Glen Powell: Early onscreen career: …his first film role, in Spy Kids 3: Game Over as the oddly specific “Long-fingered Boy.” He continued acting in minor roles as he attended Westwood High School in Austin, where he was an all-state lacrosse player, a football player, and a member of the business club. Films from this…

Jackie Chan: …The Forbidden Kingdom (2008), and The Spy Next Door (2010). Chan starred in a remake of the 1984 action-drama The Karate Kid (2010) and later in the revenge thriller The Foreigner (2017). He did voice work in the computer-animated film Kung Fu Panda (2008) and its sequels (2011 and 2016);…

Sam Shepard: …his final work, the novel Spy of the First Person. It centres on the reflections of a dying man. The book was published in December 2017, some five months after Shepard’s death.

spy satellite, spacecraft used by governments to monitor foreign military operations and other phenomena involving national security. The earliest reconnaissance satellites were developed in the United States, near the end of Dwight Eisenhower’s presidency. The Soviet Union’s launch of the Sputnik

spy story, a tale of international intrigue and adventure. Among the best examples of the genre are works by John Buchan, Len Deighton, John le Carré, and Sapper (H. Cyril McNeile). Two directions taken by the modern spy story were typified by Ian Fleming’s enormously popular James Bond thrillers,

Len Deighton: …espionage genre in 1974 with Spy Story and a later series of trilogies featuring British intelligence agent Bernard Samson, which include Spy Hook (1988), Spy Line (1989), and Spy Sinker (1990) and Faith (1994), Hope (1995), and Charity (1996). Other novels are SS-GB (1978), XPD (1981), Goodbye, Mickey Mouse (1982),…

The Spy Who Came In from the Cold, British spy film, released in 1965, that is an adaptation of John le Carré’s 1963 best seller, featuring Richard Burton in one of his finest performances. British agent Alec Leamas (played by Burton) has grown cynical about the espionage game. His boss at MI6,

John le Carré: …came with his third novel, The Spy Who Came In from the Cold (1963), which centred on Alec Leamas, an aging British intelligence agent ordered to discredit an East German official. Unlike the usual glamorous spies of fiction, Leamas is a lonely and alienated man, without a respectable career or…

Gillian Anderson: Films: The House of Mirth and The Last King of Scotland: …MI6 agent in the comedy The Spy Who Dumped Me (2018). Her film credits from 2019 included The Sunlit Night. Anderson subsequently appeared in White Bird (2023) and Scoop (2024). In the latter film, which is based on true events, she played a news anchor who interviews Prince Andrew about…

Carly Simon: …to the James Bond movie The Spy Who Loved Me.

Sacha Baron Cohen: …Cohen in the TV series The Spy. Baron Cohen then played Abbie Hoffman in Aaron Sorkin’s The Trial of the Chicago 7 (2020), a film about a group of political activists who were tried for their antiwar activities during the 1968 Democratic National Convention. Also in 2020 he brought Borat…

James Fenimore Cooper: Early years: His second novel, The Spy (1821), was based on another British model, Sir Walter Scott’s “Waverley” novels, stories of adventure and romance set in 17th- and 18th-century Scotland. But in The Spy Cooper broke new ground by using an American Revolutionary War setting (based partly on the experiences…

Avalokiteshvara, in Buddhism, and primarily in Mahayana (“Greater Vehicle”) Buddhism, the bodhisattva (“buddha-to-be”) of infinite compassion and mercy, possibly the most popular of all figures in Buddhist legend. Avalokiteshvara is beloved throughout the Buddhist world—not only in Mahayana

Malcolm Turnbull: …prevent publication of his memoir Spycatcher: The Candid Autobiography of a Senior Intelligence Officer, claiming that it constituted a violation of the Official Secrets Act.

espionage, process of obtaining military, political, commercial, or other secret information by means of spies, secret agents, or illegal monitoring devices. Espionage is sometimes distinguished from the broader category of intelligence gathering by its aggressive nature and its illegality. See

Saab AB: …the company to Dutch automaker Spyker Cars NV. However, Saab Automobile continued to struggle, and various efforts to secure additional financing failed. In December 2011 the company filed for bankruptcy. The majority of its assets were purchased by the start-up company National Electric Vehicle Sweden (NEVS).

