Ryde, town (parish) on the northeastern coast of the Isle of Wight, historic county of Hampshire, southern England. It lies opposite Portsmouth on the mainland. The town is located on the site of a former village called La Rye, which the French destroyed early in the 14th century. Still a small

Mark Rydell is an American actor and director who was best known for helming On Golden Pond (1981). Rydell trained at the Juilliard School of Music and The Actors Studio. He initially worked as a jazz pianist, and in 1952 he made his Broadway debut, appearing in Seagulls over Sorrento. The

Mark Rydell is an American actor and director who was best known for helming On Golden Pond (1981). Rydell trained at the Juilliard School of Music and The Actors Studio. He initially worked as a jazz pianist, and in 1952 he made his Broadway debut, appearing in Seagulls over Sorrento. The

Ryder Cup, biennial professional team golf event first held in 1927. It was played between teams of golfers from the United States and Great Britain until the 1970s, when the British team was expanded to include players from Ireland (1973) and from all of Europe (1979). The trophy was donated by

Albert Pinkham Ryder was an American painter, noted for his highly personal seascapes and mystical allegorical scenes. About 1870 Ryder settled permanently in New York City, where he briefly studied painting. His formal training, however, did little to affect his early work, consisting largely of

Charles Ryder, fictional character, a British officer who provides the narrative voice in Evelyn Waugh’s novel Brideshead Revisited

speciesism: …introduced by the English philosopher Richard Ryder in the 1970s and subsequently popularized by the Australian philosopher Peter Singer. Ryder, Singer, and other opponents of speciesism have claimed that it is exactly analogous to racism, sexism, and other forms of irrational discrimination and prejudice.

Ryder Cup: The trophy was donated by Samuel Ryder, a British seed merchant, for a biennial golf competition to alternate between British and U.S. venues. The players for each side were chosen by professional golf associations. The competition has been match play, foursomes (partners taking alternate strokes) one day and singles the…

Winona Ryder is an American actress who played prominent roles in such popular films as Beetlejuice (1988), Heathers (1988), Bram Stoker’s Dracula (1992), and The Age of Innocence (1993). Ryder initially was known for playing offbeat, outsider characters but later gained critical acclaim in leading

World War II: The campaign in Poland, 1939: …the commander in chief, Marshal Edward Rydz-Śmigły. The Poles’ forward concentration in general forfeited their chance of fighting a series of delaying actions, since their foot-marching army was unable to retreat to their defensive positions in the rear or to man them before being overrun by the invader’s mechanized columns.

Rye, town (parish), Rother district, administrative county of East Sussex, historic county of Sussex, southeastern England. It is situated on a hill by the River Rother, about 2 miles (3 km) from the English Channel. Originally a seaport, Rye was incorporated in 1289 and became a full member of the

Rye, city and town (township), on Long Island Sound, in Westchester county, southeastern New York, U.S. The original town site, at Pendingo Neck, was first settled (1660) by a company of men from Greenwich, Connecticut, who had purchased the land from the Siwanoy Indians; they named it (1665) for

rye, (Secale cereale), cereal grass (family Poaceae) and its edible grain that is chiefly used to make rye bread and rye whiskey. It is high in carbohydrates and dietary fibre and provides small quantities of protein, potassium, and B vitamins. Rye is also used as livestock feed, as a pasture

kvass: …local or private custom, although rye bread fermented with malt is the base. Mint is frequently added for flavouring, or sometimes fruit, such as apples or raspberries.

Rye House Plot, (1683), alleged Whig conspiracy to assassinate or mount an insurrection against Charles II of England because of his pro-Roman Catholic policies. The plot drew its name from Rye House at Hoddesdon, Hertfordshire, near which ran a narrow road where Charles was supposed to be killed

Colin Firth: Later credits: …cameo in the romantic comedy Rye Lane (2023). In the miniseries Lockerbie: A Search for Truth (2025), Firth played a father whose daughter was killed in the bombing of Pan Am flight 103.

rye whiskey, whiskey that is distilled from a mash in which rye grain predominates. See

Ryedale, district, administrative county of North Yorkshire, historic county of Yorkshire, northern England. It is named for a small dale and river draining into the Vale of Pickering. Malton is the administrative centre. The predominantly rural district is the largest in area in North Yorkshire.

