The Comedy of Errors: Egeon, a merchant of Syracuse, is arrested in Ephesus because of hostilities between the two cities and, unable to pay the local ransom, is condemned to death. He tells the duke, Solinus, his sad tale: years earlier he and his wife had been shipwrecked with…

Cheb, city, extreme western Czech Republic. Cheb lies along the Ohře River, near the German border. Its history has been full of violence, for it guards the easiest approach to Bohemia from the northwest. The city passed in the 13th century from Swabian rulers to Otakar I, king of Bohemia, and it

Eger, city of county status and seat of Heves megye (county), northern Hungary. It lies in the valley of the Eger River, which is a tributary of the Tisza, between the Mátra and Bükk mountains. Eger is an old Magyar tribal city with a bishopric founded in the 11th century. The Tatar invasion of the

Ohře River, tributary of the Elbe River, rising in the Fichtel Mountains (Fichtelgebirge) of Germany and flowing generally east and northeastward into the Czech Republic past Cheb, Karlovy Vary, Žatec, and Louny until it reaches the Elbe (Labe) River opposite Litoměřice. The river is 196 miles (316

Germany: Wenceslas: At the Diet of Eger (May 2) he ordered them to desist and declared the city leagues to be dissolved. The contestants complied. The princes were satisfied with the prospective disbandment of the cities, and the cities feared the consequences of further resistance, but neither side relished…

Sarah Helen Whitman was an American poet and essayist, noted for her literary criticism and perhaps best remembered for her alliance with and scholarly defense of Edgar Allan Poe. Sarah Power from an early age was an avid reader of novels and of poetry, especially that of Lord Byron. In 1828 she

Egeria, in Roman religion, a water spirit worshiped in connection with Diana at Aricia and also with the Camenae in their grove outside the Porta Capena at Rome. Like Diana, she was a protectress of pregnant women and, like the Camenae, was considered prophetic. Traditionally she was the wife, or

Elodea: Brazilian elodea (Egeria densa; formerly Elodea densa) and Canadian waterweed are commonly used in schools as an experimental plant for demonstrating cellular structures, such as chloroplasts and nuclei, and oxygen production during photosynthesis. Those and other species are also economically important as aquarium plants, where…

Krisztina Egerszegi is a former Hungarian swimmer and the youngest athlete ever to win an Olympic gold medal in swimming. She won the 200-meter backstroke at the 1988, 1992, and 1996 Olympic Games, becoming only the second swimmer (after Dawn Fraser) to win an individual event at three consecutive

Nakuru: …centre and the site of Egerton University (1939). It is a busy commercial and transport centre for west-central Kenya. Nearby attractions include Lake Nakuru National Park, known for its hundreds of species of birds, the Hyrax Hill prehistoric site, and the immense Menengai Crater. Pop. (1999) 219,366; (2009) 286,411.

Ellesmere Island: …coast in the Isabel) for Francis Egerton, 1st Earl of Ellesmere.

Francis Egerton, 3rd duke of Bridgewater was the founder of British inland navigation, whose canal, built from his estates at Worsley to the city of Manchester, is called the Bridgewater Canal. His father, who was created duke in 1720, was the great-great-grandson of Lord Chancellor Ellesmere.

Thomas Egerton, Viscount Brackley was an English lawyer and diplomat who secured the independence of the Court of Chancery from the common-law courts, thereby formulating nascent principles of equitable relief. Educated at Brasenose College, Oxford, and called to the bar by Lincoln’s Inn in 1572,

Funen: Two of the finest are Egeskov (1554) and Brahetrolleborg (1568; incorporating parts of a monastery founded in 1172), both in the south. The island’s chief ports are the manufacturing city of Odense, Assens, Svendborg, Nyborg, Kerteminde, Middelfart, and Fåborg. Area 1,152 square miles (2,984 square km). Pop. (2003 est.) 441,795.

