road: The Roman roads: A four-wheeled raeda in its passenger version corresponded to the stagecoaches of a later period and in its cargo version to the freight wagons. Fast freight raedae were drawn by 8 horses in summer and 10 in winter and, by law, could not haul in excess of…

Taryn Simon: …in Brian De Palma’s film Redacted (2007) and that served as the film’s final shot, was exhibited at the Venice Biennale in 2011.

Jenny Holzer: Work from the late 1990s and 2000s: …turned to reportage with the Redaction paintings, a series of silk-screened canvases of enlarged declassified and redacted government documents pertaining to wars past and present. Similar to her original texts, these paintings underscore the impossibility of fixed meaning and the multiple viewpoints always present in her work. With these projects…

redaction criticism, in the study of biblical literature, method of criticism of the Hebrew Bible (Old Testament) and the New Testament that examines the way the various pieces of the tradition have been assembled into the final literary composition by an author or editor. The arrangement and

redback, (Latrodectus hasselti), species of black widow spider that is native to Australia, the females of which are venomous and distinguished by an orange or red stripe on the back of the abdomen. Taxonomy See also list of arachnids. The body color of males and females typically is brownish or

geologic history of Earth: Formation of the secondary atmosphere: …diagenesis to give rise to red beds (sandstones that are predominantly red in colour due to fully oxidized iron coating individual grains) and that 2.2 billion years passed before a large number of life-forms could evolve. An idea formulated by the American paleontologist Preston Cloud has been widely accepted as…

David Mamet: …Heist (2001), a crime thriller; Redbelt (2008), a latter-day samurai film about the misadventures of a martial arts instructor; and Phil Spector (2013), an HBO docudrama set during the notorious record producer’s first murder trial. Mamet created and wrote The Unit (2006–09), a television drama that centered on the activities…

northern cardinal, (Cardinalis cardinalis), common North American songbird species best known for its bright-red plumage, which occurs in the male, and classified in the family Cardinalidae (order Passeriformes). It can be found in a wide variety of habitats, including tall brush, vines, urban

cardinal, any of various medium-size thick-billed species of songbirds of the New World, many with crested heads. The males all sport at least some bright red plumage. All species are nonmigratory and give clear whistled songs. One of the most popular, widespread, and abundant of the North American

devil’s backbone, (Euphorbia tithymaloides), succulent plant of the spurge family (Euphorbiaceae), native from Florida to Venezuela. The plant is called devil’s backbone for the zigzag form some varieties exhibit as well as shoe flower. It is also called redbird cactus (despite not being a true

coonhound: The redbone, a reddish-brown dog, is generally a strong, determined hunter and is valued for trailing big game as well as raccoons. The bluetick is mottled blue-gray with black and reddish brown markings; it is characterized as a swift, active, and diligent hunter. The Plott hound,…

Garry Winogrand: …such as Sports Illustrated, Collier’s, Redbook, Life, and Look, popular publications then in their heyday. In 1955 Winogrand’s work was included in the seminal exhibition The Family of Man, curated by photographer Edward Steichen at the Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) in New York City. By the end of the…

Jo Nesbø: Harry Hole books: Rødstrupe (2000; “Robin”; The Redbreast) details the role of fascism in Norway. In Sorgenfri (2002; “Sorrow-Free”; Nemesis) Hole investigates a bank robbery and is implicated in the death of a former girlfriend. A serial killer is at work in Marekors (2003; “Pentagram”; The Devil’s Star), this time in…

Redbridge, outer borough of London, England, on the northeastern perimeter of the metropolis. It is part of the historic county of Essex. The borough’s name derives from the Red Bridge, which crossed the River Roding until the 1920s; the river itself was used for barge traffic until the mid-20th

redbud, (genus Cercis), any of a genus of 10 species of shrubs to small trees in the pea family (Fabaceae), native to North America, southern Europe, and Asia and widely planted for their showy early spring flowers. Clusters of small purplish pink flowers appear on old stems and branches before the

Redburn, novel by Herman Melville, published in 1849. Redburn, based on a trip Melville took to Liverpool, England, in June 1839, is a hastily written adventure about Wellingborough Redburn, a genteel but impoverished boy from New York City who endures a rough initiation into life as a

Redburn, novel by Herman Melville, published in 1849. Redburn, based on a trip Melville took to Liverpool, England, in June 1839, is a hastily written adventure about Wellingborough Redburn, a genteel but impoverished boy from New York City who endures a rough initiation into life as a

