data mining: Pattern mining: Pattern mining concentrates on identifying rules that describe specific patterns within the data. Market-basket analysis, which identifies items that typically occur together in purchase transactions, was one of the first applications of data mining. For example, supermarkets used market-basket analysis to identify items…

pattern poetry, verse in which the typography or lines are arranged in an unusual configuration, usually to convey or extend the emotional content of the words. Of ancient (probably Eastern) origin, pattern poems are found in the Greek Anthology, which includes work composed between the 7th century

pattern recognition, in computer science, the imposition of identity on input data, such as speech, images, or a stream of text, by the recognition and delineation of patterns it contains and their relationships. Stages in pattern recognition may involve measurement of the object to identify

William Gibson: Pattern Recognition (2003) follows a marketing consultant who is hired to track down the origins of a mysterious Internet video. In Spook Country (2007), characters navigate a world filled with spies, ghosts, and other nefarious unseen agents. Zero History (2010), which completed a trilogy that…

patternmaking, In materials processing, the first step in casting and molding processes, the making of an accurate model of the part, somewhat oversize to allow for shrinkage of the cast material as it cools. Foundry workers then make a mold from the pattern, introduce the liquid into the mold, and

Octavia E. Butler: The first of her novels, Patternmaster (1976), was the beginning of her five-volume Patternist series about an elite group of mentally linked telepaths ruled by Doro, a 4,000-year-old immortal African. Other novels in the series are Mind of My Mind (1977), Survivor (1978), Wild Seed (1980), and Clay’s Ark (1984).

Marvin Wolfgang: In Patterns in Criminal Homicide (1958), Wolfgang analyzed nearly 600 murders in Philadelphia and concluded that many homicides among people of lower social status result from trivial conflicts and insults and that the victims initiate the conflict more than one-fourth of the time. In The Subculture…

Ruth Benedict: Patterns of Culture (1934), Benedict’s major contribution to anthropology, compares Zuñi, Dobu, and Kwakiutl cultures in order to demonstrate how small a portion of the possible range of human behaviour is incorporated into any one culture; she argues that it is the "personality," the particular…

Alicia Patterson was an American journalist who was cofounder and longtime publisher and editor of the Pulitzer Prize-winning newspaper Newsday. Patterson was of Chicago’s journalistic dynasty. She was the daughter of Joseph Medill Patterson and the great-granddaughter of Joseph Medill of the

Alice Coachman: …Olympics in London, her teammate Audrey Patterson earned a bronze medal in the 200-metre sprint to become the first Black woman to win a medal. In the high-jump finals Coachman leaped 5 feet 6 1 8 inches (1.68 m) on her first try. Her nearest rival, Britain’s Dorothy Tyler, matched…

Eleanor Medill Patterson was the flamboyant editor and publisher of the Washington Times-Herald. Elinor Patterson came from one of the great American newspaper families: her grandfather, Joseph Medill, had been editor in chief of the Chicago Tribune; her father, Robert W. Patterson, and her cousin,

Eleanor Medill Patterson was the flamboyant editor and publisher of the Washington Times-Herald. Elinor Patterson came from one of the great American newspaper families: her grandfather, Joseph Medill, had been editor in chief of the Chicago Tribune; her father, Robert W. Patterson, and her cousin,

Eleanor Medill Patterson was the flamboyant editor and publisher of the Washington Times-Herald. Elinor Patterson came from one of the great American newspaper families: her grandfather, Joseph Medill, had been editor in chief of the Chicago Tribune; her father, Robert W. Patterson, and her cousin,

Florence Green was a British servicewoman who was the last surviving veteran of World War I. Patterson joined the newly created Women’s Royal Air Force (WRAF) on September 13, 1918, at age 17 and was assigned to work as a steward in the officers’ mess halls at the Marham and Narborough airfields in

Floyd Patterson was an American professional boxer, the first to hold the world heavyweight championship twice. (Read Gene Tunney’s 1929 Britannica essay on boxing.) Born into poverty in North Carolina, Patterson grew up in Brooklyn, New York. He learned to box while in a school for emotionally

Frederick Douglass Patterson was an American educator and prominent black leader. He served as the president of Tuskegee Normal and Industrial Institute (later Tuskegee Institute; now Tuskegee University) in 1935–53, and was the founder of the United Negro College Fund (1944). Patterson received

