• Kimch’ŏn (South Korea)

    Gimcheon, city, North Gyeongsang do (province), south-central South Korea. It lies about 40 miles (65 km) northwest of Daegu. During the Joseon (Yi) dynasty (1392–1910) the city was one of the most important market towns of the country. It is now a service center for the surrounding area. Gimcheon

  • kimchee (food)

    kimchi, spicy, fermented pickle that invariably accompanies a Korean meal. The vegetables most commonly used in its preparation are celery cabbage, Chinese turnip, and cucumber. The prepared vegetables are sliced, highly seasoned with red pepper, onion, and garlic, and fermented in brine in large

  • kimchi (food)

    kimchi, spicy, fermented pickle that invariably accompanies a Korean meal. The vegetables most commonly used in its preparation are celery cabbage, Chinese turnip, and cucumber. The prepared vegetables are sliced, highly seasoned with red pepper, onion, and garlic, and fermented in brine in large

  • Kimchi, David (European scholar)

    David Kimhi was a European scholar of the Hebrew language whose writings on Hebrew lexicography and grammar became standard works in the Middle Ages and whose reputation eclipsed that of both his father, Joseph Kimhi, and his brother, Moses, a grammarian. As a boy David Kimhi learned his father’s

  • Kimchi, Joseph (European grammarian)

    Joseph Kimhi was a European grammarian, biblical exegete, and poet who, with his sons, Moses and David, made fundamental contributions to establishing Hebrew-language studies. Through his many translations into Hebrew of works written in Arabic by Spanish Jews, Kimhi came to play a principal part

  • Kimchi, Moses (European scholar)

    Moses Kimhi was a European author of an influential Hebrew grammar, Mahalakh shevile ha-daʿat (“Journey on the Paths of Knowledge”). The elder son of the grammarian and biblical exegete Joseph Kimhi and teacher of his more renowned brother, David Kimhi, he shared with them the accomplishment of

  • Kimel v. Florida Board of Regents (law case)

    Kimel v. Florida Board of Regents, legal case in which the U.S. Supreme Court on January 11, 2000, struck down (5–4) a 1974 amendment to the Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA) of 1967 that abrogated the general immunity of states under the Eleventh Amendment to lawsuits by individuals to

  • Kimen (work by Vesaas)

    Tarjei Vesaas: …awareness mark his Kimen (1940; The Seed), which shows how hatred is stirred up by mass psychology, and Huset i mørkret (1945; “House in Darkness”), a symbolic vision of the Nazi occupation of Norway. Fuglane (1957; The Birds), considered his greatest work (and later filmed), pleads for tolerance toward the…

  • Kimhi, David (European scholar)

    David Kimhi was a European scholar of the Hebrew language whose writings on Hebrew lexicography and grammar became standard works in the Middle Ages and whose reputation eclipsed that of both his father, Joseph Kimhi, and his brother, Moses, a grammarian. As a boy David Kimhi learned his father’s

  • Kimhi, Joseph (European grammarian)

    Joseph Kimhi was a European grammarian, biblical exegete, and poet who, with his sons, Moses and David, made fundamental contributions to establishing Hebrew-language studies. Through his many translations into Hebrew of works written in Arabic by Spanish Jews, Kimhi came to play a principal part

  • Kimḥi, Joseph (European grammarian)

    Joseph Kimhi was a European grammarian, biblical exegete, and poet who, with his sons, Moses and David, made fundamental contributions to establishing Hebrew-language studies. Through his many translations into Hebrew of works written in Arabic by Spanish Jews, Kimhi came to play a principal part

  • Kimhi, Moses (European scholar)

    Moses Kimhi was a European author of an influential Hebrew grammar, Mahalakh shevile ha-daʿat (“Journey on the Paths of Knowledge”). The elder son of the grammarian and biblical exegete Joseph Kimhi and teacher of his more renowned brother, David Kimhi, he shared with them the accomplishment of

  • KIMI (film by Soderbergh [2022])

    Steven Soderbergh: Later credits: In 2022 he helmed KIMI, a thriller about an agoraphobic tech analyst who believes she has heard a violent crime. The following year Soderbergh returned to the world of male strippers with Magic Mike’s Last Dance, which starred Channing Tatum and Salma Hayek.

