Curly Lambeau was an American gridiron football coach who had one of the longest and most distinguished careers in the history of the game. A founder of the Green Bay Packers in 1919, he served through 1949 as head coach of the only major team in American professional sports to survive in a small

Lambeosaurus, (genus Lambeosaurus), duck-billed dinosaur (hadrosaur) notable for the hatchet-shaped hollow bony crest on top of its skull. Fossils of this herbivore date to the Late Cretaceous Period (99.6 million to 65.5 million years old) of North America. Lambeosaurus was first discovered in

Auguste, Baron Lambermont was a Belgian statesman who in 1863 helped free Belgium’s maritime commerce by negotiating a settlement of the Schelde Question—the dispute over Dutch control of the maritime commerce of Antwerp, Belgium’s main port. After distinguished service in Spain for the army of

Auguste, Baron Lambermont was a Belgian statesman who in 1863 helped free Belgium’s maritime commerce by negotiating a settlement of the Schelde Question—the dispute over Dutch control of the maritime commerce of Antwerp, Belgium’s main port. After distinguished service in Spain for the army of

Auguste, Baron Lambermont was a Belgian statesman who in 1863 helped free Belgium’s maritime commerce by negotiating a settlement of the Schelde Question—the dispute over Dutch control of the maritime commerce of Antwerp, Belgium’s main port. After distinguished service in Spain for the army of

lambert, unit of luminance (brightness) in the centimetre-gram-second system of physical measurement. (See the International System of Units.) It is defined as the brightness of a perfectly diffusing surface that radiates or reflects one lumen per square centimetre. The unit was named for the

Lambert conformal projection, conic projection for making maps and charts in which a cone is, in effect, placed over the Earth with its apex aligned with one of the geographic poles. The cone is so positioned that it cuts into the Earth at one parallel and comes out again at a parallel closer to

history of logic: Developments in the 13th and early 14th centuries: …some late medieval universities; (2) Lambert of Auxerre, who wrote a Logica sometime between 1253 and 1257; and (3) William of Sherwood, who produced Introductiones in logicam (Introduction to Logic) and other logical works sometime about the mid-century.

Lambert Of Hersfeld was a chronicler who assembled a valuable source for the history of 11th-century Germany. Educated in Bamberg, Lambert joined the Benedictine convent of Hersfeld in March 1058 and was ordained the following fall, traveling to the Holy Land the same year. He moved to the Abbey of

encyclopaedia: Early development: 1120) of Lambert of Saint-Omer is an unoriginal miscellany, but it has an interest of its own in that it discards practical matters in favour of metaphysical discussion and pays special attention to such subjects as magic and astrology. The greatest achievement of the 12th century was…

Lambert Of Spoleto was the duke of Spoleto, king of Italy, and Holy Roman emperor (892–898) during the turbulent late Carolingian Age. He was one of many claimants to the imperial title. Crowned coemperor with his father, Guy of Spoleto, at a ceremony in Ravenna in 892, Lambert ruled alone after

Warner-Lambert Company, former diversified American corporation that manufactured products ranging from pharmaceuticals to candy. It became part of U.S. pharmaceutical conglomerate Pfizer Inc. in 2000. The company dates to 1856, when William Warner, a Philadelphia pharmacist, invented the

hazelnut: …of the European filbert, and Lambert’s filbert is a variety of the giant filbert. Nuts produced by the Turkish hazelnut (C. colurna) are sold commercially as Constantinople nuts. The former common name for the genus was hazel; various species were termed filbert, hazelnut, or cobnut, depending on the relative length…

colorimetry: …which is also known as Lambert’s law, relates the amount of light absorbed and the distance it travels through an absorbing medium; and Beer’s law relates light absorption and the concentration of the absorbing substance. The two laws may be combined and expressed by the equation log I0/I = kcd,…

American Idol: Winners: Adam Lambert, the runner-up in season eight, had success as a solo artist and also collaborated with the British rock band Queen, replacing deceased singer Freddie Mercury when the group performed live (as Queen + Adam Lambert).