ryegrass, (genus Lolium), genus of about 10 species of grass in the family Poaceae. A number of species are grown as forage and lawn grasses in temperate Eurasia and Africa, and both perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) and annual ryegrass (L. multiflorum) are important constituents of pasture and

Ryerson University, privately endowed institution of higher learning in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It was founded in 1948 as the Ryerson Institute of Technology, named after the educator Egerton Ryerson (1803–82). In 1963–64 the school’s name changed to Ryerson Polytechnic Institute, and in 2002 it

Ryerson University, privately endowed institution of higher learning in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It was founded in 1948 as the Ryerson Institute of Technology, named after the educator Egerton Ryerson (1803–82). In 1963–64 the school’s name changed to Ryerson Polytechnic Institute, and in 2002 it

Egerton Ryerson was a Canadian provincial educator and Methodist church leader who founded the public education system of what is now Ontario province. After his own local education, Ryerson taught for a time at a nearby school. He took further studies in Hamilton, Ontario, and then entered the

Egerton Ryerson was a Canadian provincial educator and Methodist church leader who founded the public education system of what is now Ontario province. After his own local education, Ryerson taught for a time at a nearby school. He took further studies in Hamilton, Ontario, and then entered the

Staffordshire: …are now Watling Street and Ryknield Street, intersecting near Lichfield. Roman settlements developed along those roads, including Letocetum (near Wall; at their intersection) and Pennocrucium (near Penkridge). From the 7th until the 9th century the area was the centre of the Anglo-Saxon kingdom of Mercia. Tamworth was the kingdom’s political…

Aleksey Ivanovich Rykov was a Bolshevik leader who became a prominent Soviet official after the Russian Revolution (October 1917) and one of Joseph Stalin’s major opponents during the late 1920s. Rykov joined the Russian Social-Democratic Workers’ Party at the age of 18, became a member of its

Mark Rylance is a British theatre actor and director recognized not only for his period-specific enactments of both male and female roles in the works of William Shakespeare but also for his poignant portrayals of contemporary characters. Rylance, habitually consumed by his roles, often kept in

tort: Strict liability statutes: …by the English decision of Ryland v. Fletcher (1868), which held that anyone who in the course of “non-natural” use of his land accumulates thereon for his own purposes anything likely to do mischief if it escapes is answerable for all direct damage thereby caused. The German statutes, however, deserve…

William Blake: Education as artist and engraver: …the successful and fashionable engraver William Wynne Ryland. Ryland’s fee, perhaps £100, was both “more attainable” than that of fashionable painters and still, for the Blakes, very high; furthermore the boy interposed an unexpected objection: “Father, I do not like the man’s face; it looks as if he will live…

Gilbert Ryle was a British philosopher and a leading figure in the “Oxford philosophy,” or “ordinary language,” movement. Ryle gained first-class honours at Queen’s College, Oxford, and became a lecturer at Christ Church College in 1924. Throughout his career, which remained centred at Oxford, he

Sir Martin Ryle was a British radio astronomer who developed revolutionary radio telescope systems and used them for accurate location of weak radio sources. With improved equipment, he observed the most distant known galaxies of the universe. Ryle and Antony Hewish shared the Nobel Prize for

Kondraty Fyodorovich Ryleyev was a Russian poet and revolutionary, a leader in the Decembrist revolt of 1825. Ryleyev came from a family of poor gentry. He served in the army, spending time in Germany, Switzerland, and France. After his return to Russia, he went to live in Voronezh province, where

Kondraty Fyodorovich Ryleyev was a Russian poet and revolutionary, a leader in the Decembrist revolt of 1825. Ryleyev came from a family of poor gentry. He served in the army, spending time in Germany, Switzerland, and France. After his return to Russia, he went to live in Voronezh province, where

Robert Ryman was an American painter whose lifelong production of white paintings reflect a connection to minimalism. Despite the look of his paintings, however, Ryman did not consider himself an abstract painter because, as he said, “I don’t abstract from anything.…I am involved with real space,