Johanna Spyri: …her marriage in 1852 to Bernhard Spyri, a lawyer engaged in editorial work, she moved from her home village of Hirzel, Switzerland, to Zürich. Her love of homeland, feeling for nature, unobtrusive piety, and cheerful wisdom gave both her work and her life their unique quality. Spyri’s books include Ein…

Johanna Spyri was a Swiss writer whose Heidi (2 volumes; 1880–81), a classic of children’s literature, is popular all over the world. Her psychological insight into the child mind, her humor, and her ability to appreciate the joys and sorrows of childhood gave her books appeal and lasting value.

For the Greek hosts of the first modern Olympics in 1896, the marathon signified much more than an athletic competition. The idea for the long-distance race was based on a Greek legend of a lone runner who covered the distance between Marathon and Athens to report the victory of the Greeks over the

Athenagoras I was the ecumenical patriarch and archbishop of Constantinople (modern Istanbul) from 1948 to 1972. Athenagoras was the son of a physician. He attended the seminary on the island of Halki, near Constantinople, and was ordained a deacon in 1910. He then moved to Athens, where he served

spyware, type of computer program that is secretly installed on a person’s computer or mobile device in order to obtain the owner’s private information, such as lists of websites visited, passwords, and credit card numbers. Spyware often finds its way onto users’ computers when they install some

SQL, computer language designed for eliciting information from databases. In the 1970s computer scientists began developing a standardized way to manipulate databases, and out of that research came SQL. The late 1970s and early ’80s saw the release of a number of SQL-based products. SQL gained

squab, variety of domestic pigeon (q.v.) raised for its

military unit: …in an army is the squad, which contains 7 to 14 soldiers and is led by a sergeant. (A slightly larger unit is a section, which consists of 10 to 40 soldiers but is usually used only within headquarters or support organizations.) Three or four squads make up a platoon,…

machine gun: The light machine gun, also called the squad automatic weapon, is equipped with a bipod and is operated by one soldier; it usually has a box-type magazine and is chambered for the small-calibre, intermediate-power ammunition fired by the assault rifles of its military unit. The medium…

Ilhan Omar: U.S. House of Representatives: …media took to calling “the Squad.” In subsequent years, other politically aligned members of the House—namely, Jamaal Bowman of Missouri, Cori Bush of Missouri, Greg Casar of Texas, and Summer Lee of Pennsylvania—joined the Squad.

Giovanni Giolitti: …policy, he tolerated the Fascist squadristi (“armed squads”) when he could have crushed them, and, as the Fascists gained strength, he welcomed their support. He resigned in June 1921. While he was waiting for the right moment to take power again, the Fascists marched on Rome (October 1922) and took…

battalion: …of the battalion is the squadron.

carbonium ion: Reactions.: …material cholesterol from a precursor, squalene, by way of another compound, lanosterol. In this transformation, acid-catalyzed rearrangements—reaction type 6, described earlier—occur repeatedly.

chondrichthyan: Annotated classification: Family Squalidae (spiny dogfishes, sleeper sharks, and relatives) Distinguished by having about as many upper teeth in anterior row as in succeeding rows. Diverse forms, habits, and sizes. Spiny dogfishes (Squalus) grow to about 120 cm (47.25 inches), the Greenland sleeper shark to over 6 metres…

squall, as used by weather forecasters, a sudden wind-speed increase of 8 metres per second (18 miles per hour) or more, for one minute or longer. It includes several briefer wind-speed changes, or gusts. A squall is often named for the weather phenomenon that accompanies it, such as rain, hail, or

thunderstorm: Multiple-cell thunderstorms and mesoscale convective systems: …produced by organized multiple-cell storms, squall lines, or a supercell. All of these tend to be associated with a mesoscale disturbance (a weather system of intermediate size, that is, 10 to 1,000 km [6 to 600 miles] in horizontal extent). Multiple-cell storms have several updrafts and downdrafts in close proximity…