Segesta, ancient city of Sicily, located on Monte Barbaro about 2 miles (3 km) northwest of modern Calatafimi. It was the chief city of the Elymi, a people for whom Thucydides claimed a Trojan origin; they are archaeologically indistinguishable in the Early Iron Age (c. 1000–c. 500 bc) from their

digestion: Egestion: Animals that ingest bulk food unavoidably take in some matter that they are incapable of using. In the case of unicellular organisms that form food vacuoles, the vacuoles eventually fuse with the cell membrane and then rupture, releasing indigestible wastes to the outside. Substances…

Stanley Cohen: Cohen termed this substance epidermal growth factor (EGF), and he went on to purify it and completely analyze its chemistry. He and his coworkers found that EGF influences a great range of developmental events in the body. He also discovered the mechanisms by which EGF is taken into and…

macular degeneration: Other forms of macular degeneration: …by mutations in the gene EFEMP1 (EGF-containing fibulin-like extracellular matrix protein 1). Sorsby fundus dystrophy, which is clinically similar to wet AMD, is caused by mutations in a gene known as TIMP3 (tissue-inhibitor of metalloproteinase 3). These forms of macular degeneration, with the exception of Stargardt macular dystrophy, are inherited…

pancreatic cancer: Treatment: …of enzyme) associated with the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), which stimulates unregulated cell division when mutated in cancer cells. When erlotinib is given in combination with the chemotherapeutic agent gemcitabine (Gemzar), an antimetabolite that inhibits the synthesis of genetic material in dividing cells, patient survival is improved, although only…

Ecgfrith was an Anglo-Saxon king of the Northumbrians from 670 who ultimately lost his wars against the Mercians on the south and the Picts on the north. Ecgfrith was the son of King Oswiu and nephew of St. Oswald and a generous supporter of his kingdom’s great monasteries. By 674 he defeated a

egg, the content of the hard-shelled reproductive body produced by a bird, considered as food. While the primary role of the egg obviously is to reproduce the species, most eggs laid by domestic fowl, except those specifically set aside for hatching, are not fertilized but are sold mainly for human

egg, in biology, the female sex cell, or gamete. In botany, the egg is sometimes called a macrogamete. In zoology, the Latin term for egg, ovum, is frequently used to refer to the single cell, while the word egg may be applied to the entire specialized structure or capsule that consists of the

egg: Structure and composition: The structural components of the egg include the shell and shell membranes (10 percent); the albumen or white (60 percent), including the thick albumen, the outer thin albumen, the inner thin albumen, and the chalazae; and the yolk (30 percent). In a fertilized egg, the yolk supplies the nutrients and…

candy: Nougat: …vigorously mixing a solution of egg albumin or other similar protein into boiled syrup; a less sticky product is obtained by mixing in some vegetable fat. Egg albumin is a powdered ingredient especially prepared from egg whites by a process of partial fermentation and low-temperature drying. Great care is needed…

egg and dart, in architecture, design shape used in moldings. It consists of a series of bas-relief ovals alternating with pointed, narrow, dartlike carvings. Ovolo moldings, as the Classical egg designs are called in general, are usually wider than many other styles. Their ovals may be separated

egg and dart, in architecture, design shape used in moldings. It consists of a series of bas-relief ovals alternating with pointed, narrow, dartlike carvings. Ovolo moldings, as the Classical egg designs are called in general, are usually wider than many other styles. Their ovals may be separated

Easter: Easter customs: Easter egg hunts are popular among children in the United States. Modern egg hunts often involve real and plastic eggs, the later being filled with candies or small toys. Sometimes one or more “prize eggs” are hidden, which earn a treat-filled basket or other prize…

dinosaur: Reproduction: Egg Mountain, as the area was named, produced some of the most important clues to dinosaurian habits yet found. For example, the sites show that a number of different dinosaur species made annual treks to this same nesting ground (though perhaps not all at the…

insect: Egg: …cemented together to form an egg packet or ootheca. Insects may pass unfavourable seasons in the egg stage. Eggs of the springtail Sminthurus (Collembola) and of some grasshoppers (Orthoptera) pass summer droughts in a dry shrivelled state and resume development when moistened. Most eggs, however, retain their water although they…

spider: Eggs and egg sacs: Female spiders produce either one egg sac containing several to a thousand eggs or several egg sacs each with successively fewer eggs. Females of many species die after producing the last egg sac. Others provide care for the young for some period of…

gastropod: Classification: Cowrie shells (Cypraeidae) and egg shells (Ovulidae) have highly polished and brilliantly coloured shells; mantle, which may cover the shell, is a totally different colour pattern; if touched, members of group suddenly withdraw, the change in colour serving to confuse predators; common in shallow tropical oceans, some species in…

egg tooth, tooth or toothlike structure used by the young of many egg-laying species to break the shell of the egg and so escape from it at hatching. Some lizards and snakes develop a true tooth that projects outside the row of other teeth, helps the young to hatch, and then is shed. Turtles,

egg: Structure and composition: The structural components of the egg include the shell and shell membranes (10 percent); the albumen or white (60 percent), including the thick albumen, the outer thin albumen, the inner thin albumen, and the chalazae; and the yolk (30 percent). In a fertilized egg, the yolk supplies the nutrients and…

yolk, the nutritive material of an egg, used as food by a developing, embryonic animal. Eggs with relatively little, uniformly distributed yolk are termed isolecithal. This condition occurs in invertebrates and in all but the lowest mammals. Eggs with abundant yolk concentrated in one hemisphere of

