Saturn, second largest planet of the solar system in mass and size and the sixth nearest planet in distance to the Sun. In the night sky Saturn is easily visible to the unaided eye as a non-twinkling point of light. When viewed through even a small telescope, the planet encircled by its magnificent

materials science: Aluminum: …average automobile, and General Motors’ Saturn, with an aluminum engine block and cylinder heads. These vehicles and others took their place alongside the British Land Rover, which was built with all-aluminum body panels beginning in 1948—a choice dictated by a shortage of steel during World War II and continued by…

Ambrosius Theodosius Macrobius: …most important work is the Saturnalia, the last known example of the long series of symposia headed by the Symposium of Plato.

Saturnalia, the most popular of Roman festivals. Dedicated to the Roman god Saturn, the festival’s influence continues to be felt throughout the Western world. Originally celebrated on December 17, Saturnalia was extended first to three and eventually to seven days. The date has been connected with

saturniid moth: Major species: …heavily scaled wings of the emperor moth (Saturnia pavonia), which occurs in temperate regions of Europe and Asia, are marked by transparent eyespots, which presumably serve a protective function in frightening predators. Larval forms feed on shrubs.

caterpillar: Caterpillars of the giant peacock moth (Saturnia pyri) send out ultrasonic warning chirps to deter predators. In some cases, those chirps occur just prior to or in conjunction with the release of pungent chemical deterrents. The masked birch caterpillar (Drepana arcuata) produces vibratory signals in order to defend…

Saturnian verse, the ancient Latin verse used mainly by Livius Andronicus and Gnaeus Naevius before the adoption of Greek verse forms by later Latin writers. Little is known about its origins or whether its rhythm was accentual or

Saturnian verse, the ancient Latin verse used mainly by Livius Andronicus and Gnaeus Naevius before the adoption of Greek verse forms by later Latin writers. Little is known about its origins or whether its rhythm was accentual or

saturniid moth, (family Saturniidae), family of about 1,500 species of moths, some of which spin thick, silken cocoons and are sometimes used to produce commercial silk. (Read Britannica’s essay “What’s the Differerence between Moths and Butterflies?”) Adults have stout, hairy bodies and broad

saturniid moth, (family Saturniidae), family of about 1,500 species of moths, some of which spin thick, silken cocoons and are sometimes used to produce commercial silk. (Read Britannica’s essay “What’s the Differerence between Moths and Butterflies?”) Adults have stout, hairy bodies and broad

Titus Andronicus: The late emperor’s son Saturninus is supposed to marry Titus’s daughter Lavinia; however, when his brother Bassianus runs away with her instead, Saturninus marries Tamora. Saturninus and Tamora then plot revenge against Titus. Lavinia is raped and mutilated by Tamora’s sadistic sons Demetrius and Chiron, who cut off her…

gnosticism: Adversus haereses: …those of Simon Magus, Menander, Satornil (or Saturninus) of Antioch, Basilides, Carpocrates, Marcellina, Cerinthus, Cerdo, Marcion of Sinope, Tatian, and the Ebionites.

Domitian: Domitian’s reign of terror and assassination: …came with the revolt of Antonius Saturninus, governor of Upper Germany, on January 1, 89. This was suppressed by the Lower German army, but a number of executions followed, and the law of majestas (treason) was later employed freely against senators. The years 93–96 were regarded as a period of…

Lucius Appuleius Saturninus was a Roman politician who, with Gaius Servilius Glaucia, opposed the Roman Senate from 103 to 100, at first with the cooperation of the prominent general Gaius Marius. Saturninus turned against the leaders of the Senate when, while serving as quaestor (financial

India: Gandhi’s strategy: He chose satya (“truth”) and ahimsa (nonviolence, or love) as the polar stars of his political movement; the former was the ancient Vedic concept of the real, embodying the very essence of existence itself, while the latter, according to Hindu (as well as Jain) scripture, was the…

