Anatolia: Origins and ascendancy: …settlements were those of the Mangūjakids, who came to exercise control over Divriği (Tephrike), Erzincan (Keltzine), and Kemah (Camcha) until 1252; the Saltuqids, who ruled in Erzurum (Theodosiopolis) until 1201; and, most importantly, the Dānishmendids, who were centred in Sivas, Kayseri (Caesarea Cappadociae), and Amasya (Amaseia) until 1177. In western…

United States presidential election of 1836: Candidates and issues: Willie P. Mangum—each of whom served as the sole Whig presidential candidate on the ballot for a state or group of states.

Tjipto Mangunkusumo was an early 20th-century Indonesian nationalist leader whose resistance to Dutch colonial rule brought him exile and long imprisonment. Tjipto Mangunkusumo was among the first Indonesian leaders to abandon the cultural approach of most early nationalist groups, which promoted

printmaking: Japan: The 15 volumes of the Hokusai manga (“Hokusai’s Sketches”), published between 1814 and 1878, are fascinating work, for in these rather informal woodcuts the artist gives a comprehensive record of Japanese life and culture. Of all the Japanese masters, the universal genius of Hokusai had the greatest impact on European…

African music: History: … of the Makonde or the mangwilo of the Shirima—are virtually identical instruments.

Mangghystaū, oblysy (region), southwestern Kazakhstan, east of the Caspian Sea. The region consists of vast flatlands, with some depressions (the Batyr Depression is 425 feet [130 m] below sea level). It is rich in petroleum and natural gas, especially in the oil and gas region of the Mangghystaū

Caspian Sea: Submarine features: …that belt, known as the Mangyshlak Bank, the middle Caspian, 53,250 square miles (137,917 square km) in area, forms an irregular depression with an abrupt western slope and a gentler eastern gradient. The shallowest portion—a shelf with depths reaching 330 to 460 feet (100 to 140 metres)—extends along both shores,…

Kazakhstan: Relief: …the Ustyurt Plateau and the Tupqaraghan (formerly Mangyshlak) Peninsula jutting into the Caspian Sea. Vast amounts of sand form the Greater Barsuki and Aral Karakum deserts near the Aral Sea, the broad Betpaqdala Desert of the interior, and the Muyunkum and Kyzylkum deserts in the south. Most of these desert…

Han Yongun was a Korean Buddhist poet and religious and political leader. Han participated in the famous Tonghak Revolt of 1894, a social reform movement directed by leaders of the apocalyptic Tonghak sect. With the failure of the movement, Han escaped to Mount Solok, where he began to study

Manhattan, city, seat (1857) of Riley county and partly in Pottawatomie county, northeastern Kansas, U.S. The city lies where the Big Blue and Kansas rivers meet, there dammed to form Tuttle Creek Lake, on the northern edge of the rolling Flint Hills. The village was founded in 1855 when the

Manhattan, borough of New York City, coextensive with New York county, in southeastern New York state, U.S. The borough, mainly on Manhattan Island, spills over into the Marble Hill section on the mainland and includes a number of islets in the East River. It is bounded by the Hudson River (west),

Woody Allen: The 1970s: Allen rebounded with Manhattan (1979). Lyrically photographed (in black-and-white, by Gordon Willis), deftly written (by Allen and Brickman, whose screenplay was nominated for an Academy Award), and wonderfully scored (with music by George Gershwin), it was an ode to the city that Allen loved. The plot centred on…

Manhattan, cocktail typically made with rye whiskey or bourbon, vermouth, and bitters and traditionally served with a maraschino cherry as a garnish. The Manhattan, regarded as the first modern cocktail, is considered a timeless classic and is one of the most popular mixed drinks worldwide. There

Jennifer Egan: The noir thriller Manhattan Beach (2017) is largely set in 1940s New York City and centres on several interconnected characters, notably a woman who is the first female diver at the Brooklyn Naval Yard. In 2022 Egan published The Candy House, a sequel to A Visit from the…

Manhattan Bridge, suspension bridge over the East River connecting southeastern Manhattan with western Brooklyn in New York City. The bridge first opened to traffic in 1909, eight years after construction started. The bridge is newer than the Brooklyn Bridge and the Williamsburg Bridge, the other

bay window: An interesting example is Jenney’s Manhattan Building (Chicago, 1890), which displays both polygonal bay windows and bow windows.