Augustus Egg was a genre painter and actor. Egg studied at the Royal Academy, of which he became a member in 1860. He travelled in Italy with Charles Dickens and Wilkie Collins in 1853. Egg was an excellent actor and played in Dickens’ company of amateurs; one of his best parts was as John Want in

Augustus Egg was a genre painter and actor. Egg studied at the Royal Academy, of which he became a member in 1860. He travelled in Italy with Charles Dickens and Wilkie Collins in 1853. Egg was an excellent actor and played in Dickens’ company of amateurs; one of his best parts was as John Want in

egg-eating snake, any of the five species of the genus Dasypeltis of sub-Saharan Africa and Elachistodon westermanni of northeastern India. These nonvenomous snakes comprise the subfamily Dasypeltinae, family Colubridae. Members of Dasypeltis eat only bird eggs; E. westermanni sometimes consume the

killifish, any of a few hundred species of usually elongated fishes of the family Cyprinodontidae (order Atheriniformes), found worldwide, especially in the tropics of Africa and the New World. They inhabit brackish, salt, and fresh water, including certain desert hot springs. Killifish grow, at

painting: Buon fresco: …is possible with casein or egg tempera, but major corrections necessitate breaking away the intonaco and replastering. The swift execution demanded stimulates bold designs in broad masses of color with a calligraphic vitality of brush marks.

Western painting: Fantasy and the irrational: …art, why not movement itself? Viking Eggeling and Hans Richter, with animated drawings and film, made the first works in a kinetic tradition that even by the 2010s, though by then generated with digital technology, showed no sign of abating.

Dave Eggers is an American author, publisher, and literacy advocate whose breakout memoir, A Heartbreaking Work of Staggering Genius (2000), was followed by other fiction and nonfiction successes. He also founded the publishing house McSweeney’s in 1998. Eggers grew up in Boston and in Illinois,

Willem Dafoe: The Lighthouse, Poor Things, and Nosferatu: Dafoe’s credits from 2019 included Robert Eggers’s The Lighthouse, about two lighthouse keepers in the 1890s; Motherless Brooklyn, a crime drama adapted from the novel by Jonathan Lethem; and Togo, a Disney drama about the “Great Race of Mercy,” in which dog-sled teams were used to distribute medicine during a…

Esther Peterson was an American consumer advocate who worked to make product information available to the public. Peterson earned a bachelor’s degree (1927) at Brigham Young University in Provo and a master’s (1930) at Columbia University Teachers College in New York City. She then taught at a

canistel, (Pouteria campechiana), small tree of the sapodilla family (Sapotaceae), grown for its edible fruits. Canistel is native to Cental America and northern South America and cultivated in other tropical regions. The sweet fruits have orange flesh and are commonly eaten fresh or made into

Roncesvalles: …was led by the seneschal Eggihard, the count palatine Anselm, and Roland, prefect of the March of Brittany. The battle forms the basis of the legend of the hero Roland recounted in the epics La Chanson de Roland and Roncesvalles.

Eggjum Stone, inscribed stone that bears 200 runic characters. It is the longest known text in the old-style futhark (runic alphabet) and was discovered inside a tomb in western Norway in 1917. The runes are arranged in three unequal lines, separated by an engraving of a stylized horse’s head. The

Edward Eggleston was a clergyman, novelist, and historian who realistically portrayed various sections of the U.S. in such books as The Hoosier School-Master. By the age of 19, Eggleston had become an itinerant preacher, but circuit riding broke his health. He held various pastorates, serving from

Kristin Hunter Lattany was an American novelist who examined black life and race relations in the United States in both children’s stories and works for adults. Lattany began writing for The Pittsburgh Courier, an important African American newspaper, when she was 14 and continued until the year

William Eggleston is an American photographer whose straightforward depictions of everyday objects and scenes, many of them in the southern United States, were noted for their vivid colours, precise composition, and evocative allure. His work was credited with helping establish colour photography

