Henry Beaufort, 3rd duke of Somerset was a leading Lancastrian in the English Wars of the Roses. He was the eldest son of Edmund Beaufort, the 2nd duke. As duke of Somerset, marquess of Dorset, and titular count of Mortain, he was the victorious Lancastrian commander at the battles of Wakefield

Henry Grey, duke of Suffolk was the father of Lady Jane Grey. His opposition to Queen Mary I of England and his role in Sir Thomas Wyatt’s rebellion led to his execution. The son of Thomas Grey, 2nd marquess of Dorset, he succeeded to the marquessate in 1530 and, in 1534, with the approval of King

Thomas Sackville, 1st earl of Dorset was an English statesman, poet, and dramatist, remembered largely for his share in two achievements of significance in the development of Elizabethan poetry and drama: the collection A Myrrour for Magistrates (1563) and the tragedy Gorboduc (1561). Sackville

Bismarck: …three torpedoes from the cruiser Dorsetshire. Of the some 2,300 crew aboard the Bismarck, only about 110 survived.

Tony Dorsett is an American gridiron football player who is widely considered one of the best running backs in the sport’s history. A four-year starter and three-time All-American at the University of Pittsburgh, Dorsett set collegiate records for the most 100-yard rushing performances in a season

Tony Dorsett is an American gridiron football player who is widely considered one of the best running backs in the sport’s history. A four-year starter and three-time All-American at the University of Pittsburgh, Dorsett set collegiate records for the most 100-yard rushing performances in a season

George A. Dorsey was an early U.S. ethnographer of North American Indians, especially the Mandan tribe. His investigations of the Plains Indians included early population accounts of the area. He is best known for his last work, Man’s Own Show; Civilization (1931), as well as for his popular

George A. Dorsey was an early U.S. ethnographer of North American Indians, especially the Mandan tribe. His investigations of the Plains Indians included early population accounts of the area. He is best known for his last work, Man’s Own Show; Civilization (1931), as well as for his popular

Jack Dorsey is an American Web developer and entrepreneur who, with Evan Williams and Christopher Stone, cofounded (2006) the online microblogging service Twitter. As a teenager, Dorsey created taxi-dispatching software that was adopted by taxicab companies. He attended New York University before

Jimmy Dorsey was an American musician who—both independently and with his brother Tommy—led one of the most popular big bands of the swing era. He was also a highly talented saxophone and clarinet player. Along with his brother, Dorsey received his first musical training from his father, who was a

James Owen Dorsey was an American ethnologist known principally for his linguistic and ethnographic studies of the Siouan tribes. Dorsey was ordained a deacon of the Protestant Episcopal Church in 1871 and proselytized among the Ponca tribe in the Dakota Territory. Adept in classical linguistics,

Jimmy Dorsey was an American musician who—both independently and with his brother Tommy—led one of the most popular big bands of the swing era. He was also a highly talented saxophone and clarinet player. Along with his brother, Dorsey received his first musical training from his father, who was a

Rebecca Lee Dorsey was a U.S. physician who was a pioneer in the field of endocrinology and the study of hormones. She was one of the first female doctors to practice medicine in Los Angeles. According to her unpublished memoirs (which are thought to contain significant embellishments), Dorsey was

Thomas Andrew Dorsey was an American songwriter, singer, and pianist whose many up-tempo blues arrangements of gospel music hymns earned him the title of “Father of Gospel Music.” Dorsey was the son of a revivalist preacher. He was influenced in childhood by blues pianists in the Atlanta, Ga., area

Tommy Dorsey was an American musician who—both independently and with his brother Jimmy—led several of the most popular big bands of the swing era. He was also a highly respected and influential trombonist. Both brothers received their first musical training from their father, a music teacher and

Tommy Dorsey was an American musician who—both independently and with his brother Jimmy—led several of the most popular big bands of the swing era. He was also a highly respected and influential trombonist. Both brothers received their first musical training from their father, a music teacher and

Kalahari Desert: Study and exploration: …party of Boers in the Dorsland (“Thirstland”) Trek crossed the Kalahari from the Transvaal to central Angola by a circuitous route, losing along the way about 250 people and 9,000 cattle, largely from thirst. The introduction of motor vehicles in the 20th century greatly improved transport into the Kalahari, but…