Constant Lambert was an English composer, conductor, and critic who played a leading part in establishing the ballet as an art form in England. Lambert was commissioned in 1926 by Diaghilev to compose the ballet Romeo and Juliet. In 1929 he became conductor of the Camargo Society that led to the

François Lambert was a Protestant convert from Roman Catholicism and a leading reformer in Hesse. At age 15 Lambert entered the Franciscan community at Avignon, France. Sometime after 1517 he became an itinerant friar, traveling through France, Italy, and Switzerland. He left the Franciscans

Gerard Barnes Lambert was an American merchandiser and advertiser who marketed his father’s invention of Listerine mouthwash by making bad breath a social disgrace. After graduating from Princeton and studying architecture at Columbia University, Lambert fought in World War I and then joined his

Johann Heinrich Lambert was a Swiss German mathematician, astronomer, physicist, and philosopher who provided the first rigorous proof that π (the ratio of a circle’s circumference to its diameter) is irrational, meaning that it cannot be expressed as the quotient of two integers. Lambert, the son

Battle of New Orleans: John Lambert, suffered a decisive loss on the eastern bank. Lambert then withdrew all troops from the western bank. The battle lasted about two hours. Despite being outnumbered, the Americans wounded approximately 2,000 British soldiers while suffering less than 65 casualties of their own.

John Lambert was a leading Parliamentary general during the English Civil Wars and the principal architect of the Protectorate, the form of republican government existing in England from 1653 to 1659. Coming from a well-to-do family of gentry, Lambert joined the Parliamentary army as a captain at

automobile: The United States: …1891, the same year as John William Lambert of Ohio City, Ohio, and Charles Black of Indianapolis, Indiana. William T. Harris of Baltimore and Gottfried Schloemer of Milwaukee, Wisconsin, built successful cars in 1892. The Reese, Nadig, Black, and Schloemer cars still exist. Elwood Haynes followed the Duryea brothers with…

Patrick Gilmore was a leading American bandmaster and a virtuoso cornetist, noted for his flamboyant showmanship, innovations in instrumentation, and the excellence of his bands. Gilmore immigrated to the United States at age 19, and, after leading several bands, he took over the Boston Brigade

portobello mushroom: Types and forms: Louis Ferdinand Lambert discovered the pale aberration on his Pennsylvania mushroom farm in the 1920s. A skilled mycologist, he isolated and cultivated the white mushroom and soon found that it was well received as a novel food item. One of the first mass growers of…

Miranda Lambert is an American country music singer-songwriter who crafted a repertoire in the early 21st century that ranged from rowdy revenge fantasies to sensitive ruminations on domestic life. Her recordings, along with her feisty down-home personality, resonated widely with audiences and made

Miranda Lambert is an American country music singer-songwriter who crafted a repertoire in the early 21st century that ranged from rowdy revenge fantasies to sensitive ruminations on domestic life. Her recordings, along with her feisty down-home personality, resonated widely with audiences and made

Piggy Lambert was a U.S. collegiate basketball coach who pioneered the fast break, an offensive drive down the court at all-out speed. Lambert got his nickname from the pigtails he wore as a child, but he gained a finer reputation for his skill as a basketball player at Crawfordsville (Indiana)

Liège: Lambert, bishop of Maastricht, who was murdered there in 705. Liège became a town when St. Hubert transferred his see there in 721.

Piggy Lambert was a U.S. collegiate basketball coach who pioneered the fast break, an offensive drive down the court at all-out speed. Lambert got his nickname from the pigtails he wore as a child, but he gained a finer reputation for his skill as a basketball player at Crawfordsville (Indiana)

Beer’s law, in spectroscopy, a relation concerning the absorption of radiant energy by an absorbing medium. Formulated by German mathematician and chemist August Beer in 1852, it states that the absorptive capacity of a dissolved substance is directly proportional to its concentration in a

Minoru Yamasaki: Yamasaki designed the Lambert–St. Louis Municipal Airport terminal in Missouri, which was notable for its impressive use of concrete vaults and which strongly influenced subsequent American air-terminal design. In 1955, the year in which Hellmuth left the partnership, Yamasaki was commissioned to design the U.S. consulate in Kōbe,…

Benedict XIV was the pope from 1740 to 1758. His intelligence and moderation won praise even among deprecators of the Roman Catholic Church at a time when it was beset by criticism from the philosophers of the Enlightenment and its prerogatives were being challenged by absolutist monarchs. Typical

Lambessa, Algerian village notable for its Roman ruins; it is located in the Batna département, 80 miles (128 km) south-southwest of Constantine by road. The remains of the Roman town (Lambaesis) and camp include two triumphal arches, temples, an aqueduct, an amphitheatre, baths, and many private

Lambessa, Algerian village notable for its Roman ruins; it is located in the Batna département, 80 miles (128 km) south-southwest of Constantine by road. The remains of the Roman town (Lambaesis) and camp include two triumphal arches, temples, an aqueduct, an amphitheatre, baths, and many private

Lambeth, inner borough of London, part of the historic county of Surrey, extending southward from the River Thames. It includes the districts of (roughly north to south) Lambeth, Vauxhall, Kennington, South Lambeth, Stockwell, and Brixton and large parts of Clapham, Balham, Streatham, and Norwood.