Black Hawk: …LeClair, a mixed-race interpreter, and J.P. Patterson, a newspaper editor. Before the end of the year, they had edited and published Life of Ma-Ka-Tai-Me-She-Kia-Kiak or Black Hawk. While its authenticity was questioned at the time, it is generally accepted now as Black Hawk’s autobiography. But it should not be viewed…

James Patterson is an American author, principally known for his thriller and suspense novels. His prolific output and business savvy made him a ubiquitous presence on best-seller lists in the late 20th and early 21st centuries. Patterson studied English at Manhattan College (B.A., 1969) and at

James Patterson is an American author, principally known for his thriller and suspense novels. His prolific output and business savvy made him a ubiquitous presence on best-seller lists in the late 20th and early 21st centuries. Patterson studied English at Manhattan College (B.A., 1969) and at

New York Times Co. v. Sullivan: Background: The following day Governor John Patterson, who was ex officio chairman of the state board of education, demanded the expulsion of the students from the public college. Two days later most of the 800 students at Alabama State marched to the state capitol to protest Patterson’s actions. While state…

John Henry Patterson was an American manufacturer who helped popularize the modern cash register by means of aggressive and innovative sales techniques. Patterson began his career as a toll collector for the Miami & Erie Canal and then went into business selling coal with his brother. Convinced

Joseph Medill Patterson was an American journalist, coeditor and publisher—with his cousin Robert Rutherford McCormick—of the Chicago Tribune from 1914 to 1925; he subsequently became better known as editor and publisher of the New York Daily News, the first successful tabloid newspaper in the

Eliza Johnson: …social duties to her daughter, Martha Patterson, who won praise for her simple ways and hard work. Finding the White House (then known as the Executive Mansion) in disrepair, Johnson used a congressional appropriation of $30,000 to refurbish it, and she arranged for two cows to live on the White…

Jamaica: The independent country: …1992 and was replaced by P.J. Patterson, who stabilized the economy through austerity measures. During the 1990s the PNP retained power, partly because the JLP split in 1995 (creating a third party, the National Democratic Movement). The start of disengagement by the political parties from gang leaders and the establishment…

First Battle of Bull Run: The armies gather: Robert Patterson threatened Harpers Ferry with a larger force, Johnston evacuated his post on June 15 and fell back, covering the Manassas Gap railway.

soft news: …makes news “hard” or “soft,” Thomas E. Patterson of the John F. Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University argued in his public-policy paper “Doing Well and Doing Good” that soft news “weakens the foundation of democracy by diminishing the public’s information about public affairs and its interest in politics.”…

Arturo Gatti: …12-round upset of IBF champion Tracy Patterson of the United States; after three successful defenses and several nontitle bouts, Gatti defeated Gianluca Branco of Italy on January 24, 2004, to capture the vacant WBC junior welterweight (super lightweight) belt. He had two successful defenses before losing that title to American…

William Patterson was an American airline executive who played a major role in shaping the history of aviation as the pioneering first president of United Airlines (1934–63), which became the world’s largest commercial air carrier. In 1929 Patterson persuaded Philip G. Johnson (president of the

Victorien Sardou: …Les Pattes de mouche (1860; A Scrap of Paper) is a model of the well-made play. He relied heavily on theatrical devices to create an illusion of life, and this largely accounts for his rapid decline in popularity. Madame Sans-Gêne, his last success, is still performed. His initial successes he…

Abhidhamma Pitaka: …two opposite ways, and (7) Patthana (“Activations,” or “Causes”), a complex and voluminous treatment of causality and 23 other kinds of relationships between phenomena, mental or material. Historically one of the most important of the seven, the Kathavatthu is a series of questions from a heretical (i.e., non-Theravada) point of…

Adelina Patti was an Italian soprano who was one of the great coloratura singers of the 19th century. Patti was the daughter of two singers—Salvatore Patti, a tenor, and Caterina Chiesa Barilli-Patti, a soprano. As a child she went to the United States, and she appeared in concerts in New York City

Adelina Patti was an Italian soprano who was one of the great coloratura singers of the 19th century. Patti was the daughter of two singers—Salvatore Patti, a tenor, and Caterina Chiesa Barilli-Patti, a soprano. As a child she went to the United States, and she appeared in concerts in New York City

Lokoja: …in the vicinity, and nearby Mount Patti, the original site of Lokoja, is a 1,349-foot- (411-metre-) high mass of oolitic iron ore. Lokoja is situated on the local highway between Kabba and Ayangbe and has ferry service across the Niger River. Pop. (2016 est.) local government area, 265,400.

