The Madness of Heracles, drama by Euripides, performed about 416 bce. The action of the play occurs after Heracles performed the 12 labours. Temporarily driven mad by the goddess Hera, Heracles kills his wife and children. When he recovers his reason, he fights suicidal despair and then is taken to

Heraklion, largest city, a dímos (municipality), and principal port of the Greek island of Crete and capital of the pereferiakí enótita (regional unit) Heraklion (Irákleio). It lies on the island’s north coast along the Sea of Crete, just northwest of the ancient Minoan capital of Knossos. The

herald, originally, an officer in medieval Europe charged with carrying messages to and from the commanders of opposing armies; in modern times, a professional authority on armorial history and genealogy. In the 12th century heralds formally announced and conducted tournaments, including the

circus: The parade: Following the bugle brigade heralding the grand event, there was a long procession of horses, flag bearers, bands on magnificent wagons, allegorical tableaux, clowns, knights in armour, beautiful ladies on steeds, Roman chariots, chimes, bells, a band organ, cage after cage of wild animals (some open to view and…

Rupert Murdoch: Acquisitions: News of the World, The Sun, and The Times: …changed the name to the Boston Herald (sold 1994). He bought TV Guide in 1988 (sold 2008). Overall in the 1980s and ’90s he bought and later sold a number of American publications—such as the Chicago Sun-Times, the New York City Village Voice, and New York magazine. Among Murdoch’s diverse…

P.T. Barnum: …a Danbury, Connecticut, weekly newspaper, Herald of Freedom. Arrested three times for libel, he enjoyed his first taste of notoriety.

Marie Mattingly Meloney: …of what became an annual Herald Tribune Forum on Current Problems, a prestigious event that soon drew statesmen from around the world to its platform. In 1935 she became editor of This Week, an experimental Sunday magazine published by the Herald Tribune and distributed with it and a number of…

Noah Webster: …Minerva, and a semi-weekly paper, The Herald, which was made up of reprinted selections from the daily. He sold both papers in 1803.

Theodore Fink: He was chairman of The Herald of Melbourne and helped make it one of the most influential newspapers in Australia.

heraldry, the science and the art that deal with the use, display, and regulation of hereditary symbols employed to distinguish individuals, armies, institutions, and corporations. Those symbols, which originated as identification devices on flags and shields, are called armorial bearings. Strictly

heraldic memorial, commemorative work of art decorated with the armorial bearings of the deceased. Memorials, whether in the form of stained-glass windows, effigies, monumental brasses, or tablets on church walls and in graveyards, provide an heraldic education of great value, contributing to the

heraldry: Records and grants: …important development came with the heraldic visitations. From 1530 in the reign of Henry VIII to 1686 in the reign of James II, commissions were issued by the sovereign to the heralds directing them to proceed to a county in England or Wales and to inspect the arms in use…

César Vallejo: Vallejo’s first book of poems, Los heraldos negros (1918; “The Black Heralds [or Messengers]”), showed him still under the stylistic influence of Parnassianism and Modernism in his exploration of what were to be his major themes: his loss of security when his mother and an older brother died; his resulting…

heraldry, the science and the art that deal with the use, display, and regulation of hereditary symbols employed to distinguish individuals, armies, institutions, and corporations. Those symbols, which originated as identification devices on flags and shields, are called armorial bearings. Strictly

College of Arms, corporation of the royal heralds of England and Wales. After the Court of Lord Lyon (the heraldic corporation of Scotland), it is the oldest active heraldic institution in Europe. The college investigates, records, and advises on the use of coats of arms (armorial bearings), royal

atom: Kinetic theory of gases: Herapath, an English amateur physicist ignored by his contemporaries, published his version of the kinetic theory in 1821. He also derived an empirical relation akin to Boyle’s law but did not understand correctly the role of heat and temperature in determining the pressure of a…

Herāt, city, Herāt velāyat (province), western Afghanistan. It lies on the Harīrūd River, south of the Sefīd Kūh (Paropamisus Range), at an elevation of 3,026 feet (922 metres). Herāt is the focus of one of the country’s most densely populated and fertile agricultural areas, irrigated from the

Herāt, velāyat (province) in western Afghanistan, 23,668 sq mi (61,301 sq km) in area, with its capital at Herāt city. It is bounded by Iran (west), by Turkmenistan and the Afghan province of Bādghīsāt (north), by Ghowr province (east), and by Farāh province (south). Herāt is relatively flat except

