Juazeiro do Norte, city, southern Ceará estado (state), northeastern Brazil. It lies in the interior uplands, at the foot of the 2,953-foot (900-metre) Chapada do Araripe. Juazeiro do Norte and the nearby city of Crato (about 20 miles [32 km] west) are among the main urban centres of northeastern

Juba, town, capital of South Sudan. It is a river port on the west bank of the Baḥr Al-Jabal (Mountain Nile), about 87 miles (140 km) south of Bor. Juba is a commercial centre for agricultural products produced in the surrounding area. It is a southern terminus for river traffic in South Sudan, and

juba, dance of Afro-American slaves, found as late as the 19th century from Dutch Guiana to the Caribbean and the southern United States. It was danced by a circle of men around two men who performed various steps (e.g., the juba, the long dog scratch, the pigeon wing) in response to a rhythmic

Juba I was the king of Numidia who sided with the followers of Pompey and the Roman Senate in their war against Julius Caesar in North Africa (49–45 bc). Succeeding his father, Hiempsal II, sometime between 63 and 50, Juba became bitterly hostile toward Caesar because of a personal insult (probably

Juba I was the king of Numidia who sided with the followers of Pompey and the Roman Senate in their war against Julius Caesar in North Africa (49–45 bc). Succeeding his father, Hiempsal II, sometime between 63 and 50, Juba became bitterly hostile toward Caesar because of a personal insult (probably

Juba II was the son of Juba I and king of the North African states of Numidia (29–25 bc) and Mauretania (25 bc–ad 24). Juba also was a prolific writer in Greek on a variety of subjects, including history, geography, grammar, and the theatre. As a child of about five Juba was paraded in Rome in

Jubba River, principal river of Somalia in northeastern Africa. Originating via its headwater streams in the Mendebo Mountains of southern Ethiopia, it flows about 545 miles (875 km) from Doolow on the Ethiopian frontier to the Indian Ocean just north of Kismaayo, one of Somalia’s three main ports.

Master Juba was known as the “father of tap dance” and the first African American to get top billing over a white performer in a minstrel show. He invented new techniques of creating rhythm by combining elements of African American vernacular dance, Irish jigs, and clogging. William Henry Lane was

palm: Economic importance: …and the coquito palm (Jubaea) in America. The sago palm and, to a lesser extent, the sugar palm and the gebang palm are sources of starch obtained from the pith. The fruit of the date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) is a staple in parts of Asia Minor, the Arabian Peninsula,…

Jubail, port city, eastern Saudi Arabia, situated on the Persian Gulf north of Dhahran, near the King Abdulaziz Naval Base. In the early 1970s the Saudi government chose Jubail, an ancient fishing and pearling village, to be the site of a major industrial complex. Its location on the Persian Gulf

Jubail, port city, eastern Saudi Arabia, situated on the Persian Gulf north of Dhahran, near the King Abdulaziz Naval Base. In the early 1970s the Saudi government chose Jubail, an ancient fishing and pearling village, to be the site of a major industrial complex. Its location on the Persian Gulf

Jubail, port city, eastern Saudi Arabia, situated on the Persian Gulf north of Dhahran, near the King Abdulaziz Naval Base. In the early 1970s the Saudi government chose Jubail, an ancient fishing and pearling village, to be the site of a major industrial complex. Its location on the Persian Gulf

Byblos, ancient seaport, the site of which is located on the coast of the Mediterranean Sea about 20 miles (30 km) north of the modern city of Beirut, Lebanon. It is one of the oldest continuously inhabited towns in the world. The name Byblos is Greek; papyrus received its early Greek name (byblos,

Jubail, port city, eastern Saudi Arabia, situated on the Persian Gulf north of Dhahran, near the King Abdulaziz Naval Base. In the early 1970s the Saudi government chose Jubail, an ancient fishing and pearling village, to be the site of a major industrial complex. Its location on the Persian Gulf