  • Kimi no na wa (film by Oba [1953])

    Shōchiku Co., Ltd.: The company did produce, however, Kimi no na wa (1953–54; “What Is Your Name?”), the most lucrative film in postwar Japan. The profits were used to modernize the studio and to establish the Shōchiku Motion Picture Science Institute, which took as its object of study the technical challenges of filmmaking.…

  • Kīmiya-yi saʿādat (work by al-Ghazālī)

    Persian literature: Classical prose: The Kīmiya-yi saʿādat (after 1096; The Alchemy of Happiness) by the theologian and mystic al-Ghazālī, for instance, is one such work: it is a condensed version of the author’s own work in Arabic on Islamic ethics, the Iḥyāʾ ʿulūm al-dīn (The Revival of Religious Sciences). Written in a lively conversational…

  • kimkhwāb (cloth)

    kimkhwāb, Indian brocade woven of silk and gold or silver thread. The word kimkhwāb, derived from the Persian, means “a little dream,” a reference perhaps to the intricate patterns employed; kimkhwāb also means “woven flower,” an interpretation that appears more applicable to the brocade, in view

  • Kimmel, Husband Edward (United States Navy officer)

    Pearl Harbor attack: Warnings and responses: Husband E. Kimmel and Lieut. Gen. Walter C. Short, who shared command at Pearl Harbor, were warned of the possibility of war, specifically on October 16 and again on November 24 and 27. The notice of November 27, to Kimmel, began, “This dispatch is to…

  • Kimmel, James Christian (American comedian and talk-show host)

    Jimmy Kimmel is an American late-night talk-show personality, producer, and comedian best known as the host of Jimmy Kimmel Live! (2003– ). He also is a frequent host of various award ceremonies. Kimmel was raised in Las Vegas, where he spent his childhood cultivating a love of pranks and practical

  • Kimmel, Jimmy (American comedian and talk-show host)

    Jimmy Kimmel is an American late-night talk-show personality, producer, and comedian best known as the host of Jimmy Kimmel Live! (2003– ). He also is a frequent host of various award ceremonies. Kimmel was raised in Las Vegas, where he spent his childhood cultivating a love of pranks and practical

  • Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease (medical disorder)

    diabetic nephropathy, deterioration of kidney function occurring as a complication of diabetes mellitus. The condition is characterized primarily by increased urinary excretion of the protein albumin, increased blood pressure, and reduced glomerular filtration rate (the average rate at which wastes

  • Kimmerer, Robin Wall (Potawatomi writer and scientist)

    Robin Wall Kimmerer is a mother, writer, and plant ecologist perhaps best known for her book of essays Braiding Sweetgrass: Indigenous Wisdom, Scientific Knowledge, and the Teachings of Plants (2013). She holds appointments as a distinguished teaching professor and as a founding director of the

  • Kimmeridgian Stage (stratigraphy)

    Kimmeridgian Stage, middle of three divisions of the Upper Jurassic Series, representing all rocks formed worldwide during the Kimmeridgian Age, which occurred between 157.3 million and 152.1 million years ago during the Jurassic Period. The Kimmeridgian Stage overlies the Oxfordian Stage and

  • kimono (clothing)

    kimono, garment worn by Japanese men and women from the Hakuhō (Early Nara) period (645–710) to the present. Derived from the Chinese pao-style robe, the essential kimono is an ankle-length gown with long, expansive sleeves and a V-neck. It has neither buttons nor ties, being lapped left over right

  • Kimpech (Mexico)

    Campeche, city, port on the Gulf of Mexico, and capital of Campeche estado (state), southeastern Mexico. It lies on the Yucatán Peninsula at the western end of a fertile plain in a natural amphitheatre formed by hills overlooking the Bay of Campeche. The Spanish town was founded in 1540 on the site

  • Kimry (Russia)

    Kimry, city and centre of a rayon (sector), Tver oblast (region), western Russia. The old part of the city, situated on the high left (west) bank of the Volga River, is a centre of traditional handicrafts, especially of leatherworking, shoes, and hosiery. Kimry, a river port, was incorporated in

  • Kimura, Ren (Japanese physician)

    dengue: Dengue through history: …Japanese physicians Susumu Hotta and Ren Kimura and by American microbiologist Albert Bruce Sabin.

