polecat: The marbled polecat (Vormela peregusna), which inhabits foothills and steppes from southeastern Europe to southern Mongolia is similar to the European species in habits and appearance. Marbled polecats are slightly smaller, however, weighing 0.3–0.7 kg (0.7–1.5 pounds) and ranging in length from 44 to 66 cm…

marbled pottery, a type of ware obtained by mixing clays of various colours to imitate natural marbles or agate. The working of marbled pottery can be traced back at least as far as the 1st century ad in Rome, and samples of the ware were produced as far from Rome as China. Techniques included the

Marblehead, town (township), Essex county, northeastern Massachusetts, U.S. It lies on a rocky peninsula jutting into Massachusetts Bay, 18 miles (29 km) northeast of Boston. Its deep, narrow harbour is sheltered by Marblehead Neck, a promontory of marblelike rocks about 1.5 miles (2.5 km) long.

marble, small, hard ball that is used in a variety of children’s games and is named after the 18th-century practice of making the toy from marble chips. The object of marble games is to roll, throw, drop, or knuckle marbles against an opponent’s marbles, often to knock them out of a prescribed area

meat processing: Fat: …of a muscle is called marbling.

Jean-Baptiste-Antoine-Marcelin, baron de Marbot was a general and author of memoirs of the Napoleonic period, whose book on war, Remarques critiques, prompted Napoleon to leave him a legacy. Entering the army at 17, Marbot was aide-de-camp successively to three of Napoleon’s generals. Promoted to

Marburg, city, Hessen Land (state), central Germany. It lies on the Lahn River north of Frankfurt am Main. The name Marburg (meaning “Frontier Fortress”) was first used in 1130, when the site belonged to the landgraves of Thuringia. Chartered, according to tradition, in 1211, it became the seat of

Maribor, city, northeastern Slovenia, on the Drava River near the Austrian border. Slovenia’s second largest city, Maribor lies between the Pohorje mountains and the hills of Slovenske Gorice. A settlement existed in Roman times, but the present city grew from the mid-12th century around Marburg

Marburg, city, Hessen Land (state), central Germany. It lies on the Lahn River north of Frankfurt am Main. The name Marburg (meaning “Frontier Fortress”) was first used in 1130, when the site belonged to the landgraves of Thuringia. Chartered, according to tradition, in 1211, it became the seat of

Marburgvirus: …humans, marburgviruses are responsible for Marburg virus disease (MVD), a zoonotic disease that is characterized by high fever, malaise, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, skin rash, and hemorrhage (bleeding). MVD case fatality rates have been as high as 80 to 90 percent.

Marburgvirus: One species has been described, Marburg marburgvirus (formerly Lake Victoria marburgvirus), which is represented by two viruses, Ravn virus (RAVV) and Marburg virus (MARV). In humans, marburgviruses are responsible for Marburg virus disease (MVD), a zoonotic disease that is characterized by high fever, malaise,

Hermann Cohen: … philosopher and founder of the Marburg school of neo-Kantian philosophy, which emphasized “pure” thought and ethics rather than metaphysics.

Marburgvirus: …viruses, Ravn virus (RAVV) and Marburg virus (MARV). In humans, marburgviruses are responsible for Marburg virus disease (MVD), a zoonotic disease that is characterized by high fever, malaise, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, skin rash, and hemorrhage (bleeding). MVD case fatality rates have been as high as 80

Marburgvirus: …humans, marburgviruses are responsible for Marburg virus disease (MVD), a zoonotic disease that is characterized by high fever, malaise, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, skin rash, and hemorrhage (bleeding). MVD case fatality rates have been as high as 80 to 90 percent.

Marburgvirus: …humans, marburgviruses are responsible for Marburg virus disease (MVD), a zoonotic disease that is characterized by high fever, malaise, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, skin rash, and hemorrhage (bleeding). MVD case fatality rates have been as high as 80 to 90 percent.

