Charles Homer Haskins was an American educator and a leading medievalist of his generation, known for his critical studies of Norman institutions and the transmission of Greco-Arabic learning to the West. After receiving his Ph.D. from Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, in 1890, Haskins taught at

Khaskovo, town, southern Bulgaria. It lies in the northeastern foothills of the Rhodope Mountains. Founded about 1385 at the outset of the Ottoman period, it is located on the Sofia-Istanbul road and is connected by rail with the Belgrade–Sofia–Istanbul trunk rail line. Its populace includes many

Pony Express: Heroes on horseback: …the service’s most-storied riders was “Pony Bob” Haslam, holder of the record for the longest and fastest run in the history of the Pony Express. That much-celebrated run in May 1860 began at Friday’s Station on the southwest shore of Lake Tahoe and took Haslam east on his normal route…

Haslemere, town (parish), Waverley district, administrative and historic county of Surrey, southeastern England. Located in the southwestern corner of Surrey, Haslemere is attractively situated between the sandy heights of Hindhead (895 feet [273 metres]) and Blackdown (918 feet [280 metres]), both

Hasmonean dynasty, dynasty of ancient Judaea, descendants of the Maccabee family. The name derived (according to Flavius Josephus, in The Antiquities of the Jews) from the name of their ancestor Hasmoneus (Hasmon), or Asamonaios. In 143 (or 142) bce Simon Maccabeus, son of Mattathias (and brother

Hasmonean dynasty, dynasty of ancient Judaea, descendants of the Maccabee family. The name derived (according to Flavius Josephus, in The Antiquities of the Jews) from the name of their ancestor Hasmoneus (Hasmon), or Asamonaios. In 143 (or 142) bce Simon Maccabeus, son of Mattathias (and brother

Mattathias: …Josephus, Mattathias’ great-great-grandfather was called Hasmoneus, the family is often designated Hasmonean rather than Maccabee.

Leopold Hasner, Ritter von Artha was an economist, jurist, and politician who served as a liberal Austrian minister of education (1867–70) and briefly as prime minister (1870). Educated in philosophy and law at Prague and Vienna, Hasner in 1848 became editor of an official newspaper in Prague—the

raï: In Algeria younger artists, including Cheb Hasni, Cheb Nasro, and Cheb Tahar, filled the void created by Khaled’s departure. In 1994, however, the raï community was jolted by the murder in Oran of Cheb Hasni by a militant Islamic group. In the wake of the assassination, new social and political…

avocado: Major types: Hass avocado, the most popular cultivar in the United States, is a Mexican-Guatemalan hybrid.

Robert Hass is an American poet and translator whose body of work and tenure as poet laureate of the United States (1995–97) revealed his deep conviction that poetry, as one critic put it, “is what defines the self.” Hass attended St. Mary’s College (B.A., 1963) in Moraga, California, and Stanford

Demis Hassabis is an English computer scientist who was awarded the 2024 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his work using artificial intelligence (AI) to predict protein structures. He shared half the prize with his colleague, American computer scientist John M. Jumper, and the other half of the prize

Al-Ḥasakah, town, northeastern Syria. The town lies on the banks of the Khābūr River (a tributary of the Euphrates) at its confluence with the Jaghjaghah. Under the Ottoman Empire it lost its importance, but it revived with the settlement there of Assyrian refugees from Iraq during the French

Childe Hassam was a painter and printmaker, one of the foremost exponents of French Impressionism in American art. Hassam studied in Boston and Paris (1886–89), where he fell under the influence of the Impressionists and took to painting in brilliant color with touches of pure pigment. On his

Childe Hassam was a painter and printmaker, one of the foremost exponents of French Impressionism in American art. Hassam studied in Boston and Paris (1886–89), where he fell under the influence of the Impressionists and took to painting in brilliant color with touches of pure pigment. On his

Hassan, city, south-central Karnataka state, southern India. It lies at an elevation of 3,084 feet (940 metres) and has a cool humid climate. Hassan, which dates from the 12th century, is a trading centre served by a spur line of the railway from Arsikere to Mysuru (Mysore). The city’s industries

Hasan Abdal, town, northern Pakistan. The town is a textile and communications centre that is connected by the Grand Trunk Road and by rail with Peshawar and Rawalpindi. It has government colleges affiliated with the University of the Punjab. The Buddhist site of Hasan Abdal, just east of the town,

