Luther Strange: …in 1997 he founded the Red Mountain Republicans, an organization of business-oriented Republicans in the Birmingham area. In 2006 he entered the race for the lieutenant governorship but narrowly lost. Strange then ran for attorney general in 2010, and his campaign focused on prosecuting political corruption and official malfeasance. He…

mulberry: Major species: The red mulberry (Morus rubra) of eastern North America is the largest of the genus, often reaching a height of 21 metres (70 feet). It has two-lobed, three-lobed, or unlobed leaves and dark purple edible fruits.

goatfish: …known of these is the red surmullet, or red mullet (Mullus barbatus), of the Mediterranean, which was one of the most highly prized food fishes of the ancient Romans. Very similar is another European species, M. surmuletus.

adzuki bean, (Vigna angularis), edible seed of the adzuki plant, a legume plant of the pea family (Fabaceae). The plant is native to East Asia and may have been independently domesticated in Korea, Japan, and China. An important source of starch and protein, adzuki beans are a common ingredient in

avadavat, (species Amandava, or Estrilda, amandava), plump, 8-centimetre- (3-inch-) long bird of the waxbill (q.v.) group (order Passeriformes), a popular cage bird. The avadavat is abundant in marshes and meadows of southern Asia (introduced in Hawaii). The male, in breeding plumage, is bright red

southern beech: Major species: …Australian, or red, myrtle (N. cunninghamii), a 80-meter (262-foot) Tasmanian tree important for its fine-textured wood and as a dominant rainforest species; the slender columnar red beech (N. fusca) of New Zealand, about 30 meters tall; and the silver, or southland, beech (N. menziesii), a 30-meter New Zealand tree…

Spain: Railroads: …Network of Spanish Railroads (Red Nacional de los Ferrocarriles Españoles; RENFE). There are also regionally operated lines in the Basque Country, Valencia, and Catalonia. Lines generally start in Madrid and radiate outward in all directions. Transverse lines serve the Mediterranean and Ebro valley corridors. New equipment—including the Talgo, a…

Natal grass, (Melinis repens), tufted grass of the family Poaceae, native to southern Africa. Natal grass is cultivated as a forage and ornamental grass and is considered an invasive species in some areas outside its native range, particularly in Australia and parts of the Americas. Natal grass

American Broadcasting Company: Origins: …two separate networks, called the Red and the Blue networks. After the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) declared in 1941 that no company could own more than one radio network, NBC in 1943 sold the less-lucrative Blue Network to Edward J. Noble, the millionaire maker of Life Savers candy, who initially…

Gal Gadot: …a world-class art thief in Red Notice (2021). She also starred in a film adaptation of Agatha Christie’s mystery Death on the Nile, directed by Kenneth Branagh and released in 2022. Because of Gadot’s service in the IDF as well as her vocal support for Israel, some of her films…

human nervous system: Midbrain: …located structure known as the red nucleus. Most crossed ascending fibers of this bundle project to thalamic nuclei, which have access to the primary motor cortex. A smaller number of fibers synapse on large cells in caudal regions of the red nucleus; these give rise to the crossed fibers of…

red oak, any member of a group or subgenus (Erythrobalanus) of North American ornamental and timber shrubs and trees of the genus Quercus, in the beech family (Fagaceae), that have bristle-tipped leaves, acorns with hairy shell linings, and bitter seeds that mature in two seasons. Black oak, live

Jefferson Airplane: …success—most notably with 1975’s chart-topping Red Octopus and its Top Ten single “Miracles”—the band never recaptured the moment when its music stood for something more, when Jefferson Airplane spoke for change on behalf of the culture that produced it. In 1996 Jefferson Airplane was inducted into the Rock and Roll…

Dwayne Johnson: Acting: …joined an all-star cast in Red One (2024), an action Christmas movie in which Santa Claus (J.K. Simmons) is kidnapped and the head of the North Pole’s security (Johnson) and a hacker (Chris Evans) must rescue him.