The Chase Manhattan Corporation: …on September 1, 1799, the Bank of the Manhattan Company was opened at 40 Wall Street. In 1808 the company sold its waterworks to the city and turned completely to banking. Although growth was steady, the bank’s real expansion began after the onset of the 20th century. In 1918 it…

Jay Gould: …1886 he had acquired the Manhattan Elevated Railroad, which held a monopoly over New York City’s elevated railways. Gould remained ruthless, unscrupulous, and friendless to the end and died leaving a fortune estimated at $77 million.

Antler orogeny: The term Antler Orogenic Belt, and formerly Manhattan Geanticline, is applied to the deformed rocks produced by this orogeny.

construction: Early steel-frame high-rises: …York City with the 26-story Manhattan Life Building (1894). The Singer Building (1907) by the architect Ernest Flagg rose to 47 stories (184 meters or 612 feet), Cass Gilbert’s Woolworth Building (1913) attained a height of 238 meters (792 feet) at 55 stories, and Shreve, Lamb & Harmon’s 102-story Empire…

John Dillinger: …showing of the crime drama Manhattan Melodrama (1934), Dillinger emerged to find FBI agents waiting for him. He attempted to escape but was shot to death in the alley.

Woody Allen: The 1990s and sexual-abuse allegations: The lighthearted Manhattan Murder Mystery (1993) featured the return of Keaton as Allen’s leading lady, playing an amateur sleuth who stumbles into a Rear Window-like scenario in which she suspects that a neighbour has committed a murder. Bullets over Broadway (1994), which starred John Cusack as a…

Faith Baldwin: …Lou (1931), District Nurse (1932), Manhattan Nights (1937), and He Married a Doctor (1944). Her last completed novel, Adam’s Eden, appeared in 1977.

Manhattan Project, U.S. government research project (1942–45) that produced the first atomic bombs. See Britannica’s interactive timeline of the Manhattan Project. American scientists, many of them refugees from fascist regimes in Europe, took steps in 1939 to organize a project to exploit the

John Dos Passos: His novel Manhattan Transfer (1925) is a rapid-transit rider’s view of the metropolis. The narrative shuttles back and forth between the lives of more than a dozen characters in nervous, jerky, impressionistic flashes.

Grace Slick: Jefferson Starship, Starship, and later years: …released her first solo album, Manhole, in January 1974. The same year, Slick and Kantner transitioned Jefferson Airplane into a spinoff band called Jefferson Starship. Slick struggled with alcohol dependency during this period, and Kantner asked her to leave the band in 1978; she rejoined in 1981. Kantner left Jefferson…

sewer: Access structures called manholes are located over the pipeline at frequent intervals for pipe cleaning and repair services as well as for sampling and flow measurement. The manholes typically are cylindrical in shape and are made of brick, concrete, or concrete block; a circular cast-iron frame and cover…

Michel Leiris: …the autobiographical L’Âge d’homme (Manhood), which attracted much attention and was reissued in 1946. Self-deprecating and punitive, the work catalogs Leiris’ physical and moral flaws; he introduced the 1946 edition with an essay, “De la littérature considérée comme une tauromachie” (1946; The Autobiographer as Torero), comparing the courage required…

John Woo: …self-referential cop thriller Zhuibu (2017; Manhunt).

Michael Mann: …The Keep (1983), he directed Manhunter (1986), a gritty police procedural based on Red Dragon, the first in a series of Thomas Harris novels featuring the charismatic serial killer Hannibal Lecter.

Mani was an Iranian founder of the Manichaean religion, a church advocating a dualistic doctrine that viewed the world as a fusion of spirit and matter, the original contrary principles of good and evil, respectively. Before Mani’s birth, his father, Patek, a native of Hamadan, had joined a

Máni, peninsula of the southern Peloponnese (Modern Greek: Pelopónnisos), in the nomós (department) of Laconia (Lakonía), Greece. The area has been set aside as a historical district by the government. The rugged, rather isolated peninsula, 28 miles (45 km) long, is an extension of the Taïyetos

prayer wheel, in Tibetan Buddhism, a mechanical device the use of which is equivalent to the recitation of a mantra (sacred syllable or verse). The prayer wheel consists of a hollow metal cylinder, often beautifully embossed, mounted on a rod handle and containing a tightly wound scroll printed

mania, in psychiatric terminology, any abnormal or unusual state of excitement, as in the manic phase of bipolar

computational biology: Underpinnings of computational biology: …same time, a computer called MANIAC, built at the Los Alamos National Laboratory in New Mexico for weapons research, was applied to such purposes as modeling hypothesized genetic codes. (Pioneering computers had been used even earlier in the 1950s for numeric calculations in population genetics, but the first instances of…

