Caserta: San Leucio, 2 miles (3 km) north, is a village founded by Ferdinand IV, king of Naples, in 1789; it has large silk factories. In the Italian Risorgimento (movement for political unity), the Battle of the Volturno (1860), in which the nationalist leader Giuseppe Garibaldi…

San Lorenzo, ancient Mesoamerican city and archaeological site in Veracruz state, east-central Mexico, about 38 miles (60 km) from the Gulf of Mexico. The oldest known centre of Olmec civilization, San Lorenzo dates to about the 12th century bce. The site is most noted for its extraordinary stone

San Lorenzo, city and port, southeastern Santa Fe provincia (province), northeastern Argentina. It is located on the Paraná River, 14 miles (23 km) north of the city of Rosario, and is an integral part of Greater Rosario. The settlement grew up around a monastery, which the Argentine liberator José

San Lorenzo, Pacific port city, southern Honduras, situated on the northern shore of the Gulf of Fonseca. The shallow waters of the gulf long precluded development of the port, but construction of major roads nearby and the inconvenience of the old port at Amapala fostered the project. Construction

San Lorenzo, early Renaissance-style church designed by Brunelleschi and constructed in Florence from 1421 to the 1460s, except for the facade, which was left uncompleted. Also by Brunelleschi is the Old Sacristy (finished in 1428). The New Sacristy, more commonly called the Medici Chapel, is

slave rebellions: …de Los Negros (now called Yanga), the first settlement of formerly enslaved Africans in North America.

Rome: San Lorenzo Fuori le Mura: Now in the midst of the Campo Verano cemetery, Rome’s Catholic burying ground from 1830, San Lorenzo Fuori le Mura (St. Lawrence Outside the Walls) dates from the 4th century. The nave is a 13th-century basilica built by Pope Honorius…

Western architecture: Second period, after 313 ce: San Lorenzo Maggiore, begun about 370, is a quadrifoil room with four niches and ambulatory; an octagon adjoining it (today Sant’Aquilino) was formerly an imperial mausoleum or baptistery. The church of the Holy Apostles, the present San Nazaro Maggiore (begun in 382), is cruciform in…

Naples: Santa Chiara: The splendid Gothic church of San Lorenzo Maggiore stands on layers of antiquities. Beneath its cloister, which contains exposed remains from Roman times, a large excavation from the Greek and Roman eras of Naples constitutes—with antiquities discovered below the nearby Duomo—a considerable segment of the ancient city centre. At San…

Pinckney’s Treaty, (Oct. 27, 1795), agreement between Spain and the United States, fixing the southern boundary of the United States at 31° N latitude and establishing commercial arrangements favourable to the United States. U.S. citizens were accorded free navigation of the Mississippi River

Western architecture: Origins and development in Rome: …decisively altered villa design; his San Luca e Santa Martina, Rome (1635), was the first church to exhibit fully developed high Baroque characteristics in which the movement toward plasticity, continuity, and dramatic emphasis, begun by Maderno, achieved fruition. Pietro’s reworking of a small square in Rome to include his facade…

academy of art: …were taken up by the Accademia di San Luca, reestablished as an educational program in 1593 at Rome by the painter Federico Zuccari and Cardinal Federico Borromeo. With its emphasis on instruction and exhibition, the Accademia di San Luca was the prototype for the modern academy. Among its functions, much-imitated…

Cape San Lucas, extreme southern tip of the Baja California peninsula, Mexico. The rocky headland forms the southern extremity of the Sierra de San Lazaro and includes the western shore of San Lucas Bay. The isolated town of San Lucas lies 2 miles (3 km) north of the cape. The area is popular with

Caravaggio: The Contarelli Chapel and other church commissions of Caravaggio: …side walls of the Contarelli Chapel of San Luigi dei Francesi, the church of the French in Rome. The commission was secured for him by his patron Cardinal del Monte, whose links to the Medici meant that he had close connections with the French community in Rome. Not only was…

San Luis, city, capital of San Luis provincia (province), west-central Argentina. It is located on the Chorrillos River, near the southern end of the foothills of the Sierra de San Luis. Founded in 1594 by order of the governor of Chile, it was abandoned during wars with the Araucanian Indians.