Articles of Schwabach, early Lutheran confession of faith, written in 1529 by Martin Luther and other Wittenberg theologians and incorporated into the Augsburg Confession by Philipp Melanchthon in 1530. It was prepared at the request of John the Steadfast, elector of Saxony, to provide a unifying

Colloquy of Marburg, in Christian history, an important debate on the Lord’s Supper held in Marburg, Germany, on October 1–4, 1529, between the reformers of Germany and Switzerland. It was called because of a political situation. In response to a majority resolution against the Reformation by the

Philipps University of Marburg, coeducational institution of higher learning at Marburg, Ger. Marburg was the first Protestant university in Germany. It was founded in 1527 by Philip the Magnanimous of Hesse as a state institution for the support and dissemination of Lutheranism. It rapidly became

Marburgvirus, genus of viruses in family Filoviridae, known for causing severe disease in humans and other primates. One species has been described, Marburg marburgvirus (formerly Lake Victoria marburgvirus), which is represented by two viruses, Ravn virus (RAVV) and Marburg virus (MARV). In

Marbury v. Madison, legal case in which, on February 24, 1803, the U.S. Supreme Court first declared an act of Congress unconstitutional, thus establishing the doctrine of judicial review. The court’s opinion, written by Chief Justice John Marshall, is considered one of the foundations of U.S.

Anne Hutchinson was a religious liberal who became one of the founders of Rhode Island after her banishment from Massachusetts Bay Colony. Anne Marbury was the daughter of a silenced clergyman and grew up in an atmosphere of learning. She married William Hutchinson, a merchant, in 1612, and in 1634

Elisabeth Marbury was an American theatrical and literary agent who represented a stellar array of theatrical performers and writers in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Marbury grew up in an affluent and cultured home and was privately educated, to a large extent by her father. In 1885 a

fly-fishing: Modern fly-fishing: …influenced the sport of fly-fishing: Mary Orvis Marbury compiled the first definitive book of fly patterns in 1892; Helen Shaw introduced innovative fly-tying techniques during the 1940s and ’50s; and Joan Salvato Wulff was one of the world’s finest casters, setting many records in the 1950s and ’60s, as well…

Judiciary Act of 1801: Passage and controversy: …their fate passively, but not William Marbury, a Federalist leader from Maryland. Marbury went to court to force the Jefferson administration to deliver the commission, without which he could not serve in office. The resulting case led to one of the Supreme Court’s most important decisions, Marbury v. Madison (1803).…

Curtis Fletcher Marbut was an American geologist and authority on soils who worked closely with experts from many countries to develop international classification systems for soil materials. After earning a B.S. from the University of Missouri in 1889, Marbut worked for the Missouri Geological

Bohemond I was the prince of Otranto (1089–1111) and prince of Antioch (1098–1101, 1103–04), one of the leaders of the First Crusade, who conquered Antioch (June 3, 1098). The son of Robert Guiscard (the Astute) and his first wife, Alberada, Bohemond was christened Marc but nicknamed after a

Mark Boxer was a British magazine and newspaper editor and cartoonist known for his political and social caricatures and single-frame “pocket cartoons” that often satirized the British upper-middle class. Boxer was briefly expelled from King’s College, Cambridge, when he published an irreverent

library: The British Library: …Congress in the Project for Machine-Readable Cataloging (MARC), which provides on-line access to the catalogs of the current acquisitions of the British Library Reference Division and the Library of Congress.

Mark Antony was a Roman general under Julius Caesar and later triumvir (43–30 bce), who, with Cleopatra, queen of Egypt, was defeated by Octavian (the future emperor Augustus) in the last of the civil wars that destroyed the Roman Republic. He is one of the major figures of Classical antiquity.

library: Vehicles for catalogs: …is demonstrated by the revised Machine-Readable Cataloging Project, known since its revision in 1968 as MARC II. Library users find no difficulty in consulting such on-line catalogs, and many prefer them to the more cumbersome, if more familiar, form of cards in drawers. Not only do they enable library patrons…

Franz Marc was a German painter and printmaker who is known for the intense mysticism of his paintings of animals. He was a founding member of Der Blaue Reiter (“The Blue Rider”), an association of German Expressionist artists. Marc’s early works were painted in a naturalistic academic style, but

Ernest Renan: Later writings of Ernest Renan: …Hadrian, but in Marc-Aurèle (1882; Marcus Aurelius, 1904), the study of Marcus Aurelius, again a self-portrait, it is dominated by the author’s preoccupation with death. Since 1876 Renan had been working on his memoirs, Souvenirs d’enfance et de jeunesse (1883; Recollections of My Youth, 1883), in which he reconstructs his…