Little Rock Nine: The group—consisting of Melba Pattillo, Ernest Green, Elizabeth Eckford, Minnijean Brown, Terrence Roberts, Carlotta Walls, Jefferson Thomas, Gloria Ray, and Thelma Mothershed—became the centre of the struggle to desegregate public schools in

Anatolia: The neo-Hittite states from c. 1180 to 700 bce: King Tutammu of Patina, who had been strategically safe as long as Arpad had not been conquered, also was defeated and his land turned into an Assyrian province. In 738 Samal, Milid, Kaska, Tabal, and Tuwanuwa (classical Tyana) came to terms with the Assyrian king. The Assyrian influence…

Buddhism: Female deities: …important exception is the goddess Pattini, who is a significant figure in the Theravada pantheon in Sri Lanka.

Robert Pattinson is an English actor who became a celebrity for his role as the dreamy vampire Edward Cullen in the Twilight Saga movie series (2008–12) before later establishing his bona fides as a serious actor in independent films, notably Cosmopolis (2012), Good Time (2017), and The Lighthouse

Robert Pattinson is an English actor who became a celebrity for his role as the dreamy vampire Edward Cullen in the Twilight Saga movie series (2008–12) before later establishing his bona fides as a serious actor in independent films, notably Cosmopolis (2012), Good Time (2017), and The Lighthouse

Homestead Strike: Robert Emory Pattison for help; he responded by sending in 8,500 soldiers of the state National Guard. The plant was turned over to the militiamen on July 12. By July 15 the plant was again operational but with replacement workers.

Julia Margaret Cameron was a British photographer who is considered one of the greatest portrait photographers of the 19th century. The daughter of an officer in the East India Company, Julia Margaret Pattle married jurist Charles Hay Cameron in 1838. The couple had six children, and in 1860 the

Francis Ford Coppola: Early years: Schaffner on the screenplay for Patton (1970).

Monroeville, borough (municipality), Allegheny county, southwestern Pennsylvania, U.S., on the Pennsylvania Turnpike, 13 miles (21 km) east of Pittsburgh. In the 19th century it was widely known as a stagecoach stop between Pittsburgh and Philadelphia, and its subsequent growth resulted from its

Outkast: ) and Antwan André Patton (byname Big Boi; b. February 1, 1975, Savannah, Georgia, U.S.) joined forces at a performing arts high school in Atlanta. Discovering their mutual admiration for hip-hop and the funk musicians who became their stylistic touchstones (Parliament-Funkadelic, Sly and the Family Stone, and…

Charley Patton was an American blues singer-guitarist who was among the earliest and most influential Mississippi blues performers. Patton spent most of his life in the Delta region of northwestern Mississippi, and from about 1900 he was often based at Dockery’s plantation in Sunflower county.

Charley Patton was an American blues singer-guitarist who was among the earliest and most influential Mississippi blues performers. Patton spent most of his life in the Delta region of northwestern Mississippi, and from about 1900 he was often based at Dockery’s plantation in Sunflower county.

George Patton was a U.S. Army officer who was an outstanding practitioner of mobile tank warfare in the European and Mediterranean theatres during World War II. His strict discipline, toughness, and self-sacrifice elicited exceptional pride within his ranks, and the general was colourfully referred

George Patton was a U.S. Army officer who was an outstanding practitioner of mobile tank warfare in the European and Mediterranean theatres during World War II. His strict discipline, toughness, and self-sacrifice elicited exceptional pride within his ranks, and the general was colourfully referred

Paul Allen: …Allen cofounded, with his sister Jo Lynn (“Jody”) Allen Patton, the personal holding company Vulcan Inc. to oversee his investments. He became the owner of the professional basketball team the Portland Trail Blazers (from 1988) and a cofounder, with Patton, of the Paul G. Allen Family Foundation (1990)—a private foundation…

South Asian arts: Period of the Tamil Cōḷa Empire (10th–13th century): …led to the literature of pāṭṭu (“song”), in which only Dravidian, or Tamil, phonemes may occur and Tamil-like second-syllable rhymes are kept. The best known pāṭṭu is Rāmacaritam (c. 12th–13th century; “Deeds of Rāma”), probably the earliest Malayalam work written in a mixture of Tamil and Malayalam. Other pāṭṭus in…