William Eggleston is an American photographer whose straightforward depictions of everyday objects and scenes, many of them in the southern United States, were noted for their vivid colours, precise composition, and evocative allure. His work was credited with helping establish colour photography

eggnog, a drink thought to have originated in the British Isles, composed of beaten eggs, sugar, and cream or milk and typically served during the Christmas and New Year’s holidays. A sort of liquid custard, eggnog often contains a small quantity of liquor as well, with rum, brandy, cognac, and

eggplant, (Solanum melongena), tender perennial plant of the nightshade family (Solanaceae), grown for its edible fruits. Eggplant requires a warm climate and has been cultivated in its native Southeast Asia since remote antiquity. A staple in cuisines of the Mediterranean region, eggplant figures

eggs Benedict, a brunch staple consisting of poached eggs and Canadian bacon or sliced ham on an English muffin, topped with hollandaise sauce (a rich and creamy concoction made with egg yolks, butter, lemon juice or vinegar, and various seasonings). Traditional strip bacon is sometimes used in

Anne Sexton: … with poet Maxine Kumin, including Eggs of Things (1963), Joey and the Birthday Present (1971), and The Wizard’s Tears (1975).

insect: Egg: The chorion, or eggshell, is commonly pierced by respiratory openings that lead to an air-filled meshwork inside the shell. For some insects (e.g., cockroaches and mantids) a batch of eggs is cemented together to form an egg packet or ootheca. Insects may pass unfavourable seasons in the egg…

papermaking: Book paper: …comes in four finishes: (1) antique or eggshell, (2) machine finish, MF, (3) English finish, EF, and (4) supercalendered. Antique has the roughest surface. High bulking pulps, such as soda pulp, are used and only slightly beaten in stock preparation. The sheet is lightly calendered (pressed between rollers) to provide…

eggshell porcelain, Chinese porcelain characterized by an excessively thin body under the glaze. It often had decoration engraved on it before firing that, like a watermark in paper, was visible only when held to the light; such decoration is called anhua, meaning literally “secret language.”

Sam Zell: …Zell founded the predecessor of Equity Group Investments (EGI). It and its partners amassed the country’s largest collection of U.S. office space mostly by identifying opportunities that other investors had overlooked. Although Zell’s investments also included railroad rolling stock, radio stations, trailer parks, insurance companies, and a minority stake in…

Latin American architecture: The Baroque in the New World: …project, which was attributed to Juan Bautista Egidiano, a Flemish Jesuit active in Cuzco from 1642 to 1676, created a typology that was the origin of what was later designated the Cuzco style. This style is defined by the placement of twin bell towers on an austere square base that…

Egill Skallagrímsson was one of the greatest of Icelandic skaldic poets, whose adventurous life and verses are preserved in Egils saga (c. 1220; translated in The Sagas of Icelanders), attributed to Snorri Sturluson. The saga portrays Egill as having a dual nature derived from his mixed descent

Egill Skallagrímsson was one of the greatest of Icelandic skaldic poets, whose adventurous life and verses are preserved in Egils saga (c. 1220; translated in The Sagas of Icelanders), attributed to Snorri Sturluson. The saga portrays Egill as having a dual nature derived from his mixed descent

saga: Sagas of Icelanders: Egils saga offers a brilliant study of a complex personality—a ruthless Viking who is also a sensitive poet, a rebel against authority from early childhood who ends his life as a defenseless, blind old man. In several sagas the hero becomes an outlaw fighting a…

Icelandic literature: The 19th century: …Scheving; a poet and lexicographer, Sveinbjörn Egilsson; and a philosopher and mathematician, Björn Gunnlaugsson. The principal movement in this renaissance was Romanticism. Inspired by the philosopher Henrik Steffens, Bjarni Thorarensen produced nationalistic poetry that became a model for 19th-century lyrical poetry. Jónas Hallgrímsson, however,

Einhard was a Frankish historian and court scholar whose writings are an invaluable source of information on Charlemagne and the Carolingian Empire. Einhard was educated after 779 in the monastery of Fulda; his brilliance was soon recognized, and he was sent to Charlemagne’s Palace School at Aachen

aegis, in ancient Greece, leather cloak or breastplate generally associated with Zeus, the king of the gods, and thus thought to possess supernatural power. Zeus’s daughter Athena adopted the aegis for ordinary dress. Athena placed on her aegis a symbolic representation of the severed head of the

aegis, in ancient Greece, leather cloak or breastplate generally associated with Zeus, the king of the gods, and thus thought to possess supernatural power. Zeus’s daughter Athena adopted the aegis for ordinary dress. Athena placed on her aegis a symbolic representation of the severed head of the