Marca, port city, southern Somalia, on the Indian Ocean, about 45 miles (70 km) southwest of Mogadishu, the national capital and main port. The town, which was founded by Arab or Persian traders, was in existence by the 10th century. The first Somalis to settle near there arrived in the 13th

Conrad Marca-Relli was an American artist associated with Abstract Expressionism. He was the first to raise the art of collage to a scale and complexity comparable to monumental painting, paving the way for the large “combine paintings” of the Neo-Dada artists of the 1960s. The son of a news

Marcabru was a Gascon poet-musician and the earliest exponent of the trobar clus, an allusive and deliberately obscure poetic style in Provençal. Unlike most successful troubadours, Marcabru was not of the aristocracy, and he served in several courts throughout southern France and Spain without

Marcabru was a Gascon poet-musician and the earliest exponent of the trobar clus, an allusive and deliberately obscure poetic style in Provençal. Unlike most successful troubadours, Marcabru was not of the aristocracy, and he served in several courts throughout southern France and Spain without

French literature: Religious drama: Notable authors of mystères are Eustache Marcadé; Arnoul Gréban, organist and choirmaster at Notre-Dame, and his brother Simon; and Jehan Michel. Arnoul Gréban’s monumental Mystère de la Passion (c. 1450, reworked by Michel in 1486; The True Mistery of the Passion) took four days to perform. Other plays took up…

solenodon: Skeletal remains of Marcano’s solenodon (S. marcanoi) were found in the Dominican Republic and Haiti. It must have become extinct after 1500 ce because the bones were associated with those of house rats (Rattus rattus), which were introduced to Hispaniola by Europeans. The giant solenodon (S. arredondoi) is…

Borghese Family: …V also helped his nephew Marcantonio II (1601–58), who fathered the present branch of the Borghese family, whose wealth and estates he vastly augmented. Paul V obtained for Marcantonio the important principality of Sulmona and made him prince of Vivaro. Marcantonio married Camilla Orsini (1619), thereby acquiring the estates of…

Borghese Family: …carried on by his nephew Marcantonio IV (1730–1800), who had the Villa Borghese renewed. He also enlarged the Borghese estates by his marriage to the wealthy and prominent Maria Salviati.

Conrad Marca-Relli was an American artist associated with Abstract Expressionism. He was the first to raise the art of collage to a scale and complexity comparable to monumental painting, paving the way for the large “combine paintings” of the Neo-Dada artists of the 1960s. The son of a news

marcasite, an iron sulfide mineral that forms pale bronze-yellow orthorhombic crystals, usually twinned to characteristic cockscomb or sheaflike shapes; the names spear pyrites and cockscomb pyrites refer to the shape and colour of these crystals. Radially arranged fibres are also common. Marcasite

François-Séverin Marceau was a French general, a notable young military hero of the early years of the French Revolutionary wars. A lawyer’s son, Marceau ran away to enlist in the infantry regiment of Savoy-Carignan in 1785 and took part in the attack on the Bastille in Paris in 1789. He joined the

Marcel Marceau was a preeminent 20th-century French mime whose silent portrayals were executed with eloquence, deceptive simplicity, and balletic grace. His most-celebrated characterization was Bip—a character half-Pierrot, half-Charlie Chaplin’s Little Tramp—first presented by Marceau in 1947. He

François-Séverin Marceau was a French general, a notable young military hero of the early years of the French Revolutionary wars. A lawyer’s son, Marceau ran away to enlist in the infantry regiment of Savoy-Carignan in 1785 and took part in the attack on the Bastille in Paris in 1789. He joined the

Marcel, fictional character, both the narrator and main character of Marcel Proust’s seven-part monumental novel Remembrance of Things Past, also translated as In Search of Lost Time

Étienne Marcel was a bourgeois leader, a clothier and provost of the merchants of Paris, who played a major part in the Paris revolution of 1355–58 and was for a time able to coerce the government into considering reforms. Marcel came of a family of cloth merchants, his grandfather having been the

Gabriel Marcel was a French philosopher, dramatist, and critic who was associated with the phenomenological and existentialist movements in 20th-century European philosophy. His work and style are often characterized as theistic or Christian existentialism (a term Marcel disliked, preferring the

Gabriel Marcel was a French philosopher, dramatist, and critic who was associated with the phenomenological and existentialist movements in 20th-century European philosophy. His work and style are often characterized as theistic or Christian existentialism (a term Marcel disliked, preferring the

Paris: Foundation and early growth (c. 7600 bce to 12th century ce): …but it was probably under St. Marcel, the ninth bishop (c. 360–436), that the first Christian church, a wooden structure, was built on the island.