Jubba River, principal river of Somalia in northeastern Africa. Originating via its headwater streams in the Mendebo Mountains of southern Ethiopia, it flows about 545 miles (875 km) from Doolow on the Ethiopian frontier to the Indian Ocean just north of Kismaayo, one of Somalia’s three main ports.

dress: The Middle East from the 6th century: …the Arab world is the jellaba, known as the jellabah in Tunisia, a jubbeh in Syria, a gallibiya in Egypt, or a dishdasha in Algeria. The garment generally has wide, long sleeves, and the long skirt may be slit up the sides; some styles are open in front like a…

dress: The Middle East from the 6th century: …the Arab world is the jellaba, known as the jellabah in Tunisia, a jubbeh in Syria, a gallibiya in Egypt, or a dishdasha in Algeria. The garment generally has wide, long sleeves, and the long skirt may be slit up the sides; some styles are open in front like a…

Jabalpur, city, central Madhya Pradesh state, central India. Jabalpur lies just north of the Narmada River in a rocky basin surrounded by low hills that are dotted with lakes and temples. On one of the hills stands the Madan Mahal, an old Gond castle built about 1100 ce by King Madan Singh. Garha,

jube, (from the French jubé), construction marking off the chancel, or sanctuary, of a church from the rest of the interior. Its mature medieval form consisted of three basic elements: a screen (known in England as a rood screen); a gallery, or loft, from which the words Jube, Domine, benedicere

Etterbeek: …is the site of the Cinquantenaire Park (Jubelpark), designed to celebrate Belgium’s 50th year of independence in 1880—though the park’s dramatic centrepiece, the Triumphal Arch, was not completed until 1905. The park also houses several important museums. Pop. (2007 est.) mun., 42,342.

Ike Taiga: …to work on illustrations for Jūben jūgichō (1771; “Ten Advantages and Ten Pleasures”), albums based on the poems of Li Liweng of the early Qing dynasty (1644–1911/12). Ike did the illustrations for the 10 advantages, while Buson did the 10 pleasures. Ike taught his wife, Gyokuran, painting, and she became…

English literature: Poets and poetry after Pope: Jubilate Agno (written during confinement in various asylums between 1758/59 and 1763 but not published until 1939) is composed in free verse and experiments with applying the antiphonal principles of Hebrew poetry to English. A Song to David (1763) is a rhapsodic hymn of praise,…

Cristóbal de Morales: His motet Jubilate Deo omnis terra (in six parts), commissioned by Pope Paul III to mark the peace treaty between Charles V and Francis I, was later parodied by Tomás Luis de Victoria in his mass Gaudeamus, and Francisco Guerrero based his mass Sancta et immaculata on…

radio: American radio goes to war: Also important was Jubilee, which ran from 1942 to 1953 and was directed at African American soldiers. The show was hosted by comedian Ernest (“Bubbles”) Whitman and featured such entertainers as Lena Horne, Nat “King” Cole, and Count Basie.

Cole Porter: …Red, Hot and Blue (1934), Jubilee (1935), Dubarry Was a Lady (1939), Panama Hattie (1940), Kiss Me, Kate (1948, based on William Shakespeare’s The Taming of the Shrew), Can-Can (1953), and Silk Stockings (1955). He concurrently worked on a number of motion pictures.

African American literature: Reconceptualizing Blackness: …of Margaret Walker’s historical novel Jubilee (1966), in liberating Black American women of the South from the stereotypes that had bound them to the “mammy” image while also serving notice to the male- and urban-oriented Black Arts movement that the voices and traditions of Black women, Southern Black culture, and…

Year of Jubilee: History: …Year resembles the Old Testament Jubilee—in which, every 50 years, the Hebrews celebrated a year of perfect rest, emancipated those they had enslaved, and restored hereditary property—but it does not seem to be based on it. Pope Boniface VIII established the Holy Year in 1300 as a centenary observance. In…

Peoria: Jubilee College State Park and Historic Site is about 15 miles (25 km) northwest. Several state fish and wildlife areas are southwest of the city. Inc. city, 1845. Pop. (2010) 115,007; Peoria Metro Area, 379,186; (2020) 113,150; Peoria Metro Area, 402,391.