Hassan al-Banna was an Egyptian political and religious leader who established a new religious society, the Muslim Brotherhood, and played a central role in Egyptian political and social affairs. At age 12 Hassan al-Banna joined the Society for Moral Behaviour, thus demonstrating at an early age

Hassan I was the sultan of Morocco (1873–94), whose policy of internal reforms brought his country a degree of stability previously unknown and who succeeded in preserving the independence of that North African nation. Hassan’s succession on Sept. 12, 1873, was peaceful, but throughout his reign he

North Africa: From the Arab conquest to 1830: …second Arab army, commanded by Ḥassān ibn al-Nuʿmān, was dispatched from Egypt in 693. It faced stiff resistance in the eastern Aurès Mountains from the Jawāra Berbers, who were commanded by a woman whom the Arabs referred to as Kāhinah (al-Kāhinah, “the Priestess”). After Kāhinah was defeated in 698, Ibn…

Ḥassān ibn Thābit was an Arabian poet, best known for his poems in defense of the Prophet Muhammad. Ḥassān had won acclaim at the courts of the Christian Arab Ghassānid kings in Syria and the Lakhmid kings of al-Ḥīrah in Iraq, where he met the poets al-Nābighah, al-Dhubyānī, and ʿAlqamah. He

Hassan II was the king of Morocco from 1961 to 1999. Hassan was considered by pious Muslims to be a direct descendant of the Prophet Muhammad (Ahl al-Bayt). Hassan, after taking a law degree at Bordeaux, France, was appointed commander of the Royal Armed Forces (1955) and deputy premier (1960) and

Morocco: Education of Morocco: …in Casablanca and Fès; the Hassan II Agriculture and Veterinary Institute in Rabat, which conducts leading social science research in addition to its agricultural specialties; and Al-Akhawayn University in Ifrane, a public English-language university inaugurated in 1995 with contributions from Saudi Arabia and the United States.

Maggie Hassan is an American politician who was elected to the U.S. Senate as a Democrat in 2016 and began representing New Hampshire the following year. She previously served as the state’s governor (2013–17). Wood’s father, Robert Coldwell Wood, taught political science at the Massachusetts

Sayyid Maxamed Cabdulle Xasan was a Somali religious and nationalist leader (called the “Mad Mullah” by the British) who for 20 years led armed resistance to the British, Italian, and Ethiopian colonial forces in Somaliland. Because of his active resistance to the British and his vision of a

Muhammad Farah Aydid was a Somali faction leader. He received military training in Italy and the U.S.S.R. and served in posts under Mohamed Siad Barre (1978–89) before overthrowing him in 1991. He became the dominant clan leader at the centre of the Somalian civil war. Losing the interim presidency

Samia Suluhu Hassan is a Tanzanian politician who has served as president of Tanzania since 2021. She is the first woman to serve as president of the country and is also the first president of Tanzania to have been born in Zanzibar. Hassan was born in Zanzibar in 1960, four years before Zanzibar

Mauritania: Ethnic groups: …Ḥassān and known as the Ḥassānīs, and murābiṭ—called marabouts by the French and known in their own language as zawāyā after the name of a place of religious study (see zāwiyah)—who were holy men and scholars of religious texts. The warriors generally claimed Arab descent, and many of the zawāyā…

Mauritania: Languages: The Moors speak Ḥassāniyyah Arabic, a dialect that draws most of its grammar from Arabic and uses a vocabulary of both Arabic and Arabized Amazigh words. Most of the Ḥassāniyyah speakers are also familiar with colloquial Egyptian and Syrian Arabic due to the influence of television and radio…

sword dance: The hassapikos, or butchers’ dance, of Turkey and ancient and modern Greece—now a communal social dance—was in the Middle Ages a battle mime with swords performed by the butchers’ guild, which adopted it from the military.

Ernst Hasse was a German nationalist and political leader who turned the General German League (Allgemeiner Deutscher Verband), founded in 1891, into the militantly nationalistic and anti-Semitic Pan-German League (Alldeutscher Verband) in 1894. A professor of statistics at Leipzig, Hasse

Faustina Bordoni was an Italian mezzo-soprano, one of the first great prima donnas, known for her beauty and acting as well as her vocal range and breath control. Of a noble family, she studied with Michelangelo Gasparini under the patronage of Alessandro and Benedetto Marcello. In 1716 she made a

Johann Adolph Hasse was an outstanding composer of operas in the Italian style that dominated late Baroque opera. Hasse began his career as a singer and made his debut as a composer in 1721 with the opera Antioco. He went to Italy, where he studied with Nicola Porpora and with Alessandro Scarlatti