St. Leo IX ; feast day April 19) was the head of the medieval Latin church (1049–54), during whose reign the papacy became the focal point of western Europe and the great East-West Schism of 1054 became inevitable. Bruno of Egisheim was born into an aristocratic family. He was educated at Toul,

Francesco Cavalli: …work, but it was his Egisto, given in Paris in 1646, that initiated the rivalry between French and Italian styles. As a dramatic composer Cavalli wrote for a small string orchestra, and his operas require no trained chorus. He wrote few concerted numbers for soloists, but his works have signs…

Werner Egk was a German composer primarily of music for the theatre. Egk studied composition with Carl Orff in Munich, where he settled and composed music for puppet plays and radio plays. He conducted his own first opera for the stage, Die Zaubergeige (1935), in Frankfurt am Main. His operas and

sweetbrier, (Rosa eglanteria, or R. rubiginosa), small, prickly wild rose with fragrant foliage and numerous small pink flowers. Native to Europe and western Asia, it is widely naturalized in North America, where it grows along roadsides and in pastures from Nova Scotia and Ontario southwestward to

Giambattista Giraldi: …the pastoral drama with his Egle (1545). His Ecatommiti (1565), 112 stories collected according to the pattern of Boccaccio’s Decameron, aimed at stylistic distinction and, in the manner of Matteo Bandello, showed an appreciation for direct narrative. They are moralistic in tone and were translated and imitated in France, Spain,…

André Eglevsky was a Russian-born American ballet dancer and teacher widely regarded as the greatest male classical dancer of his generation. Though he left Russia as a child during the Revolution, Eglevsky acquired the traditional style and technique of the Imperial Russian Ballet by studying in

Fort Walton Beach: Eglin Air Force Base, established in 1935 and covering some 725 square miles (1,900 square km), is located north and west of the city and (together with adjacent Hurlburt Field) is a major factor in its economy. Tourism and manufacturing, particularly high-technology products, are also…

Kimbanguist Church, (“Church of Jesus Christ on Earth Through the Prophet Simon Kimbangu”), largest independent African church and the first to be admitted (in 1969) to the World Council of Churches. It takes its name from its founder, Simon Kimbangu, a Baptist mission catechist of the Lower Congo

Republic of the Congo: Religion of the Republic of the Congo: …community includes members of the Evangelical Church of the Congo. There are also independent African churches; the Kimbanguist Church, the largest independent church in Africa, is a member of the World Council of Churches. Other independent churches include the Matsouana Church and the Bougist Church. Most of the small Muslim…

Reformed Church of France, church organized in 1938 by merging several Reformed churches that had developed in France during and after the 16th-century Protestant Reformation. During the early part of the Reformation, Protestant movements made slow progress in France. Yet reforming movements within

Juan del Encina: …the court a number of églogas (short pastoral plays) incorporating music. Eight of his plays and most of his poetry were collected and published in Cancionero in 1496. Thereafter Encina lived much in Italy; he visited Rome at least three times, gaining various ecclesiastical posts and seeking the patronage of…

Lamoraal, graaf van Egmond was a leader in the early opposition to the policies of Philip II of Spain in the Netherlands. Although Egmond did not favour the overthrow of Spanish sovereignty, he became one of the first and most illustrious victims of the duke of Alba’s repressive regime (1567–73).

Egmont, tragic drama in five acts by J.W. von Goethe, published in 1788 and produced in 1789. The hero is based upon the historical figure of Lamoraal, count of Egmond (Egmont), a 16th-century Dutch leader during the Counter-Reformation. The work had great appeal for European audiences excited by

Mount Taranaki: …and Kaitake, that are within Egmont National Park. The peak was sighted (1770) by the British navigator Capt. James Cook and was first climbed in 1839.

John Perceval, 2nd earl of Egmont was an eccentric British politician and pamphleteer, a confidant of George III. Perceval sat in the Irish House of Commons from 1731 to 1748, when he succeeded to his father’s earldom in the Irish peerage. His interests, however, were in British politics. Elected

John Perceval, 2nd earl of Egmont was an eccentric British politician and pamphleteer, a confidant of George III. Perceval sat in the Irish House of Commons from 1731 to 1748, when he succeeded to his father’s earldom in the Irish peerage. His interests, however, were in British politics. Elected

Lamoraal, graaf van Egmond was a leader in the early opposition to the policies of Philip II of Spain in the Netherlands. Although Egmond did not favour the overthrow of Spanish sovereignty, he became one of the first and most illustrious victims of the duke of Alba’s repressive regime (1567–73).

