Jarīr was one of the greatest Arab poets of the Umayyad period, whose career and poetry show the continued vitality of the pre-Islamic Bedouin tradition. Jarīr’s special skill lay in poems insulting personal rivals or the enemies of his patrons. After sharp verbal clashes in Arabia in defense of

Jarīr was one of the greatest Arab poets of the Umayyad period, whose career and poetry show the continued vitality of the pre-Islamic Bedouin tradition. Jarīr’s special skill lay in poems insulting personal rivals or the enemies of his patrons. After sharp verbal clashes in Arabia in defense of

count, European title of nobility, equivalent to a British earl, ranking in modern times after a marquess or, in countries without marquesses, a duke. The Roman comes was originally a household companion of the emperor, while under the Franks he was a local commander and judge. The counts were

dairy product: Varieties of cheese: Another combination cheese is Norwegian Jarlsberg. This cheese results from a marriage of the cultures and manufacturing procedures for Dutch Gouda and Swiss Emmentaler.

Art Ensemble of Chicago: …were joined by composer-woodwind player Joseph Jarman (b. September 14, 1937, Pine Bluff, Arkansas, U.S.—d. January 9, 2019, Englewood, New Jersey, U.S.), who became a permanent member of the Art Ensemble in 1968, turning it into a cooperative quartet. Their international fame began in 1969–71, when they recorded and toured…

animal behaviour: Adaptive design: Australian zoologist Peter Jarman was one of the first to use the comparative method to study the diversity of mating systems, specifically among various species of African antelope. In some species, such as the dik-dik (Madoqua), individuals are solitary and cryptic; however, during mating season, they form…

Meron: Mount Meron (3,963 feet [1,208 metres]), Israel’s highest point in its pre-1967 boundaries, is 2 miles (3 km) northwest.

Pomorskie: Geography: …music in Sopot and the Dominican Fair (Jarmark Dominikanski), the longest-running event in Gdańsk, which dates to 1260. Notable museums include the National Museum and the Maritime Museum in Gdańsk, the Museum of Middle Pomerania in Słupsk, and the Fishing Museum in Hel.

Jarmo, prehistoric archaeological site located east of Kirkūk, in northeastern Iraq. The site is important for revealing traces of one of the world’s first village-farming communities. The approximately dozen layers of architectural building and renovation yield evidence of domesticated wheat and

Jim Jarmusch is an American director and screenwriter whose darkly humorous tone and transcendence of genre conventions established him as a major independent filmmaker. Jarmusch studied at Columbia University and at New York University Film School, where he directed his first feature-length film,

Henry IV: Prince of Béarn.: …were surprised and defeated near Jarnac on March 13, 1569, by the Duke d’Anjou, the future Henry III, and Condé was killed. Jeanne d’Albret took Henry to the new leader of the Protestant forces, Gaspard de Coligny, who gave the young prince his military education. Henry distinguished himself at the…

Philipp Jarnach was a German composer who was a follower of the pianist-composer Ferruccio Busoni. The son of a noted Spanish sculptor, Jarnach studied piano under Edouard Risler and harmony under Albert Lavignac in Paris. In 1915 at Zürich he met Busoni, whose operas Arlecchino and Turandot he

Jarndyce family, family of principal characters of the novel Bleak House (1852–53) by Charles Dickens. The dreary, seemingly endless Jarndyce v. Jarndyce lawsuit contesting a will provides the background for the

Armas Järnefelt was a composer and conductor who introduced Richard Wagner’s operas into Finland and who is known for his works for small orchestra. Järnefelt studied under the composer Ferruccio Busoni at Helsinki and Jules Massenet at Paris. He conducted at Viipuri (1893–1903), and as director of

Armas Järnefelt was a composer and conductor who introduced Richard Wagner’s operas into Finland and who is known for his works for small orchestra. Järnefelt studied under the composer Ferruccio Busoni at Helsinki and Jules Massenet at Paris. He conducted at Viipuri (1893–1903), and as director of

Finnish literature: Literature in Finnish: …the lyrical nature novel, and Arvid Järnefelt. Rautatie (1884; “The Railroad”), Aho’s first novel, is generally regarded as the most important work of fiction after Kivi. Järnefelt attracted attention with Isänmaa (1893; “The Fatherland”), a novel of student life. In Vanhempieni romaani (1928–30; “The Novel of My Parents”), he produced…