Thomas Rymer was an English literary critic who introduced into England the principles of French formalist Neoclassical criticism. As historiographer royal, he also compiled a collection of treaties of considerable value to the medievalist. Rymer left Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge, without

skimmer, any of three species of water birds that constitute the family Rynchopidae in the order Charadriiformes. The skimmer is distinguished by a unique bladelike bill, the lower mandible of which is one-third longer than the upper mandible. By day the skimmer rests onshore, and at twilight the

skimmer: The largest skimmer is the black skimmer (Rynchops nigra; see photograph) of America, which grows to 50 cm (20 inches) long. The African skimmer (R. flavirostris) and the Indian skimmer (R. albicollis) are smaller.

Japanese music: Tonal system: >ryo scale shows no great difference from the Chinese seven-tone scale. The ritsu scale, however, seems to reveal the early presence of an indigenous Japanese tonal ideal with the placement of its half steps.

Ryōan Temple, Japanese Buddhist temple in Kyōto, famous for its abstract meditation garden (c. 1500). An area approximately 30 by 70 ft (10 by 20 m) is covered with raked gravel and set with 15 stones divided into five unequal groups. The pattern of the design may be interpreted as rocky islets in

Ryōan Temple, Japanese Buddhist temple in Kyōto, famous for its abstract meditation garden (c. 1500). An area approximately 30 by 70 ft (10 by 20 m) is covered with raked gravel and set with 15 stones divided into five unequal groups. The pattern of the design may be interpreted as rocky islets in

Ryōbu Shintō, in Japanese religion, the syncretic school that combined Shintō with the teachings of the Shingon sect of Buddhism. The school developed during the late Heian (794–1185) and Kamakura (1192–1333) periods. The basis of the school’s beliefs was the Japanese concept that Shintō deities

Japanese literature: Prose: The collection of folk songs Ryōjin hishō, compiled in 1179 by the emperor Go-Shirakawa, suggests the vitality of this burgeoning popular culture even as the aristocratic society was being threatened with destruction.

Japanese art: Esoteric Buddhism: …important iconographic images was the ryōkai mandara (“mandala of the two worlds”), which consisted of two parts—the kongō-kai (“diamond world”) and the taizō-kai (“womb world”)—that organized the Buddhist divinities and their relationships in a prescribed gridlike configuration. The deities or spiritual entities portrayed in these paired paintings represent, in the…

Ryōkan was a Zen Buddhist priest of the late Tokugawa period (1603–1867) who was renowned as a poet and calligrapher. The eldest son of a village headman, he became a Buddhist priest at about the age of 17 under the religious name of Taigu Ryōkan. When he was 21 he met an itinerant monk, Kokusen,

Ryōnin was a Japanese Buddhist leader who founded the Yūzū Nembutsu (“All-Permeating Amida Buddha”) sect of True Pure Land Buddhism. He initiated the renewal of Buddhist thought in the Kamakura period (1192–1333), when other new schools of Buddhism, such as Zen and Nichiren, also

Nicholas Roerich was a Russian painter, scenic designer, and writer who is perhaps best known for his work with Serge Pavlovich Diaghilev’s Ballets Russes and especially for his monumental historical sets. One noteworthy example was his costume and stage design for the 1913 premiere of Igor

ryotwari system, one of the three principal methods of revenue collection in British India. It was prevalent in most of southern India, being the standard system of the Madras Presidency (a British-controlled area now constituting much of present-day Tamil Nadu and portions of neighbouring states).

Washington Commanders: Joe Theismann, Doug Williams, and Mark Rypien. Running back John Riggins, wide receiver Art Monk, and cornerback Darrell Green—all future Hall of Famers—starred for the Redskins during their Super Bowl-winning run, which was also famous for featuring rugged offensive lines known by the nickname “the Hogs.” Gibbs retired in 1993,…

soapfish: The greater soapfish (Rypticus saponaceus), the best known member of the group, is found in the Atlantic from the southern United States and northern South America to West Africa. The species is characterized by three distinct dorsal spines and is sometimes called the three-spined soapfish.