San Luis, city, northwestern Sonora estado (state), northwestern Mexico. It lies on the Mexico-U.S. border south of Yuma, Arizona, and just east of the Colorado River. The city grew prosperous as a port of entry and as the commercial and manufacturing centre of a large, irrigated agricultural area,

San Luis, provincia (province), west-central Argentina. It is separated from Mendoza province (west) by seasonal rivers having headwaters in the Andes Mountains. The central city of San Luis is the provincial capital. The landscape of San Luis province is transitional, incorporating drier sections

San Luis, city, eastern Cuba. It lies on the northern slopes of the Sierra Maestra, which separates it from Santiago de Cuba, about 12 miles (20 km) to the south. San Luis is both a rail junction and a commercial and manufacturing centre for the agricultural hinterland, which produces sugarcane,

San Luis, city, capital of San Luis provincia (province), west-central Argentina. It is located on the Chorrillos River, near the southern end of the foothills of the Sierra de San Luis. Founded in 1594 by order of the governor of Chile, it was abandoned during wars with the Araucanian Indians.

San Luis Obispo, city, seat (1850) of San Luis Obispo county, western California, U.S. It lies on San Luis Obispo Creek at the base of the Santa Lucia Mountains, 20 miles (30 km) east of the Pacific Ocean and 80 miles (130 km) northwest of the city of Santa Barbara. It grew up as a farming centre

San Luis Potosí, estado (state), northeastern Mexico. It is bounded by the states of Coahuila to the north; Nuevo León, Tamaulipas, and Veracruz to the east; Hidalgo, Querétaro, and Guanajuato to the south; and Jalisco and Zacatecas to the west. The capital, the city of San Luis Potosí, is located

San Luis Potosí, city, capital of San Luis Potosí estado (state), northeastern Mexico. It is situated on the Mesa Central at an elevation of 6,158 feet (1,877 meters) above sea level, giving it a temperate climate. Founded as a Franciscan mission in 1583 and made a city in 1658, San Luis Potosí was

San Luis Potosí: …city is the site of Autonomous University of San Luis Potosí (1826; present status 1923). It is on major highway and railroad routes and has an international airport. Pop. (2010) 722,772; metro. area, 1,040,443; (2020) 845,941; metro. area, 1,271,366.

Mexico: Precursors of revolution: …day of his escape, the Plan of San Luis Potosí, which proclaimed the principles of “effective suffrage, no reelection.” Madero declared that Díaz was illegally president of Mexico. Designating Sunday, November 20, as the day when citizens should take up arms against the Díaz government, Madero promised that a successful…

San Luis, city, northwestern Sonora estado (state), northwestern Mexico. It lies on the Mexico-U.S. border south of Yuma, Arizona, and just east of the Colorado River. The city grew prosperous as a port of entry and as the commercial and manufacturing centre of a large, irrigated agricultural area,

Spanish literature: Novels and essays: …final spiritual position—Kierkegaardian existentialism—revealed in San Manuel Bueno, mártir (1933; “San Manuel Bueno, Martyr”). Unamuno was an influential journalist and an unsuccessful but powerful dramatist who also ranks among Spain’s greatest 20th-century poets.

San Marco Basilica, church in Venice that was begun in its original form in 829 (consecrated in 832) as an ecclesiastical structure to house and honour the remains of St. Mark that had been brought from Alexandria. St. Mark thereupon replaced St. Theodore as the patron saint of Venice, and his

Tintoretto: Career: …and literary men with his San Marco Freeing the Slave (also called Miracle of the Slave). A letter from Aretino, full of praise yet also intended to temper Tintoretto’s youthful exuberance, confirmed the fame of the 30-year-old painter. Relations between Tintoretto and Aretino did not come to an end at…