Benjamín Jarnés was a Spanish novelist and biographer. In 1910 Jarnés joined the army and began studies at the Zaragoza Normal School. In 1920 he resigned from the army and settled in Madrid. His first novel was Mosén Pedro (1924), but his reputation was established by his second, El profesor

Benjamín Jarnés was a Spanish novelist and biographer. In 1910 Jarnés joined the army and began studies at the Zaragoza Normal School. In 1920 he resigned from the army and settled in Madrid. His first novel was Mosén Pedro (1924), but his reputation was established by his second, El profesor

Sara Lidman: …sten (1981; Naboth’s Stone), and Järnkronan (1985; “The Iron Crown”)—she recreated a world of preindustrial history, dialects, and biblical imagination, of physical hardship and provincial sentiments depicted with narrative passion and lyrical sensitivity. Set in the far north of Sweden, these works describe the introduction of the railroad in the…

Discover: …suggestion of the American journalist Leon Jaroff, who became the magazine’s first managing editor. Discover is published in New York City.

eucalyptus: Major species and uses: leucoxylon); jarrah (E. marginata); messmate stringybark (E. obliqua); red mahogany (E. resinifera); northern gray ironbark; and others. The bark of many species is used in papermaking and tanning.

Devereux Jarratt was an American Anglican clergyman and preacher who emulated the Methodism of John Wesley and initiated a religious revival throughout North Carolina and southern Virginia. Jarratt received little formal education but was fond of reading and eventually became a tutor. In 1762 he

Al Jarreau was an American singer and songwriter who sang with almost acrobatic versatility and inventiveness, ranging from tenor crooning to scatting. His music contained influences of jazz, rhythm and blues, soul, and gospel without belonging precisely in any of those genres. Jarreau won seven

Al Jarreau was an American singer and songwriter who sang with almost acrobatic versatility and inventiveness, ranging from tenor crooning to scatting. His music contained influences of jazz, rhythm and blues, soul, and gospel without belonging precisely in any of those genres. Jarreau won seven

Randall Jarrell was an American poet, novelist, and critic who is noted for revitalizing the reputations of Robert Frost, Walt Whitman, and William Carlos Williams in the 1950s. Childhood was one of the major themes of Jarrell’s verse, and he wrote about his own extensively in The Lost World

Plain of Jars, dissected inner region of the Xiangkhoang Plateau in north-central Laos. Drained principally by the Ngum River, a southward-flowing tributary of the Mekong River, the plain is characterized by narrow river valleys and limestone and sandstone hills ranging from 3,000 to 3,600 feet

Keith Jarrett is an American jazz pianist, composer, and saxophonist considered to be one of the most original and prolific jazz musicians to emerge during the late 20th century. He is also a noted classical pianist. A child prodigy, Jarrett began studying the piano at age three and performed his

Ned Jarrett is an American stock-car driver who won two National Association for Stock Car Auto Racing (NASCAR) championships (1961 and 1965). According to legend, Jarrett first began driving cars at age nine, when his father would allow him to drive the family car to church on Sunday mornings. He

Valerie Jarrett is an American lawyer, businesswoman, and politician who was a senior adviser (2009–17) to U.S. Pres. Barack Obama. Bowman was born in Iran and spent much of her childhood traveling abroad, as her father was a physician who assisted developing countries in establishing health care

Jarrow, North Sea port town and urban area (from 2011 built-up area), South Tyneside metropolitan borough, metropolitan county of Tyne and Wear, historic county of Durham, northeastern England. It lies along the south bank of the River Tyne. Jarrow’s St. Paul’s Church (dedicated 685 ce) is situated

Alfred Jarry was a French writer mainly known as the creator of the grotesque and wild satirical farce Ubu roi (1896; “King Ubu”), which was a forerunner of the Theatre of the Absurd. A brilliant youth who had come to Paris at 18 to live on a small family inheritance, Jarry frequented the literary

Plain of Jars, dissected inner region of the Xiangkhoang Plateau in north-central Laos. Drained principally by the Ngum River, a southward-flowing tributary of the Mekong River, the plain is characterized by narrow river valleys and limestone and sandstone hills ranging from 3,000 to 3,600 feet

Hans Järta was a Swedish political activist, administrator, and publicist who was a leader of the 1809 coup d’état that overthrew Gustav IV, king of Sweden. He was the main author of Sweden’s constitution (1809). In the 1790s Hans Hierta began his career as a publicist and a left-wing member of the

Wojciech Witold Jaruzelski was a Polish army general and political leader who served as premier (1981–85), chairman of the Council of State (1985–89), and president (1989–90) during the final years of communist rule in Poland, but he eventually oversaw the country’s move to a market economy and a

pressed glass: In 1827 Deming Jarves of the Boston and Sandwich Glass Company at Sandwich, Mass., began producing glassware decorated with “lacy” patterns, extremely intricate combinations of dots, circles, diamonds, leaves, and garlands that covered the entire surface of glass articles. These lacy patterns were unique to the new…

Orchestre de la Suisse Romande: … (2002–05), Marek Janowski (2005–12), and Neeme Järvi (2012–15). Jonathan Nott came to the podium as music and artistic director in 2017.

