Robert S. McNamara was the U.S. secretary of defense from 1961 to 1968 who revamped Pentagon operations and who played a major role in the nation’s military involvement in the Vietnam War. After graduating from the University of California, Berkeley, in 1937, McNamara earned a graduate degree at

Robert S. McNamara was the U.S. secretary of defense from 1961 to 1968 who revamped Pentagon operations and who played a major role in the nation’s military involvement in the Vietnam War. After graduating from the University of California, Berkeley, in 1937, McNamara earned a graduate degree at

Yvonne Farrell and Shelley McNamara: Farrell and McNamara met while studying at the School of Architecture at University College Dublin. After graduating in 1976, they began teaching at the university, and in 1978 they set up a practice in Dublin with three other architects. The firm began to receive a number of…

Yorgos Lanthimos: The Favourite: …written by Deborah Davis and Tony McNamara called The Favourite (2018), about a love triangle between the British queen Anne (Olivia Colman) and two women who compete for her attention (Weisz and Emma Stone). Lanthimos made quirky choices for the film, including outlandish dance sequences and surreal scenes involving rabbits,…

radio: Sports: Graham McNamee, a cub announcer, was soon called upon by WEAF to broadcast several sporting events, including championship fights and the World Series starting in 1923. McNamee became NBC’s top sports announcer, presiding over football, baseball, and boxing. He infused his sportscasts with human interest…

United States presidential election of 1940: The conventions: The convention then nominated Charles McNary, the party’s leader in the U.S. Senate, for the vice presidency. The Republican platform opposed participation in foreign wars, urged a strong national defense, demanded a slash in federal expenditures, and criticized Roosevelt’s concentration of power in the executive branch.

United States presidential election of 1928: The campaign and election: …his party, Smith supported the McNary-Haugen farm bill, which proposed grain subsidies in order to raise prices. The bill had twice failed to pass under Coolidge, in part due to Hoover’s opposition to it in his capacity as secretary of commerce. He had preferred a program of modernization efforts and…

history of technology: Steam engines: In 1845 John McNaught introduced an alternative form of compound beam engine, with the high-pressure cylinder on the opposite end of the beam from the low-pressure cylinder, and working with a shorter stroke. This became a very popular design. Various other methods of compounding steam engines were…

Internet: Getting over it: …have zero privacy—get over it,” Scott McNealy, the CEO of Sun Microsystems, memorably remarked in 1999 in response to a question at a product show at which Sun introduced a new interactive technology called Jini. Sun’s cheerful website promised to usher in the “networked home” of the future, in which…

A Raisin in the Sun: …matriarch, Lena Younger (played by Claudia McNeil), wants to leave their Chicago apartment and buy a home in a white neighborhood. Her headstrong son, Walter Lee Younger (played by Sidney Poitier), hopes to use the money to open a liquor store.

Sapper was a British soldier and novelist who won immediate fame with his thriller Bull-Dog Drummond (1920), subtitled “The Adventures of a Demobilized Officer Who Found Peace Dull.” Sapper published numerous popular sequels, but none had the impact and merit of the

Don McNeill was a U.S. radio entertainer. He entered radio in the 1920s as part of a singing team. In 1933 he took over as host of an NBC morning program in Chicago and created The Breakfast Club. Usually unscripted, it relied on listeners’ comments, poems, and folksy humour. It was the

William H. McNeill was a Canadian American historian who promoted an expansive view of the history of human civilization that enlarged the traditional approach to the subject, most notably in his seminal work The Rise of the West (1963). McNeill attended the University of Chicago (B.A., 1938; M.A.,

William H. McNeill was a Canadian American historian who promoted an expansive view of the history of human civilization that enlarged the traditional approach to the subject, most notably in his seminal work The Rise of the West (1963). McNeill attended the University of Chicago (B.A., 1938; M.A.,

Yo La Tengo: …York), and bassist (from 1992) James McNew (b. July 6, 1969, Baltimore, Maryland).

