Simcoe, former town, now incorporated into (and administrative centre of) the regional municipality of Norfolk county, southeastern Ontario, Canada. It lies along the Lynn River, 5 miles (8 km) north of Lake Erie. Settled before 1780 and named after John Graves Simcoe, the first lieutenant governor

John Graves Simcoe was a British soldier and statesman who became the first lieutenant governor of Upper Canada (present-day Ontario). Simcoe—educated at Exeter Grammar School, Eton College, and Oxford University—entered the British army as an ensign in 1770. He served during the American

Lake Simcoe, lake, southeastern Ontario, Canada. It lies between Lake Huron’s Georgian Bay and Lake Ontario, 40 miles (65 km) north of Toronto. Fed by numerous small streams and joined by the Trent Canal, the lake, 287 square miles (743 square km) in area, drains northward through Couchiching Lake

electronic artificial life game: …first commercial A-life release was SimEarth (1990), a world-builder simulation for personal computers (PCs) in which players select from various landforms and climates for their planet, seed the planet with very primitive life forms, and wait to see if advanced life will develop. Compared with his hit electronic management game…

wolf: Other wolves: The Ethiopian wolf (C. simensis) looks similar to the coyote. It lives in a few isolated areas of grassland and heath scrub at high elevations in Ethiopia. Although it lives in packs, the wolves hunt alone for rodents and other small mammals. Studies estimate that fewer…

Simien Mountains, mountains in northern Ethiopia, northeast of Gonder. In the range is Ras Dejen (or Dashen), the highest peak in Ethiopia at 14,872 feet (4,533 metres). The region is the site of Simien Mountains National Park, which is home to a number of very rare species that include the walia

Georges Simenon was a Belgian-French novelist whose prolific output surpassed that of any of his contemporaries and who was perhaps the most widely published author of the 20th century. Simenon began working on a local newspaper at age 16, and at 19 he went to Paris determined to be a successful

Georges Simenon was a Belgian-French novelist whose prolific output surpassed that of any of his contemporaries and who was perhaps the most widely published author of the 20th century. Simenon began working on a local newspaper at age 16, and at 19 he went to Paris determined to be a successful

Dinah: Dinah’s brothers Simeon and Levi pretended to agree to the marriage and the covenant if Shechem and all the other males of the city of Shechem were circumcised. After the operations, while the men were still weakened, Simeon and Levi attacked the city, killed all the males,…

St. Peter the Apostle was a disciple of Jesus Christ, recognized in the early Christian church as the leader of the 12 disciples and by the Roman Catholic Church as the first of its unbroken succession of popes. Peter, a Jewish fisherman, was called to be a disciple of Jesus at the beginning of

Simeon, one of the 12 tribes of Israel that in biblical times comprised the people of Israel who later became the Jewish people. The tribe was named after the second son born to Jacob and his first wife, Leah. Following the Exodus out of Egypt and the death of Moses, Joshua led the Israelites into

yeshiva: …who dominated religious scholarship were Simeon ben Gamaliel (died 175) and his son, Judah ha-Nasi (c. 135–c. 220), under whose tutelage the compilation of the Mishna was completed.

Shimon bar Yochai was a Galilean tanna (i.e., one of a select group of Palestinian rabbinic teachers), one of the most eminent disciples of the martyred rabbi Akiva ben Yosef and, traditionally, author of the Zohar (see Sefer ha-zohar), the most important work of Jewish mysticism. Little is known

Simeon I was the tsar of the first Bulgarian empire (925–927), a warlike sovereign who nevertheless made his court a cultural centre. Educated in Constantinople (now Istanbul), Simeon succeeded his father, Boris I, in 893 after the short intervening reign (889–893) of his dissolute elder brother,

Simeon Saxecoburggotski is the last king of Bulgaria, reigning as a child from 1943 to 1946 as Simeon II. He later served as the country’s prime minister (2001–05). Read about other great political comebacks. On Aug. 28, 1943, his father, Boris III, died under mysterious circumstances—the cause of

Simeon Metaphrastes was a Byzantine hagiographer whose Mēnologion, a 10-volume collection of the lives of early Eastern saints, achieved wide popularity. Of Simeon’s life it is known only that he held an administrative post in the Byzantine civil service and that toward the end of his life he