Venice: Trade guild buildings: …architectural decoration, as at the Great School of San Marco (founded c. 1260, rebuilt after a fire 1487–95; now a hospital), with its trompe l’oeil marble panels. The painted panels and ceilings of the Great School of San Rocco (instituted 1478, completed 1560) are masterpieces by Tintoretto. The School of…

Venice: The Piazza San Marco: Before the five arched portals of the basilica lies the Piazza San Marco, a vast paved and arcaded square. Napoleon called the piazza the finest drawing room in Europe. The northern and southern wings of the square are formed by two official…

Fra Angelico: Years at the priory of San Marco: …1439, when he entered the priory of San Marco in Florence. There he worked mostly on frescoes. San Marco had been transferred from the Sylvestrine monks to the Dominicans in 1436, and the rebuilding of the church and its spacious priory began about 1438, from designs by the Florentine architect…

San Marcos, city, seat (1848) of Hays county, south-central Texas, U.S. The city lies on the San Marcos River, 30 miles (50 km) southwest of Austin. Franciscan missionaries probably first saw the river on St. Mark’s Day in 1709. The original Spanish settlement, Villa de San Marcos de Neve,

San Marcos, city, southwestern Guatemala, in the Sierra Madre de Chiapas at an elevation of 7,700 feet (2,350 metres) above sea level. A long-standing boundary feud with San Pedro Sacatepéquez, 1.5 miles (2 km) to the east, was settled by joining the towns by a broad, tree-lined boulevard. The

bridge: Tacoma Narrows: …Norman Sollenberger to design the San Marcos Bridge (1951) in El Salvador with inclined suspenders, thus forming a cable truss between cables and deck—the first of its kind.

Arica, city, northern Chile. It lies along the Pacific coast, at the foot of El Morro (a precipitous headland), and is fringed on its southern edge by sand dunes of the rainless Atacama Desert. Arica is situated near the Peruvian border and is the northernmost Chilean seaport. Founded as Villa de

Castillo de San Marcos National Monument, site of the oldest masonry fort in the United States, built by the Spaniards on Matanzas Bay between 1672 and 1695 to protect the city of St. Augustine, in northeastern Florida. Established as Fort Marion National Monument in 1924, it was renamed in 1942.

Main National University of San Marcos of Lima, coeducational state-financed institution of higher learning situated at Lima, the capital of Peru. The university, the oldest in South America, was founded in 1551 by royal decree and confirmed by a papal bull of 1571. At the time the Peruvian

San Marino, small, landlocked republic situated on the slopes of Mount Titano, on the Adriatic side of central Italy between the Emilia-Romagna and Marche regions and surrounded on all sides by the republic of Italy. It is the smallest independent state in Europe after Vatican City and Monaco and,

San Marino, city, capital of San Marino. It is located near the centre of the country and set high on the western slopes of Mount Titano. In 2008 the mountain and the historic centre of the city were together named a UNESCO World Heritage site. According to tradition, the country of San Marino was

San Marino, residential city, Los Angeles county, southern California, U.S. The affluent city lies southeast of Pasadena. In 1903 the American railroad magnate Henry E. Huntington purchased the San Marino Ranch and founded the community. His estate, deeded to the public, includes the Huntington

horizontally divided white-blue national flag; when displayed by the government, it incorporates a central coat of arms. The flag has a width-to-length ratio of approximately 3 to 4.At the peak of Mount Titano in the Italian Apennines are three towers (Guaita, Cesta, and Montale) in the

history of San Marino, a survey of important events and people in the history of San Marino from ancient times to the present. The Republic of San Marino traces its origin to the early 4th century ce when, according to tradition, St. Marinus and a group of Christians settled there to escape

General San Martín: …years later the county of San Martín (named for the Argentine liberator) was created. In 1911 General San Martín town was given official city status, and since then it has grown into a major industrial centre, processing and manufacturing linseed oil, textiles, dairy products, frozen meat, cigarettes, liquor, and a…

