping with atoms such as boron or indium, which have only three electrons available, creates a positively charged site, or “hole,” in…

acid–base reaction: Reactions of Lewis acids: …bond is termed semipolar or coordinate, as in the reaction of boron trifluoride with ammonia:

Hans Memling: …including a pendant with the donor’s portrait (as in the Madonna and Martin van Nieuwenhove). Many devotional diptychs (two-panel paintings) such as this were painted in 15th-century Flanders. They consist of a portrait of the “donor”—or patron—in one panel, reverently gazing at the Madonna and Child in the other. Such…

Hans Memling: …including a pendant with the donor’s portrait (as in the Madonna and Martin van Nieuwenhove). Many devotional diptychs (two-panel paintings) such as this were painted in 15th-century Flanders. They consist of a portrait of the “donor”—or patron—in one panel, reverently gazing at the Madonna and Child in the other. Such…

Donor-advised funds (DAF) have surged in popularity over the past few years, according to data compiled by Giving USA. These vehicles allow people to receive an immediate charitable tax deduction while spreading their donations out over time. Are you a philanthropically minded individual interested

José Donoso was a Chilean novelist and short-story writer who was important in the development of the Latin American new novel. He used dark surrealism, black comedy, and social satire to explore the lives of decaying aristocrats in a morally disintegrating society. After studying at the

Donostia–San Sebastián, city, capital of Guipúzcoa provincia (province), northeastern Basque Country comunidad autónoma(autonomous community), north-central Spain. It is a fashionable seaside resort at the mouth of the canalized Urumea River on the Bay of Biscay, east of Bilbao and near the French

Donostia–San Sebastián, city, capital of Guipúzcoa provincia (province), northeastern Basque Country comunidad autónoma(autonomous community), north-central Spain. It is a fashionable seaside resort at the mouth of the canalized Urumea River on the Bay of Biscay, east of Bilbao and near the French

Donoughmore Commission, committee sent by the British government to Ceylon in 1927 to examine the Ceylonese constitution and to make recommendations for its revision. The commission’s recommendations, reluctantly accepted by Ceylonese political leaders, served as the basis for the new constitution

Donovan is a Scottish singer-songwriter who had consistent commercial success with his playful pop songs in the mid- to late 1960s. Looking and sounding like Bob Dylan, Donovan emerged in 1965 as a folksinger with “Catch the Wind.” As the musical landscape became more kaleidoscopic, Donovan adapted

Frank Capra: Early life and work: …was the comedic murder mystery The Donovan Affair (1929). Flight (also released in 1929) was notable for Capra’s insistence on staging and filming all of its aerial action without tricks or special effects.

granuloma inguinale: Encapsulated bacilli called Donovan bodies (Calymmatobacterium granulomatis) occur in smears from the lesions or in biopsy material and are thought to be the cause of the disease. Granuloma inguinale is treated with streptomycin or with broad-spectrum antibiotics.

Dorothy Lamour: …Show on Earth (1952), and Donovan’s Reef (1963). She had roles in some 60 films in all, made guest appearances in television series, and also toured in stage shows such as Hello, Dolly! and a one-woman show comprising songs, reminiscences, and a question-and-answer session. Lamour’s autobiography, My Side of the…

Anne Donovan was an American basketball player who is often credited with revolutionizing the centre position in women’s basketball. She later had a successful coaching career. As a 6-foot 8-inch (2.03-metre) college freshman, Donovan faced high expectations when she entered Old Dominion University

Landon Donovan is an American professional football (soccer) player, widely regarded as the greatest American male player in the history of the sport. Donovan was a star player in high school in Redlands, California, and in 1998 he joined the U.S. national under-17 (U-17) team. His success in U-17

weight throw: In 1914 P. Donovan (United States) set a world record for throwing the 56-pound weight for height with a distance of 5.17 metres (16.96 feet). By the second half of the 20th century, there no longer was any international competition in weight throwing, and performances did not…