Odd Hassel was a Norwegian physical chemist and corecipient, with Derek H.R. Barton of Great Britain, of the 1969 Nobel Prize for Chemistry for his work in establishing conformational analysis (the study of the three-dimensional geometric structure of molecules). Hassel studied at the University of

The View: Debut and hosts: Other high-profile hosts have included Elisabeth Hasselbeck (2003–13), a former contestant on the reality TV series Survivor; the actress and comedian Sherri Shepherd (2007–14); Meghan McCain (2017–21), daughter of U.S. Sen. John McCain; and Nicolle Wallace (2014–15), a former White House communications director for Pres. George W. Bush. In 2023…

Lawrence Joseph Henderson: …modified by the Danish biochemist Karl Hasselbalch, to describe these systems, now known as the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation, is of fundamental importance to biochemistry.

Seattle Seahawks: …following year traded for quarterback Matt Hasselbeck, who, along with All-Pro offensive lineman Walter Jones, formed the core of one of the most successful team in Seahawks’ history.

Bridgettine: …at Rome in 1911 by Mother Elisabeth Hasselblad, were recognized by the Holy See in 1942 as an offshoot of the ancient order. Its members are contemplatives whose prayer life is directed to the reunion of all Christians.

Macquarie Island: …was sighted in 1810 by Frederick Hasselborough, an Australian sealer, who named it for Lachlan Macquarie, then governor of New South Wales. Hasselborough noted at the time the presence of a wrecked ship “of ancient design,” presumably Polynesian. The island was a centre for seal hunting until 1919. It has…

Klaus Hasselmann is a German oceanographer who was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics in 2021 for the foundational progress he and Japanese-born American meteorologist Syukuro Manabe made in developing scientific models of Earth’s climate, quantifying variability, and predicting global warming.

Klaus Hasselmann is a German oceanographer who was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics in 2021 for the foundational progress he and Japanese-born American meteorologist Syukuro Manabe made in developing scientific models of Earth’s climate, quantifying variability, and predicting global warming.

Augustana Evangelical Lutheran Church: Tufve Nilsson Hasselquist, an ordained minister in the Church of Sweden, was the first president. It took its name from Confessio Augustana, the Latin name for the Augsburg Confession, written in 1530 by German Lutheran Reformers. After its Norwegian membership withdrew in 1870, the church…

Hasselt, capital of Limburg province, Flanders Region, northeastern Belgium. It lies along the Demer River near the Albert Canal, northwest of Liège. For centuries it has been a centre of administration, a market town, and a home of distilleries; the gin called Hasselt Spirit is still produced

André van Hasselt was a Romantic poet whose career influenced the “Young Belgium” writers’ efforts to establish an identifiable French-Belgian literature in the late-19th century. Van Hasselt obtained Belgian nationality in 1833 and settled in Brussels, where he was employed at the Bourgogne

André van Hasselt was a Romantic poet whose career influenced the “Young Belgium” writers’ efforts to establish an identifiable French-Belgian literature in the late-19th century. Van Hasselt obtained Belgian nationality in 1833 and settled in Brussels, where he was employed at the Bourgogne

Hans Daniel Hassenpflug was a pro-Austrian Hessian politician whose reactionary, anticonstitutional policies earned him the nickname “Hessenfluch” (“Curse of Hesse”). After studying law, Hassenpflug entered the Hesse-Kassel civil service. In 1832 he was named minister of the interior and of justice

Hassi Messaoud, major oilfield, east-central Algeria. The field lies in the Grand Erg (sand dunes) Oriental of the Sahara. The Hassi Messaoud oilfield, discovered in 1956, has a generally north-south axis, and the reservoirs are sandstones of the Paleozoic Era. In 1979 Hassi Messaoud’s oil refinery

Hassi RʾMel, town, containing one of the world’s major natural-gas fields (discovered in 1956), north-central Algeria. It lies 37 miles (60 km) northwest of Ghardaïa. It is also an intermediate stage on the natural-gas and oil pipelines running from Hassi Messaoud to the northern Algeria coastal

The pioneering accomplishments of track star Hassiba Boulmerka made her a controversial figure in her native country, Algeria. She was the first woman from an Arab or African nation to win a world track-and-field championship and the first Algerian to win an Olympic gold medal. She inspired strong

hassium (Hs), an artificially produced element belonging to the transuranium group, atomic number 108. It was synthesized and identified in 1984 by West German researchers at the Institute for Heavy Ion Research (Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung [GSI]) in Darmstadt. On the basis of its

