Chinese literature: 1949–76: …Baimaonü (1953; White-Haired Girl) by He Jingzhi, was taken from a contemporary folk legend. It was made a model that all writers were supposed to follow.

Nastia Liukin: …bars, she and Chinese gymnast He Kexin tied for the top score. After the tie-breaking procedure was put into place, He was awarded the gold medal, and Liukin received the silver. Although Liukin was disappointed not to have won on the uneven bars, her five medals made her the most…

He Knew He Was Right, novel by Anthony Trollope, published serially from 1868 to 1869 and in two volumes in 1869. It is the story of a wealthy emotionally unstable man and his unwarranted jealousy of his

Faith Baldwin: … (1932), Manhattan Nights (1937), and He Married a Doctor (1944). Her last completed novel, Adam’s Eden, appeared in 1977.

Peter IV was the king of Aragon from January 1336, son of Alfonso IV. Peter was the most cultivated of Spanish 14th-century kings but was also an inveterate political intriguer whose ability to dissemble was notorious. Through his voluminous correspondence, the workings of his mind are far better

Chinese literature: 1927–37: …and the romantic verses of He Qifang. Less popular but more daring were Dai Wangshu and Li Jinfa, poets published in Xiandai (“Contemporary Age”), a Shanghai literary magazine. The latter wrote very sophisticated, if frequently baffling, poetry in the manner of the French Symbolists.

James Wong Howe: …and increased his mobility for He Ran All the Way (1951) by shooting from a wheelchair. Howe won Academy Awards for his work on The Rose Tattoo 1955) and Hud (1963).

Marina Orsini: …role in the television series Lance et Compte, a hockey saga seen by English-speaking viewers in Canada as He Shoots! He Scores! Though her acting experience consisted of only a few television commercials, director Jean-Claude Lord cast Orsini in the role of Suzie Lambert, sister of the main character. The…

George Jones: His gut-wrenching “He Stopped Loving Her Today,” from the platinum album I Am What I Am, topped the charts and won him a Grammy and other awards in 1980. Jones also recorded with friends such as Willie Nelson, Merle Haggard, and Ray Charles, as well as with…

Gary Snyder: …on aspects of tribal life; He Who Hunted Birds in His Father’s Village, an examination of Haida Indian myth, published in 1979 but written as an academic paper more than 25 years earlier; and Passage Through India (1984), an account of an Asian pilgrimage. In 1986 Snyder published Left Out…

He Xiangu, in Chinese mythology, one of the Baxian, the Eight Immortals of Daoism. As a teenaged girl she dreamed that mother-of-pearl conferred immortality. She thereupon ate some, became ethereal, and found she could float across the hills at will. She returned home each evening carrying herbs

He Yan was a Chinese scholar who cofounded the philosophical movement qingtan (“pure conversation”), in which groups of scholars used Daoist terms and concepts to give new meanings to Confucian texts. They also utilized Confucian moral and social philosophy to politicize Daoist thought. A child

The Brill Building: Assembly-Line Pop: …Weil’s “Uptown” and Pitney’s “He’s a Rebel” for the Crystals. Producer Phil Spector was perhaps the Brill Building’s biggest customer as well as a frequent collaborator. He worked variously with Greenwich and Barry, Goffin and King, and Mann and Weil to cowrite material for the Crystals, the Ronettes, the…

Ben Affleck: Return to prominence: In 2009 Affleck starred in He’s Just Not That into You, a romantic comedy that also featured Jennifer Aniston; the crime thriller State of Play; and the workplace satire Extract.

head, in human anatomy, the upper portion of the body, consisting of the skull with its coverings and contents, including the lower jaw. It is attached to the spinal column by way of the first cervical vertebra, the atlas, and connected with the trunk of the body by the muscles, blood vessels, and

inflorescence: Indeterminate inflorescence.: A head (capitulum) is a short dense spike in which the flowers are borne directly on a broad, flat peduncle, giving the inflorescence the appearance of a single flower, as in the dandelion (Taraxacum).