Redcar and Cleveland, unitary authority, geographic county of North Yorkshire, historic county of Yorkshire, England. It lies on the south side of the River Tees between Middlesbrough and the rocky coastline of the North Sea and stretches southeastward along the coast past the highest cliffs of

Redcliffe, former residential and resort city, southeastern Queensland, Australia, on Redcliffe Peninsula, a 15-square-mile (39-square-km) promontory bounded on the south, east, and north by Bramble, Moreton, and Deception bays. Originally called Humpybong, derived from the Aboriginal umpi bong,

ribes: Major species: …and common, or garden or red, currant (R. rubrum).

Milwaukee Bucks: All-Star guard Michael Redd guided the Bucks to three more playoff berths in the following 10 years, but further success eluded the team: Milwaukee posted only three total winning seasons in the first decade of the new millennium. Although the Bucks stumbled into a playoff appearance in…

India: The Bahmani sultanate: …the north, Orissa and the Reddi kingdoms of Andhra in the east, and Vijayanagar in the south.

Cecil Reddie was an educational reformer, important in the development of progressive education in England. Reddie was educated in Göttingen, Ger., where he was greatly impressed by the progressive educational theories being applied there. In 1883 he joined the radical Fellowship of the New Life in

Redding, city, seat (1888) of Shasta county, northern California, U.S. It lies in the northern Sacramento Valley. Founded (1872) on land called Poverty Flat by the California and Oregon Railroad, the city was named for B.B. Redding, a railroad land agent, and developed as a shipping point for

Jimi Hendrix: …alongside two British musicians, bassist Noel Redding and drummer Mitch Mitchell, he stunned London’s clubland with his instrumental virtuosity and extroverted showmanship, numbering members of the Beatles, the Rolling Stones, and the Who among his admirers. It proved a lot easier for him to learn their tricks than it was…

Otis Redding was an American singer-songwriter, one of the great soul stylists of the 1960s. Redding was raised in Macon, Georgia, where he was deeply influenced by the subtle grace of Sam Cooke and the raw energy of Little Richard. In the late 1950s Redding joined Richard’s band, the Upsetters,

egret: The reddish egret, Hydranassa (or Dichromanassa) rufescens, of warm coastal regions of North America, has two colour phases: white and dark. The snowy egret, E. (or Leucophoyx) thula, ranging from the United States to Chile and Argentina, is white, about 60 cm long, with filmy recurved…

Reddit is an online social media forum where users share news stories and other content. Reddit was launched in 2005 by American entrepreneurs Steve Huffman and Alexis Ohanian; it became a publicly held company in 2024. The company’s headquarters are in San Francisco. RDDT Huffman and Ohanian met

Redditch: (district), administrative and historic county of Worcestershire, west-central England. It is located in the valley of the River Arrow, a tributary of the Avon (Upper, or Warwickshire, Avon). The borough is known for its needle, fishing tackle, and spring manufactures, as well as its production…

Redditch, town and borough (district), administrative and historic county of Worcestershire, west-central England. It is located in the valley of the River Arrow, a tributary of the Avon (Upper, or Warwickshire, Avon). The borough is known for its needle, fishing tackle, and spring manufactures, as

Raj Reddy is an Indian computer scientist and co-winner, with American computer scientist Edward Feigenbaum, of the 1994 A.M. Turing Award, the highest honour in computer science, for their “design and construction of large scale artificial intelligence systems, demonstrating the practical

Helen Reddy was an Australian-born American singer-songwriter, the first Australian-born pop singer to win a Grammy Award. She won the Grammy for her hit single “I Am Woman” (1971), an anthem for the women’s liberation movement in the early 1970s. The single sold more than 1 million copies. Reddy’s

Helen Reddy was an Australian-born American singer-songwriter, the first Australian-born pop singer to win a Grammy Award. She won the Grammy for her hit single “I Am Woman” (1971), an anthem for the women’s liberation movement in the early 1970s. The single sold more than 1 million copies. Reddy’s

Raj Reddy is an Indian computer scientist and co-winner, with American computer scientist Edward Feigenbaum, of the 1994 A.M. Turing Award, the highest honour in computer science, for their “design and construction of large scale artificial intelligence systems, demonstrating the practical