cetacean: Annotated taxonomy: †Family Squalodontidae At least 12 genera. Upper Oligocene to Late Miocene. Europe, North and South America, Australia, and New Zealand. †Family Squalodelphidae 3 genera. Lower Miocene. Europe and South America. †Family Dalpiazinidae 1 genus. Early Miocene. Europe. †Family

cetacean: Annotated taxonomy: †Family Squalodontidae At least 12 genera. Upper Oligocene to Late Miocene. Europe, North and South America, Australia, and New Zealand. †Family Squalodelphidae 3 genera. Lower Miocene. Europe and South America. †Family Dalpiazinidae 1 genus. Early Miocene. Europe. †Family

chondrichthyan: Annotated classification: Suborder Squaloidei (spiny dogfishes, bramble sharks, sleeper sharks, pygmy sharks) Anal fin lacking; snout not elongated into a beak; body subcylindrical (nearly round in section); not flattened dorsoventrally; margins of pectoral fin not expanded forward past first pair of gill openings. Widely distributed, found in all…

Mary Anning: …she excavated the skeleton of Squaloraja, a fossil fish thought to be a member of a transition group between sharks and rays.

dogfish: The spiny dogfishes of the family Squalidae possess a sharp spine in front of each of their two dorsal fins. The most widely known species is Squalus acanthias, called the spiny dogfish, spurdog, or skittle dog. It is abundant along northern Atlantic and Pacific coasts; a…

reptile: Annotated classification: Order Squamata (squamates) Lizards, snakes, and amphisbaenians. Upper Jurassic to present. Two suborders. Parietals fused; Jacobson’s organ with a fungiform projection and separate from nasal cavity, opening only into mouth cavity; paired functional hemipenes. Assorted References

reptile: Annotated classification: Order Squamata (squamates) Lizards, snakes, and amphisbaenians. Upper Jurassic to present. Two suborders. Parietals fused; Jacobson’s organ with a fungiform projection and separate from nasal cavity, opening only into mouth cavity; paired functional hemipenes. Assorted References

epithelioma: …include basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma (cancerous epitheliomas are known as carcinomas), two types of skin cancer that involve the inner layers and scalelike outer cells of the skin, respectively; and parathyroid adenoma, a benign tumour of glandular tissue in the parathyroid gland that can cause a condition…

skin cancer: Diagnosis and prognosis: …cell carcinoma in situ, or Bowen disease, and is confined to the epidermis. Stage I cancers are 2 cm (approximately 34 inch) or less in size; stage II, more than 2 cm. Neither has spread beyond the skin. Stage III cancers have spread to deeper layers of the skin, underlying…

epithelium: Squamous, or flattened, epithelial cells, very thin and irregular in outline, occur as the covering epithelium of the alveoli of the lung and of the glomeruli and capsule of the kidney. Ciliated epithelium lines the trachea, bronchi of the lungs, parts of the nasal cavities,…

lichen: Squamulose lichens are small and leafy with loose attachments to the substrate and are usually considered to be a special type of crustose lichen. Foliose lichens are large and leafy, reaching diameters of several feet in some species, and are usually attached to the substrate…

Squanto was a Native American interpreter and guide. Squanto was born into the Pawtuxet people who occupied lands in present-day Massachusetts and Rhode Island. Little is known about his early life. Some authorities believe that he was taken from home to England in 1605 by George Weymouth and

Francesco Squarcione was an early Renaissance painter who founded the Paduan school and is known for being the teacher of Andrea Mantegna and other noteworthy painters. Squarcione was the son of a notary of Padua. From an early age he began to collect and draw copies of ancient sculptures.

square, in geometry, a plane figure with four equal sides and four right (90°) angles. A square is a special kind of rectangle (an equilateral one) and a special kind of parallelogram (an equilateral and equiangular one). A square has four axes of symmetry, and its two finite diagonals (as with any

Western architecture: 17th century: The regularized residential city square received its greatest development in France with the planning of the royal squares. The Parisian Place des Vosges (1605), with its well-proportioned facades, shadowed arcades, and balanced colour scheme, was the beginning of a series that culminated with the circular Place des Victoires (1685)…

square, in measurement, device consisting of two straightedges set at right angles to each other. It is used by carpenters and machinists for checking the correctness of right angles, as a guide when drawing lines on materials before cutting, or for locating holes. The tools shown in the Figure are