KGB: Pre-KGB Soviet security services: …of its networks, the “Red Orchestra,” comprised several hundred agents and informers, including agents in the German ministries of foreign affairs, labour, propaganda, and economics. Declassified Russian and American documents indicate that the Soviet Union had placed at least five agents in the U.S. nuclear weapons program and possibly…

human nutrition: Fats and oils: …sesame (gingelly) oil, mustard oil, red palm oil, and corn oil. Fats and oils provide more calories per gram than any other food, but they contain no protein and few micronutrients. Only butter and the previously mentioned fish-liver oils contain any vitamin A or D, though red palm oil does…

red panda, (Ailurus fulgens), reddish brown, long-tailed, raccoonlike mammal, about the size of a large domestic cat, that is found in the mountain forests of the Himalayas and adjacent areas of eastern Asia and subsists mainly on bamboo and other vegetation, fruits, and insects. Once classified as

Parti Rouge, radical party formed in Canada East (now Quebec) about 1849 and inspired primarily by the French-Canadian patriot Louis-Joseph Papineau. In general the Parti Rouge advocated a more democratic system of government, with a broadly based electorate, and the abolition of the old

phalarope: …the Arctic Circle are the red phalarope (Phalaropus fulicarius), called gray phalarope in Britain, and the northern phalarope (P. lobatus), called red-necked phalarope in Britain. Both species winter on tropical oceans, where they are known as sea snipe. Wilson’s phalarope (P. tricolor) breeds primarily in interior western North America and…

chemical industry: Phosphorus: Red phosphorus, comparatively harmless, is used in matches. Ferrophosphorus, a combination of phosphorus with iron, is used as an ingredient in high-strength low-alloy steel. In addition, the many organic compounds of phosphorus have varied uses, including those as additives for gasoline and lubricating oil, as…

red pill and blue pill, symbols originating from the 1999 science fiction film The Matrix. The pills represent a choice between remaining in a state of blissful ignorance (blue) or accepting a painful reality (red). Since The Matrix’s release, the red pill in particular has taken on various

Adam Levine: (2010), Overexposed (2012), V (2014), Red Pill Blues (2017), and Jordi (2021)—and singles (notably 2010’s “Moves like Jagger,” featuring Christina Aguilera). In addition, the band headlined the Super Bowl halftime show in 2019; their appearance generated some backlash, as other singers had reportedly rejected offers

cypress pine: Major species: …columellaris), found throughout Australia; the black cypress pine (C. endlicheri) of eastern Australia, locally also called black pine, red pine, and scrub pine; the Port Macquarie pine, or stringybark (C. macleayana), of southeastern Australia; and the common cypress pine (C. preissii) of southern Australia, often shrubby near the seacoast, with…

Mars, fourth planet in the solar system in order of distance from the Sun and seventh in size and mass. It is a periodically conspicuous reddish object in the night sky. Mars is designated by the symbol ♂. What do you think? Explore the ProCon debate Sometimes called the Red Planet, Mars has long

The Red Pony, film score and suite for orchestra by American composer Aaron Copland for the Lewis Milestone film of the same name. The movie was based on a book of four interrelated stories by John Steinbeck, who also wrote its screenplay. (The three men had previously worked together on the 1939

The Red Pony, book of four related stories by John Steinbeck, published in 1937 and expanded in 1945. The stories chronicle a young boy’s maturation. In “The Gift,” the best-known story, young Jody Tiflin is given a red pony by his rancher father. Under ranch hand Billy Buck’s guidance, Jody learns

Lewis Milestone: War dramas: The Red Pony (1949) was an adaptation by Steinbeck of his book of four related stories. The coming-of-age film centres on a boy (Peter Miles) who bonds with his pony; Myrna Loy and Robert Mitchum gave fine performances, and Aaron Copland wrote the acclaimed film…

Vasily Dmitrievich Tikhomirov: …Red Poppy (1927; later retitled The Red Flower), the first Soviet ballet incorporating communist doctrine. In addition to choreographing portions of The Red Poppy, Tikhomirov staged revivals of La Bayadère and The Sleeping Beauty (1924) and a new version of Esmeralda (1926). In 1914 he toured as Anna Pavlova’s partner.

bloodroot, (Sanguinaria canadensis), plant of the poppy family (Papaveraceae), native throughout eastern and midwestern North America. It grows in deciduous woodlands, where it blooms in early spring, and is sometimes cultivated as an ornamental. The orange-red sap of the rhizomes was formerly used

spleen: …is of two types, the red pulp and the white pulp, which do not separate into regions but intermingle and are distributed throughout the spleen. The white pulp is lymphoid tissue that usually surrounds splenic blood vessels. The red pulp is a network of splenic cords (cords of Billroth) and…

industrial relations: Enterprise unions: …authorities launched a counteroffensive (the “Red Purge” of l947–48) to deny union rights to Communist-backed organizations. The newly formed Japan Federation of Employers’ Associations (Nikkeiren) embarked on a campaign to form moderate, anti-Communist enterprise unions that included lower level management personnel as well as production workers.