  • Kimvita (dialect)

    Swahili language: …the mainland areas of Tanzania; kiMvita (or Kimvita), spoken in Mombasa and other areas of Kenya; and kiAmu (or Kiamu), spoken on the island of Lamu and adjoining parts of the coast. Standard Swahili is based on the kiUnguja dialect.

  • kin (musical instrument)

    koto, long Japanese board zither having 13 silk strings and movable bridges. The body of the instrument is made of paulownia wood and is about 190 cm (74 inches) long. When the performer is kneeling or seated on the floor, the koto is held off the floor by two legs or a bridge-storage box; in most

  • kin

    kinship, system of social organization based on real or putative family ties. The modern study of kinship can be traced back to mid-19th-century interests in comparative legal institutions and philology. In the late 19th century, however, the cross-cultural comparison of kinship institutions became

  • kin altruism (behavior)

    kin selection, a type of natural selection that considers the role relatives play when evaluating the genetic fitness of a given individual. It is based on the concept of inclusive fitness, which is made up of individual survival and reproduction (direct fitness) and any impact that an individual

  • Kin dynasty (China [221–207 bce])

    Qin dynasty, dynasty that established the first great Chinese empire. The Qin—which lasted only from 221 to 207 bce but from which the name China is derived—established the approximate boundaries and basic administrative system that all subsequent Chinese dynasties were to follow for the next two

  • kin recognition (behavior)

    animal social behaviour: The proximate mechanisms of social behaviour: Kin recognition systems also play a role in contexts where it pays to favour close over distant kin. The three mechanisms of kin recognition are the use of environmental cues, prior experience, and phenotype matching (that is, looking or smelling right). Examples can be found…

  • kin selection (behavior)

    kin selection, a type of natural selection that considers the role relatives play when evaluating the genetic fitness of a given individual. It is based on the concept of inclusive fitness, which is made up of individual survival and reproduction (direct fitness) and any impact that an individual

  • Kin-kang (Buddhist mythological figure)

    Vajrapāṇi, in Mahāyāna Buddhist mythology, one of the celestial bodhisattvas (“Buddhas-to-be”), the manifestation of the self-born Buddha Akṣobhya. Vajrapāṇi (Sanskrit: Thunderbolt-Bearer) is believed to be the protector of the nāgas (half-man, half-serpent deities) and sometimes assumes the shape

  • Kinabalu, Mount (mountain, Malaysia)

    Mount Kinabalu, the highest peak in Malaysia and the Malay Archipelago, rising to 13,435 feet (4,095 metres). It is located on the island of Borneo in Sabah state in Malaysia. It is the third highest peak on an island on Earth, after Puncak Jaya in New Guinea and Mauna Kea in Hawaii. Lying near the

  • Kinabatangan River (river, Malaysia)

    Kinabatangan River, longest river in northeastern East Malaysia (North Borneo). It rises in the eastern Witti Range, where it begins its 350-mile (563-kilometre) northeasterly course. Traversing for the most part a broad, heavily forested plain, the river culminates in a wide delta at the Sulu Sea

  • kinaesthetic sense (sensory phenomenon)

    human sensory reception: Kinesthetic (motion) sense: Even with the eyes closed, one is aware of the positions of his legs and arms and can perceive the movement of a limb and its direction. The term kinesthesis (“feeling of motion”) has been coined for this sensibility.