Herāt carpet, handwoven floor covering thought to have been woven in Herāt, the Timurid capital in the 15th century, an important city in the 17th century, and now a provincial capital in western Afghanistan. Classic Herāt carpets, made in the 16th and early 17th centuries, are known for their

Herāt school, 15th-century style of miniature painting that flourished in Herāt, western Afghanistan, under the patronage of the Timurids. Shāh Rokh, the son of the Islāmic conqueror Timur (Tamerlane), founded the school, but it was his son Baysunqur Mīrzā (died 1433) who developed it into an

Languedoc-Roussillon: départements of Lozère, Gard, Hérault, Aude, and Pyrénées-Orientales and was roughly coextensive with the former province of Languedoc. In 2016 the Languedoc-Roussillon région was joined with the région of Midi-Pyrénées to form the new administrative entity of Occitanie.

Marie-Jean Hérault de Séchelles was a nobleman and magistrate who became a member of the Committee of Public Safety that ruled Revolutionary France during the period of the Jacobin dictatorship (1793–94). Hérault de Séchelles came from an ancient and distinguished noble family. Wealthy, handsome,

spice and herb: herb, parts of various plants cultivated for their aromatic, pungent, or otherwise desirable substances. Spices and herbs consist of rhizomes, bulbs, barks, flower buds, stigmas, fruits, seeds, and leaves. They are commonly divided into the categories of spices, spice seeds, and herbs. See also

herbaceous plant, any vascular plant that does not have true woody tissues. Herbaceous angiosperms (flowering plants) include nearly all annual and biennial plants and a large number of perennial plants. Nonflowering herbaceous plants are limited to the ferns and lycophytes; all gymnosperms are

Herb Alpert: Career and personal life: …album The Lonely Bull by Herb Alpert & the Tijuana Brass, which Alpert recorded in his garage and at Conway Recording Studios in Hollywood. He found his musical niche with the instrumental song “The Lonely Bull (El Solo Toro),” and his style was dubbed “Ameriachi,” an easy-listening blend of mariachi,…

baneberry: The cohosh, or herb Christopher (A. spicata), native to Eurasia, is approximately 30 to 60 cm (12 to 24 inches) tall and bears purplish black berries that sometimes are used to make dye. The red baneberry, or red cohosh (A. rubra), native to North America, closely…

gardening: Herb and vegetable gardens: …first botanical gardens were largely herb gardens containing plants used for medicinal purposes or herbs such as thyme, parsley, rosemary, fennel, marjoram, and dill for savouring foods. The term herb garden is usually used now to denote a garden of herbs used for cooking, and the medicinal aspect is rarely…

mercury: Major species: Herb mercury, or annual mercury (Mercurialis annua), grows as a weed in cultivated areas and shaded woods. Dog’s mercury (M. perennis), which is malodorous and poisonous to livestock, grows wild in European woodlands. Its leaves are the source of an unstable blue dye. Several former…

gardening: Herbaceous plants: (3) Herbaceous perennials are those that die down to the ground each year but whose roots remain alive and send up new top growth each year. They are an important group in horticulture, whether grown as individual plants or in the assembly of the herbaceous border.…

herbaceous plant, any vascular plant that does not have true woody tissues. Herbaceous angiosperms (flowering plants) include nearly all annual and biennial plants and a large number of perennial plants. Nonflowering herbaceous plants are limited to the ferns and lycophytes; all gymnosperms are

Zoroastrianism: Priesthood: …of the word, herbad or ervad, designates a priest of the lower degree, who in the more important ceremonies only acts as the assistant priest. Above him is the mobed. Ranked above all of these functionaries is the dastūr, a kind of bishop, who directs and administers one or more…

herbal, ancient manual facilitating the identification of plants for medicinal purposes. Hundreds of medicinal plants were known in India before the Christian era, and the Chinese have a compilation, still authoritative, of 1,892 ancient herbal remedies. The Greeks had written accounts, and,

Ayurveda: The practice of Ayurveda: Bodily exercises, the use of herbal preparations, and Yoga form a part of the remedial measures. The curative aspects of Ayurveda involve the use of herbal medicines, external preparations, physiotherapy, and diet. It is a principle of Ayurveda that the preventive and therapeutic measures be adapted to the personal requirements…

essential oil, highly volatile substance isolated by a physical process from an odoriferous plant of a single botanical species. The oil bears the name of the plant from which it is derived; for example, rose oil or peppermint oil. Such oils were called essential because they were thought to

Ayurveda: The practice of Ayurveda: Bodily exercises, the use of herbal preparations, and Yoga form a part of the remedial measures. The curative aspects of Ayurveda involve the use of herbal medicines, external preparations, physiotherapy, and diet. It is a principle of Ayurveda that the preventive and therapeutic measures be adapted to the personal requirements…

John Gerard: …English herbalist, author of The Herball, or generall historie of plantes (1597).

