Carel van Mander was a Dutch Mannerist painter, poet, and writer whose fame is principally based upon a biographical work on painters—Het Schilder-boeck (1604; “The Book of Painters”)—that has become for the northern countries what Giorgio Vasari’s Lives of the Painters became for Italy. Born of a

Jane Mander was a writer noted for her realistic novels about her native land and her frank treatment of sexual issues. Mander grew up on the northern New Zealand frontier and had little formal schooling. At the age of 15 she taught primary school while completing her high-school education under a

Carel van Mander was a Dutch Mannerist painter, poet, and writer whose fame is principally based upon a biographical work on painters—Het Schilder-boeck (1604; “The Book of Painters”)—that has become for the northern countries what Giorgio Vasari’s Lives of the Painters became for Italy. Born of a

Jane Mander was a writer noted for her realistic novels about her native land and her frank treatment of sexual issues. Mander grew up on the northern New Zealand frontier and had little formal schooling. At the age of 15 she taught primary school while completing her high-school education under a

Mandeville, town, west-central Jamaica, located approximately 60 miles (100 km) west of Kingston. It is a mountain resort situated at an elevation of 2,061 feet (628 metres). Surrounded by stone-walled pastures, the old centre of Mandeville has the atmosphere of an English village. Nearby is a

Bernard de Mandeville was a Dutch prose writer and philosopher who won European fame with The Fable of the Bees. Mandeville graduated in medicine from the University of Leiden in March 1691 and started to practice but very soon went abroad. Arriving in England to learn the language, he “found the

Edward Montagu, 2nd earl of Manchester was a Parliamentarian general in the English Civil Wars. Son of the 1st earl, Henry Montagu, he was educated at Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge. He sat in Parliament from 1624 to 1626 and in the latter year was raised to the peerage as Baron Kimbolton, but he

Geoffrey de Mandeville, 1st earl of Essex , was the worst of a number of cruel and lawless barons during the reign of King Stephen of England. Geoffrey was a great landowner in Essex and elsewhere and hereditary constable of the Tower of London. He came to prominence in 1140 when Stephen, who could

Sir John Mandeville was the purported author of a collection of travelers’ tales from around the world, The Voyage and Travels of Sir John Mandeville, Knight, generally known as The Travels of Sir John Mandeville. The tales are selections from the narratives of genuine travelers, embellished with

28 Notable Women Cricketers: Smriti Mandhana: Smriti Mandhana is a consistent opening batter for India and has scored more than 7,000 international runs with more than 10 hundreds across formats. Her nine ODI hundreds are an Indian women’s record. She captained her state team Maharashtra in 2013 at just…

28 Notable Women Cricketers: Smriti Mandhana: Smriti Mandhana is a consistent opening batter for India and has scored more than 7,000 international runs with more than 10 hundreds across formats. Her nine ODI hundreds are an Indian women’s record. She captained her state team Maharashtra in 2013 at just…

Godarpura, pilgrimage centre, western Madhya Pradesh state, central India. It is focused mainly on the island of Mandhata in the Narmada River, about 40 miles (65 km) southeast of Indore. The town of Omkareshwar (or Omkarji) lies adjacent to the island on the south side of the river. Godarpura has

Mandi, town, central Himachal Pradesh state, northwestern India. It lies along the Beas River north-northwest of Shimla, the state capital. Mandi is a trade centre for agricultural produce and timber. Hand-loom weaving and handicrafts are the principal industries. The town also conducts a frontier

mandible, in anatomy, the movable lower jaw, consisting of a single bone or of completely fused bones in humans and other mammals. In birds, the mandible constitutes either the upper or the lower segment of the bill, and in invertebrates it is any of the various mouthparts that holds or bites food

Hymenoptera: Internal structure: The function of the mandibular glands, which open near the inner angle of the mandible, is not fully understood. However, in gall wasps their secretion is known to cause an abnormal growth of cells in leaves. Among social forms, this gland in the queen produces both the substance that…

human nervous system: Mandibular nerve: The mandibular nerve exits the cranial cavity via the foramen ovale and serves (1) the meninges and parts of the anterior cranial fossae (meningeal branches), (2) the temporomandibular joint, skin over part of the ear, and skin over the sides of the head…

jaw: In the subphylum Mandibulata (crustaceans, insects, and myriapods), the jaw limbs are the mandibles and, to some extent, the maxillae. Such limbs may be modified for other purposes, especially in insects. Horseshoe crabs (and perhaps the extinct trilobites) can chew food with toothed projections (gnathobases) at the bases…

insect: Critical appraisal: …lepidopterans, members of the family Micropterigidae are more primitive than existing trichopterans (caddisflies). Although some entomologists treat them as a distinct order (Zeugloptera), others place them in the order Lepidoptera.