Simeon Of Durham was a chronicler of medieval England. Simeon entered the Benedictine abbey at Jarrow, in the county of Durham, in about 1071. This abbey was moved (1083) to the town of Durham, and there he made his religious vows in 1085/86 and later became choirmaster. Between 1104 and 1108

Fyodor III: …in Polish and Latin by Simeon Polotsky, a noted theologian who had studied in Kiev and Poland. When Alexis died, Fyodor ascended the throne (Jan. 19 [Jan. 29], 1676), but his youth and poor health prevented him from actively participating in the conduct of government affairs. His uncle Ivan B.…

St. Simeon Stylites ; Western feast day January 5; Eastern feast day September 1) was a Syrian Christian hermit who was the first known stylite, or pillar hermit (from Greek stylos, “pillar”). He was called Simeon the Elder to distinguish him from several other stylites also named Simeon. The son

St. Simeon Stylites ; Western feast day January 5; Eastern feast day September 1) was a Syrian Christian hermit who was the first known stylite, or pillar hermit (from Greek stylos, “pillar”). He was called Simeon the Elder to distinguish him from several other stylites also named Simeon. The son

Simeon I was the tsar of the first Bulgarian empire (925–927), a warlike sovereign who nevertheless made his court a cultural centre. Educated in Constantinople (now Istanbul), Simeon succeeded his father, Boris I, in 893 after the short intervening reign (889–893) of his dissolute elder brother,

Saint Symeon the New Theologian was a Byzantine monk and mystic, termed the New Theologian to mark his difference from two key figures in Greek Christian esteem, St. John the Evangelist and the 4th-century theologian St. Gregory of Nazianzus. Through his spiritual experiences and writings, Symeon

Charles Simeon was an Anglican clergyman and biblical commentator who led the Evangelical (or Low Church) movement, in reaction to the liturgically and episcopally oriented High Church party. Simeon was educated at King’s College, Cambridge, where he became vice provost (1790–92). In 1782 he was

Nunc Dimittis, in the New Testament, a brief hymn of praise sung by the aged Simeon, who had been promised by the Holy Spirit that he would not die until he had seen the Messiah. Simeon was at the Temple in Jerusalem when Mary and Joseph came to present the infant Jesus for the rite of purification

Sara Simeoni is an Italian high jumper who won an Olympic gold medal and two silver medals in the 1970s and ’80s. At the 1972 Olympics in Munich, Simeoni advanced to the final round, where she finished in sixth place with a jump of 1.85 m (6 feet 34 inch) behind 16-year-old gold medalist Ulrike

Simeulue Island, island in the Indian Ocean, Aceh daerah istimewa (special district), Indonesia. Simeulue lies off the northwestern coast of Sumatra, about 170 mi (274 km) southwest of Medan city. The island, 65 mi long and 20 mi wide, covers an area of 712 sq mi (1,844 sq km). Its hills rise to

Simeulue Island, island in the Indian Ocean, Aceh daerah istimewa (special district), Indonesia. Simeulue lies off the northwestern coast of Sumatra, about 170 mi (274 km) southwest of Medan city. The island, 65 mi long and 20 mi wide, covers an area of 712 sq mi (1,844 sq km). Its hills rise to

Simferopol, city and administrative centre of Crimea, in southern Ukraine. The city lies along the Salhyr (Salgir) River where it emerges from the Crimean Mountains. On the present outskirts of the city is the site of Neapolis, occupied by the Scythians from the 3rd century bce to the 4th century

Sinhalese language, Indo-Aryan language, one of the two official languages of Sri Lanka. It was taken there by colonists from northern India about the 5th century bc. Because of its isolation from the other Indo-Aryan tongues of mainland India, Sinhalese developed along independent lines. It was

India: The Deccan and the south: …expanded during the reign of Simhana (reigned c. 1210–47), who campaigned against the Hoysala in northern Karnataka, against the lesser chiefs of the western coast, and against the Kakatiya kingdom in the eastern Deccan. Turning northward, Simhana attacked the Paramaras and the Caulukyas. The Yadavas, however, facing the Turks to…

Simchat Torah, (“Rejoicing of the Torah”), Jewish religious observance held on the last day of Sukkot (“Festival of Booths”), when the yearly cycle of Torah reading is completed and the next cycle is begun. Torah scrolls are removed from the ark and carried through the synagogue seven times in a

Simchat Torah, (“Rejoicing of the Torah”), Jewish religious observance held on the last day of Sukkot (“Festival of Booths”), when the yearly cycle of Torah reading is completed and the next cycle is begun. Torah scrolls are removed from the ark and carried through the synagogue seven times in a

Pallava dynasty: A later Pallava king, Simhavarman, is mentioned in the Sanskrit Lokavibhaga as reigning from 436 ce.