Cincinnati Symphony Orchestra: …Gielen (1980–86), Jesús López-Cobos (1986–2001), Paavo Järvi (2001–11), and Louis Langrée (2013– ). Resident conductors have included Erich Kunzel (1969–70) and Carmon DeLeone (1977–78). Walter Susskind was music adviser from 1978 to 1980. Under Reiner’s tenure, with its emphasis on the central European repertoire, the orchestra achieved an international reputation…

artificial heart: Mechanical hearts: …device, designed by American physician Robert K. Jarvik, was surgically implanted into a patient by American surgeon William C. DeVries in 1982. The aluminum and plastic device, called the Jarvik-7 for its inventor, replaced the patient’s two ventricles. Two rubber diaphragms, designed to mimic the pumping action of the natural…

artificial heart: Mechanical hearts: …and plastic device, called the Jarvik-7 for its inventor, replaced the patient’s two ventricles. Two rubber diaphragms, designed to mimic the pumping action of the natural heart, were kept beating by an external compressor that was connected to the implant by hoses. This first recipient survived 112 days and died…

athletics: The javelin throw: Matti Järvinen, a Finn, established 10 world records and improved the record by 6.22 meters, finally reaching 77.23 meters (253 feet 4.5 inches) in 1936. As records continued to be broken, there was less and less space within the stadium to throw the javelin safely.…

Jarvis Island, coral atoll, unincorporated territory of the United States in the Northern Line Islands, west-central Pacific Ocean, about 1,000 miles (1,600 km) southwest of Honolulu. The atoll has an area of 1.6 square miles (4.1 square km). It was sighted in 1821 by Capt. Brown of the British

Anna Jarvis was an American social activist who is generally recognized as the founder of the legal holiday known as Mother’s Day in the United States and in many other countries. Jarvis also headed the Mother’s Day International Association, which she incorporated in 1912 to guide the annual

Charles Jervas was an Irish portrait painter who lived most of his adult life in England. He also produced a translation of Miguel de Cervantes’s Don Quixote (published posthumously, with his surname spelled Jarvis, in 1742). Moving to England in his teens, Jervas became an apprentice to the

Challenger disaster: …McNair, and Hughes Aircraft engineer Gregory Jarvis.

John Wesley Jarvis was an American painter considered his era’s leading portraitist based in New York City. Growing up in Philadelphia, where he gained some knowledge of art from sign makers, Jarvis was apprenticed in 1800 to Edward Savage, a New York engraver and painter. Later, in partnership

Jari River, river, northern Brazil, rising on the southern slopes of the Tumuc-Humac Mountains and flowing in a generally southeasterly direction for about 350 miles (560 km) to join the Amazon River at Bôca do Jari, opposite Grande de Gurupá Island. The Jari forms the border between Pará and Amapá

Book of Jashar, ancient Israelite collection of poems quoted in various books of the Old Testament. Of uncertain etymology, Jashar may mean “victorious” or “upright.” The victory hymn that describes how the Sun and Moon stood still when the Israelites defeated the Amorites (Josh. 10:12–13) is

Jessore, city, southwestern Bangladesh. It is situated on the Bhairab River, a distributary stream of the vast Padma (Ganges [Ganga])–Jamuna (Brahmaputra) delta. According to tradition, its name is a corruption of yashohara (“glory depriving”), as the town is said to have robbed Vikramaditya’s

Jashpur Pats, physiographic region of eastern Chhattisgarh state, central India, extending over Jashpur Tahsil and forming part of the Chota Nagpur plateau area. The pats are a complex of small flat-topped plateaus and hills, separated from each other by fault scarps and river valleys. To the north