Tatum O’Neal: …in which she costarred with Kristy McNichol; the biopic Basquiat (1996); and The Scoundrel’s Wife (2002). During much of the time from the mid-1980s, however, O’Neal was better known for her troubled marriage to tennis star John McEnroe and for her struggles with drug addiction than for her work as…

Blondie and Dagwood: …(1938–50) Blondie was played by Penny Singleton and Dagwood by Arthur Lake. Two television series were made (1957 and 1968), and an animated TV movie appeared in 1987. At the height of its popularity, the syndicated comic strip was translated into 35 languages and appeared in more than 2,000 newspapers…

Marcia McNutt is an American geophysicist who was the first woman to direct the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS; 2009–13) and the first woman elected to serve as president of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences (NAS; 2016– ). McNutt was known for her leadership skills and for her contributions to

Marcia McNutt is an American geophysicist who was the first woman to direct the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS; 2009–13) and the first woman elected to serve as president of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences (NAS; 2016– ). McNutt was known for her leadership skills and for her contributions to

flag of Malawi: …the flag used by the Malawi Congress Party, then the dominant political force in the country. The stripes on the flag symbolized respectively the African people of the country, the blood of martyrs for independence, and the ever-green nature of Malawi. The country’s name means “flaming waters,” referring to the…

Molly Maguires: …National Detective Agency, which sent James McParland to infiltrate the group. In a series of sensational trials in 1875–77, McParland’s testimony resulted in the conviction and hanging of 10 men for murder. The court convictions, adverse publicity, and more prosperous times effected a subsequent decline of violence in the coalfields.

Chicago style: …was originally produced by trumpeter Jimmy McPartland, tenor saxophonist Bud Freeman, clarinetist Frank Teschemacher, and their colleagues in imitation of the New Orleans Rhythm Kings (originally the Friar’s Society Orchestra, including Leon Rappolo, Paul Mares, George Brunis, and others), a white New Orleans band playing at

Marian McPartland was an English-born American jazz musician and radio personality, best known in the United States for her National Public Radio program Piano Jazz. McPartland began playing the piano when she was three years old. She attended private schools and studied classical music at the

puppetry: Rod puppets: …United States, largely inspired by Marjorie Batchelder, the use of rod puppets was greatly developed in school and college theatres, and the hand-rod puppet was found to be of particular value. In this figure the hand passes inside the puppet’s body to grasp a short rod to the head, the…

Clyde McPhatter was an American rhythm-and-blues singer popular in the 1950s whose emotional style anticipated soul music. One of the most dramatic vocalists of his generation, McPhatter grew up in a devout Christian family that moved from North Carolina to New Jersey in the mid-1940s. There,

John McPhee is an American journalist whose nonfiction books are accessible and informative on a wide variety of topics—particularly profiles of figures in sports, science, and the environment. Many of his books are adaptations of articles he published in The New Yorker magazine. After graduating

John McPhee is an American journalist whose nonfiction books are accessible and informative on a wide variety of topics—particularly profiles of figures in sports, science, and the environment. Many of his books are adaptations of articles he published in The New Yorker magazine. After graduating

Walter Devereux, 1st earl of Essex: …O’Neills, led by Sir Brian MacPhelim and Turlough Luineach O’Neill, and they were supported by the Scots-Irish under Sorley Boy MacDonnell.

McPherson, city, seat (1873) of McPherson county, central Kansas, U.S. Laid out in 1872 on the Santa Fe Trail, it was named for James B. McPherson, a Union general killed in the American Civil War. The city is now a processing and shipping point for nearby oil fields and the surrounding diversified

McPherson Range, mountain range, eastern spur of the Great Dividing Range, eastern Australia; its crest constitutes the Queensland–New South Wales border from Point Danger to Wallangara (140 miles [225 km]). Occupying a well-dissected and rainforest-covered region, the range rises to its highest

Aimee Semple McPherson was a controversial American Pentecostal evangelist and early radio preacher whose International Church of the Foursquare Gospel brought her wealth, notoriety, and a following numbering in the tens of thousands. Aimee Kennedy was reared by her mother as a Salvation Army

James Alan McPherson was an American author whose realistic, character-driven short stories examine racial tension, the mysteries of love, the pain of isolation, and the contradictions of American life. Despite his coming of age as a writer during the Black Arts movement, his stories transcend

James B. McPherson was a Union general of the American Civil War about whose death General Ulysses S. Grant is reported to have said, “The country has lost one of its best soldiers, and I have lost my best friend.” After graduation from West Point at the head of the class of 1849, McPherson was

James B. McPherson was a Union general of the American Civil War about whose death General Ulysses S. Grant is reported to have said, “The country has lost one of its best soldiers, and I have lost my best friend.” After graduation from West Point at the head of the class of 1849, McPherson was

Newt Gingrich is an American politician, who served as speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives (1995–98); he was the first Republican to hold the office in 40 years. He later sought the party’s nomination for president in 2012. His parents divorced, and he later took the surname of his

International Church of the Foursquare Gospel: Her son and successor, Rolf K. McPherson, carried on this tradition. Doctrinally, however, the church is similar to the Assemblies of God, on whose ministerial rolls Aimee Semple McPherson’s name appeared for several years during her early evangelistic career.