  • Kinai (Japanese dialect)

    Japan: Languages: …a vigorous influx of the Kamigata (Kinai) subdialect, which was the foundation of standard Japanese. Among the Western subdialects, the Kinki version was long the standard language of Japan, although the present Kamigata subdialect of the Kyōto-Ōsaka region is of relatively recent origin. The Kyushu subdialects have been placed outside…

  • Kinanah (Arabian tribe)

    Kindah: Taghlib, Qays, and Kinānah—each led by a Kindah prince. The tribes feuded constantly, and, after about the middle of the 6th century, the Kindah princes were forced by the local tribesmen to withdraw once more to southern Arabia.

  • kinase (enzyme)

    kinase, an enzyme that adds phosphate groups (PO43−) to other molecules. A large number of kinases exist—the human genome contains at least 500 kinase-encoding genes. Included among these enzymes’ targets for phosphate group addition (phosphorylation) are proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. For

  • Kincaid, Jamaica (Caribbean American author)

    Jamaica Kincaid is a Caribbean American writer whose essays, stories, and novels are evocative portrayals of family relationships and her native Antigua. Kincaid settled in New York City when she left Antigua at age 16. She first worked as an au pair in Manhattan. She later won a photography

  • Kincardine (former county, Scotland, United Kingdom)

    Kincardineshire, historic county in northeastern Scotland, along the North Sea coast south of Aberdeen. It is part of the Aberdeenshire council area. Kincardine is the southernmost of the historic counties of northeastern Scotland. In ancient times it marked the northern limit of the brief Roman

  • Kincardine, 11th earl of (British diplomat)

    Thomas Bruce, 7th earl of Elgin was a British diplomatist and art collector, famous for his acquisition of the Greek sculptures now known as the “Elgin Marbles.” The third son of Charles Bruce, the 5th earl (1732–71), Elgin succeeded his brother William Robert, the 6th earl, in 1771 at the age of

  • Kincardine, 12th earl of (British statesman)

    James Bruce, 8th earl of Elgin was a British statesman and governor general of British North America in 1847–54 who effected responsible, or cabinet, government in Canada and whose conduct in office defined the role for his successors. Bruce had been elected to the British House of Commons for

  • Kincardineshire (former county, Scotland, United Kingdom)

    Kincardineshire, historic county in northeastern Scotland, along the North Sea coast south of Aberdeen. It is part of the Aberdeenshire council area. Kincardine is the southernmost of the historic counties of northeastern Scotland. In ancient times it marked the northern limit of the brief Roman

  • Kinchinjunga (mountain, Asia)

    Kanchenjunga, world’s third highest mountain, with an elevation of 28,169 feet (8,586 metres). It is situated in the eastern Himalayas on the border between Sikkim state, northeastern India, and eastern Nepal, 46 miles (74 km) north-northwest of Darjiling, Sikkim. The mountain is part of the Great

  • Kinchow (southern Liaoning, China)

    Jinzhou, former town, southern Liaoning sheng (province), China. Now administratively a district under the city of Dalian, it is situated on Jinzhou Bay, a part of the Bo Hai (Gulf of Chihli), and on the neck of the Liaodong Peninsula immediately northeast of Dalian. Jinzhou is an important

  • Kinchū Narabi ni Kuge Shohatto (Japanese history)

    Japan: The establishment of the system: …Imperial and Court Officials (Kinchū Narabi ni Kuge Shohatto) were promulgated as the legal basis for bakufu control of the daimyo and the imperial court. In 1616 Ieyasu died, the succession already having been established.

  • Kinck, Hans E. (Norwegian writer)

    Hans E. Kinck was a prolific Norwegian novelist, short-story writer, dramatist, essayist, and Neoromanticist whose works reflect his preoccupation with the past and his lifelong interest in national psychology and creative genius. The son of a physician and a peasant’s daughter, Kinck spent many

  • Kinck, Hans Ernst (Norwegian writer)

    Hans E. Kinck was a prolific Norwegian novelist, short-story writer, dramatist, essayist, and Neoromanticist whose works reflect his preoccupation with the past and his lifelong interest in national psychology and creative genius. The son of a physician and a peasant’s daughter, Kinck spent many

  • Kincsem (racehorse)