East Asian mathematics: Square and cube roots: In The Nine Chapters, algorithms for finding integral parts of square roots or cube roots on the counting surface are based on the same idea as the arithmetic ones used today. These algorithms are set up on the surface in the…

Battle of the Pyramids: …tactical innovation, the massive divisional square.

majuscule: …in the script known as square capitals and can be seen chiseled in the stone of numerous surviving imperial Roman monuments. Square capitals are distinguished by their slightly heavier downstrokes and lighter upstrokes, and by their use of serifs, i.e., the short lines stemming at right angles from the upper…

couplet: A “square” couplet, for example, is a stanza of eight lines, with each line composed of eight syllables. The preeminent English couplet is the heroic couplet, or two rhyming lines of iambic pentameter with a caesura (pause), usually medial, in each line. Introduced by Chaucer in…

square dance, dance for four couples (or groups of four couples) standing in square formation, the most popular and widely known type of folk dance in the United States. It was called the square dance to distinguish it from comparable dances called the contra, or longways dance, for a double file

Square Deal , description by U.S. Pres. Theodore Roosevelt (served 1901–09) of his personal approach to current social problems and the individual. It embraced Roosevelt’s idealistic view of labour, citizenship, parenthood, and Christian ethics. Roosevelt first used the term following the

Aramaic alphabet: It is ancestral to Square Hebrew and the modern Hebrew alphabet, the Nabataean and modern Arabic scripts, the Palmyrenian alphabet, and the Syriac, as well as hundreds of other writing systems used

Hebrew alphabet: …Hebrew and the Classical, or Square, Hebrew. Early Hebrew was the alphabet used by the Jewish nation in the period before the Babylonian Exile—i.e., prior to the 6th century bce—although some inscriptions in this alphabet may be of a later date. Several hundred inscriptions exist. As is usual in early…

knot: A square knot is composed of two overhand knots turned in opposite ways. It flattens when pulled tight, making it useful in first aid and for tying packages. A surgeon’s knot is an elaborated form of the square knot; it is composed of two overhand knots…

naval warfare: The age of steam and big gun: …“N-square law” and the “square law of attrition”: success would build on itself, so that any small advantage at the outset of an engagement would compound in favour of the superior force. With long-range gunnery, the advantage accrued fleet-wide, not merely ship by ship as in the days of…

matrix: …n columns is called a square matrix of order n. An ordinary number can be regarded as a 1 × 1 matrix; thus, 3 can be thought of as the matrix [3]. A matrix with only one row and n columns is called a row vector, and a matrix with…

City of London, municipal corporation and borough, London, England. Sometimes called “the Square Mile,” it is one of the 33 boroughs that make up the large metropolis of Greater London. The borough lies on the north bank of the River Thames between the Temple Bar memorial pillar (commemorating the

East Asian mathematics: Square and cube roots: In The Nine Chapters, algorithms for finding integral parts of square roots or cube roots on the counting surface are based on the same idea as the arithmetic ones used today. These algorithms are set up on the surface in the…

Brasília: City layout: …and legislative buildings around the Square of Three Powers, the conceptual heart of the city.

soca: …from Barbados, and her band Square One rose to international soca stardom, and they remained perennial performers at Carnival in Trinidad until they broke up in 2004.

Sarah Jessica Parker: …nerd in the television series Square Pegs. Although the show lasted only one season, it developed a cultlike following and led to several film offers, including Footloose (1984) and Girls Just Want to Have Fun (1985).