Suravaram Sudhakar Reddy is an Indian politician and government official who rose to become a high-ranking member of the Communist Party of India (CPI). Reddy was born in a town southwest of Hyderabad in southern India. He attended high school and undergraduate college in Kurnool, in west-central

Buddhism: Female deities: Tara, the female saviour, is a much more popular figure who has often been seen as the female counterpart of the bodhisattva Avalokiteshvara. In China and Japan, Avalokiteshvara himself gradually assumed a female form. As Guanyin (Japanese: Kannon), Avalokiteshvara became probably the most popular figure in the entire…

United States: The era of conservative domination, 1877–90: These “Redeemer” governments sharply reduced or even eliminated the programs of the state governments that benefited poor people. The public school system was starved for money; in 1890 the per capita expenditure in the South for public education was only 97 cents, as compared with $2.24…

Jo Nesbø: Harry Hole books: …killer in Frelseren (2005; “Saviour”; The Redeemer) and another serial killer in Snømannen (2007; The Snowman). Panserhjerte (2009; “Armoured Heart”; The Leopard) has Hole tracked down in Hong Kong and persuaded to reengage in police work. Gjenferd (2011; “Ghost”; Phantom) treats the drug scene in Oslo and examines Hole’s experience…

eschatology: Religions of Asia: Redemption is popularly viewed as entrance into the highest heaven of the god worshiped, where the redeemed await a spiritual reflection of earthly joy. In modern Hinduism the soul that is identical with God is redeemed through a recognition of the organic wholeness that has…

Bob Marley: Formation of the Wailers, role of Rastafari, and international fame: …the Cold,” “Jamming,” and “Redemption Song,” Marley’s landmark albums included Natty Dread (1974), Live! (1975), Rastaman Vibration (1976), Exodus (1977), Kaya (1978), Uprising (1980), and the posthumous Confrontation (1983). Exploding in

Roman Catholicism: Missions: …on missions in his encyclical Redemptoris missio (December 7, 1990; “The Mission of Christ the Redeemer”), renewing the church’s commitment to mission and calling for the evangelization of lapsed Christians and non-Christians alike.

Redemptorist, a community of Roman Catholic priests and lay brothers founded by St. Alphonsus Liguori at Scala, Italy, a small town near Naples, in 1732. The infant community met an obstacle in the royal court of Naples, which tried to exercise complete control over the order. Only after steps were

Johann Gottlieb Fichte: Last years: …an die deutsche Nation (Addresses to the German Nation), full of practical views on the only true foundation for national recovery and glory. From 1810 to 1812 he was rector of the new University of Berlin. During the great effort of Germany for national independence in 1813, he lectured…

Martin Buber: From mysticism to dialogue.: The Reden über das Judentum (1923; “Talks on Judaism”) mark another step in his development. The early “Talks” were delivered in 1909–11 before large Zionist student audiences in Prague; each of the speeches tries to answer its opening question: “Jews, why do we call ourselves Jews?”…

Andrea Palladio: Venetian period of Andrea Palladio: …(1566, completed in 1610) and Il Redentore (1576, completed in 1592). The liturgical revival of the Counter-Reformation opposed the centrally planned church, requiring separate functions for different parts of a Latin-cross church. Palladio’s proposals for a circular church for Il Redentore, therefore, were rejected. In both churches the nave is…

War Stories: 13 Modern Writers Who Served in War: Phil Klay: Klay’s first book, Redeployment, is a collection of short stories that explore such themes as trauma, guilt, and faith. In 2015 the book won the National Book Award for fiction. Klay’s debut novel, Missionaries—a sprawling complex story set in the United States, the Middle East, and Colombia after…

rederijkerskamer, (Dutch: “chamber of rhetoric”), medieval Dutch dramatic society. Modelled after contemporary French dramatic societies (puys), such chambers spread rapidly across the French border into Flanders and Holland in the 15th century. At first they were organized democratically; later

rocket and missile system: Passive: Redeye in Central America.

Chicago Tribune: …including a free tabloid edition, RedEye (2002), which was geared toward younger readers. However, because of increasing financial difficulties in a struggling newspaper industry, the Tribune subsequently underwent a period of major restructuring that included employee buyouts and job cuts.