Simi Valley, city, Ventura county, southern California, U.S. It is adjacent to the northwestern boundary of the San Fernando Valley, 40 miles (65 km) northwest of Los Angeles. The area was founded on the site of a Chumash Indian village and designated a Spanish rancho in 1795. The settlement

SIV, infectious agent of the genus Lentivirus in the family Retroviridae. The virus infects primates of the infraorder Simiiformes, which includes the so-called anthropoids—apes, monkeys, and humans. SIV is transmitted through contact with infected body fluids such as blood. It is widespread among

virus: Malignant transformation: …of the family Polyomaviridae is simian virus 40 (SV40), originally isolated from cells of the African green monkey (Cercopithecus sabaeus), where it grows rapidly and kills the cells. Infection of rodent or human cells, however, results in an abortive infection (an incompatibility between the virus and the host cell) but…

virus: Malignant transformation: …of the family Polyomaviridae is simian virus 40 (SV40), originally isolated from cells of the African green monkey (Cercopithecus sabaeus), where it grows rapidly and kills the cells. Infection of rodent or human cells, however, results in an abortive infection (an incompatibility between the virus and the host cell) but…

simakobu, (Simias concolor), leaf-eating monkey found only on the Mentawai Islands west of Sumatra. The body averages about half a metre (20 inches) in length, and it is unique among langurs in having a tail that is much shorter than the body (15 cm [6 inches]). Females weigh 7 kg (15.5 pounds) on

Charles Simic was a Yugoslavian-born American poet who evoked his eastern European heritage and his childhood experiences during World War II to comment on the dearth of spirituality in contemporary life. At age 15 Simic moved with his mother to Paris, where he attended French schools and studied

wolf: Other wolves: The Ethiopian wolf (C. simensis) looks similar to the coyote. It lives in a few isolated areas of grassland and heath scrub at high elevations in Ethiopia. Although it lives in packs, the wolves hunt alone for rodents and other small mammals. Studies estimate that fewer…

Simien Mountains, mountains in northern Ethiopia, northeast of Gonder. In the range is Ras Dejen (or Dashen), the highest peak in Ethiopia at 14,872 feet (4,533 metres). The region is the site of Simien Mountains National Park, which is home to a number of very rare species that include the walia

Ethiopia: Plant and animal life: Simien Mountains National Park, home to several endangered species, was designated a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1978.

Ethiopia: Plant and animal life: Simien Mountains National Park, home to several endangered species, was designated a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1978.

primate: Classification: Infraorder Simiiformes 8 living and 6 fossil families dating to the Early Miocene. Platyrrhini (New World monkeys) 5 living families with more than 93 species. 1 fossil family of 7 Late Oligocene to Early Miocene genera (8 species) are not assignable to any of these families.…

Meister Eckhart: Similarity: Man thus detached from the singular (individual things) and attached to the universal (Being) discovers himself to be an image of God. Divine resemblance, an assimilation, then emerges: the Son, image of the Father, engenders himself within the detached soul. As an image, “thou…

perception: Gestalt principles: In the right-hand panel, similarity, another principle of organization, is operative. Here, by virtue of similarity in brightness, the visual field tends to be perceptually articulated into alternating sets of black and gray rows.

mathematics: The Elements: …VI describes the properties of similar plane rectilinear figures and so generalizes the congruence theory of Book I. It appears that the technique of similar figures was already known in the 5th century bce, even though a fully valid justification could not have been given before Eudoxus worked out his…

Euclidean geometry: Similarity of triangles: ) The fundamental theorem of similarity states that a line segment splits two sides of a triangle into proportional segments if and only if the segment is parallel to the triangle’s third side.

simile, figure of speech involving a comparison between two unlike entities. In the simile, unlike the metaphor, the resemblance is explicitly indicated by the words “like” or “as.” The common heritage of similes in everyday speech usually reflects simple comparisons based on the natural world or

Gian Giorgio Trissino: …wrote a later verse comedy, I simillimi (published 1548), based on the Roman playwright Plautus’ Menaechmi. He also wrote the first Italian odes modeled on the irregular lyric verse of the Greek poet Pindar and the first Italian versions of the Horatian ode. His La poetica (1529) used Italian poetry…