General San Martín, cabecera (county seat) and partido (county) of Gran (Greater) Buenos Aires, eastern Argentina. It lies immediately northwest of the city of Buenos Aires, in Buenos Aires provincia (province). The county seat and county began as an early rural settlement centred on the

Toledo: …northwest is the bridge of San Martín, dating from the late 13th century. Parts of the walls of Toledo are of Visigothic origin, although most are Moorish or Christian. There are well-preserved gateways from various periods, including the Puerta Vieja de Bisagra (10th century), traditionally used by Alfonso VI in…

San Martín de Porres, distrito (district), in the Lima-Callao metropolitan area, Peru. It lies on the north bank of the Rímac River. Among the oldest and best developed of Lima’s pueblos jóvenes (young towns), San Martín de Porres is primarily a working-class residential area. It contains numerous

San Martín del Rey Aurelio, municipio (municipality), in Asturias provincia (province) and comunidad autónoma (autonomous community), northwestern Spain. It lies in the mountains known as the Cordillera Cantábrica, just southeast of Oviedo city. The municipality takes its name from the tomb of

Antarctic Peninsula, peninsula claimed by the United Kingdom, Chile, and Argentina. It forms an 800-mile (1,300-km) northward extension of Antarctica toward the southern tip of South America. The peninsula is ice-covered and mountainous, the highest point being Mount Jackson at 10,446 feet (3,184

José de San Martín was an Argentine soldier, statesman, and national hero who helped lead the revolutions against Spanish rule in Argentina (1812), Chile (1818), and Peru (1821). San Martín’s father, Juan de San Martín, a Spanish professional soldier, was administrator of Yapeyú, formerly a Jesuit

Juan Zorrilla de San Martín was a Uruguayan poet famous for a long historical verse epic, Tabaré (1886; final edition after several revisions, 1926), a poem in six cantos, based upon a legend of the love between a Spanish girl and an Indian boy. Zorrilla de San Martín was educated in various Jesuit

Giovanni Battista Sammartini was an Italian composer who was an important formative influence on the pre-Classical symphony and thus on the Classical style later developed by Joseph Haydn and Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. The son of Alexis Saint-Martin, a French oboist, he spent most of his life in

Giuseppe Sammartini was an oboist and composer prominent in England in the first half of the 18th century and brother of Giovanni Battista Sammartini. Giuseppe wrote an aria and sinfonia (both lost) for La Calumnia Delusa, which was performed in Milan in 1724. In about 1728 he went to London, where

Monreale: …Monreale, in the village of San Martino delle Scale, is the famous Benedictine abbey of San Martino, founded by Pope St. Gregory I the Great in the 6th century, restored in 1346, and extended in 1770. Its church dates from the 16th century.

Lucca: Particularly notable are the Cathedral of San Martino (probably founded in the 6th century; rebuilt 1060–70; completed 13th–14th century); San Frediano (rebuilt 1112–47), retaining traces of an 8th-century structure; San Michele in Foro (begun 1143); and Santa Maria Forisportam, begun in the 13th century. Lucca is noted for its…

San Mateo, city, San Mateo county, western California, U.S. It lies on the western shore of San Francisco Bay, 16 miles (26 km) south of the city of San Francisco. Sheltered by hills from ocean wind and fog, San Mateo enjoys a mild maritime climate. The area was first inhabited by Ohlone Indians. A

Osorno, city, southern Chile, lying at the junction of the Damas and Rahue rivers, 40 miles (64 km) inland from the Pacific coast. It was founded in 1553 under the name Santa Marina de Gaete, but this attempt failed. It was refounded in 1558 by García Hurtado de Mendoza, who named it Ciudad de San

Hayward: …the eastern terminus of the San Mateo–Hayward Bridge across San Francisco Bay. The city is named for William Hayward, a disappointed gold seeker who arrived in 1851 and opened a hotel there in 1852. The area was originally an Ohlone Indian campsite on grazing lands of Mission San José (established…

Salerno: Matthew (San Matteo), founded in 845 and rebuilt in 1076–85 by Robert Guiscard. In the crypt is the sepulchre of St. Matthew, whose body was, according to legend, brought to Salerno in the 10th century. The cathedral also contains the tomb of Pope Gregory VII.