Louise McPhetridge Thaden was an American aviator, holder of several speed and endurance records in the early years of competitive flying. Possibly the best-known female pilot of the 1930s after Amelia Earhart, she used her fame as a competitor to promote the status of women in aviation and to draw

John Sturges: Later films: With McQ (1974), Sturges was at last teamed with John Wayne, though the film drew mixed reviews; Wayne played a detective investigating the death of his best friend. The Eagle Has Landed (1976) showed flashes of Sturges’s old prowess. The old-fashioned suspense thriller was based on…

Alexander McQueen was a British designer known for his groundbreaking clothes, shocking catwalk shows, and precise tailoring. McQueen grew up in London’s East End; he was the youngest of six children of a father who was a taxicab driver and a mother who was a social studies teacher and genealogist.

Australia: Strains of modern radicalism: …of the later 1960s (notably Humphrey McQueen in his A New Britannia, first published in 1970) saw the nation as ever dominated by petty bourgeois standards—mean, acquisitive, racist, and authoritarian. Many earlier commentators had perceived such traits, but now they were attacked with more fundamental repugnance. The dismissal of Whitlam…

Alexander McQueen was a British designer known for his groundbreaking clothes, shocking catwalk shows, and precise tailoring. McQueen grew up in London’s East End; he was the youngest of six children of a father who was a taxicab driver and a mother who was a social studies teacher and genealogist.

Steve McQueen was a macho, laconic American movie star of the 1960s and ’70s. Cool and stoical, his loner heroes spoke through actions and rarely with words. McQueen was born in Beech Grove, Indiana, a suburb of Indianapolis. He drifted through odd jobs and three years of service in the U.S. Marine

Steve McQueen is a British director, screenwriter, and artist best known to the general public for his feature-length commercial films Hunger (2008), Shame (2011), and 12 Years a Slave (2013). McQueen was born to a Grenadan father and a Trinidadian mother, both of whom had immigrated to England. He

Steve McQueen is a British director, screenwriter, and artist best known to the general public for his feature-length commercial films Hunger (2008), Shame (2011), and 12 Years a Slave (2013). McQueen was born to a Grenadan father and a Trinidadian mother, both of whom had immigrated to England. He

Steve McQueen was a macho, laconic American movie star of the 1960s and ’70s. Cool and stoical, his loner heroes spoke through actions and rarely with words. McQueen was born in Beech Grove, Indiana, a suburb of Indianapolis. He drifted through odd jobs and three years of service in the U.S. Marine

Esther Hobart Morris was an American suffragist and public official whose major role in gaining voting rights for women in Wyoming was a milestone for the national women’s suffrage movement. Esther McQuigg was orphaned at age 11. In 1841 she married Artemus Slack, who died three years later. She

Carmen McRae was an American jazz vocalist and pianist who from an early emulation of vocalist Billie Holiday grew to become a distinctive stylist, known for her smoky voice and her melodic variations on jazz standards. Her scat improvisations were innovative, complex, and elegant. McRae studied

Ellen Burstyn is an American actress who is known for her understated charm and versatility. Gillooly was raised in Detroit, though she attended St. Mary’s Academy in Windsor, Ontario, Canada, for several years in the late 1930s. Both her mother and her stepfather were physically and verbally

Kansas City Royals: …class), outfielder and designated hitter Hal McRae, and future Hall of Fame third baseman George Brett. The trio anchored Royals squads that won three consecutive division titles between 1976 and 1978 but that were defeated by the New York Yankees in each of the AL Championship Series (ALCS) of those…

James McReynolds was a U.S. Supreme Court justice (1914–41) who was a leading force in striking down the early New Deal program of President Franklin D. Roosevelt. McReynolds was admitted to the bar in 1884 and practiced law in Nashville, Tenn. He was professor of law at Vanderbilt University,

climate: Scale classes: Known as the mesoscale, this class is characterized by spatial dimensions of ten to a few hundred kilometres and lifetimes of a day or less. Because of the shorter time scale and because the other forces may be much larger, the effect of the Coriolis force in mesoscale…