Juneteenth, holiday commemorating the end of slavery in the United States, observed annually on June 19. (Read Charles Blow’s Britannica essay on the Juneteenth holiday.) In 1863, during the American Civil War, Pres. Abraham Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation, which declared more than

Jubilee diamond, flawless, clear white diamond weighing almost 651 carats in rough form, as it was found in the Jaegersfontein mine in South Africa in 1895. It was faceted into a cushion brilliant of about 245 carats in 1897, the year of Queen Victoria’s Diamond Jubilee, from which it takes its

Ghana: Resources and power: Oil production at the offshore Jubilee field began in 2010, and Ghana saw a significant increase in output. This was further supplemented by the start of production at the Tweneboa-Enyenra-Ntomme (TEN) field in 2016 and the Offshore Cape Three Points field in 2017. Natural gas is produced at the aforementioned…

Year of Jubilee, in the Roman Catholic Church, a celebration that is observed for one full year every 25 years, during which Catholics may be granted remission of sins (in the form of an indulgence) by the pope under certain conditions, such as completing a pilgrimage. In addition, confessors in

Book of Jubilees, pseudepigraphal work (not included in any canon of scripture), most notable for its chronological schema, by which events described in Genesis on through Exodus 12 are dated by jubilees of 49 years, each of which is composed of seven cycles of seven years. The institution of a

sequence: …text, or both) to the jubilus, the florid ending of the last syllable of the Alleluia. The melodic tropes were normally broken into phrases that were repeated in performance (as aa, bb, cc,…) by alternating choirs. Texts set to these and to Alleluia melodies were originally prose and thus were…

Ikot Abasi: In 1870 Jubo Jubogha, a former Igbo (Ibo) enslaved person and ruler of the Anna Pepple house of Bonny (28 miles [45 km] west-southwest), came to Ikot Abasi and founded the kingdom of Opobo, which he named for Opobo the Great, a Pepple king (reigned 1792–1830). Also…

Khalil Gibran was a Lebanese-American philosophical essayist, novelist, poet, and artist. Having received his primary education in Beirut, Gibran immigrated with his parents to Boston in 1895. He returned to Lebanon in 1898 and studied in Beirut, where he excelled in the Arabic language. On his

Petrobras scandal: …weeks after taking office when Romero Juca, the new planning minister and a close confidant of the acting president, was forced to step down amid accusations that he had sought to obstruct the Operation Car Wash investigation. A newspaper released a taped conversation between Juca and an ex-senator under investigation…

Júcar River, river in eastern Spain, rising in the Universales Mountains north of Cuenca city. It flows in a southerly and then easterly direction for 309 miles (498 km) through Cuenca, Albacete, and Valencia provinces and into the Gulf of Valencia, at Cullera. Beyond Cuenca its valley widens and

Juche, state ideology of North Korea and official ideology of the Workers Party of Korea. Typically translated as “self-reliance,” Juche was developed by the founder of the North Korean state and its “eternal president,” Kim Il-Sung, and expounded upon by his son Kim Jong Il. Originally derived

Huizong: …formed an alliance with the Juchen (Chinese: Nüzhen, or Ruzhen) tribes of Manchuria (now the Northeast region of China). The resulting victory over the Liao was wholly illusory, since it was the Juchen who turned out to be the real menace. In mounting crisis, Huizong abdicated in 1125/26 in favour…

Jin dynasty, (1115–1234), dynasty that ruled an empire formed by the Tungus Juchen (or Jurchen) tribes of Manchuria. The empire covered much of Inner Asia and all of present-day North China. Originally subjects of the Liao, an Inner Asian dynasty created in the 10th century by the Khitan tribes,

Manchu-Tungus languages: Linguistic history: …of the Manchu-Tungus family is Juchen (Jurchen), which was spoken by the founders of the Jin dynasty (1115–1234) in northern China. Almost nothing is known about this now-extinct language because few examples of written Juchen remain, these being inscriptions on stelae found in Manchuria and Korea. Juchen script was borrowed…