Monte Sant’Angelo: …around the famous Santuario di S. Michele (Sanctuary of St. Michael), founded c. 490 over a cave in which the archangel Michael is said to have appeared to St. Laurentius Maioranus, archbishop of Sipontum. The bronze doors were made in Constantinople in 1076, and the octagonal campanile dates from 1273.…

Channel Islands: San Miguel, the westernmost of the park’s islands, is administered by the U.S. Navy. It comprises a windswept tableland with a rocky coast, and its climate is often rainy and foggy. Santa Rosa Island is leased by its former owners for game hunting; the remains…

San Miguel, partido (county), Gran (Greater) Buenos Aires, Argentina. It is situated northwest of the city of Buenos Aires, in Buenos Aires provincia (province). The early settlement of the area centred on the agricultural plantation of San Jose del Pilar, founded by Adolfo Sourdeaux in 1862. Ten

San Miguel, county, north-central New Mexico, U.S. The northwestern portion of the county lies at the southern end of the Sangre de Cristo range of the Southern Rocky Mountains, with Hermit Peak (10,263 feet [3,128 metres]) and Elk Mountain (11,661 feet [3,554 metres]) its highest summits. The

San Miguel, city, east-central El Salvador, at the foot of San Miguel and Chinameca volcanoes. Founded in 1530 by Spanish settlers near the west bank of the Río Grande de San Miguel, the city was badly damaged by a severe earthquake in 1917. It was rebuilt and has become one of the largest cities

Manila: City layout: The district of San Miguel is the site of Malacañang Palace, the presidential residence; and several universities are located in Sampaloc, on the northeastern edge of the city. Adjacent to the heavily populated districts on the northern shore is Manila North Harbor; Manila South Harbor, the main international…

El Salvador: Relief: … (6,430 feet [1,960 meters]) and San Miguel (6,988 feet [2,130 meters]), to that of Conchagua (4,078 feet [1,243 meters]) in the extreme east. These volcanoes are separated by a series of basins (commonly referred to as El Salvador’s central plain), lying at elevations of between 3,500 and 5,000 feet (1,000…

San Miguel de Allende, city, east-central Guanajuato estado (state), north-central Mexico. It lies on the Mexican Plateau on a small tributary of the Laja River, at 6,135 feet (1,870 meters) above sea level, 32 miles (52 km) by highway north of Celaya. The first Spanish settlement in Guanajuato, it

Lucas Vázquez de Ayllón: …to found a settlement called San Miguel de Guadalupe, probably at the mouth of the Pee Dee River (Winyah Bay), in South Carolina. (Little credence can be given to the claim that the settlement was made at Jamestown, Va., 81 years before the English arrived there.) The colony was abandoned…

La Palma, island, Santa Cruz de Tenerife provincia (province), in the comunidad autónoma (autonomous community) of the Canary Islands of Spain, in the North Atlantic Ocean off the northwestern coast of Africa. The economy of La Palma revolves around irrigation-based farming. Bananas, tomatoes, and

San Miguel de Tucumán, city, capital of Tucumán provincia (province), northwestern Argentina. It lies along the Salí River, at the foot of the scenic Aconquija Mountains. It was founded in 1565 by the Spanish colonial governor Diego de Villarroel at Ibatín on the Tejar River (now Pueblo Viejo on

San Miguel del Padrón, city, west-central Cuba. It is situated 10 miles (16 km) south-southeast of central Havana and constitutes a municipality in the province-level Ciudad de la Habana (City of Havana). For many years San Miguel del Padrón was a small commercial and manufacturing centre in a

Vasco Núñez de Balboa: Sighting of the Pacific: …shore, where he explored the Gulf of San Miguel (1517–18). Meantime, the stream of charges of misconduct and incapacity levelled against Pedrarias by Balboa and others had finally convinced the crown of Pedrarias’s unfitness to govern; news arrived in Darién of his imminent replacement by a new governor who would…