Sally Field: …appeared in the Netflix series Maniac (2018), portraying the mother of a mad scientist. In 2020 she starred in Dispatches from Elsewhere, a series inspired by an alternate-reality game. She also appeared in the HBO series Winning Time: The Rise of the Lakers Dynasty (2022– ), about the famed NBA…

Byzantine Empire: Arrival of new enemies: …general of the post-Macedonian era, George Maniaces, who was recalled by Constantine IX and killed as a pretender to the throne. The Normans thereafter made steady progress in Italy. Led by Robert Guiscard, they carried all before them; in April 1071, Bari, the last remaining Byzantine stronghold, fell after a…

Daniel-Johnson Dam, dam on the Manicouagan River in Quebec province, Canada, one of the world’s largest multiple-arch buttress dams. An iconic symbol of Québécois ingenuity, the impressive dam supplies water to the nearby Manic-5 and Manic-5-PA power stations to generate hydroelectric power for the

bipolar disorder, mental disorder characterized by recurrent depression or mania with abrupt or gradual onsets and recoveries. There are several types of bipolar disorder, in which the states of mania and depression may alternate cyclically, one mood state may predominate over the other, or they

bipolar disorder, mental disorder characterized by recurrent depression or mania with abrupt or gradual onsets and recoveries. There are several types of bipolar disorder, in which the states of mania and depression may alternate cyclically, one mood state may predominate over the other, or they

Manyika, one of the cluster of Shona-speaking peoples inhabiting extreme eastern Zimbabwe and adjacent areas of interior Mozambique south of the Púnguè River. The Manyika have existed as an ethnic group discrete from other Shona groups only since the 1930s. Historically, the Manyika recognized a

palm: Distribution: The genus Manicaria (bussu palm) occupies similar habitats in some New World areas. Palms are dominant in another type of vegetation on the landward fringe of mangrove swamps in the western Malay Archipelago, where Oncosperma tigillarium and Calamus erinaceus (and, in Borneo, Daemonorops longispathus) are found. In…

Manichaeism, dualistic religious movement founded in Persia in the 3rd century ce by Mani, who was known as the “Apostle of Light” and supreme “Illuminator.” Although Manichaeism was long considered a Christian heresy, it was a religion in its own right that, because of the coherence of its

Manichaeism, dualistic religious movement founded in Persia in the 3rd century ce by Mani, who was known as the “Apostle of Light” and supreme “Illuminator.” Although Manichaeism was long considered a Christian heresy, it was a religion in its own right that, because of the coherence of its

Mani was an Iranian founder of the Manichaean religion, a church advocating a dualistic doctrine that viewed the world as a fusion of spirit and matter, the original contrary principles of good and evil, respectively. Before Mani’s birth, his father, Patek, a native of Hamadan, had joined a

monochord, musical instrument consisting of a single string stretched over a calibrated sound box and having a movable bridge. The string was held in place over the properly positioned bridge with one hand and plucked with a plectrum held in the other. The monochord was used in Greece by the 6th

Daniel-Johnson Dam: Dimensions and facilities: …crater impact lake, the annular Manicouagan Reservoir, also known as the Eye of Quebec, completely surrounds René-Levasseur Island, the second largest lake island in the world.

Manicouagan River, river in the Côte-Nord (North Shore) region, eastern Quebec province, Canada. Rising near the Labrador border, the river drains lakes Muskalagan and Manicouagan southward into the mouth of the St. Lawrence River near Baie-Comeau and Hauterive. It is more than 550 km (340 miles)

history of Europe: The people of the Metal Ages: Manicure equipment was common in Late Bronze and Early Iron Age graves, and the mirror was a favoured object among both the Celtic people and Scythian warriors. These objects and evidence from well-preserved graves show people as well-groomed individuals who shaved regularly, braided or cut…

pangolin, (family Manidae), any of about eight species of armoured placental mammals of the family Manidae (order Pholidota). The name pangolin, from the Malay meaning “rolling over,” refers to this animal’s habit of curling into a ball when threatened. Pangolins—which are typically classified in

maniera, in art criticism, certain stylistic characteristics, primarily in Mannerist painting (see Mannerism). In the 14th and 15th centuries, manière in France and maniera in Italy designated refined, courtly manners and sophisticated bearing. The name was first applied to art—apparently to praise

printmaking: Dotted print (criblé): A traditional technique of the goldsmith long before engraving for printing purposes was developed, criblé was also used to make the earliest metal prints on paper. Criblé was a method of dotting the plate with a hand punch; with punch and hammer; with a…

mezzotint, a method of engraving a metal plate by systematically and evenly pricking its entire surface with innumerable small holes that will hold ink and, when printed, produce large areas of tone. The pricking of the plate was originally done with a roulette (a small wheel covered with sharp