St. Marcellinus ; feast day June 2) was the pope probably from 291/296 to 304, although the dates of his reign, as well as those of his predecessors Eutychianus and Gaius, are uncertain. His pontificate saw a long tranquil period terminated by a renewed and bloody persecution of Christians, the

Benedetto Marcello was an Italian composer and writer, especially remembered for two works: the satirical pamphlet Il teatro alla moda (1720); and Estro poeticoarmonico (1724–26), a setting for voices and instruments of the first 50 psalms in an Italian paraphrase by G. Giustiniani. Il teatro alla

St. Marcellus I ; feast day January 16) was the pope from December 306 to January 308 or from May or June 308 to January 16, 309. He succeeded St. Marcellinus after an interval of three or four years, following a period of great disruption in the church due to the persecutions of Christians by the

Marcellus II was the pope from April 9/10 to May 1, 1555. He was one of the few popes in the modern period to retain his baptismal name after becoming pope. He was made cardinal in December 1539 by Pope Paul III, for whom he served in numerous politico-ecclesiastical missions. With Cardinal

patristic literature: The Nicene Fathers: Athanasius, Eustathius of Antioch, and Marcellus of Ancyra tenaciously upheld the Nicene decision that the Son was of the same substance with the Father. Again, the writings of the two latter figures, except for scattered but illuminating fragments, have disappeared. Most churchmen preferred the middle ground; loyal to the Origenist…

fracking: Regulation: …the case than in the Marcellus Shale, a vast and rich shale gas deposit lying mainly under Pennsylvania but also extending northeast into New York and southwest into Ohio and West Virginia—a region blanketed by the scenic Allegheny Mountains and home to consumer and environmental movements that were well established…

Vespasian: Reign as emperor of Vespasian: …and in 78 he executed Eprius Marcellus, one of his earliest and most efficient supporters, accused of a conspiracy that may have been directed at Titus’s association with the Jewish princess Berenice. But he showed good-natured tolerance of offensiveness that could do no harm.

Marcus Claudius Marcellus was the nephew of the emperor Augustus (reigned 27 bc–ad 14) and presumably chosen by him as heir, though Augustus himself denied it. Marcellus was the son of Gaius Claudius Marcellus and Augustus’s sister Octavia. In 25 he and the future emperor Tiberius served under

Marcus Claudius Marcellus was a Roman general who captured Syracuse during the Second Punic War (218–201). Although his successes have been exaggerated by the historian Livy, Marcellus deserved his sobriquet, “the sword of Rome.” In his first consulship (222) Marcellus fought the Insubres and won

Marcus Claudius Marcellus was a leading Optimate (conservative senator) and an uncompromising opponent of Julius Caesar. As consul, Marcellus attempted to remove Caesar from his army command on March 1, 50, but he was outmaneuvered by the pro-Caesarian tribune Gaius Scribonius Curio. During the

Theatre of Marcellus, in Rome, building begun by Julius Caesar and completed by Augustus in 13 bc. It was dedicated in the name of Augustus’s nephew, Marcus Claudius Marcellus (42–23 bc). According to Livy, it was built on the site of an earlier theatre erected by Marcus Aemilius Lepidus—to the

Jane Marcet: In December 1799 she married Alexander John Gaspard Marcet, a physician who was from Switzerland. The couple shared an affinity for intellectual pursuits, and their home was frequented by various scientists and scholars. The Marcets had a mutual interest in chemistry, and, after hearing a series of lectures by the…

Jane Marcet was an English writer known for her accessible educational books, many of which were aimed at female readers. Her best-known work, Conversations on Chemistry (1805), was one of the first basic science textbooks. Jane, one of 12 children, grew up in London amid great wealth; her Swiss