Lamoraal, graaf van Egmond was a leader in the early opposition to the policies of Philip II of Spain in the Netherlands. Although Egmond did not favour the overthrow of Spanish sovereignty, he became one of the first and most illustrious victims of the duke of Alba’s repressive regime (1567–73).

Mount Taranaki, mountain, west-central North Island, New Zealand, on the Taranaki Peninsula. The symmetrical volcanic cone rises from sea level to 8,260 feet (2,518 meters) and has a subsidiary cone, 6,438-feet Fanthams Peak, 1 mile (1.5 km) south of the main crater. Both have been dormant since

Balkans: In the Roman Empire: …commerce was conducted along the Via Egnatia, a great east-west land route that led from Dyrrhachium (modern Durrës, Albania) through Macedonia to Thessalonica (modern Thessaloníki, Greece) and on to Thrace. The northwestern part of the peninsula, including Dalmatia along the Adriatic coast as well as Pannonia around the Danube and…

children’s literature: Norway: …Mexico City and northern India; Thorbjørn Egner, who is the author of, among other books, a tiny droll fantasy, Karius and Baktus (1958; Eng. trans. 1962), which will actually persuade small children to brush their teeth; and Alf Prøysen, creator of Mrs. Pepperpot, a delightful little old lady who never…

ego, in psychoanalytic theory, that portion of the human personality which is experienced as the “self” or “I” and is in contact with the external world through perception. It is said to be the part that remembers, evaluates, plans, and in other ways is responsive to and acts in the surrounding

history of Europe: Postrevolutionary thinking: Max Stirner in his book The Ego and His Own (1845) recommended, instead of social reform, a ruthless individualism that should seek satisfaction by any means and at whatever risk. A small group of other individualists, Die Freien (“The Free”), found that satisfaction of the ego through total disillusion and…

Anna Freud: …Ich und die Abwehrmechanismen (1936; The Ego and Mechanisms of Defense, 1937) gave a strong, new impetus to ego psychology. The principal human defense mechanism, she indicated, is repression, an unconscious process that develops as the young child learns that some impulses, if acted upon, could prove dangerous to himself.…

ego death, in psychoanalysis, mysticism, and some religions, the disappearance of an individual’s sense of self, or the removal of one’s perception of oneself as an entity separate from one’s social or physical environment. Ego death as a practice can be traced to early shamanistic, mystical, and

ego death, in psychoanalysis, mysticism, and some religions, the disappearance of an individual’s sense of self, or the removal of one’s perception of oneself as an entity separate from one’s social or physical environment. Ego death as a practice can be traced to early shamanistic, mystical, and

superego: …one’s idealized self-image, or “ego ideal.”

historiography: Biography and psychohistory: …revision of Freudianism known as ego psychology. This theory denies that personality is fixed after the age of five; it can still be substantially influenced by what goes on later, especially in adolescence. The most influential exponent of this approach for biographers was Erik Erikson, who propounded an eight-stage theory…

delay of gratification: Gender differences: …and what researchers call “ego resiliency,” the capacity to be flexible and skillful in making social decisions. Such decisions can be more complicated than they appear at first.

defense mechanism, in psychoanalytic theory, any of a group of mental processes that enables the mind to reach compromise solutions to conflicts that it is unable to resolve. The process is usually unconscious, and the compromise generally involves concealing from oneself internal drives or

Nikki Giovanni: …a Soft Black Song (1971), Ego-Tripping (1973), Vacation Time (1980), The Sun Is So Quiet (1996), and I Am Loved (2018) were collections of poems for children. Loneliness, thwarted hopes, and the theme of family affection became increasingly important in her poetry during the 1970s. She returned to political concerns…

egocentrism, in psychology, the cognitive shortcomings that underlie the failure, in both children and adults, to recognize the idiosyncratic nature of one’s knowledge or the subjective nature of one’s perceptions. Such failures describe children at play who cover their eyes and joyfully exclaim to

ethical egoism, in philosophy, an ethical theory according to which moral decision making should be guided entirely by self-interest. Ethical egoism is often contrasted with psychological egoism, the empirical claim that advancing one’s self-interest is the underlying motive of all human action.

little magazine: Leading periodicals and figures of the movement: …20th century, of which the Egoist (1914–19) and Blast (1914–15) were most conspicuous, as well as transition (1927–38), founded in Paris by American editors Eugene and Maria Jolas.