John Michael Rysbrack was one of the principal sculptors and designers in England in the 18th century. Rysbrack studied at Antwerp, probably in the workshop of Michael van de Voort. In 1720 he established himself in London, where he lived until his death. Rysbrack worked in a classical, sometimes

Hambletonian, (foaled 1849), American harness racehorse (Standardbred) that was the ancestor of most present-day harness racers. The thrice inbred great-grandson of Messenger (foundation sire of the breed of Standardbreds), he was the son of Abdallah out of a crippled mare. His original owner sold

Théo Van Rysselberghe was a Belgian painter, sculptor, and designer who, together with Henry van de Velde, headed the large rank of Belgian artists that adhered to Neo-Impressionism. Van Rysselberghe studied in Ghent and Brussels, and he was among the founders of both the Twenty (Les XX) and the

Théo Van Rysselberghe was a Belgian painter, sculptor, and designer who, together with Henry van de Velde, headed the large rank of Belgian artists that adhered to Neo-Impressionism. Van Rysselberghe studied in Ghent and Brussels, and he was among the founders of both the Twenty (Les XX) and the

Rijswijk, gemeente (municipality), western Netherlands, on the southeastern outskirts of The Hague (’s-Gravenhage). The Reformed church dates from the 14th century, and there are some 17th-century houses. Although primarily residential, the town has oil wells, laboratories, and an important

King William’s War: …protracted war ended with the Treaty of Rijswijk (1697). Because of the importance of Indian participation, it is also known as the first of the four French and Indian Wars.

Małopolskie: Geography: Mount Rysy (8,199 feet [2,499 metres]), in the Tatra Mountains, is the highest peak in Poland. Other elevated features are the Krakowsko-Częstochowska Upland, the Carpathian Foothills, the West Beskid Mountains (the Beskidy), the Middle Beskids, and the Podhale, which includes the Pieniny Mountains. The main…

eurythmics, harmonious bodily movement as a form of artistic expression—specifically, the Dalcroze system of musical education in which bodily movements are used to represent musical rhythms. Eurythmics was developed about 1905 by Swiss musician Émile Jaques-Dalcroze, a professor of harmony at the

Finland: The Winter War: …a coalition government formed under Risto Ryti. Despite courageous resistance and a number of successful defense actions, the defense of the Karelian Isthmus broke down, and Finland had to initiate peace negotiations. By the Treaty of Moscow of March 12, 1940, Finland surrendered a large area of southeastern Finland, including…

dragon: …Chinese culture, and there (as ryū or tatsu) it became capable of changing its size at will, even to the point of becoming invisible. Both Chinese and Japanese dragons, though regarded as powers of the air, are usually wingless. They are among the deified forces of nature in Daoism. Dragons…

asteroid: Spacecraft exploration: …3, 2014, to the asteroid Ryugu. The spacecraft had the same basic design as the first Hayabusa. However, instead of one rover, it carried three: the MINERVA-II1 rovers 1A and 1B and MINERVA-II2 rover 2. It also had a small lander, MASCOT (Mobile Asteroid Surface Scout), which had been developed…

Ryukyu Islands, archipelago, extending some 700 miles (1,100 km) southwestward from the southern Japanese island of Kyushu to northeastern Taiwan. The archipelago defines the boundary between the East China Sea (west) and the Philippine Sea (east). With a total land area of 1,193 square miles

mouse: Natural history: …mice is exemplified by the Ryukyu mouse (M. caroli). This mouse loosens soil with its incisor teeth, carrying a load of debris in its mouth and piling it outside the burrow entrance or sometimes stacking loose soil inside the burrow and then pushing the pile out with its hind feet.…

Ryukyu Trench, deep ocean trench running north along the eastern edge of the Ryukyu Islands (Japan) in the Philippine Sea, between Taiwan and the Japanese archipelago. The Ryukyu Trench reaches a maximum depth of 24,629 feet (7,507 m) about 60 miles (90 km) south of Okinawa. It is 1,398 miles

Ryukyu Islands, archipelago, extending some 700 miles (1,100 km) southwestward from the southern Japanese island of Kyushu to northeastern Taiwan. The archipelago defines the boundary between the East China Sea (west) and the Philippine Sea (east). With a total land area of 1,193 square miles

Ryukyu Islands: The Ryukyuan language, which is classified with Japanese, consists of three dialect groups corresponding to the main island clusters. There is no mutual intelligibility between these dialects and Japanese nor among the dialect groups. Japanese is commonly spoken by the majority of the Ryukyuans, but local…

Naha: …also the seat of the University of the Ryukyus (1950). Pop. (2010) 315,954; (2015) 319,435.