Aryan Nations: In October 2001 Harold Ray Redfaeirn of the Ohio Aryan Nations chapter was appointed the new leader. Redfaeirn appointed August B. (“Chip”) Kreis III as the group’s minister of information. Redfaeirn and Kreis escalated the rhetoric of violence and hatred associated with the Aryan Nations. The Aryan Nations…

Robert Redfield was a U.S. cultural anthropologist who was the pioneer and, for a number of years, the principal ethnologist to focus on those processes of cultural and social change characterizing the relationship between folk and urban societies. A visit to Mexico in 1923 drew Redfield from law

Earth sciences: Observation and study of storms: …established by the American meteorologist William C. Redfield in the case of the September hurricane that struck New England in 1821. He noted that in central Connecticut the trees had been toppled toward the northwest, whereas some 80 kilometres westward they had fallen in the opposite direction. Redfield identified the…

pickerel: … consists of two subspecies: the redfin pickerel (E. americanus americanus) and the grass pickerel (E. americanus vermiculatus). This species reaches a maximum weight of about 0.5 kg (1.1 pounds). See also pike.

redfish, (Sebastes norvegicus), commercially important food fish of the scorpionfish family, Scorpaenidae (order Scorpaeniformes), found in the North Atlantic Ocean along European and North American coasts. Also known as ocean perch or rosefish in North America and as Norway haddock in Europe, the

Robert Redford is an American motion-picture actor and director known for his boyish good looks, diversity of screen characterizations, commitment to environmental and political causes, and for founding the Sundance Institute and Film Festival in Utah. After years of drifting and studying art in

Robert Redford is an American motion-picture actor and director known for his boyish good looks, diversity of screen characterizations, commitment to environmental and political causes, and for founding the Sundance Institute and Film Festival in Utah. After years of drifting and studying art in

Lynn Redgrave was a British-born stage and screen actress who is perhaps best known for her breakout performance in the motion picture Georgy Girl (1966), for which she was nominated for an Academy Award. Although she never achieved the same fame as her elder sister, Vanessa Redgrave, and her elder

Lynn Redgrave was a British-born stage and screen actress who is perhaps best known for her breakout performance in the motion picture Georgy Girl (1966), for which she was nominated for an Academy Award. Although she never achieved the same fame as her elder sister, Vanessa Redgrave, and her elder

Michael Redgrave was a premier British stage and film actor, noted for his intellectual performances. Following a short tenure as a schoolmaster, Redgrave began his stage career in 1934 with the Liverpool Playhouse. He went on to the Old Vic, Stratford-upon-Avon, and the National Theatre,

Sir Henry Cole: …1849 Cole and the painter Richard Redgrave founded The Journal of Design and Manufactures, a publication dedicated to the promotion of “the germs of a style which England of the nineteenth century may call its own.” In 1848 Cole proposed an unprecedented Great Exhibition of the industry of all nations.…

Michael Redgrave was a premier British stage and film actor, noted for his intellectual performances. Following a short tenure as a schoolmaster, Redgrave began his stage career in 1934 with the Liverpool Playhouse. He went on to the Old Vic, Stratford-upon-Avon, and the National Theatre,

Steven Redgrave is an English rower, who was the first in his sport to win gold medals at five consecutive Olympic Games. He is revered in his sport for his intensity and strategic brilliance. Redgrave grew up near the banks of the River Thames and took up rowing at age 16. He first represented

Steven Redgrave is an English rower, who was the first in his sport to win gold medals at five consecutive Olympic Games. He is revered in his sport for his intensity and strategic brilliance. Redgrave grew up near the banks of the River Thames and took up rowing at age 16. He first represented

Vanessa Redgrave is a British actress of stage and screen who received numerous accolades—including an Oscar, two Emmys, a Tony, and a Laurence Olivier Award—for her performances. She was also a longtime political activist, supporting the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) and the Irish

Peter Redgrove was an English poet, novelist, and playwright, known for his exuberant depictions of the natural world and a penchant for verbal pyrotechnics. Redgrove studied natural science at Queens’ College Cambridge and went on to become a scientific journalist in the late 1950s, an experience

Peter Redgrove was an English poet, novelist, and playwright, known for his exuberant depictions of the natural world and a penchant for verbal pyrotechnics. Redgrove studied natural science at Queens’ College Cambridge and went on to become a scientific journalist in the late 1950s, an experience

redhead, (Aythya americana), North American diving duck (family Anatidae), a popular game bird. The redhead breeds in marshes from British Columbia to Wisconsin and winters as far south as the Yucatán Peninsula. Breeding males have a round, red-brown head, gray back, and dark breast and tail;

Anne Tyler: Redhead by the Side of the Road (2020) centers on a tech expert who finds his highly organized life upended, while French Braid (2022) follows a family over six decades.