Edvard I. Moser: …of cells specifically in the dorsocaudal medial entorhinal cortex (dMEC) of the rat brain via electrodes that had been positioned precisely within the region. The activity of the cells in the dMEC turned out to be related to the position of the rat in its enclosure, similar to O’Keefe’s finding…

back pain, discomfort or sometimes debilitating suffering associated with an injury or some other affliction of the back, the posterior (rear) portion of the body that extends from the shoulders to the hips. Back pain is a ubiquitous complaint and a leading cause of disability worldwide. To

Tankred Dorst was a German author whose experiments with theatrical forms, translations, and political plays and novels marked him as an original. Dorst studied at the University of Munich, where he became interested in marionettes and “illusionary theatre,” in which reality is seen as merely

Dorsten, city, North Rhine–Westphalia Land (state), western Germany. It lies on the Lippe River and the Wesel-Datteln Canal. A village in Roman times, Dorsten was chartered by the archbishops of Cologne in 1251 and fortified in the 14th century. As a monastic centre it was a stronghold of the

tongue: The top surface, or dorsum, contains numerous projections of the mucous membrane called papillae. They contain taste buds, which are sensitive to chemical constituents of food, and serous glands that secrete some of the fluid in saliva, a substance that moistens the oral cavity and helps lubricate food particles.…

Dordrecht, gemeente (municipality), southwestern Netherlands, at the divergence of the Merwede, Noord, Oude Maas (Old Meuse), and Dordtse Kil rivers. Founded in 1008, it was the residence of the counts of Holland until 1203 and was first chartered in 1220. It was fortified in 1271, and, although

J.M.W. Turner: Middle years: …of this period is the Dort, or Dordrecht: The Dort Packet Boat from Rotterdam Becalmed (1818), a tribute to Cuyp.

Netherlands Reformed Church: It produced the canons of Dort, which condemned the theology of the Arminians (also called the Remonstrants) and set forth a strict interpretation of predestination. These canons, along with the Belgic Confession and the Heidelberg Catechism, came to constitute the theological basis of the Dutch Reformed Church.

Synod of Dort, assembly of the Reformed Church of the Netherlands that met at Dort (in full Dordrecht) from November 13, 1618, to May 9, 1619. The synod tried to settle disputes concerning Arminianism. In 1610 the Dutch followers of Jacobus Arminius presented to the States General a Remonstrance in

Swiss literature: Vulpius and J. Dorta. There is also a rich variety of popular songs, especially of the religious and political kind. Owing to its geographical distribution Romansh literature is essentially regional in character. Nevertheless, the anthologist Caspar Decurtins; the poets Peider Lansel, Jon Guidon, and Artur Caflisch; and…

Dortmund, city, North Rhine–Westphalia Land (state), western Germany. Located at the southern terminus of the Dortmund-Ems Canal, it has extensive port installations. First mentioned as Throtmanni in 885, Dortmund became a free imperial city in 1220 and later joined the Hanseatic League. Its

Dortmund-Ems Canal, important commercial canal in western Germany linking the Ruhr industrial area with the North Sea near Emden. The canal was opened in 1899 and is about 269 km (167 miles) long. It extends from Dortmund, its southern terminus, to meet the Rhine-Herne Canal at Henrichenburg. At

Dortmund-Ems Canal, important commercial canal in western Germany linking the Ruhr industrial area with the North Sea near Emden. The canal was opened in 1899 and is about 269 km (167 miles) long. It extends from Dortmund, its southern terminus, to meet the Rhine-Herne Canal at Henrichenburg. At

beer: Types of beer: Dortmunder is a pale lager of Germany, and Munich has become associated with dark, strong, slightly sweet beers with less hop character. The dark colour comes from highly roasted malt, and other characteristic flavours arise during the decoction mashing process. Bock is an even stronger,…

Dörtyol, town, southern Turkey. It is located at the head of the Gulf of Iskenderun. The town’s importance lies in its function as a terminal where Mediterranean tankers can be loaded with oil transported from the petroleum fields of western Asia. A pipeline, 40 inches (100 cm) in diameter and

basilosaurid: …are separated into four subfamilies: Dorudontinae, Basilosaurinae, Kekenodontinae, and Stromeriinae. The earliest dorudontines were the earliest basilosaurids, with long skulls and relatively short bodies. Basilosaurines are the archetypal basilosaurids, with elongated vertebrae and long tails. The kekenodontines consist of the single genus Kekenodon, which was only poorly known and is…