    Kincsem, (foaled 1874), European racehorse whose total of 54 victories (1876–79) without defeat was into the 1980s the best unbeaten record in the history of flat (Thoroughbred) racing. A mare sired by Cambuscan out of Water Nymph (both English-bred horses), she was foaled in Hungary and raced in

  • Kind and Knox Gelatine Company (American company)

    Rose Markward Knox: …vice president of the reorganized Kind and Knox Gelatine Company. She built a new plant in Camden to produce flavoured gelatin in 1936. Her treatment of employees was notably brisk and fair, and they were remarkably loyal to the firm. The Knox company remained the leading manufacturer and distributor of…

  • Kind Hearts and Coronets (film by Hamer [1949])

    Kind Hearts and Coronets, British comedy, released in 1949, that came to be recognized as one of the best British films of all time. It was noted for its dark humour and for the performance of Alec Guinness, who played eight characters. Ruthlessly ambitious aristocrat Louis Mazzini (played by

  • Kind Lady (film by Sturges [1951])

    John Sturges: Bad, Magnificent, and Great: Kind Lady (1951) was a period suspense film, in which Ethel Barrymore portrayed an elderly art lover who is held prisoner in her home as a group of thieves (Maurice Evans and Angela Lansbury, among others) plot to steal her collection. The People Against O’Hara…

  • Kind of Blue (work by Davis)

    John Coltrane: phase” albums Milestones (1958) and Kind of Blue (1959), both considered essential examples of 1950s modern jazz. (Davis at this point was experimenting with modes—i.e., scale patterns other than major and minor.) His work on these recordings was always proficient and often brilliant, though relatively subdued and cautious.

  • Kind of Loving, A (film by Schlesinger [1962])

    John Schlesinger: British films: His first feature, A Kind of Loving (1962), was a low-key but effective exercise in the “kitchen-sink” school of drama that was grounded in working-class characters, industrial locales in northern England, and naturalistic performances, filmed with gritty cinematography. Alan Bates starred as draughtsman who struggles with the responsibilities…

  • Kind of Loving, A (novel by Barstow)

    Stan Barstow: …success of his first book, A Kind of Loving (1960; film 1962; stage play 1970) enabled him to write full-time. The novel takes a frank look at a working-class man caught in an unhappy marriage. Barstow was among a group of young British writers (including Alan Sillitoe and John Braine)…

  • Kind of Scar, A (work by Boland)

    Eavan Boland: A Kind of Scar (1989) is Boland’s prose study of female Irish poets. She also coauthored (with Micheál Mac Liammóir) a biography of the Irish poet William Butler Yeats entitled W.B. Yeats and His World (1998). A Journey with Two Maps: Becoming A Woman Poet…

  • kind, consciousness of (sociology)

    Franklin H. Giddings: …his doctrine of the “consciousness of kind,” which he derived from Adam Smith’s conception of “sympathy,” or shared moral reactions. In Giddings’s view, consciousness of kind fostered a homogeneous society and resulted from the interaction of individuals and their exposure to common stimuli. Some critics regarded consciousness of kind…

  • Kind, Johann Friedrich (German writer)

    Der Freischütz: Its German libretto by Johann Friedrich Kind is based on a story by Johann August Apel and Friedrich Laun. The opera premiered in Berlin on June 18, 1821.

  • Kind, Phyllis (American art dealer)

    Roger Brown: A Chicago Imagist: In 1970 Chicago art dealer Phyllis Kind began representing Brown, and she gave him his first solo show at her gallery in 1971. Soon after, art critic Franz Schulze, who coined the term imagists for the SAIC-schooled group, included Brown in his book Fantastic Images: Chicago Art Since 1945 (1972),…

  • Kindah (people)

    Kindah, ancient Arabian tribe that was especially prominent during the late 5th and 6th centuries ad, when it made one of the first attempts in central Arabia to unite various tribes around a central authority. The Kindah originated in the area west of Ḥaḍramawt in southern Arabia. At the end of

  • Kindal Savara (people)

    Savara: …Muli, workers in iron; the Kindal, basket makers; and the Kumbi, potters. The traditional social unit is the extended family, including both males and females descended from a common male ancestor.