Kitahara Hakushū: His first collection of poems, Jashūmon (1909; “Heretics”), which depicted the Christian missionaries in 16th-century Japan, won him much praise for the exotic and sensuous beauty of his writing. In 1911 the collection of his lyric poems, Omoide (“Recollections”), was published and also received great praise. Kitahara introduced a new…

Polish literature: New trends in poetry and drama: …stayed in Poland, many, including Paweł Jasienica and Stefan Kisielewski, were temporarily blacklisted for their political views. Jasienica published a series of historical studies emphasizing Poland’s liberal traditions, while Kisielewski used his magazine column to strongly criticize the political system. In the 1970s and early 1980s, social tensions, political upheavals,…

sheep’s bit, (Jasione montana), annual to biennial herb of the bellflower family (Campanulaceae), bearing clustered heads of blue flowers. The plants grow scattered in sandy or acid fields or meadows, and they also grow on cliffsides. Sheep’s bit is native to Europe and has been introduced into

sheep’s bit: A closely related perennial species, J. perennis, has flower heads that are 5 cm (2 inches) across and also has broader leaves. It is limited to southern Europe.

Jacques Jasmin was a French dialect poet who achieved popular fame for his touching verse portraits of humble people and places. His father was a poor tailor, and Jasmin himself spent most of his life as a barber and wigmaker in his native part of southern France. His first collection of poems,

jasmine, (genus Jasminum), genus of about 200 species of fragrant-flowered shrubs and vines of the olive family (Oleaceae). The plants are native to tropical and to some temperate areas of the Old World. Several are cultivated as ornamentals. Most true jasmines have climbing branches without

Jasmine Revolution, popular uprising in Tunisia that protested against corruption, poverty, and political repression and forced Pres. Zine al-Abidine Ben Ali to step down in January 2011. The success of the uprising, which came to be known in the media as the “Jasmine Revolution,” inspired a wave

jasmine, (genus Jasminum), genus of about 200 species of fragrant-flowered shrubs and vines of the olive family (Oleaceae). The plants are native to tropical and to some temperate areas of the Old World. Several are cultivated as ornamentals. Most true jasmines have climbing branches without

jasmine: Major species: Italian jasmine (J. humile), a vinelike shrub with yellow flowers, has many cultivated varieties. The fragrant dried flowers of Arabian jasmine (J. sambac) are used to make jasmine tea.

jasmine: Major species: Japanese, or primrose, jasmine (J. mesnyi) is a similar plant with larger flowers that bloom during the winter. Italian jasmine (J. humile), a vinelike shrub with yellow flowers, has many cultivated varieties. The fragrant dried flowers of Arabian jasmine (J. sambac) are used to make jasmine tea.

jasmine: Major species: Winter jasmine (J. nudiflorum), a Chinese species with solitary yellow flowers, is used as a cover plant on hillsides. Japanese, or primrose, jasmine (J. mesnyi) is a similar plant with larger flowers that bloom during the winter. Italian jasmine (J. humile), a vinelike shrub with…

jasmine: Major species: Common jasmine, or poet’s jasmine (Jasminum officinale), native to Iran, produces fragrant white flowers that are the source of attar of jasmine used in perfumery. It is widely cultivated for its shining leaves and clusters of flowers that bloom in summer. Winter jasmine (J. nudiflorum),…

Oleaceae: The flowers of Jasminum sambac are used for making necklaces, or leis, in Hawaii. Lilacs, jasmines, and Osmanthus are especially noted for their sweetly fragrant flowers. Osmanthus and a few species of jasmines are prized in China and Japan, where their dried flowers are used to scent certain…

prostaglandin: Biological activities of prostaglandins: …in structure to prostaglandins, including jasmonic acid (jasmonate), which regulates processes such as plant reproduction, fruit ripening, and flowering. Prostaglandins are very potent; for example, in humans some affect blood pressure at concentrations as low as 0.1 microgram per kilogram of body weight.

prostaglandin: Biological activities of prostaglandins: …in structure to prostaglandins, including jasmonic acid (jasmonate), which regulates processes such as plant reproduction, fruit ripening, and flowering. Prostaglandins are very potent; for example, in humans some affect blood pressure at concentrations as low as 0.1 microgram per kilogram of body weight.