Francesco Redi was an Italian physician and poet who demonstrated that the presence of maggots in putrefying meat does not result from spontaneous generation but from eggs laid on the meat by flies. He read in the book on generation by William Harvey a speculation that vermin such as insects,

Aloys Reding was a Swiss politician and military hero who was for a time (1801–02) head of state of the short-lived Helvetic Republic. After some years in the armies of Spain, Reding returned to Switzerland, where he joined the native struggle against the invading French. On May 2–3, 1798, he led

Ital Reding was a Swiss politician who led hostilities against Zürich during the first civil wars of the Swiss Confederation (1439–40; 1443–50). As Landammann (chief executive) of Schwyz (1412–44), Reding virtually controlled political life in the canton for over 30 years. In the affairs of the

redingote, fitted outer garment. The man’s redingote, worn in the late 18th and early 19th centuries, was a full-skirted, short-waisted, double-breasted overcoat adapted from the English riding coat. The woman’s redingote of the same period was a close-fitting dress that was fastened down the front

animal communication: Evolution of signals: …may also perform displays of redirected aggressive attacks on nearby inanimate objects, reminiscent of an angry person who slams a door instead of causing physical harm to the individual who is serving as the source of frustration. The form of vocal signals can also reveal information about sender state. Vocalizations…

animal communication: Evolution of signals: …may also perform displays of redirected aggressive attacks on nearby inanimate objects, reminiscent of an angry person who slams a door instead of causing physical harm to the individual who is serving as the source of frustration. The form of vocal signals can also reveal information about sender state. Vocalizations…

discount rate, interest rate charged by a central bank for loans of reserve funds to commercial banks and other financial intermediaries. This charge originally was an actual discount (an interest charge held out from the amount loaned), but the rate is now a true interest charge, even though the

Kofi Awoonor: Each poem in Rediscovery and Other Poems (1964), for example, records a single moment in a larger pattern of recognition and rediscovery. Awoonor’s subsequent volumes of poetry include Night of My Blood (1971), Ride Me, Memory (1973), The House by the Sea (1978), and Latin American and Caribbean…

Reform Bill: …to agricultural workers, while the Redistribution Act of 1885 equalized representation on the basis of 50,000 voters per each single-member legislative constituency. Together these two acts tripled the electorate and prepared the way for universal male suffrage.

George Bernard Shaw on socialism: …into public property, and the division of the resultant public income equally and indiscriminately among the entire population. Thus it reverses the policy of Capitalism, which means establishing private or “real” property to the utmost physically possible extent, and then leaving distribution of income to take care of itself. The…

organometallic compound: Redistribution: + 2B(CH3)3 Double displacements involving the same central element are often referred to as redistribution reactions. A commercially important example is the redistribution of silicon tetrachloride and tetramethylsilicon (also known as tetramethylsilane) at elevated temperatures. SiCl4 + (CH3)4Si → CH3SiCl + (CH3)2SiCl2 + (CH3)3

legislative apportionment, process by which representation is distributed among the constituencies of a representative assembly. This use of the term apportionment is limited almost exclusively to the United States. In most other countries, particularly the United Kingdom and the countries of the

Rejang, tribe inhabiting Bengkulu province, southern Sumatra, Indonesia, on the upper course of the Musi River. Of Proto-Malay stock and numbering about 238,000 in the late 20th century, they speak a Malayo-Polynesian dialect called Rejang, whose written form is of Indian origin, predating

Rejang: …speak a Malayo-Polynesian dialect called Rejang, whose written form is of Indian origin, predating Islāmization and its introduction of Arabic characters. Organized into four major patriclans having a common mythical origin, the Rejang belong to localized, kin-based communities. In addition, village communities, each led by an elected headman, today belong…

Redjedef, third king of the 4th dynasty of ancient Egypt who ruled c. 2482–c. 2475 bce. Redjedef was a son of Khufu, builder of the Great Pyramid, by a secondary queen. The original crown prince, Kawab, who had married the heiress Hetepheres II, apparently predeceased his father. At Khufu’s death,

Alfred Redl was the chief of intelligence for the Austrian army from 1907 to 1912 and at the same time the chief spy for tsarist Russia in Austria. Redl was born into a poor family but traveled widely as a young man and learned many languages. His ability and intelligence won him a commission in

Redlands, city, San Bernardino county, southern California, U.S. Located about 60 miles (100 km) east of downtown Los Angeles, it is situated in the southwestern corner of the San Bernardino Valley, surrounded by peaks more than 10,000 feet (3,000 metres) high. Deriving its name from the red soil

Rancho Cucamonga: …also satellite campuses of the University of Redlands and the University of La Verne. The city hosts an annual Grape Harvest Festival (first held in 1939). San Bernardino and Angeles national forests are north of the city. Inc. 1977. Pop. (2010) 165,269; (2020) 174,453.