hydroelectric power: …elevations is known as the head. At the end of its passage down the pipes, the falling water causes turbines to rotate. The turbines in turn drive generators, which convert the turbines’ mechanical energy into electricity. Transformers are then used to convert the alternating voltage suitable for the generators to…

sound recording: The audiotape: The recording head of the tape deck consists of a tiny C-shaped magnet with its gap adjacent to the moving tape. The incoming sound wave, having been converted by a microphone into an electrical signal, produces a time-varying magnetic field in the gap of the magnet. As…

stringed instrument: Morphology: The pegbox carries the four tuning pegs, two on each side. It is slotted to the front to receive the strings. The pegs are tapered and pass through two holes in the cheeks of the head. At the top of the head is the scroll, again…

Bob Rafelson: Films of the 1960s and early 1970s: …direct his first feature film, Head (1968), a cheerfully off-the-wall, decidedly experimental celebration of the Monkees, which he cowrote with then-unknown writer-actor Jack Nicholson. Head was labeled as pretentious by some but ultimately became a cult favourite. Raybert Productions’ status in the film industry took a quantum leap when it…

Buchi Emecheta: Emecheta wrote an autobiography, Head Above Water (1986), and several works of children’s and juvenile fiction. She was made an Officer of the British Empire (OBE) in 2005.

Avril Lavigne: …informed her sixth studio album, Head Above Water (2019). Love Sux was released in 2022.

Hervé Bazin: …Tête contre les murs (1949; Head Against the Wall), a novel about penal institutions and the judicial system that supports them, and in a second autobiographical novel, La Mort du petit cheval (1950; “The Death of a Small Horse”).

head and neck cancer, any of a group of malignant diseases that originate variously in the oral cavity (including the lips and the mouth), the nasal cavity, the paranasal sinuses, the larynx (voicebox), the pharynx (throat), or the salivary glands. Incidence rates for head and neck cancer vary

Imagine having the ability to spot a long-term market reversal as it’s unfolding. This would give you plenty of time to plan your next move—arguably, a significant edge in your investment game. Although there’s no such thing as a crystal ball in the markets, some price patterns have been,

cetacean: Aggression and defense: …dangerous means of aggression is head butting. Cetaceans can ram their heads into other individuals and kill them. This has been seen in captivity and in aggressive behaviours toward other species such as sharks and accounts for many of the broken ribs and vertebrae seen in stranded animals.

cabbage: oleracea, variety capitata]) and small axillary heads (e.g., Brussels sprouts [B. oleracea, variety gemmifera]) Flowers and thickened flower stalks: flowers little or not modified (broccoli [B. oleracea, variety italica]) and flowers much thickened and modified (cauliflower [B. oleracea, variety botrytis])

fertilization: Sperm-egg association: The acrosome reaction of spermatozoa is a prerequisite for the association between a spermatozoon and an egg, which occurs through fusion of their plasma membranes. After a spermatozoon comes in contact with an egg, the acrosome, which is a prominence at the anterior tip of the…

Pixies: …included Indie Cindy (2014) and Head Carrier (2016).

head flattening, practice of intentionally changing the shape of the human skull, once common in some cultures. Head flattening was practiced by a number of North, Central, and South American Indian tribes, particularly before European colonization. It was most commonly accomplished by securing an

Coldplay: …Full of Stars”; the upbeat A Head Full of Dreams (2015); and the EP Kaleidoscope (2017). To mark the release of Everyday Life (2019), Coldplay performed two livestreamed concerts, one at sunrise and the other at sunset, in Amman, Jordan. In 2021 Music of the Spheres appeared, and it became…

gas meter: Head-type gas meters measure quantity of gas per unit time. The measurement is based on a deliberately produced pressure drop, or head, between two nearby points in a tube in the meter. This pressure differential can be converted to a flow rate. Devices used to…

Osa Johnson: distribution, included Jungle Adventures (1921), Head Hunters of the South Seas (1922), Trailing African Wild Animals (1923), Simba, the King of Beasts (1928), Across the World (1930), Wonders of the Congo (1931), Congorilla (1932), Baboona (1935), and Borneo