Agnes Arber: …most widely read work is Herbals, Their Origin and Evolution (1912), an account of herbals published between 1470 and 1670. Her studies in comparative anatomy include Water Plants: A Study of Aquatic Angiosperms (1920), Monocotyledons: A Morphological Study (1925), and The Gramineae: A Study of Cereal, Bamboo and Grass (1934).…

herbarium, collection of dried plant specimens mounted on sheets of paper. The plants are usually collected in situ (e.g., where they were growing in nature), identified by experts, pressed, and then carefully mounted to archival paper in such a way that all major morphological characteristics are

herbarium, collection of dried plant specimens mounted on sheets of paper. The plants are usually collected in situ (e.g., where they were growing in nature), identified by experts, pressed, and then carefully mounted to archival paper in such a way that all major morphological characteristics are

Melbourne: Recreation: The associated National Herbarium of Victoria, which houses a collection of 1,200,000 pressed plant specimens, is internationally recognized and used by scholars. The RBG also maintains a separate 200-acre (80-hectare) facility at Cranbourne, about 30 miles (48 km) southeast of central Melbourne.

Johann Friedrich Herbart was a German philosopher and educator, who led the renewed 19th-century interest in Realism and is considered among the founders of modern scientific pedagogy. After studying under Johann Gottlieb Fichte at Jena (1794), Herbart worked as a tutor at Interlaken, Switz., from

Herbartianism, pedagogical system of German educator Johann Friedrich Herbart (1776–1841). Herbart’s educational ideas, which applied particularly to the instruction of adolescents, had a profound influence on late 19th-century teaching practices, especially in the United States, where educators

biology: Advances in botany: …the two volumes of his Herbarum vivae eicones, a book about plants, which, with its fresh and vigorous illustrations, contrasted sharply with earlier texts, whose authors had been content merely to copy from old manuscripts. In addition to books on the same subject, Hieronymus Bock (Latinized to Tragus) and Leonhard…

Conrad Detrez: …is L’Herbe à brûler (1978; A Weed for Burning), in which he recounts with carnivalesque glee the fatal return of his disillusioned protagonist—who has wandered for years in South America—to a Europe sapped of its revolutionary zeal. Criticism of leftist intelligentsia continued to be a theme in Detrez’s later work.…

Murray Bookchin was an American anarchist, political philosopher, trade-union organizer, and educator best known for his organizing activities on behalf of labour unions and his vehement critiques of capitalism, globalization, and humanity’s treatment of the environment. Bookchin was the son of

Evelin Schlaak is an East German athlete who won an upset victory in the discus throw at the 1976 Olympic Games in Montreal. She went on to set world records in the discus and won a second Olympic gold medal at the 1980 Games in Moscow. Schlaak began throwing the discus at the age of 13, winning

nouvelle artificial intelligence: …nouvelle AI is Brooks’s robot Herbert (named after the AI pioneer Herbert Simon), whose environment is the busy offices of the MIT AI Laboratory. Herbert searches desks and tables for empty soda cans, which it picks up and carries away. The robot’s seemingly goal-directed behaviour emerges from the interaction of…

Charles III: …was soon taken prisoner by Herbert, count of Vermandois, who used him for his own gain against Rudolf, Robert’s son-in-law and the new king.

Uta Hagen: …Berghof Studio (known as the HB Studio) in New York City’s Greenwich Village; it became one of the city’s best performing arts schools. In 1948 Hagen starred as Blanche DuBois in the road company production of A Streetcar Named Desire and then took over the role on Broadway, and in…

Iowa: Cultural institutions: The Herbert Hoover Presidential Library and Museum is located in West Branch. A nonconventional attraction is the Bily Clocks Museum in Spillville, which displays a collection of antique hand-carved wooden clocks made by the Bily brothers. On the second floor of what is now this museum…

biblical literature: The medieval period: Herbert of Bosham (c. 1180) produced a commentary on Jerome’s Hebrew Psalter. Robert Grosseteste, bishop of Lincoln (died 1253), wrote commentaries on the days of creation and the Psalter that both drew on the Greek fathers and profited by his direct study of the Hebrew…