square piano, musical instrument that was popular for domestic music-making from the time of its invention in the mid-18th century (possibly by the Saxon organ-builder Ernst Christian Friderici) to about 1860 in Europe and to about 1880 in the United States. This type of piano was introduced in

architecture: Symbols of function: In Hindu temples, the square (and the cross plans developed from it) expressed celestial harmony. The central-plan Christian church (circle, polygon, Greek cross, ellipse) fascinated the architects of the Renaissance with its symbolic and traditional values, and it is found in their drawings and treatises to the virtual exclusion…

coordination compound: Geometry: Two common forms are the square planar, in which four ligands are arranged at the corners of a hypothetical square around the central metal atom, and the octahedral, in which six ligands are arranged, four in a plane and one each above and below the plane. Altering the position of…

square root, in mathematics, a factor of a number that, when multiplied by itself, gives the original number. For example, both 3 and –3 are square roots of 9. As early as the 2nd millennium bc, the Babylonians possessed effective methods for approximating square roots. See

probability theory: The central limit theorem: …equation also illustrates clearly the square root law: the accuracy of X̄n as an estimator of μ is inversely proportional to the square root of the sample size n.

square sail, simplest form of rigging and the most ancient. The sails are attached to yards (crossbars) that are hung at their centres from the mast, and there are as many as five yards, one above the other. The characteristic of the square sail, apart from its shape, is that it always presents the

Hebrew alphabet: …Hebrew and the Classical, or Square, Hebrew. Early Hebrew was the alphabet used by the Jewish nation in the period before the Babylonian Exile—i.e., prior to the 6th century bce—although some inscriptions in this alphabet may be of a later date. Several hundred inscriptions exist. As is usual in early…

Joan Armatrading: Notable later releases included Square the Circle (1992), Lovers Speak (2003), the Grammy Award-nominated Into the Blues (2007), Starlight (2013), Not Too Far Away (2018), and Consequences (2021), all of which she produced herself. Armatrading also wrote the music for Phyllida

machine tool: Turret lathes: …the turret lathe is the square turret mounted on the cross slide. This turret also can be rotated about its vertical axis and permits the use of a variety of turning tools. A tool post, or tool block, can be clamped to the rear of the cross slide for mounting…

Jack Dorsey: …cofounded and became CEO of Square, a mobile-payments venture that offered devices and software to facilitate credit card transactions. It launched in 2010 and by 2012 had more than two million users. Square initially was available only in North America, but it expanded to overseas markets in 2013, when its…

bearded seal, (Erignathus barbatus), nonmigratory seal of the family Phocidae, distinguished by the bushy, bristly whiskers for which it is named; it is also known as “squareflipper” after the rectangular shape of the foreflipper. Highly valued by Eskimos for its hide, meat, and blubber, the

northern white rhinoceros, (Ceratotherium simum cottoni), critically endangered subspecies of the white rhinoceros and the most endangered animal on Earth. The northern white rhinoceros formerly inhabited South Sudan and adjacent areas of Uganda and the Democratic Republic of the Congo, with its

southern white rhinoceros, (Ceratotherium simum simum), subspecies of the white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum). The largest rhinoceros group in terms of population, the southern white rhinoceros is found almost exclusively in southern Africa from Angola and Namibia eastward through Botswana,

perissodactyl: Rhinoceroses: …rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis) and the white or square-lipped rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum). The terms black and white are misleading, since both species are grayish to brownish, but the names are well established in common usage.

number game: Geometric dissections: …so-called squaring the square, or squared rectangles. Thus, the problem of subdividing a square into smaller squares, no two of which are alike, which was long thought to be unsolvable, has been solved by the means of network theory. In this connection, a squared rectangle is a rectangle that can…

ostariophysan: Annotated classification: Family Chacidae (squarehead catfishes) Head broad, long, depressed, mouth terminal, wide. Eastern India to Borneo. 1 genus, 3 species. Family Malapteruridae (electric catfishes) Rayed dorsal fin lacking; spines lacking. Electric organs. Food fishes. Size to 1.2 metres (about 4 feet), 23 kg (50 pounds). Africa.

brook trout, (Salvelinus fontinalis), popular freshwater game fish, a variety of char, regarded for its flavour and its fighting qualities when hooked. The brook trout belongs to the salmon family, Salmonidae. A native of the northeastern United States and Canada, it has been transplanted to many

perciform: Annotated classification: Ariommidae, Amarsipidae, and Tetragonuridae Eocene to present; slender to ovate, deep-bodied fishes; dorsal fin continuous or spinous portion set off from soft portion by deep notch; in the most generalized species, which resemble Kyphosidae, the soft dorsal is preceded by about 6 low, stoutish spines; other species resemble…

squaring, in painting, simple technique for transferring an image from one surface to another (and sometimes converting the image from one scale to another) by nonmechanical means. The original work to be transferred is divided into a given number of squares; the same number of squares is then

rowing: Stroke and style of training: …for the catch is called squaring.