Lunar Atmosphere and Dust Environment Explorer: …first spacecraft based on the Modular Common Spacecraft Bus (MCSB), an inexpensive modular platform that was designed to do away with the need to build a new spacecraft for each new mission. To save fuel, the spacecraft traveled very slowly, reaching lunar orbit on October 6. (Most other missions to…

Dave Eggers: …also founded the publishing house McSweeney’s in 1998.

analytic philosophy: The revolt against idealism: The Cambridge philosopher J.M.E. McTaggart, for example, argued that the concept of time is inconsistent and that time therefore is unreal. British empiricism, on the other hand, had generally started with commonsense beliefs and either accepted or at least sought to explain them, using science as the model…

Doris Kearns Goodwin: …contained unattributed quotations from author Lynne McTaggart. Goodwin maintained that her plagiarism was unintentional and was related to her note-taking methods, and she settled a copyright infringement suit by McTaggart out of court.

McTeague, novel by Frank Norris, published in 1899. The work was considered to be the first great portrait in American literature of an acquisitive society. In McTeague, Norris sought to describe the influence of heredity and environment on human life. The strong yet slow-witted dentist McTeague

Janet McTeer is a British actress who garnered acclaim for her work in theater, television, and film. McTeer won a Tony Award and an Olivier Award for her performance as Nora in A Doll’s House (1996–97), and she received Oscar nominations for her roles in the films Tumbleweeds (1999) and Albert

blues: History and notable musicians: Blind Willie McTell and Blind Boy Fuller were representative of this style. The Texas blues is characterized by high, clear singing accompanied by supple guitar lines that consist typically of single-string picked arpeggios rather than strummed chords. Blind Lemon Jefferson was by far the most…

blood disease: Anemia: The mean corpuscular volume (MCV) normally is 82 to 92 cubic micrometres, and about one-third of this is hemoglobin (mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, or MCHC, normally is 32 to 36 percent). If determined accurately, the MCV and the MCHC are useful indexes of the nature of…

USS Indianapolis: Rescue and aftermath: …commanding officer of the Indianapolis, Capt. Charles B. McVay III, was among the survivors. He became the only ship’s captain in the U.S. Navy to be court-martialed in connection with the loss of his ship in combat in World War II. In February 1946 McVay was found guilty of negligence…

Sean McVay is an American football head coach who, since 2017, has coached the Los Angeles Rams of the NFL. McVay has set several age-related records, most notably becoming the youngest head coach in NFL history to win a Super Bowl (2022). McVay is the eldest child of Cindy McVay and Tim McVay, who

Sean McVay is an American football head coach who, since 2017, has coached the Los Angeles Rams of the NFL. McVay has set several age-related records, most notably becoming the youngest head coach in NFL history to win a Super Bowl (2022). McVay is the eldest child of Cindy McVay and Tim McVay, who

industrial glass: Fabrication: …most popular version is called modified chemical vapour deposition (MCVD). In this method, an example of which is shown in Figure 12, silicon tetrachloride (SiCl4) vapours are mixed with varying quantities of phosphorus oxychloride (POCl3) and either germanium tetrachloride (GeCl4) or boron trichloride (BC13). Heated to 1,300°–1,600° C (2,375°–2,900° F),…

Timothy McVeigh was an American domestic terrorist who carried out the Oklahoma City bombing on April 19, 1995. The explosion, which killed 168 people, was the deadliest terrorist incident on U.S. soil, until the September 11 attacks in 2001. McVeigh was the middle child in a blue-collar family in

Timothy McVeigh was an American domestic terrorist who carried out the Oklahoma City bombing on April 19, 1995. The explosion, which killed 168 people, was the deadliest terrorist incident on U.S. soil, until the September 11 attacks in 2001. McVeigh was the middle child in a blue-collar family in

Fleetwood Mac: June 8, 2018, London), Christine McVie (original name Christine Perfect; b. July 12, 1943, Bouth, Lancashire, England—d. November 30, 2022), Bob Welch (b. August 31, 1945, Los Angeles, California, U.S.—d. June 7, 2012, Nashville, Tennessee), Stevie Nicks (b. May 26, 1948, Phoenix, Arizona, U.S.), and Lindsey Buckingham (b. October…

Fleetwood Mac: …24, 1947, Redruth, Cornwall, England), John McVie (b. November 26, 1945, London, England), Peter Green (original name Peter Greenbaum; b. October 29, 1946, London—d. July 25, 2020, Canvey Island, Sussex), and Jeremy Spencer (b. July 4, 1948, West Hartlepool, Durham, England). Later members included Danny Kirwan (b. May 13, 1950,…

war college: Marine Corps War College: MCWAR, the smallest of the war colleges, was founded in 1990 as the art of war studies program at Quantico, Virginia. Under its present name, it became the Marine Corps’ professional military education school the following year. In 1994 it began…