Edward Herbert, 1st Baron Herbert was an English courtier, soldier, diplomat, historian, metaphysical poet, and philosopher. He is also remembered as "the father of English Deism" and for his revealing Autobiography. Brother of the devotional poet George Herbert, he was educated at Oxford. From

Edward Somerset, 2nd marquess of Worcester was a prominent Royalist during the English Civil Wars. His father, Henry Somerset, 5th Earl of Worcester, advanced large sums of money to Charles I at the outbreak of the wars and was created Marquess of Worcester in 1643. In the following year, Edward

Banks Peninsula: …3,012 feet (918 m) at Herbert Peak. The peninsula was originally an island formed by two contiguous volcanic cones but was joined to the mainland by sediments of the Waimakariri River. It was visited (1770) by Captain James Cook, who named it after Sir Joseph Banks, and it was surveyed…

Herbert River, river in northeastern Queensland, Australia. The river rises in the Eastern Highlands, flows for 150 miles (240 km) southeast across the Atherton Plateau past Ingham, and enters the Coral Sea at Halifax Bay in the Hinchinbrook Channel. A relatively deep stream, the longest tributary

Frank Bidart: …a father-and-son relationship, and “Herbert White,” the lurid musings of a psychopathic pedophile; the latter was adapted as a short film by American actor and director James Franco. The Book of the Body (1977) features the dramatic monologues of an amputee and of a suicidal anorexic.

Xavier Herbert was an Australian novelist and short-story writer best known for his voluble novel Capricornia (1938), a comic chronicle about life in the Northern Territory of Australia and the inhumane treatment suffered by the Aborigines there at the hands of white men. The son of a railroad

Bob Herbert is an American journalist and commentator who was a liberal op-ed columnist for The New York Times (1993–2011). Herbert grew up in Montclair, New Jersey. He began his career in journalism in 1970 as a reporter for The Star-Ledger in Newark, New Jersey; three years later he became the

Edward Herbert, 1st Baron Herbert was an English courtier, soldier, diplomat, historian, metaphysical poet, and philosopher. He is also remembered as "the father of English Deism" and for his revealing Autobiography. Brother of the devotional poet George Herbert, he was educated at Oxford. From

Frank Herbert was an American science-fiction writer noted as the author of the best-selling Dune series of futuristic novels, a group of highly complex works that explore such themes as ecology, human evolution, the consequences of genetic manipulation, and mystical and psychic possibilities.

Frank Herbert was an American science-fiction writer noted as the author of the best-selling Dune series of futuristic novels, a group of highly complex works that explore such themes as ecology, human evolution, the consequences of genetic manipulation, and mystical and psychic possibilities.

George Herbert was an English religious poet, a major metaphysical poet, notable for the purity and effectiveness of his choice of words. A younger brother of Edward Herbert, 1st Baron Herbert of Cherbury, a notable secular metaphysical poet, George in 1610 sent his mother for New Year’s two

George Edward Stanhope Molyneux Herbert, 5th earl of Carnarvon was a British Egyptologist who was the patron and associate of archaeologist Howard Carter in the discovery of the tomb of King Tutankhamen. Carnarvon was educated at Eton and at Trinity College, Cambridge. He began excavations in

Henry Howard Molyneux Herbert, 4th earl of Carnarvon was a British statesman, a liberally inclined member of Conservative Party governments, who tried, with varying success, to establish federal self-government in British overseas possessions. He was educated at Eton and Christ Church, Oxford,

Highclere Castle: Henry Herbert, a descendant of Sawyer, inherited Highclere Castle in 1769 and was created 1st earl of Carnarvon in 1793. He brought in the noted landscape architect Lancelot Brown, who planted large numbers of trees and made other changes that gave the grounds a more…

Los Angeles Chargers: …draft, the Chargers selected quarterback Justin Herbert with the sixth overall pick. Over the next several seasons, the team steadily improved, and in 2022 the Chargers went 10–7 and qualified for the playoffs. However, Los Angeles lost in the wild card round. In the 2023 season the Chargers took a…

Mary Herbert, countess of Pembroke was a patron of the arts and scholarship, poet, and translator. She was the sister of Sir Philip Sidney, who dedicated to her his Arcadia. After his death she published it and completed his verse translation of the Psalms. In 1575 Queen Elizabeth I invited Mary to