Dahshūr: …Snefru’s pyramids at Dahshūr, the North Pyramid (Red Pyramid), was built at the lower slope angle of 43° and is therefore shorter. It is the first true pyramid successfully completed.

Red Queen, fictional character in Through the Looking-Glass (1871) by Lewis Carroll. The Red Queen has a personality that is the opposite of that of the White Queen, her despotic and chaotic counterpart. The author based the character of the Red Queen on Miss Prickett, the governess of Alice

William Donald Hamilton: …is a modification of the Red Queen hypothesis, which suggested that evolution was an “arms race” between species. This hypothesis was initially developed by American evolutionary biologist Leigh Van Valen. With American ecologist Marlene Zuk, Hamilton also developed the Hamilton-Zuk hypothesis of sexual selection, which explains the evolutionary benefit behind…

raspberry: Cultivation: Most commercial red raspberries are cultivars or hybrids of Rubus idaeus and R. strigosus. Two North American species of black raspberries (R. occidentalis and R. leucodermis) are also grown commercially in some areas, though production is limited. Raspberry plants are fairly resistant to disease and pests but…

coal: Macerals: …often with crenulated surfaces), and resinite (ovoid and sometimes translucent masses of resin). The liptinites may fluoresce (i.e., luminesce because of absorption of radiation) under ultraviolet light, but with increasing rank their optical properties approach those of the vitrinites, and the two groups become indistinguishable.

Andrew Garfield: Budding onscreen career and breakthrough in The Social Network: …on television, starring in the Red Riding (2009) series, for which he received rave reviews. His career reached international acclaim when he assumed the role of Eduardo Saverin in The Social Network (2010), a film about Facebook’s founding. He received nominations for both a BAFTA Award and a Golden Globe…

Little Red Riding Hood, fairy tale about a young girl who wears a red cloak and encounters a wolf on her way to visit her ailing grandmother. Depending on the version of the story, the girl is either eaten by the wolf or saved by a woodsman or hunter. Despite the grisly outcome in some versions,

Red River, navigable river rising in the high plains of eastern New Mexico, U.S., and flowing southeast across Texas and Louisiana to a point northwest of Baton Rouge, where it enters the Atchafalaya River, which flows south to Atchafalaya Bay and the Gulf of Mexico. Until the mid-20th century, the

Red River, American western film, released in 1948, that is widely considered director Howard Hawks’s most-enduring movie. The classic epic has been described as a western version of the film Mutiny on the Bounty. Tom Dunson (played by John Wayne) is a young man with dreams of establishing his own

Red River of the North, river flowing through the northern United States and southern Manitoba, Canada. It is formed by the confluence of the Bois de Sioux and Otter Tail rivers at the twin cities of Wahpeton, North Dakota, and Breckenridge, Minnesota. It flows northward, forming for 440 miles (710

Red River, principal river of northern Vietnam. It rises in central Yunnan province, southwestern China, and flows southeast in a deep, narrow gorge, across the Tonkin region, through Hanoi, to enter the Gulf of Tonkin after a course of 750 miles (1,200 km). Its two major tributaries, the Song Lo

Blake Shelton: His next two albums, Red River Blue (2011) and Based on a True Story… (2013), were both nominated for a Grammy for best country album. The songs “Honey Bee” (2011) and “Mine Would Be You” (2013) also received Grammy nods. His popularity continued, with his next three releases—Bringing Back…

Red River Campaign, (March 10–May 22, 1864), in the American Civil War, unsuccessful Union effort to seize control of the important cotton-growing states of Louisiana, Arkansas, and Texas. In the spring of 1864, Union General Nathaniel Banks led an expedition up the Red River and, with the support

Vietnam: Agriculture, forestry, and fishing: …primary agricultural areas are the Red River delta, the Mekong River delta, and the southern terrace region. The central coastal land, which is subject to destructive typhoons, is a region of low productivity. The central highlands area, traditionally one of low productivity, has been intensively cultivated since 1975, but with…

red river hog, African hoofed mammal, a subspecies of bush pig

Red River Indian War, (1874–75), uprising of warriors from several Indian tribes thought to be peacefully settled on Oklahoma and Texas reservations, ending in the crushing of the Indian dissidents by the United States. Presumably the Treaty of Medicine Lodge (Kansas, October 1867) had placed on