Louis Juchereau de Saint-Denis was a French-Canadian explorer and soldier, leader of a 1714 expedition from French-held Natchitoches, in the Louisiana Territory, to the Spanish town of San Juan Bautista (modern Villahermosa) on the Rio Grande. From 1703 to 1707 Saint-Denis explored the lower

Jöchi was a Mongol prince, the eldest of Genghis Khan’s four sons and, until the final years of his life, a participant in his father’s military campaigns. Jöchi, like his brothers, received his own ulus (vassal kingdom to command), a yurt (a domain for his ulus), and an inju (personal domains to

Juchitán, city, southeastern Oaxaca estado (state), southern Mexico. It is on the Juchitán River (or De los Perros River), near the southern coast of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, at 125 feet (38 metres) above sea level. Juchitán has long been one of the principal centres of the Zapotec Indians.

Juchitán, city, southeastern Oaxaca estado (state), southern Mexico. It is on the Juchitán River (or De los Perros River), near the southern coast of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, at 125 feet (38 metres) above sea level. Juchitán has long been one of the principal centres of the Zapotec Indians.

Lion Feuchtwanger: …Süss (1925; also published as Jew Süss and Power), set in 18th-century Germany, revealed a depth of psychological analysis that remained characteristic of his subsequent work—the Josephus-Trilogie (Der jüdische Krieg, 1932; Die Söhne, 1935; Der Tag wird kommen, 1945); Die Geschwister Oppenheim (1933; The Oppermanns), a novel of modern life;…

Jakob Jud was a Swiss linguist who used comparative linguistics to reconstruct cultural history. He taught French at the lyceum of Zürich from 1906 to 1922 and afterward was a professor of Romance languages at the University of Zürich. Jud mediated imaginatively between the linguistic traditions of

Leo Jud was a Swiss religious Reformer, biblical scholar, and translator and an associate of Huldrych Zwingli and Heinrich Bullinger in the Zürich Reformation. He collaborated in drafting the first Helvetic Confession, an important Reformation creed, in 1536. After studying medicine at the

Judaea, the southernmost of the three traditional divisions of ancient Palestine; the other two were Galilee in the north and Samaria in the centre. No clearly marked boundary divided Judaea from Samaria, but the town of Beersheba was traditionally the southernmost limit. The region presents a

West Bank, area of the former British-mandated (1920–47) territory of Palestine west of the Jordan River, claimed from 1949 to 1988 as part of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan but occupied from 1967 by Israel. The territory, excluding East Jerusalem, is also known within Israel by its biblical

Palestine: Land: …south, the high plateau of Judaea is a rocky wilderness of limestone, with rare patches of cultivation, as found around Al-Bireh and Hebron (Al-Khalīl). It is separated from the coastal plain by a longitudinal fosse and a belt of low hills of soft chalky limestone, about 5 to 8 miles…

Palestine: Land: …south, the high plateau of Judaea is a rocky wilderness of limestone, with rare patches of cultivation, as found around Al-Bireh and Hebron (Al-Khalīl). It is separated from the coastal plain by a longitudinal fosse and a belt of low hills of soft chalky limestone, about 5 to 8 miles…

Judah, one of the 12 tribes of Israel, descended from Judah, who was the fourth son born to Jacob and his first wife, Leah. It is disputed whether the name Judah was originally that of the tribe or the territory it occupied and which was transposed from which. After the Israelites took possession

Judaea, the southernmost of the three traditional divisions of ancient Palestine; the other two were Galilee in the north and Samaria in the centre. No clearly marked boundary divided Judaea from Samaria, but the town of Beersheba was traditionally the southernmost limit. The region presents a

yeshiva: …set up at Pumbedita by Judah bar Ezekiel. From c. 200 to 1040 these two yeshivas had immense authority as centres of learning and issued “official” interpretations of the law.

Menahem ben Saruq: …Menahem’s pupils, one of whom, Judah ben David Ḥayyuj, was a major Hebrew grammarian.