Dorval, city, Montréal region, southern Quebec province, Canada, on Île de Montréal (Montreal Island). It is a southwestern suburb of Montreal city facing Lac Saint-Louis, an extension of the St. Lawrence River. Offshore to the south is Île Dorval, a summer resort. Montréal–Pierre Elliott Trudeau

Alfred-Victor, count de Vigny: Maturity and disillusionment.: …liaison (1831–38) with the actress Marie Dorval, for whom he was to create the role of Kitty Bell in the play Chatterton in 1835. He accused Dorval of deceiving him and of having maintained an overaffectionate friendship with the writer George Sand. His relationship with Dorval left Vigny profoundly embittered.

comédie larmoyante: , Dorval; or, The Test of Virtue). The comédie larmoyante also set the stage for the appearance of melodrama in the late 18th century.

dory, any of several marine fishes of the family Zeidae (order Zeiformes), found worldwide in moderately deep waters. The members of the family are large-mouthed fish, deep-bodied but thin from side to side. The John Dory (Zenopsis conchifera), a food fish of the Atlantic and Mediterranean, is one

dory, small boat with pointed ends and high, flaring sides. A dory may be up to 22 feet (7 m) long and commonly has a narrow, V-shaped stern and a narrow, flat bottom. It is a seaworthy boat that can be rowed, engine-driven, or sailed; it is used extensively by New England fishermen. The dory skiff

dory: dory skiff is shorter and has lower sides and a square stern, but otherwise it resembles the dory.

Crusades: From Constantinople to Antioch: At Dorylaeum on July 1, 1097, Turks attacked the advance column of the Crusader army. Despite the heat and a rain of arrows, the Crusaders held their ground, and, when the rest of the army drew up, the Turks were routed. A major victory in open…

ant: Notable ant behaviors: Army ants, of the subfamily Dorylinae, are nomadic and notorious for the destruction of plant and animal life in their path. The army ants of tropical America (Eciton), for example, travel in columns, eating insects and other invertebrates along the way. Periodically, the colony rests…

driver ant, (genus Dorylus), any of a large genus of predominantly African ants characterized by a nomadic existence alternating with quiet, egg-laying periods. These ferocious ant colonies, when in the nomadic stage, move to a new spot each day. Taxonomy See also list of ants, bees, and wasps.

Laurales: Other families: …leaves of Doryphora sassafras and D. aromatica, both known in eastern Australia as sassafras, produce a sarsaparilla-like odour when crushed. An essential oil containing safrole is distilled from the leaves and bark of D. sassafras and used in perfumery, and the fragrant wood is used in furniture making and wood…

Laurales: Other families: The leaves of Doryphora sassafras and D. aromatica, both known in eastern Australia as sassafras, produce a sarsaparilla-like odour when crushed. An essential oil containing safrole is distilled from the leaves and bark of D. sassafras and used in perfumery, and the fragrant wood is used in furniture…

art fraud: The bronze Spear Bearer (c. 450–440 bce) by Greek sculptor Polyclitus, for example, achieved great renown for its perfect proportions and beauty. As a result, it was often copied in marble for Roman collectors in subsequent centuries. The copies, which are all that survived into the 21st…

MS-DOS, the dominant operating system for the personal computer (PC) throughout the 1980s. The acquisition and marketing of MS-DOS were pivotal in the Microsoft Corporation’s transition to software industry giant. American computer programmer Timothy Paterson, a developer for Seattle Computer

denial of service attack (DoS attack), type of cybercrime in which an Internet site is made unavailable, typically by using multiple computers to repeatedly make requests that tie up the site and prevent it from responding to requests from legitimate users. The first documented DoS-style attack

Moche: In 1997 excavations at Dos Cabezas, a site inhabited from roughly 150 to 500 ce, revealed the first of three tombs containing the remains of three Moche elite. Each tomb was adjacent to a small compartment containing a miniature representation of the contents of the tomb, complete with a…