Red River of the North, river flowing through the northern United States and southern Manitoba, Canada. It is formed by the confluence of the Bois de Sioux and Otter Tail rivers at the twin cities of Wahpeton, North Dakota, and Breckenridge, Minnesota. It flows northward, forming for 440 miles (710

Red River, navigable river rising in the high plains of eastern New Mexico, U.S., and flowing southeast across Texas and Louisiana to a point northwest of Baton Rouge, where it enters the Atchafalaya River, which flows south to Atchafalaya Bay and the Gulf of Mexico. Until the mid-20th century, the

Louisiana: Relief: The Red River valley has a low-elevation relief, with red soils in its alluvial plain and many raft lakes built by impounding water from logjams. The terraces include much of the so-called Florida Parishes to the north and northeast of the Mississippi delta, as well as…

Oklahoma: Relief: The Red River Plains, once the area of the best farmlands in the state, has been depleted by cotton cultivation. Its agriculture has been diversified by the addition of peanuts (groundnuts), melons, and vegetables grown on medium-sized plots. Its population is relatively dense, with many small…

Red River Rebellion, uprising in 1869–70 in the Red River Colony against the Canadian government that was sparked by the transfer of the vast territory of Rupert’s Land from the Hudson’s Bay Company to the new country of Canada. Fearing that their culture and land rights would be compromised under

Red River Settlement, (1811–36), colony in Canada on the banks of the Red River near the mouth of the Assiniboine River (in what is now Manitoba). The colony was founded in 1811–12 by Thomas Douglas, 5th earl of Selkirk, a Scottish philanthropist, who obtained from the Hudson’s Bay Company a grant

Shelby Foote: …Fredericksburg to Meridian (1963), and Red River to Appomattox (1974). Considered a masterpiece by many critics, it was also criticized by academics for its lack of footnotes and other scholarly conventions. Despite its superb storytelling, the work received little popular attention until Foote appeared as a narrator and commentator in…

Canada: The interior plains: The fertile southern portion, the Red River valley, is covered with black clay and silt soils.

Jefferson River, river, most westerly of the Missouri River’s three headstreams, rising in the Gravelly Range in southwestern Montana, U.S., near the Continental Divide and Yellowstone National Park (where it is known as Red Rock River). It flows west through Red Rock Pass and Upper and Lower Red

Denver: The contemporary city: …events are held at the Red Rocks Park and Amphitheatre, an outdoor venue in the foothills just west of the city, and the Denver Performing Arts Complex is the home of the state ballet, opera, and symphony orchestra. The annual National Western Stock Show (held in January) includes a rodeo…

August Strindberg: Early years: …he published his first novel, The Red Room, a satirical account of abuses and frauds in Stockholm society: this was something new in Swedish fiction and made its author nationally famous.

Linda McCartney: Career: …consecutive number one albums, including Red Rose Speedway (1973), which featured Linda’s photograph of Paul on the album cover, and the live album Wings over America (1976).

Sean O’Casey: …antifascist play, and the semiautobiographical Red Roses for Me (1946) is set in Dublin at the time of the Irish railways strike of 1911.

sugarcane: Diseases: Red rot (important in Indonesia and South Asia) is characterized by interrupted red and white patches within the cane along with a sour alcoholic odour when the cane is split open. Caused by the fungus Colletotrichum falcatum (Glomerella tucumanensis), red rot first attracts attention by…

James Fenimore Cooper: Novels: …his sea stories, in particular The Red Rover (1827) and The Sea Lions (1849). Never before in prose fiction had the sea become not merely a theatre for, but the principal actor in, moral drama that celebrated man’s courage and skill at the same time that it revealed him humbled…

Red Rum, (foaled 1965), steeplechase horse who won the Grand National at Aintree, England, an unprecedented three times, in 1973, 1974, and 1977. Bought as a crippled seven-year-old, he was reconditioned by his trainer Ginger McCain, who ran him on the sand and in the sea. In 1973, ridden by Brian

Poland: Casimir the Great: …larger part of Halicz, or Red, Ruthenia (the future eastern Galicia), which Hungary and Lithuania also coveted. That acquisition marked an expansion beyond ethnic Polish territory. Casimir’s international prestige was evidenced by his acting as arbiter between the Luxembourgs, the Angevins, and the Habsburgs and subsequently hosting an international conference…

kolinsky, any of several species of Asian weasels. See

sockeye salmon, (Oncorhynchus nerka), North Pacific food fish of the family Salmonidae that lacks distinct spots on the body. It weighs about 3 kg (6.6 pounds); however, some specimens may weigh as much as 7.7 kg (17 pounds). Sockeye salmon range from the northern Bering Sea to Japan and from