Bob Herbert is an American journalist and commentator who was a liberal op-ed columnist for The New York Times (1993–2011). Herbert grew up in Montclair, New Jersey. He began his career in journalism in 1970 as a reporter for The Star-Ledger in Newark, New Jersey; three years later he became the

Florence Nightingale: Nursing in peace and war: Sidney Herbert, secretary of state at war for the British government, wrote to Nightingale requesting that she lead a group of nurses to Scutari. At the same time, Nightingale wrote to her friend Liz Herbert, Sidney’s wife, asking that she be allowed to lead a…

Sir A. P. Herbert was an English novelist, playwright, poet, and politician, author of more than 50 books, famous for his witty championing of minority causes. More importantly, as an independent member of Parliament for Oxford University (1935–50), he introduced the matrimonial causes bill

Sir A. P. Herbert was an English novelist, playwright, poet, and politician, author of more than 50 books, famous for his witty championing of minority causes. More importantly, as an independent member of Parliament for Oxford University (1935–50), he introduced the matrimonial causes bill

Master of the Revels: …point during the mastership of Sir Henry Herbert (1623–42), after which England’s theatres were closed during the Puritan interregnum. After the Restoration (1660), Herbert was reinstalled as master until his death in 1673, but the office was gradually stripped of its power. The Licensing Act of 1737 abolished it entirely,…

William Herbert, 1st earl of Pembroke was a leading figure in the reigns of Edward VI, Mary I, and Elizabeth I of England. His father, Sir Richard Herbert, was an illegitimate son of William, the 1st earl of Pembroke of the first creation. Sir William’s first wife, Anne Parr, was a sister of

Victor Herbert was an Irish-born American composer of operettas and light music. Herbert became active in Germany as a composer and cello virtuoso (studying with Max Seifritz and Bernhard Cossmann, respectively). In 1886 he went to the United States with his wife, Therese Förster, who became a

Xavier Herbert was an Australian novelist and short-story writer best known for his voluble novel Capricornia (1938), a comic chronicle about life in the Northern Territory of Australia and the inhumane treatment suffered by the Aborigines there at the hands of white men. The son of a railroad

Zbigniew Herbert was one of the leading Polish poets of the post-World War II generation. Herbert attended an underground high school during the wartime German occupation of Poland and also took secret military training courses with the Polish Home Army. After World War II he earned degrees in

geography: The development of academic geography in the United Kingdom: Andrew John Herbertson took over the department at the University of Oxford after Mackinder. He drew on European roots and emphasized regional study, using climatic and other parameters to define regions at the global scale; others developed the regional concept, using a wider range of…

Alain Resnais: …comedy Les Herbes folles (Wild Grasses) premiered at Cannes, and the film festival presented Resnais with a Lifetime Achievement Award. His final films, Vous n’avez encore rien vu (2012; You Ain’t Seen Nothin’ Yet) and Aimer, boire et chanter (2014; Life of Riley), were also praised by critics.

herbicide, an agent, usually chemical, for killing or inhibiting the growth of unwanted plants, such as residential or agricultural weeds and invasive species. A great advantage of chemical herbicides over mechanical weed control is the ease of application, which often saves on the cost of labor.

agricultural sciences: Emerging agricultural sciences: Herbicide-resistant crops (HRC) have been available since the mid-1980s; these crops enable fairly effective chemical control of weeds, since generally only the HRC plants can survive in fields treated with the corresponding herbicide, though some weed species have also gained resistance. Some food crops have…

star cluster: OB and T associations: …related variables, nonvariable stars, and Herbig-Haro objects—small nebulosities 10,000 astronomical units in diameter, each containing several starlike condensations in configurations similar to the Trapezium, Theta Orionis, in the sword of Orion. These objects are considered to be star groups at the very beginning of life.

Abstraction-Création: Georges Vantongerloo, Jean Hélion, and Auguste Herbin worked together to form a similar association, and by 1931 they managed to attract over 40 members to a group they called Abstraction-Création. That same year an annual periodical published by Hélion and Herbin, Abstraction-Création, debuted and took over the Cercle et Carré’s…

herbivore, animal adapted to subsist solely on plant tissues. The herbivores range from insects (such as aphids) to large mammals (such as

herbivore, animal adapted to subsist solely on plant tissues. The herbivores range from insects (such as aphids) to large mammals (such as