mandibulofacial dysostosis, a rare, genetic disorder, inherited as an autosomal-dominant trait and characterized by some or all of the following: underdevelopment of the cheek and jaw bones, widely separated eyes, malformation of the lower eyelid and lack of eyelashes, malformation of the ear

dress: Colonial America: This was the mandilion, derived from the medieval tabard. It was now a loose jacket with free-hanging sleeves. It had been adopted by the Puritans, whose version was generally lined with cotton and fastened with hooks and eyes. By mid-century the buff coat had also become a staple…

Malinke, a West African people occupying parts of Guinea, Ivory Coast, Mali, Senegal, The Gambia, and Guinea-Bissau. They speak a Mandekan language of the Mande branch of the Niger-Congo family. The Malinke are divided into numerous independent groups dominated by a hereditary nobility, a feature

Richard Fleischer: Later work: Mandingo (1975) was a popular melodrama set in the antebellum South. Fleischer had less success with the biopic The Incredible Sarah (1976), which starred Glenda Jackson as the fabled actress Sarah Bernhardt, and Ashanti (1979), with Peter Ustinov as a slave trader who abducts the…

Malinke, a West African people occupying parts of Guinea, Ivory Coast, Mali, Senegal, The Gambia, and Guinea-Bissau. They speak a Mandekan language of the Mande branch of the Niger-Congo family. The Malinke are divided into numerous independent groups dominated by a hereditary nobility, a feature

Guinea: Ethnic groups and languages: …while in Upper Guinea the Malinke (Maninkakan) language is the most widespread. The Forest Region contains the linguistic areas, from east to west, of Kpelle (Guerzé), Loma (Toma), and Kisi.

Mande, group of peoples of western Africa, whose various Mande languages form a branch of the Niger-Congo language family. The Mande are located primarily on the savanna plateau of the western Sudan, although small groups of Mande origin, whose members no longer exhibit Mande cultural traits, are

Mali, trading empire that flourished in western Africa from the 13th to the 16th century. The Mali empire developed from the state of Kangaba, on the upper Niger River east of the Fouta Djallon, and is said to have been founded before 1000 ce. The Malinke inhabitants of Kangaba acted as middlemen

Mali: Relief: …feet (600 metres) in the Mandingue Plateau near Bamako and more than 2,100 feet (640 metres) near Satadougou.

Malinke, a West African people occupying parts of Guinea, Ivory Coast, Mali, Senegal, The Gambia, and Guinea-Bissau. They speak a Mandekan language of the Mande branch of the Niger-Congo family. The Malinke are divided into numerous independent groups dominated by a hereditary nobility, a feature

cassava, (Manihot esculenta), tuberous edible plant of the spurge family (Euphorbiaceae) from the American tropics. It is cultivated throughout the tropical world for its tuberous roots, from which cassava flour, breads, tapioca, a laundry starch, and an alcoholic beverage are derived. Cassava

Hindu temple, sacred space in Hinduism for devotional worship of Hindu deities. Temples are considered to be homes for deities and powerful locations where the divine and human realms are bridged. Unlike in places of worship in many Western religions, attendance at a Hindu temple is not a ritual

Salif Keita: Keita reciprocated by composing “Mandjou,” a praise song for Touré and the people of Mali. The song was accompanied melodically by guitars, organ, and saxophone—a combination that had by that time become Keita’s signature sound.

Mandla, town, eastern Madhya Pradesh state, central India. It lies at an elevation of 1,768 feet (539 metres) above sea level, on an upland plateau at a U-shaped bend in the Narmada River where it is joined by the Banjar River. Mandla was formerly the capital of the Garh-Mandla Gond kingdom. More

Mandu, ruined city, southwestern Madhya Pradesh state, central India. It lies at an elevation of 2,079 feet (634 metres) above sea level in the Vindhya Range, 38 miles (60 km) southwest of Indore. Mandu is thought to have been founded in the 6th century ce by an individual named Munjadeva. It was