  • kindami (Japanese art)

    fundamiji, in Japanese lacquerwork, variation of the jimaki technique. In this kind of ground decoration, a thick layer of fine gold or silver grains is dusted onto a freshly lacquered surface and, when dry, covered with a clear lacquer. After this has dried, it is polished with powdered charcoal

  • Kindat al-Mulūk (people)

    Kindah, ancient Arabian tribe that was especially prominent during the late 5th and 6th centuries ad, when it made one of the first attempts in central Arabia to unite various tribes around a central authority. The Kindah originated in the area west of Ḥaḍramawt in southern Arabia. At the end of

  • kinde (musical instrument)

    African music: Harps: (Uganda), ardin (Mauritania), kinde (Lake Chad region), and ngombi (Gabon).

  • Kindelberger, Dutch (American aircraft designer)

    P-51: …designer of North American Aviation, J.H. (“Dutch”) Kindelberger, to design a fighter from the ground up rather than produce another fighter, the Curtiss P-40, under license. The result was a trim low-wing monoplane powered by a liquid-cooled in-line Allison engine. Other fighters powered by non-turbo-supercharged Allisons, notably the P-40 and…

  • Kindelberger, J. H. (American aircraft designer)

    P-51: …designer of North American Aviation, J.H. (“Dutch”) Kindelberger, to design a fighter from the ground up rather than produce another fighter, the Curtiss P-40, under license. The result was a trim low-wing monoplane powered by a liquid-cooled in-line Allison engine. Other fighters powered by non-turbo-supercharged Allisons, notably the P-40 and…

  • Kindell, Ty (American musician)

    X: …25, 1953, Decatur, Illinois), guitarist Billy Zoom (original name Ty Kindell; b. February 20, 1948, Savanna, Illinois), and drummer D.J. Bonebrake (b. December 8, 1955, North Hollywood, California). Later members included Dave Alvin (b. November 11, 1955, Los Angeles, California) and Tony Gilkyson.

  • Kinder- und Hausmärchen (work by Jacob Grimm and Wilhelm Grimm)

    Grimm’s Fairy Tales, classic and influential collection of folklore by Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm, first published in two volumes as Kinder- und Hausmärchen (1812–15; “Children’s and Household Tales”) and later revised and enlarged seven times between 1819 and 1857. The work was first translated into

  • KinderCare Education (American company)

    Michael Milken: He founded Knowledge Universe, Inc., a consumer and business education company, in 1996. In 1998, without admitting guilt, Milken returned $47 million in earnings after the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) charged that he had violated the 1990 order barring him from doing business in the securities…

  • kindergarten (educational division)

    kindergarten, educational division, a supplement to elementary school intended to accommodate children between the ages of four and six years. Originating in the early 19th century, the kindergarten was an outgrowth of the ideas and practices of Robert Owen in Great Britain, J.H. Pestalozzi in

  • Kindergarten Cop (film by Reitman [1990])

    Angela Bassett: …attendant in the action comedy Kindergarten Cop (1990).

  • Kindergarten Teacher, The (film by Colangelo [2018])

    Gael García Bernal: …included a poetry instructor in The Kindergarten Teacher, an artless thief who breaks into Mexico City’s National Museum of Anthropology in Museo, and a talk show host in Acusada (The Accused). Among García Bernal’s credits the following year were Ema, about a couple struggling after a failed adoption, and Wasp…

  • Kinderhookian Series (geology)

    Carboniferous Period: Mississippian subsystem: The Kinderhookian Series includes the Hannibal Formation and the Chouteau Group. It is succeeded by the Osagean Series, which includes the Burlington Limestone and overlying Keokuk Limestone. The Meramecan and Chesterian series overlie previous layers. Other well-known Mississippian units in North America include: the Pocono Group…

  • Kinderlieb, Heinrich (German physician and writer)