Great Seal of the United States: Origin of the Great Seal: …committee consulted with Philadelphia artist Pierre Eugène du Simitière. Choosing a design of his, with slight changes, for the obverse, and one by Franklin for the reverse, it reported to Congress on August 20, 1776. That body tabled the report and deferred further action. However, certain elements carried over into…

Costas Simitis was a legal scholar and politician who served as the prime minister of Greece from 1996 to 2004. Simitis was the son of George Simitis, an attorney and prominent leftist politician; both his parents were active in the Resistance during World War II. He received a bachelor’s degree

Costas Simitis was a legal scholar and politician who served as the prime minister of Greece from 1996 to 2004. Simitis was the son of George Simitis, an attorney and prominent leftist politician; both his parents were active in the Resistance during World War II. He received a bachelor’s degree

Costas Simitis was a legal scholar and politician who served as the prime minister of Greece from 1996 to 2004. Simitis was the son of George Simitis, an attorney and prominent leftist politician; both his parents were active in the Resistance during World War II. He received a bachelor’s degree

Sīmjūrid Dynasty, (c. 940–1000), minor Iranian dynasty that ruled in Khorāsān. The Sīmjūrids, a family of Iranian notables, rose to prominence early in the 10th century under the Sāmānid rulers of Iran. The detailed history of the family is somewhat obscure, but its historical significance lies in

Shimla, city, capital of Himachal Pradesh state, northwestern India. The city lies northeast of Chandigarh on a ridge of the Himalayan foothills, at an elevation of about 7,100 feet (2,200 metres). Shimla was built by the British on land they had retained after the Gurkha War of 1814–16 and was

electronic artificial life game: …followed with the critically acclaimed SimLife (1992), an A-life simulation in which players adjust numerous environmental and genetic parameters to influence the evolution of plants and animals within the game. It has often been used as a tool for teaching children how plants, herbivores, and carnivores interact to maintain a…

Georg Simmel was a German sociologist and Neo-Kantian philosopher whose fame rests chiefly on works concerning sociological methodology. He taught philosophy at the Universities of Berlin (1885–1914) and Strassburg (1914–18), and his insightful essays on personal and social interaction inspired the

livestock farming: Beef cattle breeds: The Simmental accounts for nearly half of the cattle of Switzerland, Austria, and the western areas of Germany. Smaller than the Charolais and Limousin, the Simmental was developed for milk, meat, and draft. It is yellowish brown or red with characteristic white markings.

boiling: At the simmering point, variously specified but generally approaching the boiling temperature, the surface of the water breaks into small bubbles; simmering, in a covered or open pan, is commonly used to prepare soups, stews, and pot roasts. In blanching, boiling water is poured over vegetables, fruits,…

atrophy: Whole body atrophy: Simmonds disease is a chronic deficiency of function of the pituitary gland, a form of hypopituitarism, that leads to atrophy of many of the viscera, including the heart, liver, spleen, kidneys, thyroid, adrenals, and gonads. The disease results in emaciation and death if left untreated.

jojoba, (Simmondsia chinensis), leathery-leaved shrub in the box family (Buxaceae), native to the southwestern United States and northern Mexico, the capsules of which yield jojoba oil. The stiff-branched plant, which grows to a height of up to 2 m (7 feet), is cultivated as hedge material,

Chicago White Sox: Eddie Collins, Luke Appling, Al Simmons, Luis Aparicio, and Nellie Fox, as well as fan favourites Minnie Miñoso and Harold Baines. In 1981 the Sox signed Carlton Fisk, an 11-time all-star (four with the White Sox) and one of the greatest catchers of all time. First baseman Frank Thomas

Augusta Emma Simmons Stetson was an American religious leader whose success and popularity as a leader in New York’s Christian Science community was considered a threat by the Mother Church. In 1864 Augusta Simmons married Captain Frederick J. Stetson, with whom she lived in England, India, and

Ben Simmons is an Australian professional basketball player known for his versatility, being capable of playing multiple positions and praised for both his defensive skills and playmaking ability on offense. He was named to the National Basketball Association (NBA) Eastern Conference All-Star team

Ben Simmons is an Australian professional basketball player known for his versatility, being capable of playing multiple positions and praised for both his defensive skills and playmaking ability on offense. He was named to the National Basketball Association (NBA) Eastern Conference All-Star team

the Ten: Edmund Tarbell, Robert Reid, and E.E. Simmons. When Twachtman died in 1902, William Merritt Chase replaced him.