San Miniato al Monte, three-aisled basilican church in Florence completed in 1062. It is considered one of the finest examples of the Tuscan Romanesque style of architecture. The black and white marble panels used to ornament both the interior and the exterior, as well as the painted timber truss

San Miniato al Monte, three-aisled basilican church in Florence completed in 1062. It is considered one of the finest examples of the Tuscan Romanesque style of architecture. The black and white marble panels used to ornament both the interior and the exterior, as well as the painted timber truss

Saint Moritz, town, or Gemeinde (commune), Graubünden canton, southeastern Switzerland. Saint Moritz lies in the Oberengadin (Upper Inn Valley) and is surrounded by magnificent Alpine peaks. The town consists of the Dorf (village), the Bad (spa), and the hamlets of Suvretta and Champfèr. Originally

Western architecture: Second period, after 313 ce: …the Holy Apostles, the present San Nazaro Maggiore (begun in 382), is cruciform in plan with an apse in the east, built in imitation of the church of the same name at Constantinople. At Cologne, the oval plan of St. Gereon (built about 380) is enriched by eight smaller apses…

Bari: …extended; and the Basilica of San Nicola, founded in 1087 to house the relics of St. Nicholas, the patron saint of Bari. The seat of an archbishop and of a university (founded 1924), the city has a provincial picture gallery and archaeological museum. The annual Fiera del Levante, an Occidental-Oriental…

San Nicolas, town, southeastern end of the island of Aruba, West Indies, in the southern Caribbean Sea. Its deepwater port, with facilities for cargo handling and fuel bunkering, serves a nearby oil refinery. Near San Nicolas is the coastal village of Sabaneta, which, under the name

San Nicolás de los Arroyos, city and port, northern Buenos Aires provincia (province), eastern Argentina. It is located on the western bank of the Paraná River. It was founded in 1748 as San Nicolás de Bari y de los Arroyos by Don Rafael Aguiar and was declared a city in 1819. The Pact of San

San Nicolás de los Arroyos, city and port, northern Buenos Aires provincia (province), eastern Argentina. It is located on the western bank of the Paraná River. It was founded in 1748 as San Nicolás de Bari y de los Arroyos by Don Rafael Aguiar and was declared a city in 1819. The Pact of San

Vasco de Quiroga: …humanist educator who founded the Colegio de San Nicolás Obisbo in colonial Mexico.

unitario: …the provincial governors signed the Pact of San Nicolás (at San Nicolás de los Arroyos, in Buenos Aires province), by which the federal agreement of 1831 between Argentina and the littoral provinces was reinstated and a call for a constitutional convention was issued. Gen. Justo José de Urquiza, who had…

Gabrielino: …apparently related, group was the Nicolino (Nicoleño, or San Nicolinos), who inhabited San Nicolas Island.

tsuzumi: … drums, of which only the san no tsuzumi form survives in komagaku style (courtly music of Japanese, Korean, and other non-Chinese, non-Indian ancestry). The tsuzumi is related to the Korean changgo, a large hourglass-shaped, two-headed drum.

Saṃvara, in northern Buddhism, a fierce protective deity. Like Heruka and Hevajra, he is an emanation of the Buddha Akṣobhya and wears a figure of that god in his headdress. Saṃvara is widely worshiped as a yi-dam (tutelary, or guardian, deity) in Tibet and China and is said to be incarnated in

San Pablo, city, southwestern Luzon, north-central Philippines, about 10 miles (16 km) southeast of Los Baños. Seven small crater lakes are within the city, which is almost surrounded by quiescent volcanic cones. Originally the site of a Spanish military and missionary post, it was incorporated in

Lake Iseo: The islet of San Paolo, south of Monte Isola, is occupied by the buildings of a small disused Franciscan convent, and that of Loreto, north, has a ruined chapel containing frescoes.