    Heinrich Hoffmann was a German physician and writer who is best known for his creation of Struwwelpeter (“Slovenly Peter”), a boy whose wild appearance is matched by his naughty behaviour. Peter appeared in Lustige Geschichten und drollige Bilder mit füntzehn schön kolorten Tafeln für Kinder von

  • Kinderlieb, Heinrich (German physician and writer)

    Heinrich Hoffmann was a German physician and writer who is best known for his creation of Struwwelpeter (“Slovenly Peter”), a boy whose wild appearance is matched by his naughty behaviour. Peter appeared in Lustige Geschichten und drollige Bilder mit füntzehn schön kolorten Tafeln für Kinder von

  • Kinderlieb, Reimerich (German physician and writer)

    Heinrich Hoffmann was a German physician and writer who is best known for his creation of Struwwelpeter (“Slovenly Peter”), a boy whose wild appearance is matched by his naughty behaviour. Peter appeared in Lustige Geschichten und drollige Bilder mit füntzehn schön kolorten Tafeln für Kinder von

  • Kinderstück (work by Webern)

    Anton Webern: Life and works: …this system first in his Kinderstück for piano (1924), employing the serial technique thereafter for all further compositions and developing it with severe consistency to its most extreme potential. The instrumental works during that period—String Trio (1927), Symphony (1928), Quartet for Violin, Clarinet, Tenor Saxophone, and Piano (1930), Concerto for…

  • Kindertotenlieder (work by Rückert)

    Friedrich Rückert: Kindertotenlieder (“Songs on the Deaths of Children”), written in 1834 on the death of his two children and published posthumously in 1872, were set to music as a song cycle by Gustav Mahler in 1902.

  • Kindertransport (European history [1938–1940])

    Kindertransport, the nine-month rescue effort authorized by the British government and conducted by individuals in various countries and by assorted religious and secular groups that saved some 10,000 children, under age 17 and most of them Jewish, from Nazi Germany, Austria, Czechoslovakia, Poland

  • Kindest Regards: New and Selected Poems (poetry by Kooser)

    Ted Kooser: …collections Splitting an Order (2014), Kindest Regards: New and Selected Poems (2018), and Red Stilts (2020). His nonfiction work included Local Wonders: Seasons in the Bohemian Alps (2002) and The Poetry Home Repair Manual: Practical Advice for Beginning Poets (2005), a guidebook to writing poetry.

  • Kindī, al- (Muslim philosopher)

    al-Kindī was the first outstanding Islamic philosopher, known as “the philosopher of the Arabs.” Al-Kindī was born of noble Arabic descent and flourished in Iraq under the Abbasid caliphs al-Maʾmūn (813–833) and al-Muʿtaṣim (833–842). He concerned himself not only with those philosophical questions

  • Kindī, Yaʿqūb ibn Isḥāq aṣ-Ṣabāḥ, al- (Muslim philosopher)

    al-Kindī was the first outstanding Islamic philosopher, known as “the philosopher of the Arabs.” Al-Kindī was born of noble Arabic descent and flourished in Iraq under the Abbasid caliphs al-Maʾmūn (813–833) and al-Muʿtaṣim (833–842). He concerned himself not only with those philosophical questions

  • Kindia (Guinea)

    Kindia, town, western Guinea. It lies on the Conakry–Kankan Railway and at the intersection of roads from Conakry, Mamou, Télimélé, and Makeni (Sierra Leone). Founded in 1904 as a collecting point on the railroad, it is now the chief trading centre for the rice, cattle, bananas, pineapples, citrus

  • Kindle (electronic reading device)

    Kindle, any of the portable wireless electronic reading devices (e-readers) produced by the American company Amazon.com. The first Kindle was released in 2007. Amazon’s Kindles became the most popular e-readers, and Amazon e-books were estimated to constitute two-thirds of the electronic book

  • Kindle 2 (electronic reading device)

    Kindle: Publishing plus the power of the Amazon platform: In 2009 Amazon released the Kindle 2, a slimmer reader with more storage capacity, a crisper display, better battery life, a small joystick controller, and the ability to convert text to speech.