Herblock was an American editorial cartoonist who won Pulitzer Prizes in 1942, 1954, and 1979. Herblock’s first cartoons appeared in the Chicago Daily News in 1929. He worked for the Newspaper Enterprise Association (NEA) from 1933 to 1943 and joined The Washington Post in 1946. A leading cartoon

Jean-Marie Collot d’Herbois was a radical democrat and member of the Committee of Public Safety that ruled revolutionary France during the period of the Jacobin dictatorship (1793–94). The son of a Parisian goldsmith, Collot d’Herbois became a professional actor and a writer of comedies. In 1787 he

metalogic: Discoveries about formal mathematical systems: …that had been offered by Jacques Herbrand, a French mathematician, and introduced a general concept of recursive functions—i.e., of functions mechanically computable by a finite series of purely combinatorial steps. In 1936 Alonzo Church, a mathematical logician, Alan Mathison Turing, originator of a theory of computability, and Emil L. Post,…

Anton Wildgans: …among which was the collection Herbstfrühling (1909; “Autumn-Spring”), sold well; they recall the themes of idealism and reality in the late romantic works of Hugo von Hofmannsthal. Wildgans’ plays, such as the trilogy Armut (1914; “Poverty”), Liebe (1916; “Love”), and Dies irae (1918), begin in a realistic world that becomes…

Willibald Alexis: …in travel books, among them Herbstreise durch Skandinavien (1828; “Autumn Journey Through Scandinavia”).

Bosnia and Herzegovina: Ancient and medieval periods: …and giving himself the title herceg (duke), from which the name Herzegovina is derived. Ottoman forces captured an important part of central Bosnia in 1448, centred on the settlement of Vrhbosna, which they developed into the city of Sarajevo. In 1463 they conquered most of the rest of Bosnia proper,…

Gulf of Kotor: …to the gulf system is Hercegnovi, founded in 1382 and occupied at various times by Turks, Spaniards, Venetians, Russians, French, and Austrians. East of Hercegnovi is Savina Monastery, dating from 1030, which contains historic treasures. In the Middle Ages a “Boka Navy” was created with ships from the town of…

Bosnia and Herzegovina, country situated in the western Balkan Peninsula of Europe. The larger region of Bosnia occupies the northern and central parts of the country, and Herzegovina occupies the south and southwest. These historical regions do not correspond with the two autonomous political

breast cancer: Treatment: Herceptin is a manufactured antibody that binds to growth factor receptors on the surface of cancer cells and thereby blocks cell proliferation. Letrozole is used to inhibit the synthesis of estrogen in postmenopausal women who have hormone-dependent breast cancers.

David Barnard Steinman: …United States in constructing the Florianópolis Bridge in Brazil, the beginning of a long partnership. That bridge, then the largest in South America, incorporated a new type of stiffening truss and new cable construction.

calligraphy: Writing manuals and copybooks (16th to 18th century): …Sorts of Cursive Chancery”) by Giuliantonio Hercolani. This copybook is less ornate than Perret’s, but it clearly shows how metal engraving can reproduce the subtleties of any writing style done with a broad-edged pen.

Herculaneum, ancient city of 4,000–5,000 inhabitants in Campania, Italy. It lay 5 miles (8 km) southeast of Naples, at the western base of Mount Vesuvius, and was destroyed—together with Pompeii, Torre Annunziata, and Stabiae—by the eruption of Vesuvius in 79 ce. The town of Ercolano (pop. [2021

Alexandre Herculano was a historian, novelist, and poet, one of the writers who is credited with introducing Romanticism to Portugal. As a historian, he was a leader of liberal opinion, enjoying a national prestige comparable to that of Victor Hugo in France. As a young man Herculano took part in

Alexandre Herculano was a historian, novelist, and poet, one of the writers who is credited with introducing Romanticism to Portugal. As a historian, he was a leader of liberal opinion, enjoying a national prestige comparable to that of Victor Hugo in France. As a young man Herculano took part in

Alan Menken: …Zippel on the score for Hercules (1997) and again with Schwartz on the music for Enchanted (2007). Other films for which he contributed scores included Tangled (2010; with lyricist Glenn Slater), Mirror Mirror (2012; Menken wrote lyrics for all but one song), and live-action remakes of Beauty and the Beast…

Georg Stiernhielm: …is the allegorical, didactic epic, Hercules (written about 1647; published 1658), a fine example of late Renaissance classicism. It is a sermon on virtue and honour and is imbued with the spirit of humanism. The theme is developed with power and originality; the imagery is exuberant; the construction, faultless. It…