Lambeth Conference, any of the periodic gatherings of bishops of the Anglican Communion held initially (1867–1968) at Lambeth Palace (the London house of the archbishop of Canterbury) and, since 1978, at Canterbury, Eng. They are important as a means of expressing united Anglican opinion, but the

Southwark and Lambeth delftware, tin-glazed earthenware made at a number of factories at Southwark, London, and nearby Lambeth, Vauxhall, Bermondsey, and Aldgate during the 17th and 18th centuries. Typical 17th-century examples include wine bottles, drug pots, and ointment pots, usually decorated

Lambeth Palace, official London residence of the Anglican archbishop of Canterbury. Until 1978 it was also the site of the Lambeth Conference, an episcopal assembly of the Anglican Communion that is called about once every 10 years, which now meets at Canterbury. About 1200 the first sections of

Lambeth Palace, official London residence of the Anglican archbishop of Canterbury. Until 1978 it was also the site of the Lambeth Conference, an episcopal assembly of the Anglican Communion that is called about once every 10 years, which now meets at Canterbury. About 1200 the first sections of

Lambeth Quadrilateral, four points that constitute the basis for union discussions of the Anglican Communion with other Christian groups: acceptance of Holy Scripture as the rule of faith; the Apostles’ and the Nicene creeds; the sacraments of Baptism and the Lord’s Supper; and the historic

Lupino family: …which he created the “Lambeth walk,” a ballroom dance supposedly representing the strut of the cockney residents of the Lambeth section of London.

beer: Types of beer: Lambic and gueuze beers are produced mainly in Belgium. The wort is made from malted barley, unmalted wheat, and aged hops. The fermentation process is allowed to proceed from the microflora present in the raw materials (a “spontaneous” fermentation). Different bacteria (especially lactic acid bacteria)…

Lambing Flat Riots, (1860–61), wave of anti-Chinese disturbances in the goldfields of New South Wales, Australia, which led to restriction of Chinese immigration. Many white and Chinese miners had flocked to the settlement of Lambing Flat (now called Young) when gold was discovered in the area in

conch: Spider conchs, with prongs on the lip, belong to the genus Lambis.

lambkill, (species Kalmia angustifolia), an open upright woody shrub of the heath family (Ericaceae). Lambkill is 0.3–1.2 m (1–4 feet) tall and has glossy, leathery, evergreen leaves and showy pink to rose flowers. It contains andromedotoxin, a poison also common to other Kalmia species (including

heraldry: The mantling: From the helmet hangs the mantling, or lambrequin. When worn, that was made of linen or other cloth and performed the useful function of shielding the wearer from the sun’s rays; it also served to snare or deflect sword cuts. The mantling, or mantle,…

India: Population: Hugh Trevor Lambrick proposed a figure of 35,000 for Mohenjo-daro and a roughly similar figure for Harappa, while Walter A. Fairservis estimated the former at about 41,250 and the latter about 23,500. These figures are probably conservative. It would be possible to produce estimates of…

Dhionísios, Count Solomós: The unfinished Lambros, a romantic poem of the revolutionary times, was begun in 1826. To this period (1823–28) belong also some shorter lyrical pieces and some satires, of which the most notable is I Ginaíka tís Zakínthou (“The Woman of Zante”).

spider crab: Sternorhynchus, Pitho, and Lambrus are common on the Atlantic coast of North America. Pacific coast spider crabs include the genera Loxorhynchus, Pugettia, and Epialtus.