Mannerism, (from maniera, “manner,” or “style”), artistic style that predominated in Italy from the end of the High Renaissance in the 1520s to the beginnings of the Baroque style around 1590. The Mannerist style originated in Florence and Rome and spread to northern Italy and, ultimately, to much

dream: Psychoanalytic interpretations: …dream details were called their manifest content; the presumably repressed wishes being expressed were called the latent content. Freud suggested that the dreamer kept himself from waking and avoided unpleasant awareness of repressed wishes by disguising them as bizarre manifest content in an effort called dreamwork. He held that impulses…

The Communist Manifesto, (“Manifesto of the Communist Party”), pamphlet (1848) written by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels to serve as the platform of the Communist League. It became one of the principal programmatic statements of the European socialist and communist parties in the 19th and early

Manifest Destiny, in U.S. history, the supposed inevitability of the continued territorial expansion of the boundaries of the United States westward to the Pacific and beyond. Before the American Civil War (1861–65), the idea of Manifest Destiny was used to validate continental acquisitions in the

hazardous-waste management: The manifest system: In the United States and other countries a key feature of regulations pertaining to waste transport is the “cradle-to-grave” manifest system, which monitors the journey of hazardous waste from its point of origin to the point of final disposal. The manifest system…

Filippo Tommaso Marinetti: …the publication of Marinetti’s “Manifeste de Futurisme” in the Paris newspaper Le Figaro (February 20, 1909; see Manifesto of Futurism). His ideas were quickly adopted in Italy, where the writers Aldo Palazzeschi, Corrado Govoni, and Ardengo Soffici were among his most important disciples.

André Breton: In 1924 Breton’s Manifeste du surréalisme defined Surrealism as “pure psychic automatism, by which it is intended to express…the real process of thought. It is the dictation of thought, free from any control by the reason and of any aesthetic or moral preoccupation.” Surrealism aimed to eliminate the…

Antonin Artaud: Artaud’s Manifeste du théâtre de la cruauté (1932; “Manifesto of the Theatre of Cruelty”) and Le Théâtre et son double (1938; The Theatre and Its Double) call for a communion between actor and audience in a magic exorcism; gestures, sounds, unusual scenery, and lighting combine to…

metabolic disease: Inheritance: Such females are known as manifesting heterozygotes. Examples of X-linked disorders include ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency (an enzyme deficiency resulting in high blood levels of ammonia and impaired urea formation), X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (a disorder that is characterized by progressive mental and physical deterioration and adrenal insufficiency), and Lesch-Nyhan syndrome (a disorder…

manifesto, a document publicly declaring the position or program of its issuer. A manifesto advances a set of ideas, opinions, or views, but it can also lay out a plan of action. While it can address any topic, it most often concerns art, literature, or politics. Manifestos are generally written in

Ferhat Abbas: …et de la Liberté (AML; Friends of the Manifesto and Liberty), which envisioned an Algerian autonomous republic federated to a renewed, anti-colonial France. After the suppression of the AML and a year’s imprisonment, in 1946 he founded the Union Démocratique du Manifeste Algérien (UDMA; Democratic Union of the Algerian Manifesto),…

Portuguese literature: From monarchy to republic: …who provoked scandal with his Manifesto anti-Dantas (1915), which ridiculed the doctor and politician Júlio Dantas, and his “Ultimatum futurista ás gerações portuguezas do Seculo XX” (1917; “Futurist Ultimatum to the Portuguese Generations of the 20th Century”). Almada Negreiros’s work exudes independence and spontaneity. His poetry—the primary collection of which…

Brazilian literature: Modernismo and regionalism: …nation, Andrade’s Manifesto antropófago (1928; Cannibal Manifesto) formulated the most lasting original concept to emerge from Brazilian Modernismo. Drawing from the French Renaissance writer Michel de Montaigne, Andrade metaphorically “digested” the practice of cannibalism and transformed it into a cultural process of the foreign being swallowed for the purpose of…

Brazilian literature: Modernismo and regionalism: In his primitivist Manifesto da poesia pau-brasil (1924; “Manifesto of Brazilwood Poetry”), Andrade inverts the notion of cultural imitation through imports by promoting poetry for “export,” in homage to Brazil’s first natural product. He also published a coming-of-age novel, Memórias sentimentais de João Miramar (1924; Sentimental Memoirs of…

Latin American architecture: Brazil: Warchavchik wrote in his Manifesto of Functional Architecture (1925), “Down with absurd decoration and up with logical construction!” This call for a new architecture based on rational principles came at a time when Brazil was undergoing a significant political and economic change.