Charlize Theron: …Death of Peter Sellers and Head in the Clouds. Her performance as a miner battling sexual harassment in North Country (2005) earned Theron an Academy Award nomination for best actress. She subsequently appeared in the drama In the Valley of Elah (2007), the superhero movie Hancock (2008), and The Road…

lettuce: …thick, succulent, edible stem; (2) head, or cabbage, lettuce (variety capitata), with the leaves folded into a compact head; (3) leaf, or curled, lettuce (variety crispa), with a rosette of leaves that are curled, finely cut, smooth-edged, or oak-leaved in shape; and (4) cos, or romaine, lettuce (variety longifolia), with…

human louse: …subspecies, Pediculus humanus capitis, the head louse, and P. humanus humanus, the body louse, or cootie.

Joan Miró: Paris and early work: the nightmarish Head of a Woman (1938), with a demonic expressiveness that mirrored the fears and horrors of those years.

Pablo Picasso: Les Demoiselles d’Avignon: …of Fernande include the sculpture Head of a Woman (1909) and several paintings related to it, including Woman with Pears (1909).

Antoine Bourdelle: …created an important work, the Head of Apollo, the majestic dignity and broad planes of which recall early Classical Greek sculpture. In 1910 he achieved his first triumph in the Salon with Herakles (also called Hercules Archer), which again owes much to Archaic art, although the pose is far more…

Christology: Early 20th century to the present: …reproduced paintings of Jesus; his Head of Christ (1940) was distributed to U.S. soldiers during World War II. Sallman continued to paint Jesus in various settings, as in Christ in Gethsemane (1941), The Lord Is My Shepherd (1943), and Christ Our Pilot (1950).

Elkton, town, seat (1786) of Cecil county, northeastern Maryland, U.S. It lies near the Delaware state line, 21 miles (34 km) west-southwest of Wilmington. It was patented as Friendship in 1681 but was later known as Head of Elk (for its location at the head of the Elk River); its present name was

head of government, the holder of the highest office in the government of a sovereign state, who also exercises practical political power. Some heads of government are technically holders of the second highest office in a country, the highest office being occupied by a ceremonial head of state who

head of state, the highest representative of a sovereign state, who may or may not also be its head of government. The role of the head of state is primarily representative, serving to symbolize the unity and integrity of the state at home and abroad. The specific title of the head of state depends

Chris Rock: …made his directorial debut with Head of State, which centred on a presidential election. After the popular HBO comedy special Never Scared (2004), he cocreated a television series based on his childhood, Everybody Hates Chris (2005–09). The show was a critical and commercial success. Rock hosted the Academy Awards ceremony…

the Cure: Mainstream success: The Head on the Door (1985) includes the songs “In Between Days” and “Close to Me,” which made it onto the Billboard Hot 100 and peaked on the U.K. charts at number 15 and number 24, respectively. Kiss Me, Kiss Me, Kiss Me (1987) highlights…

kolp’um: … or “true bone”) and six dup’ums (or “head ranks”). The two gols were from the royal and formerly royal families; the sixth dup’um through the fourth were from the general nobility, and the third down to the first from the commoners.

graphic novel: From comic strips to comic books: Underground comix circulated via “head shops” (stores that sold marijuana pipes and other drug paraphernalia) and independent bookstores, rather than via newspaper stands. The paper comix were printed on was sometimes cheaper, and the printing quality was variable.

Economic Opportunity Act: …of the EOA was the Head Start program, which was designed to help prepare children from disadvantaged families for success in public schools. Having learned that some of the difficulties encountered by disadvantaged children stemmed from the lack of opportunities for normal cognitive development during their early life, the program…

speech: The basic registers: called chest voice, midvoice, and head voice. These terms are derived from observations, for example, that in the low-chest register the resonances are felt chiefly over the chest. When sitting on a wooden bench with a large male, one can feel the vibrations of his low voice being transmitted through…

Earth exploration: Seismic refraction methods: Such waves are called head waves, and the refraction method involves their interpretation. From a plot of travel time as a function of source–Geophone distance, the number, thicknesses, and velocities of rock layers present can be determined for simple situations. The assumptions usually made are that (1) each layer…

Buffy the Vampire Slayer: …Buffy’s watcher, Rupert Giles (Anthony Stewart Head, later known for his role as the prime minister in the British television series Little Britain, 2003–06), who is charged with informing, training, and guiding Buffy throughout her battles with demonic forces.