Japan: Muromachi government structure: The official business of the Mandokoro was to control the finances of the bakufu; and later the Ise family, who were hereditary retainers of the Ashikaga, came to inherit this office. The Samurai-dokoro, besides handling legal judgments, was entrusted with the control of the capital. Leading officials called shoshi who…

mandora, small, pear-shaped stringed instrument of the lute family. It was derived from earlier gittern or rebec models and acquired its name in the 16th century. Originally, the body and neck of the mandora were carved from a single piece of wood. It had a back-curving sickle-shaped pegbox with

mandolin, small stringed musical instrument in the lute family. It evolved in the 18th century in Italy and Germany from the 16th-century mandora. The instrument’s modern form and proportions were strongly influenced by the maker Pasquale Vinaccia of Naples (1806–82). The mandolin has four pairs of

mandolin, small stringed musical instrument in the lute family. It evolved in the 18th century in Italy and Germany from the 16th-century mandora. The instrument’s modern form and proportions were strongly influenced by the maker Pasquale Vinaccia of Naples (1806–82). The mandolin has four pairs of

Jodhpur: The contemporary city: The 4th-century ruins of Mandor, the ancient capital of Marwar, lie immediately to the north. In addition to the fort, Jodhpur’s other notable buildings include the Umaid Bhawan Palace, the home of the Jodhpur royal family and also a luxury hotel, and the white marble Jaswant Thada, a memorial…

mandora, small, pear-shaped stringed instrument of the lute family. It was derived from earlier gittern or rebec models and acquired its name in the 16th century. Originally, the body and neck of the mandora were carved from a single piece of wood. It had a back-curving sickle-shaped pegbox with

mandorla, (Italian: “almond”), in religious art, almond-shaped aureole of light surrounding the entire figure of a holy person; it was used in Christian art usually for the figure of Christ and is also found in the art of Buddhism. Its origins are uncertain. The Western mandorla first appears in

Niccolò Machiavelli: The Art of War and other writings of Niccolò Machiavelli: …Castracani of Lucca (1520) and The Mandrake (1518; La Mandragola). The former is a sketch of Castruccio Castracani (1281–1328), the Ghibelline ruler of Lucca (a city near Florence), who is presented as the greatest man of postclassical times. It concludes with a list of witty remarks attributed to Castruccio but…

mandrake, (genus Mandragora), genus of six species of hallucinogenic plants in the nightshade family (Solanaceae) native to the Mediterranean region and the Himalayas. The plants are particularly noted for their potent roots, which somewhat resemble the human form and have a long history of use in

mandrake: The best-known species, Mandragora officinarum, has long been known for its poisonous properties. In ancient times it was used as a narcotic and an aphrodisiac, and it was also believed to have certain magical powers. Its root was thought to be in the power of dark earth spirits.…

mandrake, (genus Mandragora), genus of six species of hallucinogenic plants in the nightshade family (Solanaceae) native to the Mediterranean region and the Himalayas. The plants are particularly noted for their potent roots, which somewhat resemble the human form and have a long history of use in

mayapple, (Podophyllum peltatum), perennial herbaceous plant of the family Berberidaceae (order Ranunculales) native to eastern North America, most commonly in shady areas on moist, rich soil. Its plant is 30 to 45 cm (12 to 18 inches) tall. Its dark green, umbrella-like leaves, nearly 30 cm

Rubem Fonseca: …is the short story “Mandrake,” from his collection of stories titled O cobrador (1979; “The Collector”). Mandrake appeared again in the murder mystery A grande arte (1983; High Art), in which he gets involved in a perilous investigation of a prostitute’s murder. Fonseca also wrote the screenplay of the…

Niccolò Machiavelli: The Art of War and other writings of Niccolò Machiavelli: …Castracani of Lucca (1520) and The Mandrake (1518; La Mandragola). The former is a sketch of Castruccio Castracani (1281–1328), the Ghibelline ruler of Lucca (a city near Florence), who is presented as the greatest man of postclassical times. It concludes with a list of witty remarks attributed to Castruccio but…

methaqualone, sedative-hypnotic drug that was historically used in the treatment of insomnia and anxiety and that became widely known as a recreational drug with a dangerously high potential for addiction. Today, in most countries worldwide, methaqualone has no accepted medical use and is illegal

mandrel, cylinder, usually steel, used to support a partly machined workpiece while it is being finished, or as a core around which parts may be bent or other material forged or molded. As a support during machining, the mandrel is usually slightly tapered so that when firmly pressed into a