William J. Donovan was an American lawyer, soldier, and diplomat who directed (1942–45) the U.S. Office of Strategic Services (OSS) during World War II. Donovan began the practice of law in Buffalo in 1907. In 1916 he served in the New York National Guard on the Mexican border and in World War I he

William J. Donovan was an American lawyer, soldier, and diplomat who directed (1942–45) the U.S. Office of Strategic Services (OSS) during World War II. Donovan began the practice of law in Buffalo in 1907. In 1916 he served in the New York National Guard on the Mexican border and in World War I he

William J. Donovan was an American lawyer, soldier, and diplomat who directed (1942–45) the U.S. Office of Strategic Services (OSS) during World War II. Donovan began the practice of law in Buffalo in 1907. In 1916 he served in the New York National Guard on the Mexican border and in World War I he

granuloma inguinale: …bacilli called Donovan bodies (Calymmatobacterium granulomatis) occur in smears from the lesions or in biopsy material and are thought to be the cause of the disease. Granuloma inguinale is treated with streptomycin or with broad-spectrum antibiotics.

Mark Donskoy was a motion-picture writer and director best known for a trilogy based on the autobiography of the Russian proletarian novelist Maxim Gorky. In 1926 Donskoy began his cinema career as a scriptwriter and assistant director. He soon became a director of lyrical and personal films that

Mark Donskoy was a motion-picture writer and director best known for a trilogy based on the autobiography of the Russian proletarian novelist Maxim Gorky. In 1926 Donskoy began his cinema career as a scriptwriter and assistant director. He soon became a director of lyrical and personal films that

Donus was the pope from 676 to 678. Elected (August 676) to succeed Adeodatus II, Donus ended a schism created by Archbishop Maurus of Ravenna (whose plan was to make Ravenna ecclesiastically independent) by receiving the obedience of Maurus’ successor Reparatus. Donus is said to have dispersed the

doughnut, a small ring of sweet leavened dough that has been fried or sometimes baked. The term doughnut may also be used more broadly to refer to foods such as long johns, pączki, bear claws, crullers, and others that resemble doughnuts in form or composition—i.e., are either ring-shaped or

France: Rural society: …the designation of “squire” (or donzel, in the south) for those of noble birth awaiting or postponing the expensive dubbing (adoubement). At the upper extreme, a noble elite, the barons, achieved recognition in administration and law.

Kurosawa Akira: Films of the 1950s: Macbeth, and Donzoko (1957; The Lower Depths) was from Maxim Gorky’s drama: each of these films is skillfully Japanized. Throne of Blood, which reflects the style of the sets and acting of the Japanese Noh play and uses not a word of the original text, has been called the…

Miles Davis: Legacy: His final album, Doo-Bop (1992), was released posthumously.

doo-wop, style of rhythm-and-blues and rock-and-roll vocal music popular in the 1950s and ’60s. The structure of doo-wop music generally featured a tenor lead vocalist singing the melody of the song with a trio or quartet singing background harmony. The term doo-wop is derived from the sounds made

Bruno Mars: Doo-Wops & Hooligans, Unorthodox Jukebox, and Uptown Funk: …months later by the album Doo-Wops & Hooligans, which introduced the hit singles “Just the Way You Are,” “Grenade,” and “The Lazy Song.” The album made him a star and garnered him his first Grammy Award, for best male pop vocal performance (for “Just the Way You Are”). Unorthodox Jukebox…

Duars, region of northeastern India, at the foot of the east-central Himalayas. It is divided by the Sankosh River into the Western and Eastern Duars. Both were ceded by Bhutan to the British at the end of the Bhutan War (1864–65). The Eastern Duars, in western Assam state, comprises a level plain

frustration-aggression hypothesis: Background and assumptions: Leonard Doob, Neal Miller, O.H. Mowrer, and Robert Sears—in an important monograph, Frustration and Aggression (1939), in which they integrated ideas and findings from several disciplines, especially sociology, anthropology, and psychology. Their work was notable for its eclectic use of

the Doobie Brothers, American rock band whose shift from Southern rock and blues-inspired compositions toward a commercially appealing soft rock sound resulted in its relevance and popularity throughout the 1970s and early 1980s. The band was formed in San Jose, California, in 1970 by