Underwood-Simmons Tariff Act: Furnifold Simmons, chairman of the Senate Committee on Finance.

Miami Vice: Music and guest stars: …did Miles Davis, Eartha Kitt, Gene Simmons (of Kiss), Sheena Easton, Little Richard, and Barbra Streisand (who was dating Johnson at the time). Miami Vice was also a stepping stone for many new actors who went on to become film and TV stars, including Bruce Willis, Julia Roberts, Dennis Farina,…

Zitkala-Sa was a writer and reformer who strove to expand opportunities for Native Americans and to safeguard their cultures. Gertrude Simmons was the daughter of a Yankton Sioux mother and a Euro-American father. She adopted the name Zitkala-Sa in her teens. When she was eight, she was sent to

J.K. Simmons is an American character actor who had a wide-ranging and prolific career both before and after winning an Academy Award for his unnerving portrayal of the sadistic and perfectionist music instructor in Damien Chazelle’s drama Whiplash (2014). Simmons was the son of a music teacher,

Jean Simmons was a British-born American actress who was known for her cool elegance. At age 14, soon after she entered the Aida Foster School of Dancing, Simmons was persuaded by a talent scout to audition for what would be her debut film role, in Give Us the Moon (1943). Over the next several

Jean Simmons was a British-born American actress who was known for her cool elegance. At age 14, soon after she entered the Aida Foster School of Dancing, Simmons was persuaded by a talent scout to audition for what would be her debut film role, in Give Us the Moon (1943). Over the next several

J.K. Simmons is an American character actor who had a wide-ranging and prolific career both before and after winning an Academy Award for his unnerving portrayal of the sadistic and perfectionist music instructor in Damien Chazelle’s drama Whiplash (2014). Simmons was the son of a music teacher,

Run-DMC: Its members were Joseph Simmons (Run), Darryl McDaniels (DMC, or D.M.C.), and Jason Mizell (Jam Master Jay).

Tyler Perry: Perry’s trademark character, Madea, was created in his play I Can Do Bad All by Myself (2000; film 2009). The brutally honest, rambunctious gun-toting grandmother, whose name comes from the frequent African American contraction of “Mother Dear,” was played by Perry in drag. She was a recurring figure…

Richard Simmons was an American aerobics instructor and fitness guru known for his Sweatin’ to the Oldies series of workout videos, which showcased his high energy and flamboyant personality and his trademark workout attire of striped dolphin shorts and bedazzled tank tops. He was also an author

the Doobie Brothers: …bassist Dave Shogren, and guitarist Patrick Simmons.

Richard Simmons was an American aerobics instructor and fitness guru known for his Sweatin’ to the Oldies series of workout videos, which showcased his high energy and flamboyant personality and his trademark workout attire of striped dolphin shorts and bedazzled tank tops. He was also an author

Rick Rubin: After hearing “It’s Yours,” Russell Simmons, who was already a rising star in the hip-hop scene, joined Rubin at Def Jam. The two, based in Rubin’s dormitory room, collected demo tapes from aspiring rappers and disc jockeys. In 1984 they had their first hit with LL Cool J’s “I…

Ku Klux Klan: Revival of the Ku Klux Klan: William J. Simmons, a preacher and promoter of fraternal orders who had been inspired by Thomas Dixon’s book The Clansman (1905) and D.W. Griffith’s film The Birth of a Nation (1915). The new organization remained small until Edward Y. Clarke and Elizabeth Tyler brought to…

tank: Earliest developments: …a powered quadricycle on which F.R. Simms mounted a machine gun in 1899 in England. The inevitable next step was a vehicle that was both armed and armoured. Such a vehicle was constructed to the order of Vickers, Sons and Maxim Ltd. and was exhibited in London in 1902. Two…

New York Giants: Taylor and Harry Carson, quarterback Phil Simms, and tight end Mark Bavaro. The Giants won Super Bowls following the 1986 and 1990 seasons, maintaining success through the majority of Parcells’s tenure. After capturing a second Super Bowl, Parcells left the team, and afterward the Giants had a mixed record, with…

Ruth Hanna McCormick Simms was an American public official, an activist on behalf of woman suffrage, and a Republican representative to the U.S. Congress. Ruth Hanna was the daughter of industrialist and political kingmaker Mark Hanna, and she often accompanied her father as he attended to business