Buffy the Vampire Slayer: …Buffy’s watcher, Rupert Giles (Anthony Stewart Head, later known for his role as the prime minister in the British television series Little Britain, 2003–06), who is charged with informing, training, and guiding Buffy throughout her battles with demonic forces.

Bessie Emery Head was an African writer who described the contradictions and shortcomings of pre- and postcolonial African society in morally didactic novels and stories. Head was born of an illegal union between her white mother (who was placed in a mental asylum during her pregnancy) and black

Edith Head was an American motion-picture costume designer. Head was the daughter of a mining engineer, and she grew up in various towns and camps in Arizona, Nevada, and Mexico. She attended the University of California (B.A.) and Stanford University (M.A.). After a time as a schoolteacher and

Mount Aspiring: …first scaled in 1909 by Major Bernard Head. It became the central feature of the 1,109-square-mile (2,872-square-kilometre) Mount Aspiring National Park, created in 1964 and extending south from Haast Pass to Fiordland National Park.

Pat Summitt was an American collegiate women’s basketball coach at the University of Tennessee (1974–2012) who led the squad to eight National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) championships (1987, 1989, 1991, 1996–98, and 2007–08) and compiled more wins (1,098) than any other Division I

human sensory reception: Approaches to the study of sensing: …of sensations was made by Sir Henry Head (1861–1940), a British neurologist who noted that after a sensory nerve from the skin had been cut, the first sensations to recover as the nerve healed appeared to be diffuse and extremely unpleasant. Head theorized that this initial lack of sharp discrimination…

Edvard I. Moser: …in the dMEC, known as head direction cells and border cells, that were involved in spatial representation. Head direction cells were found to transmit signals when an animal positioned its head in a specific direction, and border cells were discovered to transmit signals about an environment’s edges and boundaries. Subsequent…

virtual reality: Early work: …a helicopter pilot wore a head-mounted display (HMD) that showed video from a servo-controlled infrared camera mounted beneath the helicopter. The camera moved with the pilot’s head, both augmenting his night vision and providing a level of immersion sufficient for the pilot to equate his field of vision with the…

Alberta: Cultural institutions: Head-Smashed-In Buffalo Jump, another World Heritage site, near Fort Macleod, features a buffalo jump (a cliff over which hunters chased buffalo) that was used for 6,000 years. Other notable institutions include the Ukrainian Cultural Heritage Village (located east of Edmonton), the Crowsnest Pass Ecomuseum (on…

galaxy: Clusters of galaxies as radio and X-ray sources: These are the “head-tail” galaxies, systems that have a bright source accompanied by a tail or tails that appear swept back by their interaction with the cooler more stationary intergalactic gas. These tails are radio lobes of ejected gas whose shape has been distorted by collisions with the…

isoprenoid: Structural classification of isoprenoids: …from isoprene units linked “head to tail”; that is, carbon atom 1 of one unit is bonded to carbon atom 4 of the next unit.

headache, pain in various parts of the head. Headaches affect nearly everyone at some time in their life, recurrent headaches approximately 10 percent of persons. Headaches vary widely in their intensity and in the seriousness of the underlying conditions that cause them. Most headaches occur

Günter Grass: Other novels and fictional works: …die Deutschen sterben aus (1980; Headbirths; or, The Germans Are Dying Out), which describes a young couple’s agonizing over whether to have a child in the face of a population explosion and the threat of nuclear war; Die Rättin (1986; The Rat), a vision of the end of the human…

papermaking: Formation of paper sheet by machines: The function of the headbox is to distribute a continuous flow of wet stock at constant velocities, both across the width of the machine and lengthwise of the sheet, as stock is deposited on the screen. Equal quantities of properly dispersed stock should be supplied to all areas of…

river: Variation of stream regime: Headcutting is commonly associated with piping, because headcuts frequently expose the subsoil. A headcut is an abrupt step in the channel profile, some centimetres to some metres high; it may originate merely as a bare or trampled patch in a vegetated channel bed but will…

jewelry: Central and South American: pre-Columbian: …of the body was the head. Although gold and other precious metals were components of these ornaments, feathers and other brightly coloured materials were the most important features—the more elaborate the trimmings, the higher the social rank and class of the wearer. Examples of such headdresses can be seen in…