Barbara Mandrell is an American musician, ranked as one of country music’s most popular performers in the late 1970s and ’80s. Mandrell was also a successful actress, making regular appearances on television programs and starring in films and commercials. Mandrell began singing and playing musical

mandrill, (Mandrillus sphinx), colourful and primarily ground-dwelling monkey that inhabits the rainforests of equatorial Africa from the Sanaga River (Cameroon) southward to the Congo River. The mandrill is stout-bodied and has a short tail, prominent brow ridges, and small, close-set, sunken

drill, (Mandrillus leucophaeus), large short-tailed monkey found from southeastern Nigeria to western Cameroon and on Bioko Island. As a result of hunting and deforestation, the drill is now highly endangered. The drill, like the related mandrill, was formerly thought to be a forest-dwelling

mandrill, (Mandrillus sphinx), colourful and primarily ground-dwelling monkey that inhabits the rainforests of equatorial Africa from the Sanaga River (Cameroon) southward to the Congo River. The mandrill is stout-bodied and has a short tail, prominent brow ridges, and small, close-set, sunken

Henrik Pontoppidan: His final novel, Mands Himmerig (1927; “Man’s Heaven”), describes neutral Denmark during World War I and attacks carefree materialism. His last important work was the four volumes of memoirs that he published between 1933 and 1940 and that appeared in a collected and abridged version, entitled Undervejs til…

Mandsaur, city, northwestern Madhya Pradesh state, west-central India. The city is situated on an upland plateau along the Sau River, a tributary of the Chambal River. Mandsaur is of considerable antiquity. Just to the southeast are monolithic stone pillars with inscriptions referring to the

Mandu, ruined city, southwestern Madhya Pradesh state, central India. It lies at an elevation of 2,079 feet (634 metres) above sea level in the Vindhya Range, 38 miles (60 km) southwest of Indore. Mandu is thought to have been founded in the 6th century ce by an individual named Munjadeva. It was

om: …subject matter of one, the Mandukya Upanishad. It is used in the practice of Yoga and is related to techniques of auditory meditation. In the Puranas the syllable is put to sectarian use; thus, the Shaivites mark the lingam, or sign of Shiva, with the symbol for om, whereas the…

Advaita: … thinker Gaudapada, author of the Mandukya-karika, a commentary in verse form on the Mandukya Upanishad.

Mandurah, city, southwestern Western Australia. It lies at the entrance to Peel Inlet, 40 miles (65 km) south of Perth. It was founded in 1895 and is located on the original land tract granted in 1829 to Thomas Peel, a cousin of the British prime minister Robert Peel, for a grandiose but

Manduria, town, Puglia (Apulia) regione, southeastern Italy. Of pre-Roman origin, it is the site of a well that was probably a pagan sanctuary and was named for Pliny the Elder, who mentioned it in his writings. The Imperiali and Giannuzzi palaces are notable monuments; the town’s cathedral has a

bandurria, stringed musical instrument of the lute family, with a design derived from the cittern and guitar. The modern bandurria has a small, pear-shaped wooden body, a short neck, and a flat back, with five to seven (but usually six) paired courses of strings that are tuned g♯–c♯′–f♯′–b′–e″–a″

Mandya, city, southern Karnataka state, southern India. It lies about 26 miles (41 km) northeast of Mysuru (Mysore) on the railway between Chamrajnagar (south) and Bengaluru (Bangalore; northeast). The city is at the centre of a sugarcane region, and its processing plants supply the sugar residues

mandyas, long, full, purple or blue cloak worn as a processional garment by bishops and some other dignitaries in the Eastern Orthodox churches. It is open down the front but fastened at the neck and at the hem. At the point where the neck and hem are fastened, the bishop’s mandyas is decorated

lion: General characteristics: …male’s outstanding characteristic is his mane, which varies between different individuals and populations. It may be entirely lacking; it may fringe the face; or it may be full and shaggy, covering the back of the head, neck, and shoulders and continuing onto the throat and chest to join a fringe…

western Africa: The wider influence of the Sudanic kingdoms: …yet another Mande group, the Mane, who advanced westward parallel to the coast from Liberia onward. These were military bands that systematically attacked and overcame the villages of each group they came across. Some of them would stay behind to organize these conquests into small kingdoms, while others, reinforced by…