Kip Keino: …metres Keino faced race favourite Jim Ryun of the United States. Despite his pain, Keino, with help from teammate Ben Jipcho, set a furious pace over the length of the race, negating Ryun’s powerful finishing kick. Keino won the race by 20 metres. At the 1972 Games in Munich, West…

Akutagawa Prize, Japanese literary prize awarded semiannually for the best work of fiction by a promising new Japanese writer. The prize is generally considered, along with the Naoki Prize (for the best work of popular fiction), Japan’s most prestigious and sought-after literary award. Novellas win

Rurik was the semilegendary founder of the Rurik dynasty of Kievan Rus. Rurik was a Viking, or Varangian, prince. His story is told in the The Russian Primary Chronicle (compiled at the beginning of the 12th century) but is not accepted at face value by modern historians. According to the

Nikolai Ryzhkov was the premier of the Soviet Union from 1985 to 1991. During his tenure, the U.S.S.R. faced an economic crisis that contributed to the superpower’s collapse. Little is known with certainty of Ryzhkov’s early career. He seems to have begun his working career as a miner and then, by

Nikolai Ryzhkov was the premier of the Soviet Union from 1985 to 1991. During his tenure, the U.S.S.R. faced an economic crisis that contributed to the superpower’s collapse. Little is known with certainty of Ryzhkov’s early career. He seems to have begun his working career as a miner and then, by

Wu-Tang Clan: Prelude: …Clan was the brainchild of Robert Diggs, who spent his early years hanging out with his cousins Gary Grice and Russell Jones in the housing projects on Staten Island, New York. They watched kung fu movies, participated in rap battles with other local MCs (a term for rappers) and studied…

Mieczysław Jastrun: … (1944; “A Curfew Hour”) and Rzecz ludzka (1946; “The Human Story”), reflect upon the national experience during the German occupation. Jastrun’s poems published after the mid-1950s, Gorácy popiół (1956; “Hot Ashes”) and Genezy (1959; “Genesis”), move from politics toward metaphysical and philosophical themes. He also wrote a number of biographical…

Poland, country of central Europe. Poland is located at a geographic crossroads that links the forested lands of northwestern Europe and the sea lanes of the Atlantic Ocean to the fertile plains of the Eurasian frontier. Now bounded by seven nations, Poland has waxed and waned over the centuries,

Poland, country of central Europe. Poland is located at a geographic crossroads that links the forested lands of northwestern Europe and the sea lanes of the Atlantic Ocean to the fertile plains of the Eurasian frontier. Now bounded by seven nations, Poland has waxed and waned over the centuries,

Rzeszów, city, capital of Podkarpackie województwo (province), southeastern Poland. It lies along the Wisłok River at the juncture of the Carpathian Mountains and the Sandomierz Basin. Rzeszów lies on the main Kraków-Lviv (Ukraine) road and rail line. The city’s economy has expanded greatly since

Rzhev, city, Tver oblast (region), northwestern Russia. It lies along the upper Volga River at the crossing of the Moscow-Riga and St. Petersburg–Bryansk trunk railways. First mentioned in 1216 as an independent princedom, Rzhev has always been a route centre on the western approaches to Moscow.

Polish literature: Romanticism: Henryk Rzewuski belonged spiritually to the 18th century: Pamiątki J. Pana Seweryna Soplicy (1839; “Memoirs of Mister Seweryn Soplica”) evoked the atmosphere of the Baroque tradition. As the century progressed, signs of a tendency toward Realism were discernible in Józef Korzeniowski’s novels Spekulant (1846; “The…

Rzhev, city, Tver oblast (region), northwestern Russia. It lies along the upper Volga River at the crossing of the Moscow-Riga and St. Petersburg–Bryansk trunk railways. First mentioned in 1216 as an independent princedom, Rzhev has always been a route centre on the western approaches to Moscow.