Dos de Mayo Uprising, also called the Battle of Madridan engagement of the Peninsular War that occurred on May 2, 1808. The French commanders in Spain were highly experienced and successful soldiers, but they completely misjudged the inflammatory nature of Spanish political, religious, and social

The Two Fridas, double self-portrait painted by Mexican artist Frida Kahlo in 1939 during her divorce from artist Diego Rivera. The large oil-on-canvas painting (5.69 × 5.68 feet [1.74 × 1.73 metres]) depicts two nearly identical female figures seated on the same bench and holding hands amid a

Dos Hermanas, city, Sevilla provincia (province), in the comunidad autónoma (autonomous community) of Andalusia, southern Spain. It lies southeast of Sevilla city between the Guadaira and Guadalquivir rivers. The city was founded by Ferdinand III of Castile at the time of his conquest of Sevilla

herbal: Nicolás Monardes’ Dos libros (1569), for example, contains the first published illustration of tobacco. A latinized version of an Aztec herbal (1552) contains formalized illustrations resembling European ones, suggesting that the artists were following the traditions of their Spanish masters rather than an indigenous style of drawing.…

John Dos Passos was an American writer, one of the major novelists of the post-World War I “lost generation.” His reputation as a social historian and as a radical critic of the quality of American life rests primarily on his trilogy U.S.A. The son of a wealthy lawyer of Portuguese descent, Dos

Dos Pilas, ancient capital of the Petexbatún kingdom of the Maya, situated near the Salinas River in what is now Petén, west-central Guatemala, about 5 miles (8 km) east of the border with Mexico. At the height of its hegemony the kingdom covered an area of some 1,500 square miles (3,885 square

José dos Santos was an Angolan politician who served as president of Angola (1979–2017). In 1961 dos Santos, a militant nationalist, joined the Movimento Popular de Libertação de Angola (Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola; MPLA), which supported independence from Portugal. He was chosen

José dos Santos was an Angolan politician who served as president of Angola (1979–2017). In 1961 dos Santos, a militant nationalist, joined the Movimento Popular de Libertação de Angola (Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola; MPLA), which supported independence from Portugal. He was chosen

Green Day: …a trilogy—the separately released ¡Uno!, ¡Dos!, and ¡Tré!—that found the band returning to the high-energy immediacy of its punk roots while also drawing inspiration from its classic-rock forebears. Green Day’s next release, Revolution Radio (2016), is a more-focused return to basics. Father of All… (2020) features throwback garage rock.

Frank Herbert: …The God Makers (1972), and The Dosadi Experiment (1977).

pharmaceutical industry: Dosage form development: Drugs are rarely administered to a patient solely as a pure chemical entity. For clinical use they are almost always administered as a formulation designed to deliver the drug in a manner that is safe, effective, and acceptable to the patient. One…

poison: Ionizing radiation: Thus, a physical dose of alpha particles does not produce the same amount of damage as that produced by the same dose of beta particles, gamma rays, or X rays.

poison: Ionizing radiation: Thus, a physical dose of alpha particles does not produce the same amount of damage as that produced by the same dose of beta particles, gamma rays, or X rays.

pharmaceutical industry: Dosage form development: Drugs are rarely administered to a patient solely as a pure chemical entity. For clinical use they are almost always administered as a formulation designed to deliver the drug in a manner that is safe, effective, and acceptable to the patient. One…

radiation: Units for measuring ionizing radiation: …of radiation is called the committed dose, or dose commitment.

poison: Ionizing radiation: …particles does not produce the same amount of damage as that produced by the same dose of beta particles, gamma rays, or X rays.

pharmaceutical industry: Adverse reactions: …many individuals will experience a dose-dependent drug reaction. For example, if a person being treated for high blood pressure (hypertension) accidentally takes a drug dose severalfold higher than prescribed, this person will probably experience low blood pressure (hypotension), which could result in light-headedness and fainting. Other dose-dependent drug reactions occur…

pharmaceutical industry: Adverse reactions: Dose-independent adverse reactions are less common than dose-dependent ones. They are generally caused by allergic reactions to the drug or in some cases to other ingredients present in the dosage form. They occur in patients who were sensitized by a previous exposure to the drug…

dose-response relationship, effect on an organism or, more specifically, on the risk of a defined outcome produced by a given amount of an agent or a level of exposure. A dose-response relationship is one in which increasing levels of exposure are associated with either an increasing or a

dose-response relationship, effect on an organism or, more specifically, on the risk of a defined outcome produced by a given amount of an agent or a level of exposure. A dose-response relationship is one in which increasing levels of exposure are associated with either an increasing or a