Martin Johnson Heade was an American painter known for his seascapes and still-life paintings and associated with the luminist aesthetic. Heade grew up in rural Pennsylvania and studied art with his neighbour the folk artist Edward Hicks and possibly with Hicks’s cousin Thomas Hicks, a portrait

header, machine for harvesting grain, developed in the United States, Canada, and Australia; along with the binder, it was standard equipment for harvesting wheat in the United States and Canada until early in the 20th century, when the grain combine was widely adopted. The header clipped the heads

bond: A bond course of headers (units laid with their ends toward the face of the wall) can be used to bond exterior masonry to backing masonry. Headers used in this manner may also be called throughstones, or perpends. Units laid with their lengths parallel to the face of a…

team roping: The first roper (header) begins behind a rope barrier to give the steer a head start. If the header leaves too soon (“breaks the barrier”), a 10-second penalty is assessed. The header chases after the steer and ropes either both horns, the head and one horn, or the…

Game of Thrones: Premise and plot: …widow, Queen Cersei Lannister (Lena Headey), and her children. The conflict draws in two of the Stark children, Robb (Richard Madden) and Sansa (Sophie Turner), while the younger children Arya (Maisie Williams) and Bran (Isaac Hempstead Wright) find themselves on their own terrifying adventures. Jon Snow (Kit Harington), raised…

mola, any of six species of oceanic fishes of the family Molidae. Molas have a distinctive bullet-shaped appearance, with a short body that ends abruptly in a thick rudderlike structure called a clavus just behind the tall triangular dorsal and anal fins. The development of the clavus results from

Jo Nesbø: Other works: …and the novels Hodejegerne (2009; Headhunters; film 2011), Sønnen (2014; The Son), and Kongeriket (2020; The Kingdom). Blod på snø (2015; Blood on Snow) and Mere blod (2015; Midnight Sun) are linked crime thrillers set in 1970s Norway. Macbeth (2018), a retelling of Shakespeare’s classic play, was written for the…

Chelsea FC: …of football hooligans, known as the Headhunters; they have been responsible for organized violence in the stands since the 1970s, usually consisting of assaults on fans of other teams.

headhunting, practice of removing and preserving human heads. Headhunting arises in some cultures from a belief in the existence of a more or less material soul matter on which all life depends. In the case of human beings, this soul matter is believed to be particularly located in the head, and

gardening: Training and pruning: …pruning cuts are known as heading back and thinning out. Heading back consists of cutting back the terminal portion of a branch to a bud; thinning out is the complete removal of a branch to a lateral or main trunk. Heading back, usually followed by the stimulation of lateral budbreak…

headless horseman, fictional character, a legendary spirit that supposedly haunts the community of Sleepy Hollow in Washington Irving’s story “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow,” published in The Sketch Book of Geoffrey Crayon, Gent.

headless line, in prosody, a line of verse that is lacking the normal first syllable. An iambic line with only one syllable in the first foot is a headless line, as in the third line of the following stanza of A.E. Housman’s poem “To an Athlete Dying

Mumbai terrorist attacks of 2008: The attackers: In addition, David C. Headley, a Pakistani American, pleaded guilty in 2011 to helping the terrorists plan the attacks, and in January 2013 he was sentenced in a U.S. federal court to 35 years in prison.