Blechnaceae: …species of Blechnum (deer fern), Doodia (hacksaw fern), and Woodwardia (chain fern) are cultivated as ornamentals in gardens, greenhouses, conservatories, and homes.

doodle, absent-minded scrawl or scribble, usually executed in some unexpected place, such as the margin of a book or manuscript or a blotting pad when the doodler is preoccupied with some other activity, such as attending a meeting or lecture. The word is supposed to have gained currency because of

antlion, (family Myrmeleontidae), family of about 2,000 species of insects that are named for the predatory nature of the larva, which commonly trap ants and other small insects in pits dug into the ground. Antlions are found throughout the world, primarily in dry, sandy regions. The antlion larva

V-1 missile, German jet-propelled missile of World War II, the forerunner of modern cruise missiles. More than 8,000 V-1s were launched against London from June 13, 1944, to March 29, 1945, with about 2,400 hitting the target area. A smaller number were fired against Belgium. The rockets were

Mayim Bialik: Early life as a child actor: >Doogie Howser, M.D..

Green Day: …released Green Day’s major-label debut, Dookie, in 1994. The album carried the band’s catchy pop-punk sound and Armstrong’s apathetic lyrics into the mainstream, earning a Grammy Award for best alternative music performance and selling more than 15 million copies worldwide.

Finley Peter Dunne: …who created the homely philosopher Mr. Dooley.

Finley Peter Dunne: …who created the homely philosopher Mr. Dooley.

Thomas Anthony Dooley was a "jungle doctor" whose lectures and books recounted his efforts to supply medical aid to peoples of less developed countries, mainly in Southeast Asia. A graduate of St. Louis University medical school (M.D. 1953), he was serving with the U.S. Navy as a medical officer

Bill Doolin was a Western outlaw who led a gang through robberies in Oklahoma and east Texas, 1892–95. A member of the Dalton brothers gang, he alone missed the bloody ambush of the Coffeyville, Kan., bank robbery (Oct. 5, 1892); his horse had pulled lame long before reaching town. Thereafter, he

Bill Doolin was a Western outlaw who led a gang through robberies in Oklahoma and east Texas, 1892–95. A member of the Dalton brothers gang, he alone missed the bloody ambush of the Coffeyville, Kan., bank robbery (Oct. 5, 1892); his horse had pulled lame long before reaching town. Thereafter, he

Pixies: In 1989 the group released Doolittle, its most revered album, which built upon the Pixies’ existing formula and perfected the stop-and-start dynamics that would perhaps become its greatest legacy to later alternative bands, especially Nirvana. Bossanova, a surf music-inspired variation on the earlier albums, followed in 1990. By this time,…

Doolittle Raid, (April 18, 1942), during World War II, U.S. Army Air Forces bombing raid on Tokyo and other Japanese cities. Lieut. Col. James H. Doolittle led 16 B-25 bombers from the U.S. Navy aircraft carrier Hornet in a spectacular surprise attack that caused little damage but boosted Allied

Eliza Doolittle, fictional character, a Cockney flower girl who is transformed into a woman of poise and polish in George Bernard Shaw’s play Pygmalion (performed 1913; filmed 1938; adapted as the stage musical My Fair Lady, 1956; filmed

H.D. was an American poet, known initially as an Imagist. She was also a translator, novelist-playwright, and self-proclaimed “pagan mystic.” Hilda Doolittle’s father was an astronomer, and her mother was a pianist. She was reared in the strict Moravian tradition of her mother’s family. From her

James H. Doolittle was an American aviator and army general who led an air raid on Tokyo and other Japanese cities four months after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. Doolittle was educated at Los Angeles Junior College (1914–16) and the University of California School of Mines (1916–17). As an