Hans Leo Hassler was an outstanding German composer notable for his creative expansion of several musical styles. Hassler studied with his father, the organist Isaak Hassler (d. 1591). After mastering the imitative techniques of Orlando di Lasso and the fashionable polychoral style of the

Lion Feuchtwanger: …was Die hässliche Herzogin (1923; The Ugly Duchess), about Margaret Maultasch, duchess of Tirol. His finest novel, Jud Süss (1925; also published as Jew Süss and Power), set in 18th-century Germany, revealed a depth of psychological analysis that remained characteristic of his subsequent work—the Josephus-Trilogie (Der jüdische Krieg, 1932; Die…

Hassuna, ancient Mesopotamian town located south of modern Mosul in northern Iraq. Excavated in 1943–44 by the Iraqi Directorate of Antiquities, Hassuna was found to represent a rather advanced village culture that apparently spread throughout northern Mesopotamia. At Hassuna itself, six layers of

Hassuna: Characteristic of the so-called Hassuna period (c. 5750–c. 5350 bc) was a large, oval dish with a corrugated or pitted inner surface that was probably used as a husking tray. Husking-tray fragments have been found from Eridu in southern Iraq to Ras Shamra on the Syrian coast. In addition,…

Hassuna: …levels, occupied during the so-called Hassuna-Sāmarrāʾ period (c. 5350–c. 5050 bc), are identified with a culture restricted to the area of the middle Tigris and Euphrates rivers. The Sāmarrāʾ pottery was remarkable not only for its new shapes but also for its bold and innovative use of elaborately painted motifs.

ʿAbd al-Khāliq Ḥassūnah was an Egyptian diplomat who was secretary-general of the Arab League (1952–72) and a skillful mediator, particularly during the international crisis that ensued after Egyptian Pres. Gamal Abdel Nasser nationalized the Suez Canal in 1956 and during the difficulties

ʿAbd al-Khāliq Ḥassūnah was an Egyptian diplomat who was secretary-general of the Arab League (1952–72) and a skillful mediator, particularly during the international crisis that ensued after Egyptian Pres. Gamal Abdel Nasser nationalized the Suez Canal in 1956 and during the difficulties

phalanx: …a thrusting spear called the hasta; from this the heavy infantry derived its name, hastati, retaining it even after Rome abandoned the phalanx for the more flexible legion.

Dennis Hastert is an American Republican politician who served (1987–2007) in the U.S. House of Representatives, where he was speaker of the House from 1999 to 2007. In 2016 he pled guilty to violating banking laws and publicly admitted to having sexually abused teenaged boys several decades

Dennis Hastert is an American Republican politician who served (1987–2007) in the U.S. House of Representatives, where he was speaker of the House from 1999 to 2007. In 2016 he pled guilty to violating banking laws and publicly admitted to having sexually abused teenaged boys several decades

Dennis Hastert is an American Republican politician who served (1987–2007) in the U.S. House of Representatives, where he was speaker of the House from 1999 to 2007. In 2016 he pled guilty to violating banking laws and publicly admitted to having sexually abused teenaged boys several decades

African Americans: African American life during the Great Depression and the New Deal: …Administration’s director of Negro affairs; William H. Hastie, who in 1937 became the first Black federal judge; Eugene K. Jones, executive secretary of the National Urban League; Robert Vann, editor of the Pittsburgh Courier; and the economist Robert C. Weaver.

India: Location: …had reportedly been moved from Hastinapura to Kaushambi when the former was devastated by a great flood, which excavations show to have occurred about the 9th century bce. The Mallas lived in eastern Uttar Pradesh. Avanti arose in the Ujjain-Narmada valley region, with its capital at Mahishmati; during the reign…

Hastings, borough (district), administrative county of East Sussex, historic county of Sussex, England. The old port of Hastings, premier among the medieval Cinque Ports, was developed in modern times as a seaside resort. Prehistoric earthworks and the ruins of a medieval castle crown Castle Hill,

Cinque Ports: New Romney, and Hastings—were later added the “ancient towns” of Winchelsea and Rye with the privileges of “head ports.” More than 30 other towns in the counties of Kent and Sussex were also attached. Until the 14th century the Cinque Ports provided the permanent nucleus of the royal…