Beowulf: Editions and adaptations: …view of the monster, while Maria Dahvana Headley’s The Mere Wife (2018) was set in contemporary American suburbia and offered a more sympathetic portrayal of Grendel’s mother, who was presented as an army veteran suffering from PTSD. In 2020 Headley also published a feminist translation of Beowulf, and her version…

automobile: Electrical system: Headlights must satisfactorily illuminate the highway ahead of the automobile for driving at night or in inclement weather without temporarily blinding approaching drivers. This was achieved in modern cars with double-filament bulbs with a high and a low beam, called sealed-beam units. Introduced in 1940,…

Michael Frayn: … (1989), Now You Know (1992), Headlong (1999), Spies (2002), and Skios (2012). My Father’s Fortune (2010) was a memoir.

Thomas Love Peacock: ” Headlong Hall (1816), the first of his seven novels, already sets the pattern of all of them: characters seated at table, eating and drinking, and embarking on learned and philosophical discussions in which many common opinions of the day are criticized.

John Malkovich: Personal life: …married fellow Steppenwolf ensemble member Glenne Headly. The couple divorced in 1988 upon the revelation of Malkovich’s affair with his Dangerous Liaisons costar Michelle Pfeiffer. In 1989 he married Nicoletta Peyran. They have a son and a daughter. Malkovich and his family lived in France until 2004, when tax issues…

Louis Auchincloss: …age of 90, Auchincloss published The Headmaster’s Dilemma (2007), a novel about a noble headmaster at a New England prep school.

Edward Thring: In 1869 he founded the Headmasters’ Conference, an organization that had a great influence in English public school education. His major work, Theory and Practice of Teaching (1883), offered critical advice on teaching and teacher education.

the Clash: July 5, 1956, London), and Nick (“Topper”) Headon (b. May 30, 1955, Bromley, Kent, England).

the Clash: July 5, 1956, London), and Nick (“Topper”) Headon (b. May 30, 1955, Bromley, Kent, England).

headphone, small loudspeaker (earphone) held over the ear by a band or wire worn on the head. Headphones are commonly employed in situations in which levels of surrounding noise are high, as in an airplane cockpit, or where a user such as a switchboard operator needs to keep the hands free, or

the Monkees: …on the third Monkees album, Headquarters (1967).

Jean Prouvé: …components is exemplified by his Headquarters of the Federation of Building Industries, Paris (1947–51), and by several experimental houses and a school. His exceptional grasp of building technology resulted in such striking designs as the Meridian Room of the Paris Observatory (1951), the Exhibition Hall at Nanterre, France (1956–58), and…

military unit: …in the form of a headquarters platoon administered by a sergeant and containing supply, maintenance, or other sections.

Osage murders: The Osage Nation and the oil boom: …tribal member in shares called headrights, which were passed along to a person’s legal heirs when the person died. At the height of the oil boom, headrights were worth several million dollars each. Osage tribal members became the wealthiest people per capita in the world, buying mansions, cars, and luxury…

augmented reality: …were almost certainly the “heads-up-displays” (HUDs) used in military airplanes and tanks, in which instrument panel-type information is projected onto the same cockpit canopy or viewfinder through which a crew member sees the external surroundings. Faster computer processors have made it feasible to combine such data displays with real-time…

headphone: …case it is called a headset. For listening to stereophonically reproduced sound, stereo headphones may be used, with separate channels of sound being fed to the two earphones.

Patrick McGorry: …and board member of the National Youth Mental Health Foundation (also known as Headspace), a mental-health initiative of the Australian federal government. The foundation offers information, services, and support in the areas of mental health and social well-being. In addition to his work in the field of early psychosis, McGorry…

bridle: The headstall sometimes includes blinkers—leather flaps that inhibit side vision to keep the animal from being frightened or distracted.

headstander, any of several fishes of the family Anostomidae (order Characiformes). All species are small, reaching a maximum length of 20 cm (8 inches), and are confined to freshwater habitats in South America. The name headstander comes from their habit of swimming at an angle, with the head

Harrow: …in Harrow includes the 14th-century Headstone Manor, a half-timbered structure guarded by a moat; it was the residence of archbishops from the 14th to the 16th century. The medieval Church of St. Mary stands on Harrow Hill and is a conspicuous landmark rising above flat clay country that was overspread…