Filippo Tommaso Marinetti: …the publication of Marinetti’s “Manifeste de Futurisme” in the Paris newspaper Le Figaro (February 20, 1909; see Manifesto of Futurism). His ideas were quickly adopted in Italy, where the writers Aldo Palazzeschi, Corrado Govoni, and Ardengo Soffici were among his most important disciples.

Umberto Boccioni: …1912 he published the “Manifesto of Futurist Sculpture,” in which he anticipated developments in modern sculpture. Boccioni advocated the use in sculpture of nontraditional materials such as glass, wood, cement, cloth, and electric lights, and he called for the combination of a variety of materials in one piece of…

Ferhat Abbas: 10, 1943, the “Manifesto of the Algerian People,” prepared by Abbas, was proclaimed. It was subsequently presented to the French and the Allied authorities in North Africa. The manifesto, which reflected a fundamental change in its author’s political position, not only condemned French colonial rule but also called…

The Communist Manifesto, (“Manifesto of the Communist Party”), pamphlet (1848) written by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels to serve as the platform of the Communist League. It became one of the principal programmatic statements of the European socialist and communist parties in the 19th and early

Giacomo Balla: …Italian artists published the “Technical Manifesto of Futurist Painting.”

Simón Bolívar: Independence movement: …of his great political statements, El manifiesto de Cartagena (“The Cartagena Manifesto”), in which he attributed the fall of Venezuela’s First Republic to the lack of strong government and called for a united revolutionary effort to destroy the power of Spain in the Americas.

manifold, in mathematics, a generalization and abstraction of the notion of a curved surface; a manifold is a topological space that is modeled closely on Euclidean space locally but may vary widely in global properties. Each manifold is equipped with a family of local coordinate systems that are

automobile: Emission controls: Manifold reactors are enlarged and insulated exhaust manifolds into which air is injected and in which exhaust gas continues to burn. The effectiveness of such units depends on the amount of heat generated and the length of time the gas is within the manifold. Stainless…

Haiti: Democratic aspirations: In January 1988 Leslie Manigat won elections that were widely considered fraudulent, and Namphy overthrew him in June. A few months later Lieut. Gen. Prosper Avril took power, but his unstable regime ended in March 1990.

Haiti: Haiti in the 21st century: …two—popular musician Michel Martelly and Mirlande Manigat, a legal scholar and the wife of a former president of Haiti—faced each other in a runoff election on March 20, 2011. Martelly was declared the winner on April 21.

Manihiki Atoll, one of the northern Cook Islands, a self-governing state in free association with New Zealand in the South Pacific Ocean. The name Manihiki sometimes also refers to the entire group of the northern Cooks. Manihiki, a coral atoll 2.5 miles (4 km) across, is made up of dozens of small

cassava, (Manihot esculenta), tuberous edible plant of the spurge family (Euphorbiaceae) from the American tropics. It is cultivated throughout the tropical world for its tuberous roots, from which cassava flour, breads, tapioca, a laundry starch, and an alcoholic beverage are derived. Cassava

cassava, (Manihot esculenta), tuberous edible plant of the spurge family (Euphorbiaceae) from the American tropics. It is cultivated throughout the tropical world for its tuberous roots, from which cassava flour, breads, tapioca, a laundry starch, and an alcoholic beverage are derived. Cassava

Manikkavachakar was a Hindu mystic and poet-saint of Shaivism who flourished in the 9th century CE in South India. Manikkavachakar was born of Brahman parents in South India and became the chief minister to the king of Madura (modern Madurai, Tamil Nadu). Legend has it that, while on an errand for

Manikkavachakar was a Hindu mystic and poet-saint of Shaivism who flourished in the 9th century CE in South India. Manikkavachakar was born of Brahman parents in South India and became the chief minister to the king of Madura (modern Madurai, Tamil Nadu). Legend has it that, while on an errand for

South Asian arts: Tamil: …inspired by a journal called Manikkoti. Writers in this movement contributed extremely important new works, both in verse and prose, to Tamil letters. Among them was Putumaippittan, who wrote realistically, critically, and even bitterly about the failings of society.