Balkrishna Doshi was an Indian architect, the first from that country to be awarded the prestigious Pritzker Prize (2018). In a career spanning about seven decades, Doshi completed more than 100 projects, many of which were public institutions based in India: schools, libraries, art centres, and

Balkrishna Doshi was an Indian architect, the first from that country to be awarded the prestigious Pritzker Prize (2018). In a career spanning about seven decades, Doshi completed more than 100 projects, many of which were public institutions based in India: schools, libraries, art centres, and

Balkrishna Doshi was an Indian architect, the first from that country to be awarded the prestigious Pritzker Prize (2018). In a career spanning about seven decades, Doshi completed more than 100 projects, many of which were public institutions based in India: schools, libraries, art centres, and

Kyōto: Education: Dōshisha University, the leading private educational institution, was founded in 1875 by Niijima Jō (also called Joseph Hardy Neesima), who was the first Japanese to graduate from a Western college (Amherst College in 1870). Major Buddhist universities include Ryūkoku, Ōtani, and the smaller Hanazano.

Kyōto: Education: Dōshisha University, the leading private educational institution, was founded in 1875 by Niijima Jō (also called Joseph Hardy Neesima), who was the first Japanese to graduate from a Western college (Amherst College in 1870). Major Buddhist universities include Ryūkoku, Ōtani, and the smaller Hanazano.

Dōshō was a Japanese priest who helped introduce Buddhism into his country. Dōshō served as a temple priest at Gangō Temple, one of the great temples at Nara, until he left for China about 653. There he studied for eight years under the Buddhist monk Hsüan-tsang (Pinyin: Xuanzang), the founder of

Hayashi Razan was a Japanese scholar who, with his son and grandson, established the thought of the great Chinese Neo-Confucian philosopher Chu Hsi as the official doctrine of the Tokugawa shogunate (the hereditary military dictatorship through which the Tokugawa family ruled Japan from 1603 to

dosimeter, instrument that measures exposure to ionizing radiation over a given period. There are three types of dosimeters worn by persons who work with or near sources of radiation. The film badge is the most popular and inexpensive. In it, photographic or dental X-ray film, wrapped in

Dosítheos was the patriarch of Jerusalem, an important church politician and theologian of the Greek church who staunchly supported Eastern orthodoxy over Roman Catholicism. Ordained deacon in 1652, he became archdeacon of Jerusalem in 1661. He subsequently was made archbishop of Caesarea

Dosítheos was the patriarch of Jerusalem, an important church politician and theologian of the Greek church who staunchly supported Eastern orthodoxy over Roman Catholicism. Ordained deacon in 1652, he became archdeacon of Jerusalem in 1661. He subsequently was made archbishop of Caesarea

Romanian literature: The old period: A Moldavian metropolitan, Dosoftei, a great scholar and theologian, fled to Poland during the fighting between Poland and Turkey and in 1673 published there the first Romanian metrical psalter, which was also the first poetry to be written in Romanian. He returned to Moldavia in 1675 and in…

Celtic literature: The Counter-Reformation: As a result there appeared Dosparth Byrr (“A Short Rationale”), the earliest printed Welsh primer, the work of Gruffydd Robert (c. 1522–c. 1610), and several religious works, many of which were published on the Continent.

forgery: Forgery in the visual arts: The work of the Italian Alceo Dossena belongs in this class. He very competently forged works that were acquired by collectors and museums throughout the world. From 1916 to 1928 he produced hundreds of forgeries created as original expressions of archaic Greek, medieval, and Renaissance sculptors.

jewel orchid: sikkimensis, Dossinia marmorata, Ludisia discolor, and Macodes petola are found in Southeast Asia and the Pacific and feature spikes of small white flowers. These species have wide green or brownish green leaves with red or gold veins borne near the base of the plant.