Judah ben Samuel was a Jewish mystic and semilegendary pietist, a founder of the fervent, ultrapious movement of German Ḥasidism. He was also the principal author of the ethical treatise Sefer Ḥasidim (published in Bologna, 1538; “Book of the Pious”), possibly the most important extant document of

Judah ha-Levi was a Jewish poet and religious philosopher. His works were the culmination of the development of Hebrew poetry within the Arabic cultural sphere. Among his major works are the poems collected in Dīwān, the “Zionide” poems celebrating Zion, and the Sefer ha-Kuzari (“Book of the

Judah ha-Nasi was one of the last of the tannaim, the small group of Palestinian masters of the Jewish Oral Law, parts of which he collected as the Mishna (Teaching). The Mishna became the subject of interpretation in the Talmud, the fundamental rabbinic compendium of law, lore, and commentary.

Hebrew literature: The golden age in Spain, 900–1200: …creation of comparative linguistics by Judah ibn Kuraish (about 900) and Isaac ibn Barun (about 1100). Judah Hayyuj, a disciple of Menahem ben Saruk, recast Hebrew grammar, and, in the form given to it by David Kimhi of Narbonne (died c. 1235), the new system was taken over by the…

Judas Maccabeus was a Jewish guerrilla leader who defended his country from invasion by the Seleucid king Antiochus IV Epiphanes, preventing the imposition of Hellenism upon Judaea, and preserving the Jewish religion. The son of Mattathias, an aged priest who took to the mountains in rebellion when

Judah ben Samuel was a Jewish mystic and semilegendary pietist, a founder of the fervent, ultrapious movement of German Ḥasidism. He was also the principal author of the ethical treatise Sefer Ḥasidim (published in Bologna, 1538; “Book of the Pious”), possibly the most important extant document of

Judah ha-Nasi was one of the last of the tannaim, the small group of Palestinian masters of the Jewish Oral Law, parts of which he collected as the Mishna (Teaching). The Mishna became the subject of interpretation in the Talmud, the fundamental rabbinic compendium of law, lore, and commentary.

Saudi Arabia: Death of Faisal: … for six years until the Battle of Jūdah (1871), in which Saud triumphed. Abdullah fled, and Saud took power. But during the next five years the throne changed hands no fewer than seven times in favour of different members of the Saud family. Drought in 1870–74 exacerbated the civil war’s…

Judaism, monotheistic religion developed among the ancient Hebrews. Judaism is characterized by a belief in one transcendent God who revealed himself to Abraham, Moses, and the Hebrew prophets and by a religious life in accordance with Scriptures and rabbinic traditions. Judaism is the complex

Mordecai Menahem Kaplan: …well defined in Kaplan’s book Judaism as a Civilization: Toward the Reconstruction of American-Jewish Life (1934). Its goals were further refined in subsequent works such as The Meaning of God in Modern Jewish Religion (1937), Judaism Without Supernaturalism (1958), and The Religion of Ethical Nationhood (1970). In 1935 the Reconstructionist,…

Michael von Faulhaber: …delivered his famous sermons entitled Judaism, Christianity, and Germany (translated in 1934), which emphasized the Jewish background of Christianity and pointed out that the teachings of the New Testament logically followed those of the Old. He further emphasized that the German tribes had become civilized only after Christianization and asserted…

St. Ignatius of Antioch: The letters: warnings against false teachings: …two groups of heretics: (1) Judaizers, who did not accept the authority of the New Testament and clung to such Jewish practices as observing the Sabbath, and (2) docetists (from the Greek dokein, “to seem”), who held that Christ had suffered and died only in appearance. Ignatius untiringly affirmed that…

ballad: Chronology: “Judas,” the oldest example found in Francis James Child’s exhaustive collection, The English and Scottish Popular Ballads (1882–98), dates from 1300, but until the 17th century ballad records are sparse indeed. As an oral art, the ballad does not need to be written down to…

St. Jude ; Western feast day October 28, Eastern feast days June 19 and August 21) was one of the original Twelve Apostles of Jesus. He is the reputed author of the canonical Letter of Jude that warns against the licentious and blasphemous heretics. The Roman Catholic devotion to him as patron