Ericales: Marcgraviaceae: Marcgraviaceae are often lianas or epiphytes and are found only in the Neotropics. There are seven genera and about 130 species in the family, of which Marcgravia includes 60. The family has often rather thick leaves with indistinct venation and inflorescences with flower bracts…

dance: Distinguishing dance from other patterned movement: Marches and processions present another difficulty of classification. Some involve patterned groupings of people and a disciplined, stylized movement such as the military goose step, and the participants may feel and express powerful emotions. Such movements also may be accompanied by highly theatrical elements, such…

Australian literature: Literature in the 21st century: …Pulitzer Prize for fiction for March), Sonya Hartnett, Roger McDonald, Alexis Wright, Steven Carroll, Steve Toltz, Christos Tsiolkas, Anna Funder, Patricia Mackintosh, and Sofie Laguna.

march, originally, musical form having an even metre (in 24 or 44) with strongly accented first beats to facilitate military marching; many later examples, while retaining the military connotation, were not intended for actual marching. The march was a lasting bequest of the Turkish invasion of

March, third month of the Gregorian calendar. It was named after Mars, the Roman god of war. Originally, March was the first month of the Roman

March 23 Movement (M23), rebel group primarily based in North Kivu, a mineral-rich province in eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). It is one of many armed groups in the conflict-ridden eastern DRC that have been fighting against other armed groups as well as the DRC’s army, the Armed

Riverside: March Air Reserve Base (until 1996 March Air Force Base), with a field museum containing vintage aircraft, is nearby. At the northern edge of the city is the Santa Ana River Regional Park, and south of the city is Lake Mathews. Mount Rubidoux (1,399 feet…

Riverside: March Air Reserve Base (until 1996 March Air Force Base), with a field museum containing vintage aircraft, is nearby. At the northern edge of the city is the Santa Ana River Regional Park, and south of the city is Lake Mathews. Mount Rubidoux (1,399 feet…

March family, fictional characters in a series of novels by Louisa May Alcott beginning with Little Women (1868–69). The four March sisters are enduring characters in children’s literature. Meg, the oldest, beautiful and rather vain but sweet; Jo, the main focus of the books, a spirited tomboy;

March First Movement, series of demonstrations for Korean national independence from Japan that began on March 1, 1919, in the Korean capital city of Seoul and soon spread throughout the country. Before the Japanese finally suppressed the movement 12 months later, approximately 2,000,000 Koreans

March fly, (family Bibionidae), any member of a family of stout insects in the fly order, Diptera, that are commonly seen around flowers during spring and early summer. The dark, short adults frequently have red and yellow markings. The larvae feed on the roots of plants and on decaying vegetation

March Hare, fictional character in Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland (1865) by Lewis Carroll. He behaves in a most unpredictable manner as the host of an outdoor tea party that Alice stumbles

John Philip Sousa was an American bandmaster and composer of military marches. The son of an immigrant Portuguese father and a German mother, Sousa grew up in Washington, D.C., where from the age of six he learned to play the violin and later various band instruments and studied harmony and musical

March Laws, measures enacted by the Hungarian Diet at Pozsony (modern Bratislava) during the Revolution of 1848 that created a modern national Magyar state. After revolutions had broken out in Paris (Feb. 24, 1848) and in Vienna (March 13), liberal Hungarians, who dominated the lower house of the

March Madness, informal term that refers to the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I men’s and women’s basketball championship tournaments and the attendant fan interest in—and media coverage of—the events. The single-elimination tournaments begin each March and consist of

It’s March Madness! But don’t forget about the mascots. Since Yale University introduced the first collegiate mascot, a bulldog named Harper (followed by Handsome Dan), in the 1890s, other colleges and universities have adopted their own symbols and monikers to draw attention to their

Iraq: The revolution of 1968: …agreement was proclaimed in the Manifesto of March 1970, to go into effect in March 1974, following a census to determine the frontiers of the area in which the Kurds formed the majority of the population.

March of Dimes Foundation, American charitable organization dedicated to preventing childhood diseases, birth defects, and premature births and to reducing infant mortality. It was founded as the National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis in 1938 by U.S. Pres. Franklin D. Roosevelt, who envisioned

Luc Jacquet: …La Marche de l’empereur (2005; March of the Penguins).