Dosso, town, southwestern Niger, situated about 80 miles (130 km) southeast of Niger’s capital, Niamey. Dosso is the traditional headquarters of the Zarma people, who are sedentary farmers. The town is connected by road to Niamey in the west and Tahoua in the northeast. There is also an airfield at

Dosso Dossi was a late Italian Renaissance painter and leader of the Ferrarese school in the 16th century. Very little is known about his early life, and his artistic influences and training have long been open to speculation. His byname comes from the name of the family estate near his place of

Dōst Moḥammad Khān was the ruler of Afghanistan (1826–63) and founder of the Bārakzay dynasty, who maintained Afghan independence during a time when the nation was a focus of political struggles between Great Britain and Russia. Dōst Moḥammad was one of a number of sons of Pāyenda Khān, head of the

Cristina Peri Rossi: …última noche de Dostoievski (1992; Dostoevsky’s Last Night), Desastres íntimos (1997; Intimate Disasters), and El amor es una droga dura (1999; “Love Is a Strong Drug”).

Fyodor Dostoyevsky was a Russian novelist and short-story writer whose psychological penetration into the darkest recesses of the human heart, together with his unsurpassed moments of illumination, had an immense influence on 20th-century fiction. Dostoyevsky is usually regarded as one of the

Fyodor Dostoyevsky was a Russian novelist and short-story writer whose psychological penetration into the darkest recesses of the human heart, together with his unsurpassed moments of illumination, had an immense influence on 20th-century fiction. Dostoyevsky is usually regarded as one of the

Fyodor Dostoyevsky was a Russian novelist and short-story writer whose psychological penetration into the darkest recesses of the human heart, together with his unsurpassed moments of illumination, had an immense influence on 20th-century fiction. Dostoyevsky is usually regarded as one of the

U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT), executive agency of the U.S. federal government responsible for programs and policies relating to transportation. Established in 1966, it controls the Federal Aviation Administration, Federal Highway Administration, Federal Motor Carrier Safety

Jimmy Smith: His 2001 album, Dot Com Blues (a reference to the then ongoing dot-com bubble and bust), marked a departure from his customary jazz style, incorporating blues elements and showcasing collaborations with guest artists that included Etta James and B.B. King. Smith’s last album, Legacy (2005), was released posthumously…

computer: Output devices: …and graphics, hence the name dot matrix. Another early print technology, daisy-wheel printers, made impressions of whole characters with a single blow of an electromagnetic printhead, similar to an electric typewriter.

mechanics: Vectors: …scalar product, or sometimes the inner product) is an operation that combines two vectors to form a scalar. The operation is written A · B. If θ is the (smaller) angle between A and B, then the result of the operation is A · B = AB cos θ. The…

Los Angeles 1950s overview: …emerged to rival the majors—Dot and Liberty.

The dot-com boom of 1995–2000 (and ultimate bust in 2001–2002) was a period of large, rapid, and ultimately unsustainable increases in the stock market—specifically in the valuation of shares in Internet service and technology companies, then commonly referred to as “dot-com” companies, including

The dot-com boom of 1995–2000 (and ultimate bust in 2001–2002) was a period of large, rapid, and ultimately unsustainable increases in the stock market—specifically in the valuation of shares in Internet service and technology companies, then commonly referred to as “dot-com” companies, including

printer: Most impact printers are dot-matrix printers, which have a number of pins on the print head that emerge to form a character. Non-impact printers fall into three main categories: laser printers use a laser beam to attract toner to an area of the paper; ink-jet printers spray a jet…

dōtaku, thin elongated bell-shaped bronze forms, evidence of a short-lived bronze culture, localized in the centre of Japan, from the middle of the Yayoi period (c. 300 bce–c. 250 ce) into the Tumulus period (c. 250–c. 500 ce). Dōtaku are sometimes decorated with domestic and hunting scenes

Megaupload: …computer service created by entrepreneur Kim Schmitz that was shut down in 2012 by the United States government after its founders were charged for violating antipiracy laws. It was based in Hong Kong.

Dothan, city, Houston and Dale counties, seat (1903) of Houston county, southeastern Alabama, U.S., about 90 miles (145 km) southeast of Montgomery. Originally settled as Poplar Head in the early 1800s, the name was changed to Dothan (for a biblical location) in 1885. Cotton was the main crop until