Patty Berg: …1978 the LPGA established the Patty Berg Award for outstanding contributions to women’s golf; the prize was awarded to Berg in 1990. She continued to appear occasionally in tournaments in later years and conducted golf clinics as she toured the country for Wilson Sporting Goods. Berg also wrote several books…

children’s literature: The 20th century: Patapoufs et filifers, by André Maurois, a gentle satire on war, has lasted (Eng. trans. Pattypuffs and Thinifers, 1948; reissued 1968). His fantastic Le Pays des 36,000 volontés is almost as popular. The famous dramatist Charles Vildrac has done much to advance the cause of…

Patuakhali, town, south-central Bangladesh. It is situated along the Patuakhali River, a distributary of the Arial Khan River. A trading centre for rice, flour, jute, textiles, and milled wood, it is connected by road and river with Barisal. It is home to the Patuakhali Science and Technology

Patuca River, river in northeastern Honduras, formed southeast of Juticalpa by the merger of the Guayape and Guayambre rivers. It flows northeastward for approximately 200 miles (320 km), emerging from the highlands and crossing the Mosquito Coast to empty into the Caribbean Sea at Patuca Point.

Fairfield: …Suisun Bay, was inhabited by Suisun (Patwin) Indians, who were attacked by Spaniards in 1810. In the 1830s the Mexican governor gave local Indians a land grant known as Suisun Rancho. The settlement fared poorly, however, and the grant was sold. Fairfield was founded in 1856 by Robert Waterman, a…

William of Waynflete was an English lord chancellor and bishop of Winchester who founded Magdalen College of the University of Oxford. Little is known of his early years, but he evidently earned a reputation as a scholar before becoming master of Winchester College in 1429. He became a fellow at

primitive culture: The community of self-serving households: …town and tourist centre of Pátzcuaro. These are the fishing-, agricultural-, and handicraft-specialist villages of the Tarascan Indians. But many more thousands of Tarascans also live scattered in the adjacent mountains, making only infrequent visits to the market centres.

Mexico: Drainage of Mexico: Lakes Pátzcuaro and Cuitzeo, west of Mexico City, are remnants of vast lakes and marshes that covered much of the southern Mesa Central before European settlement.

Pechenegs, a seminomadic, apparently Turkic people who occupied the steppes north of the Black Sea (8th–12th century) and by the 10th century were in control of the lands between the Don and lower Danube rivers (after having driven the Hungarians out); they thus became a serious menace to

Pau, town, capital of Pyrénées-Atlantiques département, Nouvelle-Aquitaine région, southwestern France. The capital of the former province of Béarn, Pau is mainly a spa and tourism centre. It stands on the edge of a plateau 130 feet (40 metres) above the valley of the Pau Stream, which descends

Pedro Álvares Cabral: …from a kind of dyewood, pau-brasil, that is found there.

Oswald de Andrade: …Andrade, in his literary manifesto Pau-Brasil (1925; “Brazil Wood”), called for a rejection of Portuguese social and literary artifice and a return to what he saw as the primitive spontaneity of expression of the indigenous Brazilians, emphasizing the need for modern Brazil to become aware of its own heritage. To…

abalone, any of several marine snails, constituting the genus Haliotis and family Haliotidae in the subclass Prosobranchia (class Gastropoda), in which the shell has a row of holes on its outer surface. Abalones are found in warm seas worldwide. The dishlike shell is perforated near one edge by a

opossum: Classification: Order Paucituberculata (rat, or shrew, opossums) 6 species in 1 family. Family Caenolestidae 6 species in 3 genera found in South America.

Nepali literature: The poet Lekhnāth Pauḍyāl in the early 20th century also tended to the colloquial and used the rhythms of popular songs in some of his poems.

New Orleans: Foundation and early settlement: An engineer, Adrien de Pauger, drafted the first plan for the town, encompassing what is now the Vieux Carré and consisting of 66 squares forming a parallelogram.

Bishop Museum: …American husband of Hawaiian Princess Bernice Pauahi (died 1884), the last direct descendant of Kamehameha I. In 1961 a planetarium and an observatory were added to emphasize the role of astronomy in the cultural history of Pacific Island peoples. The Bishop Museum also operates the Hawai‘i Maritime Center (in Honolulu…

Romania: The seizure of power: …mainly of ethnic Romanians), and Ana Pauker, who headed the “Muscovites” (those who had spent their careers mainly in the Soviet Union and were not ethnic Romanians). Extraordinary pressure by Soviet authorities forced King Michael to appoint a procommunist government led by the fellow-traveler Petru Groza on March 6.