Nile crocodile: Attacks on people: …per year; however, because many attacks occur in rural areas and may go unreported, the true figure may be higher. Most attacks on people occur near the water’s edge, where people wash their clothes, board and exit fishing boats, or walk along the shore. Children are considered at greatest risk…

aardwolf, (Proteles cristatus), insectivorous carnivore that resembles a small striped hyena. The shy, mainly nocturnal aardwolf lives on the arid plains of Africa. There are two geographically separate populations, one centred in South Africa and the other in East Africa. The aardwolf, whose name

maned rat, (Lophiomys imhausi), a long-haired and bushy-tailed East African rodent that resembles a porcupine and is named for its mane of long, coarse black-and-white-banded hairs that begins at the top of the head and extends beyond the base of the tail. The maned rat is a large rodent (up to 2.7

sloth: Three-toed sloths: …in northern South America; the maned sloth (B. torquatus) is restricted to the small Atlantic forest of southeastern Brazil; and the pygmy three-toed sloth (B. pygmaeus) inhabits the Isla Escudo de Veraguas, a small Caribbean island off the northwestern coast of Panama.

maned wolf, (Chrysocyon brachyurus), rare large-eared member of the dog family (Canidae) found in remote plains areas of central South America. The maned wolf has a foxlike head, long reddish brown fur, very long blackish legs, and an erectile mane. Its length ranges from 125 to 130 cm (50 to 52

perciform: Annotated classification: Family Caristiidae (manefishes) Rare black pomfretlike fish from midwater depth of 1,000 metres (3,300 feet) over much deeper bottoms; dorsal fin begins far forward over end of cranium, high and like a mane; pelvic fins very long; about 5 oceanic species. Family Monodactylidae (fingerfishes) Includes family

Édouard Maunick: In Les Manèges de la mer (1964; “Taming the Sea”), he lamented his lonely exile and the persecution of his people. Mascaret ou le livre de la mer et de la mort (1966; “Mascaret or The Book of the Sea and of Death”) reiterated his sense…

Australian Aboriginal peoples: Leadership and social control: …of this sort being the Makarrata (magarada, or maneiag) of Arnhem Land. During a ritualized meeting, the accused ran the gauntlet of his accusers, who threw spears at him; a wounded thigh was taken as proof of guilt.

Sam Manekshaw was the first Indian military officer to be promoted to the rank of field marshal, the highest rank that can be attained in the Indian Army. Manekshaw joined the British Indian Army in 1934 and served in several notable conflicts including World War II, the 1947 India-Pakistan War,

Mozambique: The rise of the zimbabwe civilizations: The zimbabwe settlement at Manekweni, about 30 miles (50 km) from the Indian Ocean in southern Mozambique, replicated in miniature the social and settlement patterns of the highland interior. Manekweni was a center for agriculture, cattle keeping, and the gold trade from about the 12th to the 18th century.

Solomon Islands: 2021 unrest, 2022 security pact with China, and 2024 general election: Parliament later elected Jeremiah Manele to the post; he had previously served as Sogavare’s foreign minister, among other positions, and had been involved in strengthening the country’s relationship with China.

Nkongsamba: …lies at the foot of Mount Manengouba (7,861 feet [2,396 metres]).

Roman religion: The earliest divinities: The Di Manes, collective powers (later “spirits”) of the dead, may mean “the good people,” an anxious euphemism like the Greek name of “the kindly ones” for the Furies. As a member of the family or clan, however, the dead man or woman would, more specifically, be…

Mani was an Iranian founder of the Manichaean religion, a church advocating a dualistic doctrine that viewed the world as a fusion of spirit and matter, the original contrary principles of good and evil, respectively. Before Mani’s birth, his father, Patek, a native of Hamadan, had joined a

Roger Fry: The uproar over “Manet and the Post-Impressionists” was considerable; it removed Fry from the ranks of traditional and academic critics and propelled him into the vanguard of art criticism. A second exhibition of a similar nature opened in October 1912.

Édouard Manet was a French painter who broke new ground by defying traditional techniques of representation and by choosing subjects from the events and circumstances of his own time. His Le Déjeuner sur l’herbe (Luncheon on the Grass), exhibited in 1863 at the Salon des Refusés, aroused the

Hun Manet is a Cambodian politician who became prime minister in 2023. He succeeded his father, Hun Sen, who ruled for almost four decades, from 1985 to 2023. Hun Manet is the eldest son of five children born to Hun Sen and Bun Rany. Hun Sen later said in public speeches that Hun Manet is possibly

Manetho was an Egyptian priest who wrote a history of Egypt in Greek, probably commissioned by Ptolemy II Philadelphus (285–246). Manetho’s history has not survived except for some fragments of narrative in Josephus’s treatise “Against Apion” and tables of dynasties, kings, and lengths of reigns