Częstochowa: …in the 13th century, and Jasna Góra (Polish: “Shining Mountain”), founded in the 14th—which were merged in 1826. Roman Catholic pilgrimages are made to the Jasna Góra monastery (1382), which contains valuable frescoes and the famous painting The Black Madonna (also known as Our Lady of Częstochowa). The monastery was…

Jason, in Greek mythology, leader of the Argonauts and son of Aeson, king of Iolcos in Thessaly. His father’s half-brother Pelias seized Iolcos, and thus for safety Jason was sent away to the Centaur Chiron. Returning as a young man, Jason was promised his inheritance if he fetched the Golden

Walter Munk: …he became a member of JASON, a panel of scientists who advised the U.S. government.

Jason was a Hellenistic Jewish high priest (175–172 bce) in Jerusalem under the Seleucid king Antiochus IV Epiphanes. By promising greater tribute to Antiochus, he obtained the high priesthood and, scorning the traditional Jewish monotheism of the Pharasaic party, promoted Greek culture and

Jason and the Argonauts, American fantasy film, released in 1963, that loosely retells the Greek myth of Jason and features some of the most notable special effects devised by stop-motion animator Ray Harryhausen. Pelias (played by Douglas Wilmer) murders Aristo, his half-brother, to become king of

Tommy Lee Jones: Jones joined the cast of Jason Bourne (2016), an installment of the action franchise starring Matt Damon as the titular rogue agent, as a CIA director. The next year he turned to comedy in Just Getting Started, in which he played an ex-FBI agent who teams up with his rival…

Alice Cooper: …movies, notably “He’s Back” for Jason Lives: Friday the 13th Part VI (1986). Cooper continued touring, frequently with other heavy metal bands.

Judaism: Egyptian Jewish literature: On the other hand, Jason of Cyrene (c. 100 bce) wrote a history, of which 2 Maccabees is a summary, glorifying the Temple and violently attacking the Jewish Hellenizers, but his manner of writing history is typically Hellenistic. In addition, 3 Maccabees (1st century bce) is a work of…

Henri Jaspar was a Belgian statesman and one of his country’s chief negotiators in the peace conferences following World War I. As prime minister (1926–31), he resolved a serious financial crisis at the outset of his ministry. Jaspar entered politics in the Catholic Party, was appointed minister

Jasper, city, seat (1824) of Walker county, northwestern Alabama, U.S., about 40 miles (65 km) northwest of Birmingham. Settled in 1815, it was named for Sergeant William Jasper, a defender of Fort Moultrie (then Fort Sullivan) during the American Revolution. It developed after the arrival of the

Jasper, unincorporated community, western Alberta, Canada. It lies at the confluence of the Athabasca and Miette rivers, within the boundaries of Jasper National Park. The park was designated part of UNESCO’s Canadian Rocky Mountain Parks World Heritage site in 1984. The community and park take

Jasper, county, southern South Carolina, U.S. It is bounded to the west by the Savannah River border with Georgia. The county’s short southern coast along the Atlantic Ocean includes a portion of the Sea Islands and, at the southern tip, Tybee National Wildlife Refuge. Jasper county consists of

jasper, opaque, fine-grained or dense variety of the silica mineral chert that exhibits various colours. Chiefly brick red to brownish red, it owes its colour to admixed hematite; but when it occurs with clay admixed, the colour is a yellowish white or gray, or with goethite a brown or yellow.

Jasper National Park, national park in western Alberta, Canada, located on the eastern flank of the Rocky Mountains, north of Banff National Park. Jasper spans 4,200 square miles (10,878 square km) and contains significant active geologic processes, scenic mountains, and diverse animal and plant

Jasper Tudor, duke of Bedford was the leader of the Lancastrians in Wales, uncle and guardian of Henry, earl of Richmond, afterward Henry VII of England. The second son of Owen Tudor, founder of the family’s fortunes, he was knighted in 1449 and created earl of Pembroke about 1452. Between 1456 and

Frank Stella: …Carbon Fiber Star [2016] and Jasper’s Split Star [2017]), but others were attached to another sculpture (Inflated Star and Wooden Star [2014]). In 2015 the Whitney Museum of American Art celebrated his long career with a major retrospective covering 60 years of his work.

the Isley Brothers: The Isleys began their own record company, T-Neck Records, in 1964, shortly thereafter recruiting budding guitarist Jimi Hendrix for their band. They abandoned T-Neck and signed with Motown in 1965. The group had a…

Karl Jaspers was a German philosopher, one of the most important Existentialists in Germany, who approached the subject from man’s direct concern with his own existence. In his later work, as a reaction to the disruptions of Nazi rule in Germany and World War II, he searched for a new unity of