Sidney Lanfield: Films of the 1930s: …then directed the screwball comedy Red Salute (1935), a reworking of Frank Capra’s It Happened One Night (1934) with a heavy dose of anticommunism. Barbara Stanwyck played a college student who begins dating a radical (Hardie Albright), much to the chagrin of her father, a U.S. Army general. He has…

Caryophyllales: Caryophyllaceae: Red sandspurrey (Spergularia rubra) is commonly found in sandy heaths near the sea in Europe, Asia, North America, and Australia and has been used as a folk medicine to cure acute and chronic cystitis. Soapwort, or bouncing bet (Saponaria officinalis), is common in central and…

Red Scare, period of public fear and anxiety over the supposed rise of communist or socialist ideologies in a noncommunist state. The term is generally used to describe two such periods in the United States. The first occurred from 1917 to 1920, amid an increase in organized labour movements,

Red Sea, narrow strip of water extending southeastward from Suez, Egypt, for about 1,200 miles (1,930 km) to the Bab el-Mandeb Strait, which connects with the Gulf of Aden and thence with the Arabian Sea. Geologically, the Gulfs of Suez and Aqaba (Elat) must be considered as the northern extension

Arabia: The Hejaz and Asir: The name Tihāmah, used for the whole plain, is sometimes subdivided into Tihāmat Al-Ḥijāz and Tihāmat ʿAsīr. There are no natural harbours adequate for large vessels, but the many inlets are well suited for sailing craft. Islands are particularly numerous along the southern part of the coast,…

Ben Kingsley: …member of Mossad in both The Red Sea Diving Resort and Spider in the Web.

Itbāy, mountainous region of southeastern Egypt and the northeastern part of Sudan, paralleling the Red Sea. It lies largely south of Egypt’s administrative boundary with Sudan and separates the coastal lowland of the Red Sea from the Nile River valley. The north-south–trending mountain chains in

ʿĀshūrāʾ: …as the day that Allah parted the Red Sea for Moses (Mūsā) and his followers to escape from the pharaoh.

ʿĀshūrāʾ: …as the day that Allah parted the Red Sea for Moses (Mūsā) and his followers to escape from the pharaoh.

music recording: The early years: …raised cultural expectations with its Red Seal series (Red Label in Europe), particularly with discs made, beginning in 1902, by Enrico Caruso. By 1910 the vast majority of record sales—some estimates are as high as 85 percent—were classical.

red algae, (division Rhodophyta), any of about 6,000 species of predominantly marine algae, often found attached to other shore plants. Their morphological range includes filamentous, branched, feathered, and sheetlike thalli. The taxonomy of the group is contentious, and organization of the

Alan Garner: Red Shift (1973) follows the lives of three men living in different centuries, all of whom come into possession of a magical ax. The novel elliptically references the ballad of Tam Lin, a man rescued from the fairies by his paramour. Strandloper (1996) is based…

Red Shirt movement, in support of the Indian National Congress, an action started by Abdul Ghaffar Khan of the North-West Frontier Province of India in 1930. Ghaffar Khan was a Pashtun who greatly admired Mahatma Gandhi and his nonviolent principles and saw support for the Congress as a way of

Thailand: Yellow shirts and red shirts: …a populist movement called the United Front for Democracy Against Dictatorship (UDD). The UDD organized protests against this latest change of government, which in April forced the cancellation of an Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) summit meeting outside Bangkok. Security forces were able to disperse the protesters, but antigovernment…

The Red Shoes, British dance film, released in 1948, based on the Hans Christian Andersen fairy tale of the same title. Though not immediately acclaimed on its release, the movie grew in stature, and today it is widely considered the best film made about the world of dance. (Read Martin Scorsese’s

shoveler: Other species are the red shoveler (A. platalea) of South America; the Cape, or Smith’s, shoveler (A. smithii) of South Africa; and the Australasian, or blue-winged, shoveler (A. rhynchotis) of New Zealand and Australia.