Alexander and Lucie Manette, fictional characters, French doctor and his daughter in the novel A Tale of Two Cities by Charles

Filippo Brunelleschi: …admiring younger contemporary identified as Antonio di Tuccio Manetti.

humanism: Realism: …evident in the work of Giannozzo Manetti, Francesco Filelfo, and Paracelsus; it is embodied eloquently in Montaigne’s final essay, “Of Experience.” Humanistic tradition, rather than revolutionary inspiration, would lead Francis Bacon to assert in the early 17th century that the passions should become objects of systematic investigation. The realism of…

strategy: Strategy in the age of total war: Only the British attempted large-scale maneuvers: by launching campaigns in several peripheral theatres, including the Middle East, Greece, and most notably Turkey. These all failed, although the last—a naval attack and then two amphibious assaults on the Gallipoli Peninsula (see Gallipoli Campaign)—had moments of promise. These reflected, at any rate,…

naval architecture: Maneuverability: All self-propelled craft, of whatever size, shape, form, or type, are required to steer a reasonably straight course in both smooth and rough water, to turn so as to change course or heading or to take emergency evasive action, to start, stop and back,…

rocket and missile system: Maneuverable warheads: Maneuvering warheads, or MaRVs, were first integrated into the U.S. Pershing II IRBMs deployed in Europe from 1984 until they were dismantled under the terms of the INF Treaty. The warhead of the Pershing II contained a radar area guidance (Radag) system that compared the…

Memphis, city and capital of ancient Egypt and an important centre during much of Egyptian history. Memphis is located south of the Nile River delta, on the west bank of the river, and about 15 miles (24 km) south of modern Cairo. Closely associated with the ancient city’s site are the cemeteries,

Muṣṭafā Luṭfī al-Manfalūṭī was an essayist, short-story writer, and pioneer of modern Arabic prose. Al-Manfalūṭī was born of a half-Turkish, half-Arab family claiming descent from Ḥusayn, grandson of the Prophet Muhammad. He received the traditional Muslim theological education at al-Azhar

Memphis, city and capital of ancient Egypt and an important centre during much of Egyptian history. Memphis is located south of the Nile River delta, on the west bank of the river, and about 15 miles (24 km) south of modern Cairo. Closely associated with the ancient city’s site are the cemeteries,

PFLAG: …in 1972 when its founder, Jeanne Manford, walked with her openly gay son, Morty, in the Christopher Street Liberation Day Parade. Angered by the fact that the police had done nothing to help her son after he had been beaten at a gay rights protest two months before, she carried…

Manfred was the effective king of Sicily from 1258, during a period of civil wars and succession disputes between imperial claimants and the house of Anjou. The son of the Holy Roman emperor Frederick II, Manfred became vicar of Italy and Sicily for his half brother Conrad IV but soon began seeking

Lord Byron: Life and career: …for the Faustian poetic drama Manfred (1817), whose protagonist reflects Byron’s own brooding sense of guilt and the wider frustrations of the Romantic spirit doomed by the reflection that man is “half dust, half deity, alike unfit to sink or soar.”

British Invasion: … (“House of the Rising Sun”), Manfred Mann (“Do Wah Diddy Diddy”), Petula Clark (“Downtown”), Freddie and the Dreamers (“I’m Telling You Now”), Wayne Fontana and the Mindbenders (“Game of Love”), Herman’s Hermits (“Mrs. Brown You’ve Got a Lovely Daughter”), the Rolling Stones (“[I

Ford Madox Brown: …Paris during 1840–43, such as Manfred on the Jungfrau (c. 1840) and Parisina’s Sleep (1842). Already concerned with the accurate representation of natural phenomena, he drew from corpses in University College Hospital in London when painting his Prisoner of Chillon (1843). During a visit to Italy in 1845, he met…

Bud Selig: …replaced as MLB commissioner by Rob Manfred, formerly the chief operating officer of MLB. Selig was inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown, New York, in 2017.

Manfred was the effective king of Sicily from 1258, during a period of civil wars and succession disputes between imperial claimants and the house of Anjou. The son of the Holy Roman emperor Frederick II, Manfred became vicar of Italy and Sicily for his half brother Conrad IV but soon began seeking

Utrecht school: …the work of his follower Bartholomeo Manfredi (1580–1620/21), especially his half-length figural groups, which were boldly derived from Caravaggio and occasionally passed off as the deceased master’s works.