Karl Jaspers was a German philosopher, one of the most important Existentialists in Germany, who approached the subject from man’s direct concern with his own existence. In his later work, as a reaction to the disruptions of Nazi rule in Germany and World War II, he searched for a new unity of

jasperware, type of fine-grained, unglazed stoneware introduced by the English potter Josiah Wedgwood in 1775 as the result of a long series of experiments aimed at discovering the techniques of porcelain manufacture. Its name derives from the fact that it resembles the natural stone jasper in its

India: From Banda Singh Bahadur to Ranjit Singh: …the Sikh warrior-leaders, such as Jassa Singh Ahluwalia, later the founder of the kingdom of Kapurthala. The mushrooming of pockets under the authority of Sikh leaders was thus a feature of the two decades preceding Durrānī’s invasion of the Punjab and took place not merely in the eastern Punjab but…

History of film: Pre-World War I European cinema: …crime film was pioneered by Victorin Jasset in the Nick Carter series, produced for the small Éclair Company, but it remained for Gaumont’s Louis Feuillade to bring the genre to aesthetic perfection in the extremely successful serials Fantômas (1913–14), Les Vampires (1915–16), and Judex (1916).

Iași, city, northeastern Romania. It is situated on the Bahlui River near its confluence with the Prut River in the Moldavian plain, 8 miles (13 km) west of the border with Moldova and 200 miles (320 km) northeast of Bucharest. There were recognizable settlements at the site in the 7th century. The

leafhopper, any of the small, slender, often beautifully coloured and marked sap-sucking insects of the large family Cicadellidae (Jassidae) of the order Homoptera. They are found on almost all types of plants; however, individual species are host-specific. Although a single leafhopper does no

Iași, city, northeastern Romania. It is situated on the Bahlui River near its confluence with the Prut River in the Moldavian plain, 8 miles (13 km) west of the border with Moldova and 200 miles (320 km) northeast of Bucharest. There were recognizable settlements at the site in the 7th century. The

Treaty of Jassy, (Jan. 9, 1792), pact signed at Jassy in Moldavia (modern Iaşi, Romania), at the conclusion of the Russo-Turkish War of 1787–92; it confirmed Russian dominance in the Black Sea. The Russian empress Catherine II the Great had entered the war envisioning a partition of the Ottoman

Mieczysław Jastrun was a Polish lyric poet and essayist whose work represents a constant quest for new poetic forms of expression. Jastrun received his doctorate in Polish literature at the Jagiellonian University of Kraków. The dozen volumes of poems that he published between the two world wars

Jastrzębie Zdrój, city, Śląskie województwo (province), southern Poland. Joined by the cities of Racibórz and Rybnik, Jastrzębie Zdrój forms a secondary industrial zone within the Upper Silesian area that borders the Czech industrial region of Ostrava. Jastrzębie Zdrój became popular in the 1860s

lobster: Jasus lalandei, the commercially important South African rock lobster, occurs in waters around South Africa.

India: The government of Lord Wellesley: The chiefs Holkar and Dawlat Rao Sindhia contended for power over the peshwa, Baj Rao II. On Holkar’s success in 1802, Baji Rao fled to Bassein and applied for British aid. Such an opportunity at the center of Maratha power was not to be missed; there was…

Jodhpur: The contemporary city: …hotel, and the white marble Jaswant Thada, a memorial to the 19th-century ruler Jaswant Singh II.

Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok, megye (county), east-central Hungary. It is bounded by the counties of Heves and Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén to the north, Hajdú-Bihar and Békés to the east, Csongrád to the south, Bács-Kiskun to the southwest, and Pest to the west. The county seat is Szolnok, and the principal

Mari Jászai was a Hungarian actress, one of the greatest Hungarian tragediennes. Jászai’s rise to the top of her profession from a background of poverty was the result of enormous strength of will and an exceptional sense of vocation. She started her career as a chorus singer with small companies,

Mari Jászai was a Hungarian actress, one of the greatest Hungarian tragediennes. Jászai’s rise to the top of her profession from a background of poverty was the result of enormous strength of will and an exceptional sense of vocation. She started her career as a chorus singer with small companies,

Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok: …and the principal cities are Jászberény, Mezőtúr, Karcag, and Törökszentmiklós.

Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok: …the Zagyva River crosses the Jászság, a marginal depression of the Alfold, which extends into Pest county and produces vegetables, fruit, and poultry for the Budapest market. East of the Tisza is the Nagykunság, a loess plain covered with a high-grade chernozem (black) soil. It is mostly farmland, with high…