Paul was the king of Greece (1947–64) who helped his country overcome communist guerrilla forces after World War II. Paul, the third son of King Constantine I of Greece, left Greece with his father following Constantine’s deposition in 1917. He refused the crown after the death of his brother, King

Jane Lynch: …Lynch appeared in the comedies Paul (2011), The Three Stooges (2012), and A.C.O.D. (2013) and had recurring roles in a number of TV series, including Party Down (2009–10). She also lent her voice to the animated movies Wreck-It Ralph (2012) and its sequel, Ralph Breaks the Internet (2018). In 2017…

Paul was the emperor of Russia from 1796 to 1801. Son of Peter III (reigned 1762) and Catherine the Great (reigned 1762–96), Paul was reared by his father’s aunt, the empress Elizabeth (reigned 1741–61). After 1760 he was tutored by Catherine’s close adviser, the learned diplomat Nikita Ivanovich

Acts of Paul, one of the earliest of a series of pseudepigraphal (noncanonical) New Testament writings known collectively as the Apocryphal Acts. Probably written about ad 160–180, the Acts of Paul is an account of the Apostle Paul’s travels and teachings. It includes, among others, an episode

Jacques-Henri Bernardin de Saint-Pierre: …who is best remembered for Paul et Virginie, a short novel about innocent love.

Kevin James: Film roles: Paul Blart: Mall Cop, Grown Ups, and Becky: …security guard, in the comedy Paul Blart: Mall Cop (2009), which showcased his physical comedy skills in a number of slapstick sequences. The movie, which James cowrote, was a commercial success and spawned a sequel, Paul Blart: Mall Cop 2 (2015). James also appeared in the ensemble comedies Grown Ups…

Kevin James: Film roles: Paul Blart: Mall Cop, Grown Ups, and Becky: …success and spawned a sequel, Paul Blart: Mall Cop 2 (2015). James also appeared in the ensemble comedies Grown Ups (2010) and Grown Ups 2 (2013) and was the lead in Zookeeper (2011), Here Comes the Boom (2012), and True Memoirs of an International Assassin (2016).

Cincinnati Bengals: …moved into a football-only venue, Paul Brown Stadium.

Moon Jae-In: Early life and education: Moon participated in Operation Paul Bunyan, the subsequent massive show of force that accompanied the complete removal of the tree. After completing his military service in 1978, Moon returned to his studies and earned a law degree from Kyung Hee University in 1980. In 1982 he established a…

Jacques-Henri Bernardin de Saint-Pierre: …who is best remembered for Paul et Virginie, a short novel about innocent love.

Paul was the emperor of Russia from 1796 to 1801. Son of Peter III (reigned 1762) and Catherine the Great (reigned 1762–96), Paul was reared by his father’s aunt, the empress Elizabeth (reigned 1741–61). After 1760 he was tutored by Catherine’s close adviser, the learned diplomat Nikita Ivanovich

Saint Paul I ; feast day June 28) was the pope from 757 to 767. His alliance with the Franks strengthened the young Papal States. Consecrated deacon by Pope St. Zacharias, he became a key member of the Curia under his brother Pope Stephen II (or III), whom he was elected on April 26, 757, to

Paul II was an Italian pope from 1464 to 1471. He was bishop of the Italian cities of Cervia and Vicenza before being made cardinal by Pope Eugenius IV in 1440. After services in the Curia under popes Nicholas V and Calixtus III, he became governor of Campania in 1456. Elected Pope Pius II’s

Paul III was an Italian noble who was the last of the Renaissance popes (reigned 1534–49) and the first pope of the Counter-Reformation. The worldly Paul III was a notable patron of the arts and at the same time encouraged the beginning of the reform movement that was to deeply affect the Roman

Titian: Portraits: …most celebrated of all is Paul III and His Grandsons Ottavio and Cardinal Alessandro Farnese (1546). A painting of a family group, it is most searching in psychological revelation. The feeble pope, then aged 78, appears to turn suddenly in his chair toward Ottavio Farnese, his 22-year-old grandson. Ottavio’s overly…

Paul IV was an Italian Counter-Reformation pope from 1555 to 1559, whose anti-Spanish policy renewed the war between France and the Habsburgs. Of noble birth, he owed his ecclesiastical advancement to the influence of his uncle Cardinal Oliviero Carafa. As bishop of Chieti, Carafa served Pope Leo X