William Gilmore Simms was an outstanding Southern novelist. Motherless at two, Simms was reared by his grandmother while his father fought in the Creek wars and under Jackson at New Orleans in 1814. Simms lived a vicariously adventurous childhood through his father, while absorbing history through

Willie Simms was an American jockey who is the only African American to have won all three of the races that compose the Triple Crown of American horse racing: the Kentucky Derby, the Belmont Stakes, and the Preakness Stakes. Simms began racing in the North in 1887 and became the most-successful

Lambert Simnel was an impostor and claimant to the English crown, the son of an Oxford joiner, who was a pawn in the conspiracies to restore the Yorkist line after the victory of Henry VII (1485). A young Oxford priest, Richard Symonds, seeing in the handsome boy some alleged resemblance to Edward

virtual reality: Entertainment: military’s SIMNET system of networked training simulators, BattleTech centres put players in individual “pods,” essentially cockpits that served as immersive, interactive consoles for both narrative and competitive game experiences. All the vehicles represented in the game were controlled by other players, each in his own pod…

Simocetus, dolphinlike toothed whale (or odontocete) from the late Oligocene (28 million to 23 million years ago) known for its unusual facial characteristics. The fossil remains of Simocetus were found in the Alsea Formation, a geologic marine sequence made up of fine muds and sands on Oregon’s

African Americans and Horse Racing: …known by name was “Monkey” Simon, who rode at the Clover Bottom Race Track in Tennessee about 1806. During the 1820s, horse racing became the most popular sport in the United States, and a large number of the best trainers and jockeys in the country were African Americans.

St. Peter the Apostle was a disciple of Jesus Christ, recognized in the early Christian church as the leader of the 12 disciples and by the Roman Catholic Church as the first of its unbroken succession of popes. Peter, a Jewish fisherman, was called to be a disciple of Jesus at the beginning of

Simon and Garfunkel, American musical duo, consisting of Paul Simon and Art Garfunkel, who achieved iconic status in the 1960s by wedding Everly Brothers-styled harmonies to themes of urban alienation and self-examination, which both matched and mirrored contemporary society’s changes. With album

Simon & Schuster, Inc., American publishing house. It was founded in 1924 by Richard L. Simon and M. Lincoln Schuster, whose initial project, the original crossword-puzzle book, was a best seller. Among their other innovations was Pocket Books, the first American paperback line, which was launched

Simon and Garfunkel, American musical duo, consisting of Paul Simon and Art Garfunkel, who achieved iconic status in the 1960s by wedding Everly Brothers-styled harmonies to themes of urban alienation and self-examination, which both matched and mirrored contemporary society’s changes. With album

John Irving: … (1989; adapted as the film Simon Birch, 1998), about the effects of a diminutive boy with messianic qualities on the life of the narrator, Irving continued to refine his use of hyperbole and the surreal to illuminate the human condition. A Son of the Circus (1994), an unevenly received amalgam…

Giuseppe Verdi: The later middle years of Giuseppe Verdi: Two pieces for Italian theatres, Simon Boccanegra (1857) and Un ballo in maschera (1859; A Masked Ball), affected to a lesser extent by the impact of the grand operatic style, show the enrichment of Verdi’s power as an interpreter of human character and as a master of orchestral colour. Boccanegra,…

Caracas: City layout: The twin towers of the Simón Bolívar Centre are also located nearby. Once the tallest buildings in the country, these 30-story structures house various ministries of the national government.

Gustavo Dudamel: …him music director of the Simón Bolívar Youth Orchestra of Venezuela (SBYOV; later renamed the Simón Bolívar Symphony Orchestra of Venezuela), the chief performing group. The next year Dudamel and the orchestra toured Germany, and in following years they made additional trips to Europe, all to ecstatic reviews. They played…

Gustavo Dudamel: …him music director of the Simón Bolívar Youth Orchestra of Venezuela (SBYOV; later renamed the Simón Bolívar Symphony Orchestra of Venezuela), the chief performing group. The next year Dudamel and the orchestra toured Germany, and in following years they made additional trips to Europe, all to ecstatic reviews. They played…

Simon Commission, group appointed in November 1927 by the British Conservative government under Stanley Baldwin to report on the working of the Indian constitution established by the Government of India Act of 1919. The commission consisted of seven members—four Conservatives, two Labourites, and