Joseph Redlich was an Austrian statesman and historian who was an influential politician before and during World War I (1914–18) and wrote important works on local government and parliamentary institutions. Redlich, the son of a prominent Jewish industrialist, studied law and history at the

Cambrian Period: Paleogeography: …margins of Baltica, and the redlichiids vanished from the shallow-shelf ecosystems near Gondwana. Also, diverse and abundant reef-dwelling archaeocyathans (extinct group of sponges thought to have helped construct the first reefs) disappeared from most low-latitude warm-water continental shelves.

redlining, illegal discriminatory practice in which a mortgage lender denies loans or an insurance provider restricts services to certain areas of a community, often because of the racial characteristics of the applicant’s neighbourhood. Redlining practices also include unfair and abusive loan

Keith Jarrett: …the 1970s, performing with saxophonist Dewey Redman, bassist Charlie Haden, and drummer Paul Motian; and he toured and recorded with the Norwegian saxophonist Jan Garbarek. During this period he experimented with a vast array of tonal and structural devices that previously had been associated more with world music than jazz.…

Don Byas: …swing bands, including those of Don Redman and Andy Kirk, and in 1941 he became a tenor saxophone soloist with Count Basie on such songs as “Swinging the Blues,” “Royal Garden Blues,” and, most notably, “Harvard Blues.” He also became associated with bebop innovators such as Charlie Parker and Dizzy…

Eddie Redmayne is a British actor known for his transformative performances in such films as The Theory of Everything (2014), for which he won an Academy Award. Redmayne was raised in London. He began acting at a young age, training at the Jackie Palmer Stage School and performing with the National

Eddie Redmayne is a British actor known for his transformative performances in such films as The Theory of Everything (2014), for which he won an Academy Award. Redmayne was raised in London. He began acting at a young age, training at the Jackie Palmer Stage School and performing with the National

Redmond, city, Deschutes county, central Oregon, U.S., near the Deschutes River. It lies in front of the eastern foothills of the Cascade Range on the western edge of the Great Basin, about 16 miles (26 km) north-northeast of Bend. Redmond was founded in 1904 by pioneers Frank and Josephine

Redmond, city, King county, northwestern Washington, U.S., on the Sammamish River 16 miles (26 km) northeast of Seattle. Founded in 1871 as an agricultural, fishing, and logging center, it was first called Salmonberg after the abundant local fish. It was renamed for Luke McRedmond, a local farmer

Derek Redmond: Between a Father and His Son: British runner Derek Redmond didn’t win any Olympic medals, and he didn’t set any world records. In fact, he didn’t even make it to the finals of his event, the men’s 400-meter race. Nevertheless, he provided one of the most lasting images in Olympic history.

John Redmond was the leader of the Irish Parliamentary Party (commonly called the Irish Nationalist Party, or the Nationalists) who devoted his life to achieving Home Rule for Ireland. After he was elected to the House of Commons for New Ross, Wexford (1881), Redmond set a record by taking his

universal: Trope nominalism: …as parts a particular “redness trope” and a particular “roundness trope.” According to a trope metaphysics, things are red in virtue of having redness tropes as parts, round in virtue of having roundness tropes as parts, and so on. Such tropes are “abstract particulars”: the shape trope, for example,…

Manuel Scorza: Redoble por Rancas (1970; Drums for Rancas) was the first of five volumes dealing with events in Peru (1955–62) and with the plight of the Indians. A basic theme in this and the other four novels of the series, Historia de Garabombo, el invisible (1972; “Story of Garabombo the…

Odilon Redon was a French Symbolist painter, lithographer, and etcher of considerable poetic sensitivity and imagination, whose work developed along two divergent lines. His prints explore haunted, fantastic, often macabre themes and foreshadowed the Surrealist and Dadaist movements. His oils and