  • Kindle DX (electronic reading device)

    Kindle: Publishing plus the power of the Amazon platform: …introduced a larger reader, the Kindle DX, with a 9.7-inch (24.6-cm) screen. The Kindle DX, which had an introductory price of $489, also included more storage (four gigabytes) and native support for Adobe Systems Incorporated’s PDF file format. The latter feature is especially important for replicating newspapers and textbooks, which…

  • Kindle Paperwhite (electronic reading device)

    Kindle: Publishing plus the power of the Amazon platform: …next year Amazon released the Kindle Paperwhite, the first model with an illuminated screen.

  • Kindle Touch (electronic reading device)

    Kindle: Publishing plus the power of the Amazon platform: That same year the Kindle Touch, which had a touchscreen, was introduced. The next year Amazon released the Kindle Paperwhite, the first model with an illuminated screen.

  • Kindly Light (novel by Wilson)

    A.N. Wilson: …novels, Unguarded Hours (1978) and Kindly Light (1979), chronicle the misadventures of a man who begins a career in organized religion.

  • Kindness of Women, The (novel by Ballard)

    J.G. Ballard: The Kindness of Women (1991) follows the alternately dissipated and transcendent later life of the protagonist of Empire of the Sun and is written in the same semiautobiographical vein as its predecessor. Ballard infused later works with new variations on the dystopian themes of his…

  • Kindred (work by Butler)

    Octavia E. Butler: In Kindred (1979) a contemporary Black woman is sent back in time to a pre-Civil War plantation, becomes a slave, and rescues her white, slave-owning ancestor. Her later novels include the Xenogenesis trilogy—Dawn: Xenogenesis (1987), Adulthood Rites (1988), and Imago (1989)—and The Parable of the Sower…

  • Kindred by Choice (work by Goethe)

    German literature: Goethe and the Romantics: Goethe’s novel Die Wahlverwandtschaften (1809; Elective Affinities), with its emphasis on the supranatural and spiritual as well as on the sainthood of the female protagonist, is an example of this new style. Another example is Part II of his Faust drama. This sprawling cosmic allegory dramatizes the magician’s career at…

  • Kindred Spirits (painting by Durand)

    Asher B. Durand: His best known work, Kindred Spirits (1849), shows two of his friends, landscape painter Thomas Cole and poet William Cullen Bryant, in a minutely realistic Catskill forest setting.

  • Kinds of Kindness (film by Lanthimos [2024])

    Yorgos Lanthimos: Poor Things and Kinds of Kindness: In 2024 Lanthimos released Kinds of Kindness, a trio of stories exploring cruelty, kindness, domination, and free will. Written by Filippou, the film starred Stone, Dafoe, Jesse Plemons, and Margaret Qualley. Plemons’s performance earned him the prize for best actor at Cannes.

  • Kindu (Democratic Republic of the Congo)

    Kindu, city, east-central Democratic Republic of the Congo. It lies along the Lualaba River 390 miles (630 km) above (to the south of) Kisangani. Its location at the head of navigation on the Congo River system has long made it important for commercial transport. At one time it was the

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    Kindu, city, east-central Democratic Republic of the Congo. It lies along the Lualaba River 390 miles (630 km) above (to the south of) Kisangani. Its location at the head of navigation on the Congo River system has long made it important for commercial transport. At one time it was the

  • Kinemacolor (motion pictures)

    History of film: Edison and the Lumière brothers: …successful photographic color process (Kinemacolor, c. 1906–08, with Charles Urban), while Williamson experimented with parallel editing as early as 1900 (Attack on a Chinese Mission Station) and became a pioneer of the chase film (Stop Thief!, 1901; Fire!, 1901). Both Smith and Williamson had built studios at Brighton by…

  • kinematic metamorphism

    metamorphism: Dynamic metamorphism, or cataclasis, results mainly from mechanical deformation with little long-term temperature change. Textures produced by such adjustments range from breccias composed of angular, shattered rock fragments to very fine-grained, granulated or powdered rocks with obvious foliation and lineation. Large, pre-existing mineral grains may…