Katharine Anthony: …American biographer best known for The Lambs (1945), a controversial study of the British writers Charles and Mary Lamb. The greater portion of her work examined the lives of notable American women.

mechanics of solids: Linear elastic isotropic solid: …μ are sometimes called the Lamé constants. Since ν is typically in the range 14 to 13 for hard polycrystalline solids, λ falls often in the range between μ and 2μ. (Navier’s particle model with central forces leads to λ = μ for an isotropic solid.)

calligraphy: Old Hebrew: The lamed form, which has the same derivation as the Western L, resembles the latter and can be picked out in early Aramaic pen hands by its characteristic long ascender.

photosynthesis: Chloroplasts, the photosynthetic units of green plants: …of isolated chloroplast membranes, or lamellae, could perform the Hill reaction. These small pieces of lamellae were then fragmented into pieces so small that they performed only the light reactions of the photosynthetic process. It is now possible also to isolate the entire chloroplast so that it can carry out…

lizard: Locomotion and limb adaptations: …geckos and anoles (Anolis) have lamellae (fine plates) on the undersides of the toes. Each lamella is made up of brushlike setae. The tips of each seta divide hundreds of times into tiny spatulae (spoon-shaped strands); the final strand is less than 0.25 micrometre (0.00001 inch) in diameter. (A tokay…

mineral: Crystal habit and crystal aggregation: …of approximately the same size; lamellar, flat, platelike individuals arranged in layers; bladed, elongated crystals flattened like a knife blade; fibrous, an aggregate of slender fibres, parallel or radiating; acicular, slender, needlelike crystals; radiating, individuals forming starlike or circular groups; globular, radiating individuals forming

lamella roof, Vaulted roof consisting of a crisscrossing pattern of parallel arches skewed with respect to the sides of the covered space, composed of relatively short members (lamellae) hinged together to form an interlocking network in a diamond pattern. It was used for the first two great

lamella roof, Vaulted roof consisting of a crisscrossing pattern of parallel arches skewed with respect to the sides of the covered space, composed of relatively short members (lamellae) hinged together to form an interlocking network in a diamond pattern. It was used for the first two great

photosynthesis: Chloroplasts, the photosynthetic units of green plants: …of isolated chloroplast membranes, or lamellae, could perform the Hill reaction. These small pieces of lamellae were then fragmented into pieces so small that they performed only the light reactions of the photosynthetic process. It is now possible also to isolate the entire chloroplast so that it can carry out…

lizard: Locomotion and limb adaptations: …geckos and anoles (Anolis) have lamellae (fine plates) on the undersides of the toes. Each lamella is made up of brushlike setae. The tips of each seta divide hundreds of times into tiny spatulae (spoon-shaped strands); the final strand is less than 0.25 micrometre (0.00001 inch) in diameter. (A tokay…

mineral: Crystal habit and crystal aggregation: …of approximately the same size; lamellar, flat, platelike individuals arranged in layers; bladed, elongated crystals flattened like a knife blade; fibrous, an aggregate of slender fibres, parallel or radiating; acicular, slender, needlelike crystals; radiating, individuals forming starlike or circular groups; globular, radiating individuals forming

lamellaphone, any musical instrument consisting of a set of tuned metal or bamboo tongues (lamellae) of varying length attached at one end to a soundboard that often has a box or calabash resonator. Board-mounted lamellaphones are often played inside gourds or bowls for increased resonance, and the

liquid crystal: Liquid crystal compounds: …of smectic known as a lamellar phase, also called neat soap. In this case it is important to recognize that soap molecules have a dual chemical nature. One end of the molecule (the hydrocarbon tail) is attracted to oil, while the other end (the polar head) attaches itself to water.…

beard worm: Form and function: Lamellibrachia barhami is one of the largest species. The body consists of three segments: two small anterior regions are called protosome and mesosome; the long trunk section is called the metasome. Each segment has its own coelom. The small protosome bears tentacles. The mesosome contains…

bivalve: Internal features: …best explained by the term lamellibranch. The lamellibranch structure may be further qualified as filibranch, pseudolamellibranch, or eulamellibranch. In filibranchs the filaments are only weakly united by cilia, and often the ctenidium retains some inherent sorting mechanism. Collection and sorting of potential food has not yet been definitively ascribed to…

bivalve, (class Bivalvia), any of more than 15,000 species of clams, oysters, mussels, scallops, and other members of the phylum Mollusca characterized by a shell that is divided from front to back into left and right valves. The valves are connected to one another at a hinge. Primitive bivalves

coleopteran: Annotated classification: Superfamily Scarabaeoidea (Lamellicornia) Antennae 10-segmented with last 3 to 7 segments forming a lamellate (platelike) club; body stout; larvae without cerci (appendages at end of abdomen); males and females often differ in appearance; outgrowths on head and thorax produce bizarre forms; produce sound (stridulate). 13 families,…

pseudopodial locomotion: Structures: …thin structures are known as lamellipodia; lamellipodia depend heavily on adhesion to a surface to propel cell movement. The term lamellipodia is sometimes also used to describe broad, flat pseudopodia in amoeba.