bombax cotton: 2 inches) in length, and B. ceiba, with fibres about 1 to 1.5 cm (0.4 to 0.6 inch) long, both growing in tropical areas of the Western Hemisphere, where the floss is sometimes called ceiba cotton or paina limpa. In southern Asia and Africa the fibres of B. malabarica, called…

Red Skelton: …the popular TV variety program The Red Skelton Show (1951–71; called The Red Skelton Hour from 1962 to 1970). In that series, Skelton re-created a number of characters—among them Clem Kaddiddlehopper, Sheriff Deadeye, Junior, the Mean Widdle Kid, and Cauliflower McPugg—he had developed during his years in vaudeville and radio.…

Robert P. Tristram Coffin: …writing in such works as Red Sky in the Morning (1935), a novel about the Maine coast; Kennebec (1937), part of a historical series on American rivers; and Maine Doings (1950), informal essays on New England life.

loris: …species of slender lorises (the red slender loris [Loris tardigradus] and the gray slender loris [L. lydekkerianus]) of India and Sri Lanka are about 20–25 cm (8–10 inches) long and have long slender limbs, small hands, a rounded head, and a pointed muzzle. Slender lorises feed mostly on insects (predominantly…

maple: pennsylvanicum), the red snake-bark maple (A. capillipes), the Her’s maple (A. hersii), and the David’s maple (A. davidii). The chalk maple, with whitish bark, is sometimes classified as A. leucoderme, although some authorities consider it a subspecies of sugar maple.

ceviche: …fish such as crab, shrimp, red snapper, mahi mahi, and bonito, often in combination. The fish is cut into small pieces and then marinated in lime or lemon juice for at least two hours, the citric acid effectively cooking the fish. To this is added a cold salsa comprising but…

red snow, snow or ice surfaces, usually overlying soil on mountains, that are coloured by algae such as Chlamydomonas or Raphidonema. During seasons when there is little sunlight and temperatures are below the freezing point, the algae are

red soil, Any of a group of soils that develop in a warm, temperate, moist climate under deciduous or mixed forests and that have thin organic and organic-mineral layers overlying a yellowish-brown leached layer resting on an illuvial (see illuviation) red layer. Red soils generally form from

Zhang Yimou: …first film, Hong gaoliang (Red Sorghum). The critically acclaimed epic—which won the Golden Bear at the Berlin film festival—starred Gong Li as a woman sold into marriage. Gong subsequently appeared in a number of Zhang’s films, including Ju Dou (1990), a drama about a woman in a loveless marriage…

Mo Yan: …jiazu (1987; “Red Sorghum Family”; Red Sorghum). It won him widespread fame, especially after its adaptation into a film of the same name (1987).

Boston Red Sox, American professional baseball team based in Boston. One of the most-storied franchises in American sports, the Red Sox have won nine World Series titles and 14 American League (AL) pennants. Founded in 1901, the franchise (then unofficially known as the Boston Americans) was one of

Jeremy Irons: …appeared in the spy thriller Red Sparrow (2018). His credits from 2021 included Munich: The Edge of War, in which he portrayed Neville Chamberlain, and House of Gucci, a true-crime drama involving a family and its luxury fashion brand.

red spider, any of the plant-feeding mites of the family Tetranychidae (subclass Acari). Red spiders are a common pest on houseplants and agriculturally important plants, including the foliage and fruit of orchard trees. The life cycle of the red spider from egg to adult takes about three weeks.

red sprites and blue jets, flashes of light that occur above thunderstorms and that are associated with normal lightning in the thundercloud below. The causes of both phenomena are not known. Red sprites tend to form almost instantaneously over a broad region between 40 and 90 km (about 25 to 55

Red Square, open square in Moscow adjoining the historic fortress and centre of government known as the Kremlin (Russian: Kreml). The Kremlin and Red Square were added to UNESCO’s World Heritage List in 1990. Dating from the late 15th century, just after the Kremlin walls were completed, Red Square

rodenticide: Red squill, a rodenticide derived from the bulbs of a lilylike subtropical plant, is slower-acting and less toxic to animals other than rodents because it is removed from the stomach by vomiting—a reflex that is absent in rodents.

squirrel: In northern Europe the red squirrel (S. vulgaris) is valued for its soft, thick fur. Villagers in tropical forests keep squirrels as pets. Most species are hunted for food.

Red Star Belgrade, Serbian professional football (soccer) team based in Belgrade. Best known simply as Red Star, the club is the most successful team in the history of Serbian football, with more than two dozen national titles (including those won when Serbia was part of federated Yugoslavia and