Hastings, city, seat (1857) of Dakota county, southeastern Minnesota, U.S. It lies on the Mississippi River where it is joined by the St. Croix River, about 20 miles (30 km) southeast of St. Paul. Part of the city extends across the Mississippi into Washington county. Sioux Indians were early

Hastings, city, seat (1878) of Adams county, south-central Nebraska, U.S. The city lies along the West Fork Big Blue River, about 100 miles (160 km) west of Lincoln. Pawnee were living in the area when it was visited by explorers John C. Frémont and Kit Carson in 1842. Founded in 1872 at the

Hastings, city (“district”), eastern North Island, New Zealand. It lies on the Heretaunga Plains, near Hawke Bay. The area’s first European settlers arrived in 1864 to take up land leased from the local Maori. The settlement was linked to the island’s rail system by 1873 and was named for Warren

Kamala Harris: Early life and education: …San Francisco (formerly known as Hastings College).

Donner party: Hastings Cutoff: On July 31 the Donner party entered Hastings Cutoff, which would take the group south of the Great Salt Lake in what is now Utah. Hastings had claimed that his route would shave more than 300 miles (480 km) from the journey to California.…

microscope: Types of magnifiers: …such as the Steinheil or Hastings forms, use three or more elements to achieve better correction for chromatic aberrations and distortion. In general, a better approach is the use of aspheric surfaces and fewer elements.

Battle of Hastings, battle on October 14, 1066, that ended in the defeat of Harold II of England by William, duke of Normandy, and established the Normans as the rulers of England. Throughout his reign, the childless Edward the Confessor had used the absence of a clear successor to the throne as a

Francis Rawdon-Hastings, 1st marquess of Hastings was a British soldier and colonial administrator. As governor-general of Bengal, he conquered the Maratha states and greatly strengthened British rule in India. Hastings joined the army in 1771 as an ensign in the 15th Foot. He served in the

Francis Rawdon-Hastings, 1st marquess of Hastings was a British soldier and colonial administrator. As governor-general of Bengal, he conquered the Maratha states and greatly strengthened British rule in India. Hastings joined the army in 1771 as an ensign in the 15th Foot. He served in the

Frank Abney Hastings was a British naval officer who fought in the War of Greek Independence and was the first commander to use a ship with auxiliary steam power in naval action. The son of Lieutenant General Sir Charles Hastings, Frank Hastings was cashiered from the Royal Navy for a breach of

encyclopaedia: Other topics: James Hastings, a Scottish clergyman, was responsible for no fewer than four encyclopaedic works in this field: A Dictionary of the Bible (1898–1904); A Dictionary of Christ and the Gospels (1906–08); Encyclopaedia of Religion and Ethics (1908–26); and Dictionary of the Apostolic Church (1915–18). An…

Victoria: Accession to the throne: The Hastings affair began when Lady Flora Hastings, a maid of honour who was allied and connected to the Tories, was forced by Victoria to undergo a medical examination for suspected pregnancy. The gossip, when it was discovered that the queen had been mistaken, became the more damaging when later…

gonzo journalism: Gonzo journalism since Thompson: …McChrystal written by American journalist Michael Hastings for Rolling Stone, resulted in McChrystal being fired due to the profile’s inclusion of dialogue between the general and his soldiers containing disparaging, derisive remarks about top officials in U.S. Pres. Barack Obama’s administration. Hastings—who once declared that he did not believe in…

Reed Hastings is an American entrepreneur who was cofounder (1997) of Netflix, a media-streaming and video-rental company. He served as its CEO (1998–2020) and co-CEO (2020–23) before becoming executive chairman (2023– ). Hastings studied mathematics at Bowdoin College in Brunswick, Maine,

Warren Hastings was the first and most famous of the British governors-general of India, who dominated Indian affairs from 1772 to 1785 and was impeached (though acquitted) on his return to England. The son of a clergyman of the Church of England, Hastings was abandoned by his father at an early

William Hastings, Baron Hastings was an English soldier and diplomat, a supporter of King Edward IV and the Yorkists against the Lancastrians in the Wars of the Roses. Son of Sir Leonard Hastings (d. 1455), he was master of the mint and chamberlain of the royal household under Edward IV and was

Reed Hastings is an American entrepreneur who was cofounder (1997) of Netflix, a media-streaming and video-rental company. He served as its CEO (1998–2020) and co-CEO (2020–23) before becoming executive chairman (2023– ). Hastings studied mathematics at Bowdoin College in Brunswick, Maine,

amphibole: Igneous rocks: Hastingsite is found in granites and alkali-rich intrusives such as syenites. The alkali amphiboles riebeckite and arfvedsonite are found most commonly in granites, syenites, nepheline syenites, and related pegmatites. Richterite occurs as a hydrothermal product and in veins in alkaline igneous rocks.