The Guinness Book of World Records: …the help of sports journalists Norris and Ross McWhirter, and Guinness Superlatives, Ltd., was founded in November 1954 to handle the book’s publication. A year later the McWhirter brothers published the 198-page first edition of roughly 4,000 entries, which were separated into several chapters (e.g., “The Universe,” “The Human Being,”…

The Guinness Book of World Records: …the help of sports journalists Norris and Ross McWhirter, and Guinness Superlatives, Ltd., was founded in November 1954 to handle the book’s publication. A year later the McWhirter brothers published the 198-page first edition of roughly 4,000 entries, which were separated into several chapters (e.g., “The Universe,” “The Human Being,”…

The Guinness Book of World Records: …of sports journalists Norris and Ross McWhirter, and Guinness Superlatives, Ltd., was founded in November 1954 to handle the book’s publication. A year later the McWhirter brothers published the 198-page first edition of roughly 4,000 entries, which were separated into several chapters (e.g., “The Universe,” “The Human Being,” “The Natural…

F.E. McWilliam was an Irish sculptor who worked in wood, stone, and bronze to create Surrealist abstract and semiabstract sculptures. McWilliam studied painting and drawing at the Belfast College of Art in Northern Ireland (1928) and at the Slade School of Fine Art in London (1928–31) before moving

F.E. McWilliam was an Irish sculptor who worked in wood, stone, and bronze to create Surrealist abstract and semiabstract sculptures. McWilliam studied painting and drawing at the Belfast College of Art in Northern Ireland (1928) and at the Slade School of Fine Art in London (1928–31) before moving

Carey McWilliams was an American editor who defended the civil rights of minorities and the oppressed in scores of books. For two decades, he was the outspoken editor of the liberal magazine The Nation. McWilliams, who practiced law in California from 1927 to 1938, was the state’s commissioner of

Julia Child was an American cooking expert, author, and television personality noted for her promotion of traditional French cuisine, especially through her programs on public TV. Julia McWilliams was the daughter of a prosperous financier and consultant, who graduated from Smith College (B.A.,

A’Lelia Walker was an American businesswoman associated with the Harlem Renaissance as a patron of the arts who provided an intellectual forum for the Black literati of New York City during the 1920s. Walker grew up in St. Louis, Missouri, and attended Knoxville College in Tennessee before going to

mendelevium (Md), synthetic chemical element of the actinoid series of the periodic table, atomic number 101. It was the first element to be synthesized and discovered a few atoms at a time. Not occurring in nature, mendelevium (as the isotope mendelevium-256) was discovered (1955) by American

hallucinogen: Psychopharmacological drugs: …region; and the synthetic compounds methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA), methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), and phencyclidine (PCP). Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the active ingredient in cannabis, or marijuana, obtained from the leaves and tops of plants in the genus Cannabis, is also sometimes classified as a hallucinogen.

drug use: National controls: In 1971 the Misuse of Drugs Act (MDA), which has been amended multiple times but remains the country’s primary means of drug control, replaced the Dangerous Drug Act of 1965, which itself had replaced earlier legislation stemming from the 1912 Hague Convention. Similar to the CSA in the…

Bill Hicks: Early life and start in comedy: …local segment of Jerry Lewis’s Muscular Dystrophy Association telethon but were prevented from doing so by Hicks’s parents. At age 15 Hicks began sneaking out of his room at night through a window to appear onstage with Slade at a new comedy club, the Comedy Workshop. A comedic wunderkind, Hicks…

Zimbabwe: The issue of land reform and the rise of the Movement for Democratic Change: Throughout the 1980s and ’90s the government continued to struggle with the issue of land reform. Some 4,000 white farmers collectively controlled about one-third of Zimbabwe’s arable land, and hundreds of white-owned farms were either officially redistributed by the government or…

Hungary: Political reforms: …the new parties was the Hungarian Democratic Forum, followed by Fidesz and the Alliance of Free Democrats. Soon several of the traditional political parties that had been destroyed or emasculated by the communists in the late 1940s also emerged, including the Independent Smallholders’ Party, the Social Democratic Party, the National…