Luc Jacquet: The sequel, L’Empereur (2017; March of the Penguins 2: The Next Step), was not as successful.

Chinese music: Period of the Republic of China and the Sino-Japanese War: …famous being the piece, “March of the Volunteers,” written in 1934 by Nie Er to text by the modern Chinese playwright Tian Han as a patriotic march. (The tune was adopted as the national anthem in 1949.) It is an excellent example of a mixture of new and traditional…

Babes in Toyland, American fantasy film, released in 1934, that starred the comedy team of Laurel and Hardy in an enduring holiday classic. The film—which was based on a 1903 operetta by composer Victor Herbert and librettist Glen MacDonough—is set in Toyland, where Mother Goose, Little Bo Peep,

film: Newsreels and documentaries: The March of Time, inspired by Time magazine and produced by Louis de Rochemont from 1935 to 1951, was a series in which a topic of political or social importance was discussed in depth in a 30-minute film. The series was an immediate and continued…

David Storey: (1978); Early Days (1980); and The March on Russia (1989).

March on Washington, political demonstration held in Washington, D.C., on August 28, 1963, that was attended by an estimated 250,000 people to protest racial discrimination and to show support for major civil rights legislation that was pending in Congress. The March on Washington was the result of

March on Washington, political demonstration held in Washington, D.C., on August 28, 1963, that was attended by an estimated 250,000 people to protest racial discrimination and to show support for major civil rights legislation that was pending in Congress. The March on Washington was the result of

February Revolution, (March 8–12 [Feb. 24–28, old style], 1917), the first stage of the Russian Revolution of 1917, in which the monarchy was overthrown and replaced by the Provisional Government. This government, intended as an interim stage in the creation of a permanent democratic-parliamentary

Morava River, tributary of the Danube rising in eastern Czech Republic; in its lower course, the river divides the Czech Republic from Slovakia and then Slovakia from Austria. It gives its name to Moravia, an ancient region that covers most of the river’s drainage basin, which is 15,000 square

Augie March, fictional character, the protagonist of Saul Bellow’s The Adventures of Augie March

Ausias March was the first major poet to write in Catalan, whose verse greatly influenced other poets both of his own time and of the modern period. As a young man March fought in Sicily, Sardinia, Corsica, and on Djorba under Alfonso V. March’s verse describes the conflict between his sensuality

Henry VI, Part 3: …briefly regain the ascendancy after Edward IV (the eldest of these sons and now king) ignores a proposed marriage to the French princess that has been arranged by the earl of Warwick and King Lewis XI of France and instead marries the widowed Elizabeth, Lady Grey. Margaret’s triumph is short-lived,…

Charles Lennox, 3rd duke of Richmond was one of the most progressive British politicians of the 18th century, being chiefly known for his advanced views on parliamentary reform. Richmond succeeded to the peerage in 1750 (his father, the 2nd duke, having added the Aubigny title to the Richmond and

Charles Lennox, 1st Duke of Richmond was the son of Charles II of England by his mistress Louise de Kéroualle, duchess of Portsmouth. He was aide-de-camp to William III from 1693 to 1702 and lord of the bedchamber to George I from 1714 to 1723. Charles II awarded a number of peerages (duchies,

Alexander Stewart, duke of Albany was the second son of James II of Scotland, created duke of Albany in or before 1458. Both he and John, earl of Mar, quarrelled with their brother James III, who imprisoned them in 1479. Mar died, but Albany escaped to carry on a series of intrigues with the

Edward IV was the king of England from 1461 until October 1470 and again from April 1471 until his death. He was a leading participant in the Yorkist-Lancastrian conflict known as the Wars of the Roses. Edward was the eldest surviving son of Richard, duke of York, by Cicely, daughter of Ralph

Wales: Norman infiltration: …in the creation of the March of Wales; in this land, consisting of lordships, Norman lords and their successors exercised rights founded on the powers previously enjoyed by the Welsh kings but greatly expanded so as to give the lords, under “the custom of the March,” extensive powers in their…

Edmund Mortimer, 5th earl of March was a friend of the Lancastrian king Henry V and an unwilling royal claimant advanced by rebel barons. Edmund was the great-grandson of Lionel, duke of Clarence, the second surviving son of Edward III, and was considered by some to be the heir presumptive of the