pseudopodial locomotion: Structures: …thin structures are known as lamellipodia; lamellipodia depend heavily on adhesion to a surface to propel cell movement. The term lamellipodia is sometimes also used to describe broad, flat pseudopodia in amoeba.

beard worm: …called Pogonophora was established for Lamellisabella. In 1955 a close affinity between Siboglinum and Lamellisabella was proved, and the members were placed in the phylum Pogonophora. However, beard worms were reexamined using DNA sequencing techniques in the late 1990s, and by 2001 the pognophorans, as well as the species of…

beard worm: …Archipelago, and the second species, Lamellisabella zachsi, which came from the Sea of Okhotsk, was described in 1933. In 1937 a class called Pogonophora was established for Lamellisabella. In 1955 a close affinity between Siboglinum and Lamellisabella was proved, and the members were placed in the phylum Pogonophora. However, beard…

Félicité Lamennais was a French priest and philosophical and political writer who attempted to combine political liberalism with Roman Catholicism after the French Revolution. A brilliant writer, he was an influential but controversial figure in the history of the church in France. Lamennais was

Félicité Lamennais was a French priest and philosophical and political writer who attempted to combine political liberalism with Roman Catholicism after the French Revolution. A brilliant writer, he was an influential but controversial figure in the history of the church in France. Lamennais was

lament, a nonnarrative poem expressing deep grief or sorrow over a personal loss. The form developed as part of the oral tradition along with heroic poetry and exists in most languages. Examples include Deor’s Lament, an early Anglo-Saxon poem, in which a minstrel regrets his change of status in

Lament for the Death of a Bullfighter, four-part poem by Federico García Lorca, written in Spanish as “Llanto por Ignacio Sánchez Mejías” (“Lament for Ignacio Sánchez Mejías”) and published in 1935. Each part of the poem is written in a different poetic metre, and each addresses a different aspect

George Grant: …with his pessimistic 97-page book, Lament for a Nation: The Defeat of Canadian Nationalism (1965).

Bion: …also been credited with the Lament for Adonis, in about 100 hexameters, whose overheated and highly coloured emotionalism may reflect the cult of Adonis, which was popular in the poet’s homeland. A Greek text and English translation, Bion of Smyrna: The Fragments and the Adonis, by J.D. Reed, was published…

Lament for the Death of a Bullfighter, four-part poem by Federico García Lorca, written in Spanish as “Llanto por Ignacio Sánchez Mejías” (“Lament for Ignacio Sánchez Mejías”) and published in 1935. Each part of the poem is written in a different poetic metre, and each addresses a different aspect

Lament for the Destruction of Ur, ancient Sumerian composition bewailing the collapse of the 3rd Dynasty of Ur (c. 2112–c. 2004 bc) in southern Mesopotamia. The lament, primarily composed of 11 “songs” or stanzas of unequal length, begins by enumerating some of the prominent cities and temples of

William Dunbar: …incidentally, mentioned with affection in The Lament for the Makaris, Dunbar’s reminiscence of dead poets. Dunbar’s most celebrated and shocking satire is the alliterative Tretis of the tua mariit Wemen and the Wedo (“Treatise of the Two Married Women and the Widow”).

Henry The Young King: …he was immortalized in the “Lament for the Young King” by the troubadour Bertran de Born.

counterpoint: The Baroque period: In his madrigal Lament of the Nymph, a single soprano voice is pitted against three male voices, and both in turn against an instrumental continuo (figured bass played, for example, by cello and harpsichord) in the background.

Modernism: …Gregis and in the decree Lamentabili Sane Exitu prepared by the Curia’s Holy Office and confirmed by Pius X. In order to ensure enforcement, the priest-scholar Umberto Benigni organized, through personal contacts with theologians, a nonofficial group of censors who would report to him those thought to be teaching condemned…

Gómez Manrique: A similar piece, entitled Lamentaciones hechas para Semana Santa (“Lamentations for Holy Week”), was a chronicle of the Crucifixion that achieved great popularity owing to its lyrical pathos.

Donatello: Late Florentine period: …of them is probably the Lamentation panel now in the Victoria and Albert Museum, London.

Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina: Music of Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina: In the Lamentations of Jeremiah he brings effective contrast to bear on the sections with Hebrew and Latin text, the former being melismatic (floridly vocalized) in style and the latter simpler and more solemn. His Magnificats are mainly in four sets of eight, each set comprising a…

The Lamentations of Jeremiah, Old Testament book belonging to the third section of the biblical canon, known as the Ketuvim, or Writings. In the Hebrew Bible, Lamentations stands with Ruth, the Song of Solomon, Ecclesiastes, and Esther and with them makes up the Megillot, five scrolls that are read

Claudio Monteverdi: The Gonzaga court: …except for the famous “Lamento,” which survives in various versions and is the first great operatic scena (i.e., a scene of especially dramatic effect, usually with arias).

Jan Kochanowski: …is the cycle Treny (1580; Laments), 19 poems inspired by the death of his beloved daughter, Urszula. Kochanowski was also the author of the first Polish Renaissance tragedy, Odprawa posłów greckich (1578; The Dismissal of the Grecian Envoys). With a plot from Homer’s Iliad and written in blank verse, it…

Palaungic languages: …or Danaw), Mang, and sometimes Lamet (which are often grouped in the Khmuic branch), as well as the many languages classified within the Palaung-Riang, Angkuic, and Waic subbranches of Palaungic.

Alexandre, count de Lameth was a French nobleman who was a leading advocate of constitutional monarchy in the early stages of the French Revolution of 1789. Lameth and his brothers, Charles and Théodore, fought for the colonists in the American Revolution. On returning to France, Lameth was

Yash Chopra: Career: …by Chandni (1989; “Moonlight”), but Lamhe (1991; “Moments”), which is considered by many critics to be his best film, did not achieve wide popularity. Among Chopra’s other noteworthy works as producer-director were Kaala Patthar (1979; “Black Stone”), Dil To Pagal Hai (1997; “The Heart Is Crazy”), and Veer-Zaara (2004), a…

stagecraft: Costume of the 18th and 19th centuries: Eugène Lami designed a muslin dress, an ethereal costume that became the new uniform of the classical dancer, for Marie Taglioni, the greatest dancer of her day.

Lamia, narrative poem in rhymed couplets by John Keats, written in 1819 and first published in 1820 in Lamia, Isabella, The Eve of St. Agnes, and Other Poems. Keats took the story from Anatomy of Melancholy (1621) by Robert Burton, who had discovered the subject in a work by the ancient Greek

Lamia, in Classical mythology, a female daemon who devoured children. The ancient commentaries on Aristophanes’ Peace say she was a queen of Libya who was beloved by Zeus. When Hera robbed her of her children from this union, Lamia killed every child she could get into her power. Athenian mothers

Lamía, city and dímos (municipality), Central Greece (Modern Greek: Stereá Elláda) periféreia (region), central Greece. It is located in the Sperkhiós River valley at the foot of the Óthrys Mountains, near the Gulf of Euboea (Évvoia), and is the seat of a bishop of the Greek Orthodox Church. Lamía

Lamiaceae, the mint family of flowering plants, with 236 genera and more than 7,000 species, the largest family of the order Lamiales. Lamiaceae is distributed nearly worldwide, and many species are cultivated for their fragrant leaves and attractive flowers. The family is particularly important to

Lamiales, mint order of flowering plants, including 24 families, 1,059 genera, and about 23,755 species. The main families in the order are Lamiaceae, Verbenaceae, Plantaginaceae, Scrophulariaceae, Orobanchaceae, Acanthaceae, Gesneriaceae, Bignoniaceae, Oleaceae, Pedaliaceae, and the small

Lamian War, conflict in which Athenian independence was lost despite efforts by Athens and its Aetolian allies to free themselves from Macedonian domination after the death of Alexander the Great. Athenian democratic leaders, headed by Hyperides, in conjunction with the Aetolian Confederacy,

Turkish literature: Forms and genres: A century later, Lâmiî Çelebi of Bursa initiated translations of the major Persian mesnevîs into Turkish. He was especially influenced by the 15th-century Persian scholar and poet Jāmī. Nevertheless, the major innovations in the narrative structure of the mesnevî created by the brilliant Chagatai poet ʿAlī Shīr Navāʾī,…

angiosperm: Annotated classification: Lamiids The following 8 orders. Order Boraginales Family: Boraginaceae. Order Garryales Families: Eucommiaceae, Garryaceae. Order