H.E.R.: Music: …contributed to the soundtrack for Judas and the Black Messiah (2021); in 2022 the track won the Grammy for best traditional R&B performance. In addition, in June 2021 Wilson released her first full-length album, Back of My Mind, which debuted at number one on Billboard’s R&B albums chart. The work…

Aristobulus I was a Hasmonean (Maccabean) Hellenized king of Judaea (104–103 bc). The son of Hyrcanus I, he broke his late father’s will and seized the throne from his mother and jailed or killed his brothers. According to the historian Josephus, Aristobulus conquered the Ituraeans of Lebanon and

prophecy: New Testament and early Christianity: …them are Agabus of Jerusalem; Judas Barsabbas and Silas, who also were elders of the Jerusalem church; the four prophesying daughters of Philip the Evangelist; and John, the author of Revelation. The term prophet is used with reference to an office in the early church along with evangelists and teachers,…

Julia O’Faolain: The novel The Judas Cloth (1992) concerns the 19th-century Roman Catholic clergy. With her husband, Lauro Martines, O’Faolain edited Not in God’s Image: Women in History from the Greeks to the Victorians (1973). She also translated several works from the Italian under the name Julia Martines.

Judas Iscariot was one of the Twelve Apostles, notorious for betraying Jesus. Judas’s surname is more probably a corruption of the Latin sicarius (“murderer” or “assassin”) than an indication of family origin, suggesting that he would have belonged to the Sicarii, the most radical Jewish group,

Judas Maccabeus was a Jewish guerrilla leader who defended his country from invasion by the Seleucid king Antiochus IV Epiphanes, preventing the imposition of Hellenism upon Judaea, and preserving the Jewish religion. The son of Mattathias, an aged priest who took to the mountains in rebellion when

heavy metal: AC/DC, Aerosmith, Judas Priest, and Alice Cooper established an international fan base.

Rembrandt: The Leiden period (1625–31) of Rembrandt: …or 1629 Rembrandt finished the Judas Repentant and, among other works, painted The Artist in His Studio. After amazingly rapid changes in style from 1625 onward, Rembrandt reached a first major peak in his artistic development in the late 1620s.

St. Thomas ; Western feast day December 21, feast day in Roman and Syrian Catholic churches July 3, in the Greek church October 6) was one of the Twelve Apostles. His name in Aramaic (Teʾoma) and Greek (Didymos) means “twin”; John 11:16 identifies him as “Thomas, called the Twin.” He is called

redbud: …Mediterranean region, is often called Judas tree, for the betrayer of Christ, who is said to have hanged himself from such a tree, after which the white flowers turned red with blood or shame.

Karl Schönherr: …1897 he wrote a play, Der Judas von Tirol (rewritten 1927; “The Judas of the Tirol”), in which the Judas of a rural passion play becomes a real-life betrayer. Glaube und Heimat (1910; “Faith and Homeland”), often considered his best play, concerns peasant resistance to the Counter-Reformation of the church.

Jean Renoir: Early years: …war; La Bête humaine (1938; The Human Beast, or Judas Was a Woman), an admirable free interpretation of Zola; and especially La Règle du jeu (1939; The Rules of the Game), his masterpiece. Cut and fragmented by the distributors, this classic film was also regarded as a failure until it…

Gospel of Judas, apocryphal Christian scripture from the 2nd century ad attributed to the apostle Judas Iscariot. The gospel advances a Gnostic cosmology and portrays Judas in a positive light as the only apostle who fully understands Jesus’ teachings. Although lost for centuries, the Gospel of

Heat: …them Shiherlis’s wife, Charlene (Ashley Judd), and Cheritto’s wife, Elaine (Susan Traylor).