Manicouagan River, river in the Côte-Nord (North Shore) region, eastern Quebec province, Canada. Rising near the Labrador border, the river drains lakes Muskalagan and Manicouagan southward into the mouth of the St. Lawrence River near Baie-Comeau and Hauterive. It is more than 550 km (340 miles)

Tripura: History: …last ruling maharaja of Tripura, Bir Bikram Kishore Manikya, ascended the throne in 1923, and before his death in 1947, he settled Tripura’s accession to the newly independent country of India. Tripura officially became part of India on October 15, 1949; it was made a union territory on September 1,…

Indian philosophy: Jain philosophy: …figures are Akalanka (8th century), Manikyanandi, Vadideva, Hemchandra (12th century), Prabhachandra (11th century), and Yasovijaya (17th century).

Manila, capital and chief city of the Philippines. The city is the centre of the country’s economic, political, social, and cultural activity. It is located on the island of Luzon and spreads along the eastern shore of Manila Bay at the mouth of the Pasig River. The city’s name, originally

Manila Bay, bay of the South China Sea extending into southwestern Luzon, Philippines. Almost completely landlocked, it is considered one of the world’s great harbours and has an area of 770 square miles (2,000 square km) with a 120-mile (190-km) circumference. Its widest diameter, from northwest

Battle of Manila Bay, (May 1, 1898), defeat of the Spanish Pacific fleet by the U.S. Navy, resulting in the fall of the Philippines and contributing to the final U.S. victory in the Spanish-American War. The resounding American victory made Commodore George Dewey a national hero and helped

John Foster Dulles: Secretary of state: He initiated the Manila conference in 1954, which resulted in the Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO) pact that united eight nations either located in Southeast Asia or with interests there in a neutral defense pact. This treaty was followed in 1955 by the Baghdad Pact, later renamed the…

Manila galleon, Spanish sailing vessel that made an annual round trip (one vessel per year) across the Pacific between Manila, in the Philippines, and Acapulco, in present Mexico, during the period 1565–1815. They were the sole means of communication between Spain and its Philippine colony and

zoysiagrass: japonica), Manila grass (Z. matrella), and Mascarene grass (Z. tenuifolia) were introduced into North America as turf and lawn grasses and tolerate a variety of growing conditions. The leaves are fine-bladed in both the Manila and Mascarene grasses.

abaca, (Musa textilis), plant of the family Musaceae, and its fibre, which is second in importance among the leaf fibre group. Abaca fibre, unlike most other leaf fibres, is obtained from the plant leaf stalks (petioles). Although sometimes known as Manila hemp, Cebu hemp, or Davao hemp, the abaca

cantala, (Agave cantala), plant of the family Asparagaceae and its fibre, belonging to the leaf fibre group. Likely native to Mexico, the plant has been cultivated in the Philippines since 1783 and was growing in Indonesia and India by the early 1800s. Sometimes known as Manila maguey or Cebu

Manila: Transportation: The piers and warehouses of Manila North Harbor are busy with heavy traffic from all ports in the Philippines. In the 1980s additional port facilities for international shipping were built, partially on reclaimed land, in the area between the two harbours.

Veijo Meri: In Manillaköysi (1957; The Manila Rope), the main character deserts, taking with him a rope for which he is willing to risk his life, though he has no use for the rope. His journey home is interspersed with absurd stories from the war. Vuoden 1918 taphatumat (1960; “Incidents…

Manila: Transportation: Manila South Harbor, with its enclosed customhouse, warehouses, and sheds, is sheltered by a low breakwater. There are no railway lines within the port area, and cargo is transported from the piers by trucks or barges. The piers and warehouses of Manila North Harbor are…

Battle of Manila, first and largest battle of the Philippine-American War, a conflict between the United States and Filipino revolutionaries from 1899 to 1902 that may be seen as a continuation of the Philippine Revolution against Spanish rule. Filipino hopes that the U.S. defeat of their Spanish

Nick Joaquin: …works are mostly nonfiction, including Manila, My Manila: A History for the Young (1990), The D.M. Guevara Story (1993), and Mr. F.E.U., the Culture Hero That Was Nicanor Reyes (1995).