elephant: Importance to humans: Hastividyarama, an age-old handbook for elephant tamers, spells out prescribed training procedures in detail and is still used today in some parts of Asia. Commanded by its mahout, the elephant was once basic to Southeast Asian logging operations. It remains a symbol of power and…

Contact: …McAlmon published his short-story collection A Hasty Bunch himself in 1922. That, his contacts with fellow expatriate writers in Paris, and a large gift of money from his father-in-law, a shipping tycoon, led to McAlmon’s Contact Editions books, which began to appear in 1923. These included works by himself and…

Vincent Sherman: Women’s pictures: The Hasty Heart (1949), an adaptation of John Patrick’s play, was set in a military hospital during World War II; it starred Richard Todd, Patricia Neal, and Ronald Reagan. Backfire (1950) was a second-tier noir, with Virginia Mayo and Gordon MacRae.

mock-epic: An American mock-epic, Joel Barlow’s The Hasty Pudding (written 1793), celebrates in three 400-line cantos his favourite New England dish, cornmeal mush.

Jack Lemmon: …was president of the school’s Hasty Pudding Club, an organization renowned for its annual satiric revues. He served in the U.S. Navy during World War II and graduated from Harvard in 1947, after which he moved to New York City. There he worked as a piano player and actor, taking…

Susanna Rowson was an English-born American actress, educator, and author of the first American best-seller, Charlotte Temple. Susanna Haswell was the daughter of an officer in the Royal Navy. She grew up from 1768 in Massachusetts, where her father was stationed, but the family returned to England

DESY: … and ultraviolet wavelengths) for the Hamburg Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory (HASYLAB). HASYLAB is a national user research facility administered within DESY that invites scientists to explore the applications of synchrotron-radiation research in molecular biology, materials science, chemistry, geophysics, and medicine.

hat, any of various styles of head covering. Hats may serve protective functions but often signify the wearer’s sensibility to fashion or serve ceremonial functions, as when symbolizing the office or rank of the wearer. Hats of plant fibres are associated with the ancient rural traditions of Europe

histone: …act on histones, such as histone acetyltransferases (HATs), which add acetyl groups and promote gene activation, and histone deacetylases (HDACs), which remove acetyl groups and generally block gene activity.

Southeast Asian arts: Vietnam: The hat a dao found in the north is the oldest form. It is a woman’s art song with different instrumental accompaniments, dances, a varied repertoire, and a long history of evolution.

Hat Act, (1732), in U.S. colonial history, British law restricting colonial manufacture and export of hats in direct competition with English hatmakers. Part of the mercantile system that subordinated the colonies economically, the Hat Act forbade exportation of hats from the colonies, limited

Southeast Asian arts: The opera: The classic opera, known as hat boi, hat bo, or hat tuong, is a Vietnamese adaptation of the Chinese opera long supported by kings and provincial mandarins as a court art and performed for popular audiences as well, especially in central Vietnam. The introduction of Chinese opera is attributed to…

Southeast Asian arts: The opera: The classic opera, known as hat boi, hat bo, or hat tuong, is a Vietnamese adaptation of the Chinese opera long supported by kings and provincial mandarins as a court art and performed for popular audiences as well, especially in central Vietnam. The introduction of Chinese opera is attributed to…

hat cheo, Vietnamese peasant theatre. It is generally (though not always) played out-of-doors in the forecourt of a village communal house. It is basically satirical in intent. Performances are given by amateur touring groups whose acting is realistic, rather than stylized. The popular theatre

Carl Gustaf, Count Tessin: …founder of the 18th-century parliamentary Hat Party and an influential adviser to the court of Adolf Frederick.

Southeast Asian arts: The opera: The classic opera, known as hat boi, hat bo, or hat tuong, is a Vietnamese adaptation of the Chinese opera long supported by kings and provincial mandarins as a court art and performed for popular audiences as well, especially in central Vietnam. The introduction of Chinese opera is attributed to…

Hat Yai, city on the Malay Peninsula, extreme southern Thailand. It has become a modern, rapidly growing commercial city by virtue of its position on the major road south to Malaysia and on the junction of the eastern and western branches of the Bangkok-Singapore railroad. It also has an