Charles Hubbard Judd was a U.S. psychologist and exponent of the use of scientific methods in the study of educational problems. His research dealt with psychological issues of school curriculum, pedagogical methods, and the nature of reading, language, and number. Judd was brought to the United

the Judds: …country music duo, consisting of Naomi Judd (originally Diana Ellen Judd; b. January 11, 1946, Ashland, Kentucky, U.S.—d. April 30, 2022, outside Nashville, Tennessee) and her daughter Wynonna Judd (originally Christina Claire Ciminella; b. May 30, 1964, Ashland, Kentucky), whose effective vocal harmonies, melding of traditional country sounds with popular…

Donald Judd was an American artist and critic associated with Minimalism. Credited as Minimalism’s principal spokesman, Judd wrote what is considered to be one of the most significant texts of the movement, “Specific Objects” (1965). The article laid out the Minimalist platform of stressing the

Donald Judd was an American artist and critic associated with Minimalism. Credited as Minimalism’s principal spokesman, Judd wrote what is considered to be one of the most significant texts of the movement, “Specific Objects” (1965). The article laid out the Minimalist platform of stressing the

The Day the Earth Caught Fire: …reporter Peter Stenning (played by Edward Judd) is investigating recent events of unusual weather. He finds that the nearly simultaneous testing of nuclear weapons by the Soviet Union and the United States have apparently knocked Earth from its orbit and hurtled it toward the Sun. The planet begins to heat;…

Gerrit P. Judd was a U.S. missionary to Hawaii who played a crucial role in governing the islands. The son of a physician, Judd studied medicine in his father’s office and at a medical school in Fairfield, N.Y. He was graduated in 1825 but the following year underwent a religious experience and

Gerrit P. Judd was a U.S. missionary to Hawaii who played a crucial role in governing the islands. The son of a physician, Judd studied medicine in his father’s office and at a medical school in Fairfield, N.Y. He was graduated in 1825 but the following year underwent a religious experience and

Nadia Nerina was a South African prima ballerina renowned for her remarkable versatility of roles. After touring South Africa in 1942, she went to England in 1945, where she studied under Dame Marie Rambert. Nerina became prima ballerina of the Royal Ballet in 1951, excelling in both classical,

the Judds: …country music duo, consisting of Naomi Judd (originally Diana Ellen Judd; b. January 11, 1946, Ashland, Kentucky, U.S.—d. April 30, 2022, outside Nashville, Tennessee) and her daughter Wynonna Judd (originally Christina Claire Ciminella; b. May 30, 1964, Ashland, Kentucky), whose effective vocal harmonies, melding of traditional country sounds with popular…

the Judds: …Nashville, Tennessee) and her daughter Wynonna Judd (originally Christina Claire Ciminella; b. May 30, 1964, Ashland, Kentucky), whose effective vocal harmonies, melding of traditional country sounds with popular music styles, and mother-daughter chemistry produced a string of hits in the 1980s and early 1990s.

Jeddah, city and major port in central Hejaz region, western Saudi Arabia. It lies along the Red Sea west of Mecca. The principal importance of Jeddah in history is that it constituted the port of Mecca and was thus the site where the majority of Muslim pilgrims landed while journeying to the holy

the Judds, American country music duo, consisting of Naomi Judd (originally Diana Ellen Judd; b. January 11, 1946, Ashland, Kentucky, U.S.—d. April 30, 2022, outside Nashville, Tennessee) and her daughter Wynonna Judd (originally Christina Claire Ciminella; b. May 30, 1964, Ashland, Kentucky),

Jude the Obscure, novel by Thomas Hardy, published in 1894–95 in an abridged form in Harper’s New Monthly as Hearts Insurgent; published in book form in 1895. Jude the Obscure is Hardy’s last work of fiction and is also one of his most gloomily fatalistic, depicting the lives of individuals who are

Martin Buber: From Vienna to Jerusalem: …Buber founded the influential monthly Der Jude (“The Jew”), which he edited until 1924 and which became the central forum for practically all German-reading Jewish intellectuals. In its pages he advocated the unpopular cause of Jewish-Arab cooperation in the formation of a binational state in Palestine.

Letter of Jude, brief New Testament letter written to a general Christian audience. Although the epistle claims to have been written by St. Jude the Apostle, “a servant of Jesus Christ and brother of James” (1:1), the author’s identity is uncertain. The cultivated Greek style is notable for