Rome: San Paolo Fuori le Mura: San Paolo Fuori le Mura (St. Paul Outside the Walls), a basilica built by Constantine over the grave of St. Paul, the Apostle, was replaced starting in 386 by a structure mammoth for its time. It was faithfully restored after…

Escondido: Just southeast of the city, San Pasqual Battlefield State Historic Park marks the site of the bloodiest battle (1846) in California history, when the Californian forces of General Andrés Pico met U.S. Army troops under Brigadier General Stephen W. Kearny. Also southeast of the city is San Diego Wild Animal…

San Pedro, city, southwestern Coahuila estado (state), northeastern Mexico. It is located on one of the irrigation canals of the Nazas River, near the swampy Mayrán Lagoon. San Pedro lies 3,619 feet (1,103 metres) above sea level and is located 35 miles (60 km) by highway northeast of Torreón. In

San Pedro, town, central Paraguay. It lies in the lowlands between the Jejui Guazú and Paraguay rivers. San Pedro was founded in 1786 and lies in a well-watered lowland of savanna and forest whose streams drain westward into the Paraguay River. It is the commercial and manufacturing centre for this

San Pedro, main unit of the Port of Los Angeles (the other units are Wilmington and Terminal Island), southern California, U.S. The port is situated on the southeastern slopes of Palos Verdes Peninsula, overlooking Los Angeles Harbor (a section of San Pedro Bay) from the west. San Pedro’s recorded

Teruel: …of the Gothic church of San Pedro were buried the celebrated “Lovers of Teruel,” Diego Juan Martínez de Marcilla and Isabel de Segura (13th century). Their story is the subject of works by Tirso de Molina (real name Gabriel Téllez), Juan Pérez de Montalbán, Juan Eugenio Hartzenbusch, and—in an Italian…

Durazno, city, central Uruguay, on the Yi River. Long part of an unclaimed area between Spanish and Portuguese territories, Durazno was not formally founded until 1821, when José Fructuoso Rivera established a settlement called San Pedro de Durazno, a name concocted from Dom Pedro de Alcântara,

San Pedro, city, southwestern Coahuila estado (state), northeastern Mexico. It is located on one of the irrigation canals of the Nazas River, near the swampy Mayrán Lagoon. San Pedro lies 3,619 feet (1,103 metres) above sea level and is located 35 miles (60 km) by highway northeast of Torreón. In

San Pedro de Macorís, city, southeastern Dominican Republic. It is situated at the mouth of the wide estuary of the Macorís River. The chief city of the southeastern region, San Pedro de Macorís has an economy centred on the production of sugar. Its modern port handles much of the country’s

Baja California: The granitic Juárez and San Pedro Mártir mountains, the latter rising to 10,154 feet (3,095 metres) above sea level, form the divide in the north, with lower parallel ranges much interrupted by erosion along both coasts. The centre of the peninsula is dominated by volcanoes and vast lava flows…

San Pedro Sula, city, northwestern Honduras. It is situated in the Ulúa River valley, 37 miles (60 km) inland by highway and railroad from Puerto Cortés, on the Gulf of Honduras. The city, founded in 1536, has been almost completely rebuilt. It is the centre of an important agricultural area that

Tlaquepaque, city, north-central Jalisco estado (state), west-central Mexico. Formerly known as San Pedro Tlaquepaque, the city lies in the temperate Guadalajara valley, approximately 5,400 feet (1,650 metres) above sea level. A suburb of Guadalajara, the state capital, 7 miles (11 km) southeast,

Usumacinta River: …state; the central arm, called San Pedro y San Pablo, flows into the bay at the town of San Pedro; and the eastern arm, the Palizada, empties into the Términos Lagoon in Campeche state. The total length of the main channel, including the Chixoy, is approximately 600 miles (1,000 km).…

Bernardo Bitti: …for the Jesuits’ college and Church of San Pedro in Lima. In Lima and elsewhere in Peru, Bitti frequently collaborated with Pedro de Vargas, also a Jesuit. Together they produced the sculptural support for many retablos. Among Bitti’s works for the Church of San Pedro is the Coronation of the…