United Nations Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), eight global policy goals designed to end extreme poverty worldwide by 2015. The eight goals—the product of a working committee made up of the World Bank, the World Health Organisation, the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development,

major industrial polymers: Polyurethanes: …diisocyanate (TDI), methylene-4,4′-diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI), and a polymeric isocyanate (PMDI). These isocyanates have the following structures:

Mdina, town, west-central Malta, adjoining Rabat, west of Valletta. Possibly Bronze Age in origin, it has Punic, Greek, and Roman ruins. The name derives from the Arabic word madīnah (“town,” or “city”). It was also named Notabile in the 15th century, possibly by the Castilian rulers who made it

Chad: Continuing conflict: …in late 1998 when the Mouvement pour la Démocratie et la Justice au Tchad (MDJT) began an offensive in the northern part of the country. Other opposition groups later joined forces with the MDJT, and the rebellion continued into the 21st century.

Ecstasy, MDMA (3,4, Methylenedioxymethamphetamine), a euphoria-inducing stimulant and hallucinogen. The use of Ecstasy, commonly known as “E,” has been widespread despite the drug’s having been banned worldwide in 1985 by its addition to the international Convention on Psychotropic Substances. It

Madonna: Music career of the late 1990s and 21st century: With MDNA (2012), which features cameos from rappers M.I.A. and Nicki Minaj, Madonna continued to prove herself a shrewd assimilator of cutting-edge musical styles. Rebel Heart (2015), featuring production work by Diplo and Kanye West and guest appearances from Minaj and

A-mdo, one of three historical regions of Central Asia (the other two being Dbus-Gtsang and Khams) into which Tibet was once divided. Between the 7th and 9th centuries ce, the Tibetan kingdom was extended until it reached the Tarim Basin to the north, China to the east, India and Nepal to the

Khams, one of three historical regions of Central Asia (the other two being A-mdo and Dbus-Gtsang) into which Tibet was once divided. Between the 7th and 9th centuries ce, the Tibetan kingdom was extended until it reached the Tarim Basin to the north, China to the east, India and Nepal to the

Mohamed Nasheed: Early life and political activism: …he helped found the opposition Maldivian Democratic Party (MDP) in November 2004.

Democratic Party of Korea (DP), centrist-liberal political party in South Korea. The party supports greater human rights, improved relations with North Korea, and an economic policy described as “new progressivism.” The party was founded by Kim Dae-Jung in 1995 as the National Congress for New

tuberculosis: Treatment: …the development and spread of MDR TB, the World Health Organization began encouraging countries to implement a compliance program called directly observed therapy (DOT). Instead of taking daily medication on their own, patients are directly observed by a clinician or responsible family member while taking larger doses twice a week.…

feed: Determination: …measured as digestible energy (DE), metabolizable energy (ME), net energy (NE), or total digestible nutrients (TDN). These values differ with species. The gross energy (GE) value of a feed is the amount of heat liberated when it is burned in a bomb calorimeter. The drawback of using this value is…

myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS), condition characterized by persistent debilitating fatigue that has no identifiable cause. ME/CFS is a remarkably complex illness and remains incompletely understood. These factors complicate its accurate diagnosis and have raised

Bf 109, Nazi Germany’s most important fighter aircraft, both in operational importance and in numbers produced. It was commonly referred to as the Me 109 after its designer, Willy Messerschmitt. Designed by the Bavarian Airplane Company in response to a 1934 Luftwaffe specification for a

air warfare: Air superiority: … and the German Ju-88 and Bf-110. Some of these long-range, twin-engined night fighters also served as “intruders,” slipping into enemy bomber formations, following them home, and shooting them down over their own airfields.

Alexander M. Lippisch: …liquid-fuel rocket aircraft (the Messerschmitt Me 163 Komet fighter, first used by the Luftwaffe in 1944). After World War II Lippisch moved to the United States and in 1965 established the Lippisch Research Corporation, Cedar Rapids, Iowa. He was an early proponent of the delta-wing configuration.

air warfare: The jet age: …operational jet fighter, the German Me-262, outflew the best Allied escorts while attacking bomber formations. This introduced the jet age, in which aircraft soon flew at more than twice the speed of sound (741 miles per hour at sea level and 659 miles per hour at 36,000 feet) and easily…

Kris Kristofferson: Music career: “Me and Bobby McGee,” though usually associated with Janis Joplin (who recorded it shortly before her death in 1970), was written by Kristofferson and first recorded by Roger Miller in 1969. It was later recorded by Kenny Rogers (1969) and Gordon Lightfoot (1970) as well…