Quadrature of the Lune: …that someone had accomplished the squaring of the circle. Whether the unknown genius used lunes or some other method is not known, since for lack of space Boethius did not give the demonstration. He thus transmitted the challenge of the quadrature of the circle together with fragments of geometry apparently…

Valentin Katayev: …comic play Kvadratura kruga (1928; Squaring the Circle) portrays the effect of the housing shortage on two married couples who share a room. Beleyet parus odinoky (1936; Lonely White Sail, or A White Sail Gleams), another novel, treats the 1905 revolution from the viewpoint of two Odessa schoolboys; it was…

number game: Geometric dissections: …deserves brief mention, the so-called squaring the square, or squared rectangles. Thus, the problem of subdividing a square into smaller squares, no two of which are alike, which was long thought to be unsolvable, has been solved by the means of network theory. In this connection, a squared rectangle is…

supersymmetry: …the names of selectrons and squarks. Similarly, known bosons such as the photon and the gluon should have fermionic supersymmetric partners, called the photino and the gluino. There has been no experimental evidence that such “superparticles” exist. If they do indeed exist, their masses could be in the range of…

squash, (genus Cucurbita), genus of flowering plants in the gourd family (Cucurbitaceae), many of which are widely cultivated as vegetables and for livestock feed. Squashes are native to the New World, where they were cultivated by indigenous peoples before European settlement. The fruit of edible

squash rackets, singles or doubles game played in a four-walled court with a long-handled strung racket and a small rubber ball. The game is played on exactly the same principle as rackets but in a smaller court. Squash is usually played by two people, but it can be played by four (doubles). Two

ladybug: Beneficial insects: Two of these are the squash beetle (Epilachna borealis) and the Mexican bean beetle (E. varivestis).

coreid bug: …in North America is the squash bug (Anasa tristis), an important pest of squash, melon, and pumpkin. It is about 15 mm (0.6 inch) long; and, although its basic colour is dull tan, it is covered with so many dark pits that it appears to be brown or black. Squash…

coreid bug, (family Coreidae), any of 2,000 widely distributed species of bugs (order Heteroptera), many of which are important plant pests. Coreid bugs are large, usually more than 10 mm (0.4 inch) in length. They occur in a wide range of environments and vary in size, shape, and colour. Their

Cucurbitaceae, the gourd family of flowering plants, belonging to the order Cucurbitales and containing 98 genera and about 975 species of food and ornamental plants. Members of the family are annual or perennial herbs native to temperate and tropical areas and include cucumbers, gourds, melons,

squash rackets, singles or doubles game played in a four-walled court with a long-handled strung racket and a small rubber ball. The game is played on exactly the same principle as rackets but in a smaller court. Squash is usually played by two people, but it can be played by four (doubles). Two

squash rackets, singles or doubles game played in a four-walled court with a long-handled strung racket and a small rubber ball. The game is played on exactly the same principle as rackets but in a smaller court. Squash is usually played by two people, but it can be played by four (doubles). Two

genetics: Cytogenetics: …the development of the so-called squash technique, in which entire cells are pressed flat on a piece of glass and observed through a microscope; the human chromosomes were numbered using this technique.

squash tennis, racket game resembling squash rackets played by two people only in a four-walled court using a lively inflated ball that bounces very fast and is the size of a tennis ball. The game requires great speed in anticipation and turning. Squash tennis is played in the same court as squash

clearwing moth: The squash vine borer (Melittia) occurs east of the Rocky Mountains from Canada to South America (as the North American M. cucurbitae and the Colombian M. satyriniformis). It is a serious pest of squash and related plants such as gourds, pumpkins, and cucumbers. Eggs are deposited…

artillery: Antitank guns: The squash-head shell used a plastic explosive filling, which, deposited on the armour and then detonated, drove a shock wave through the plate. This resulted in the failure of the inner face and the ejection of a massive slab of metal into the tank.