Prince Paul Karadjordjević was the regent of Yugoslavia in the period leading into World War II. Paul’s uncle was King Peter I of Serbia, and Paul’s mother was a Russian princess of the Demidov family. He was educated in Geneva and Belgrade, and in 1910 he moved to Britain to attend the University

Dunbar High School, high school in Washington, D.C., that was the first Black public high school in the United States. Since it opened in 1870, it has educated many notable figures, including surgeon Charles Richard Drew, jurist William Henry Hastie, Jr., and writer Jean Toomer. Its faculty has

Paul McCartney and Wings, British-American rock band founded by Beatles icon Paul McCartney (b. June 18, 1942, Liverpool, England) and his wife, Linda McCartney (b. Linda Eastman, September 24, 1941, Scarsdale, New York—d. April 17, 1998, Tucson, Arizona). After a lackluster start, the band became

A masterful vocalist, skilled bass player, extraordinary melodist, and underrated lyricist, Paul McCartney joined with John Lennon to form one of the most renowned songwriting partnerships in the history of popular music. Together they created scores of instantly recognizable chart-topping hits for

Paul of Aegina was an Alexandrian physician and surgeon, the last major ancient Greek medical encyclopaedist, who wrote the Epitomēs iatrikēs biblio hepta, better known by its Latin title, Epitomae medicae libri septem (“Medical Compendium in Seven Books”), containing nearly everything known about

Paul of Samosata was a heretical bishop of Antioch in Syria and proponent of a kind of dynamic Monarchian doctrine on the nature of Jesus Christ (see Monarchianism). The only indisputably contemporary document concerning him is a letter written by his ecclesiastical opponents, according to which he

biblical literature: Syriac versions: …version) was made by Bishop Paul of Tella in 617 from the Hexaplaric text of the Septuagint. A Palestinian Syriac version, extant in fragments, is known to go back to at least 700, and a fresh recension was made by Jacob of Edessa (died 708).

Saint Paul of The Cross ; canonized 1867; feast day October 19) was the founder of the order of missionary priests known as the Passionists. In 1720 Paul dedicated his life to God and began to experience visions, in the last of which the Virgin Mary appeared to him. He was inspired by this vision

St. Paul of Thebes ; feast day January 15) was an ascetic who is traditionally regarded as the first Christian hermit. According to St. Jerome, his biographer, Paul fled to the Theban desert during the persecution of Christians (249–251) under the Roman emperor Decius. Thereafter he lived a life of

Paul Of Venice was an Italian Augustinian philosopher and theologian who gained recognition as an educator and author of works on logic. Paul studied at the universities of Oxford and Padua, where he also lectured (1408–15), and became Venetian ambassador to Poland (1413), but difficulties with the

Anne Newport Royall: …1831 she began to publish Paul Pry, a Washington newspaper; it was succeeded by The Huntress (1836–54). In those newspapers Royall crusaded against government corruption and incompetence and promoted states’ rights, Sunday mail service, and tolerance for Roman Catholics and Masons. John Quincy Adams called her a “virago errant in…

David Hackett Fischer: His groundbreaking Paul Revere’s Ride (1994) was a close biographical study of Revere and that famous event. The work debunked myths and resituated Revere—he of the legendary cry “The British are coming!”—as a colonist who, as such, would have considered himself British as well. Washington’s Crossing (2004)…

Paul Revere’s Ride, poem by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, published in 1861 and later collected in Tales of a Wayside Inn (1863). This popular folk ballad about a hero of the American Revolution is written in anapestic tetrameter, which was meant to suggest the galloping of a horse, and is narrated

Kyle Abraham: …Only the Lonely for the Paul Taylor Dance Company, and Ash, a solo piece for Misty Copeland, principal dancer with the American Ballet Theatre.

St. Paul the Apostle was one of the leaders of the first generation of Christians, often considered to be the most important person after Jesus in the history of Christianity. In his own day, although he was a major figure within the very small Christian movement, he also had many enemies and

Paul The Deacon was a Lombard historian and poet, whose Historia Langobardorum (“History of the Lombards”) is the principal source on his people. Born to a rich and noble family of Friuli, northeast of Venice, Paul spent many years at the Lombard court in Pavia, serving as councillor under King

St. Paul of Thebes ; feast day January 15) was an ascetic who is traditionally regarded as the first Christian hermit. According to St. Jerome, his biographer, Paul fled to the Theban desert during the persecution of Christians (249–251) under the Roman emperor Decius. Thereafter he lived a life of