Salatiga: The Satya Wacana Christian University, originally founded as a private Christian teacher-training college in 1956, is located there. Kopeng, a hill resort (4,593 feet [1,400 metres]), is about 9 miles (14 km) to the south of Salatiga. Pop. (2010) 170,332.

kuchipudi: …Bhama Kalapam, a story of Satyabhāma, the charming but jealous wife of the god Krishna. The dance performance begins with the sprinkling of holy water and the burning of incense. Other rituals are performed, the goddesses of learning, wealth, and energy are invoked, and the characters are introduced, together with…

satyagraha, concept introduced in the early 20th century by Mahatma Gandhi to designate a determined but nonviolent resistance to evil. Gandhi’s satyagraha became a major tool in the Indian struggle against British imperialism and has since been adopted by protest groups in other countries.

Philip Glass: Glass’s opera Satyagraha (1980) was a more authentically “operatic” portrayal of incidents from the early life of Mohandas K. Gandhi. In this work, the dronelike repetition of symmetrical sequences of chords attained a haunting and hypnotic power well attuned to the religio-spiritual themes of the libretto, adapted…

Lata Mangeshkar: Career: (1949; “Palace”), Barsaat (1949; “Rain”), Satyam Shivam Sundaram (1978; “Truth God Beauty”), and Maine Pyar Kiya (1989; “I Have Loved”). Notable among her concert performances was her soulful rendition of Kavi Pradeep and C. Ramachandra’s patriotic song “Ae Mere Watan Ke Logo” in 1963, which moved Indian Prime Minister Jawaharlal…

Rajasthan: History of Rajasthan: Udaipur, Dayananda Sarasvati wrote his Satyarth Prakash (“The Light of Truth”); intended to restore Hinduism to its pristine purity, the work created a ferment in Rajputana. Important movements of thought also occurred among the Jain sadhus (holy men) and scholars. Ajmer was the centre of political activity, and nationalist leaders…

Kailash Satyarthi is an Indian social reformer who campaigned against child labor in India and elsewhere and advocated the universal right to education. In 2014 he was the corecipient of the Nobel Peace Prize, along with teenage Pakistani education advocate Malala Yousafzai, “for their struggle

pantheism: Buddhist doctrines: …as well as to the Satyasiddhi (“perfect attainment of truth”) group in Theravada Buddhism. Since the Void is also called the highest synthesis of all oppositions, the doctrine of the Void may be viewed as an instance of identity of opposites pantheism.

Satyasiddhi-śāstra, (Sanskrit: True Attainment Treatise), treatise in 202 chapters on the doctrine of the void (śūnya). The work stands as a philosophical bridge between Hīnayāna, or Theravāda, Buddhism, the form predominant in Sri Lanka (Ceylon) and Southeast Asia, and Mahāyāna Buddhism, the

Satyasiddhi-śāstra, (Sanskrit: True Attainment Treatise), treatise in 202 chapters on the doctrine of the void (śūnya). The work stands as a philosophical bridge between Hīnayāna, or Theravāda, Buddhism, the form predominant in Sri Lanka (Ceylon) and Southeast Asia, and Mahāyāna Buddhism, the

Vyasa: and the dasyu (aboriginal) princess Satyavati and grew up in forests, living with hermits who taught him the Vedas (ancient sacred literature of India). Thereafter he lived in the forests near the banks of the river Sarasvati, becoming a teacher and a priest, fathering a son and disciple, Shuka, and…

satire: Literature: …all of humanity, as in Satyr Against Mankind (1675), by John Wilmot, 2nd earl of Rochester, from Erasmus’s attack on corruptions in the church to Jonathan Swift’s excoriation of all civilized institutions in Gulliver’s Travels. Its forms within the Western literary tradition are as varied as its victims: from an…

Sir Richard Blackmore: …also treated in his verse Satyr Against Wit (1700). These and other writings in prose provoked retorts from Alexander Pope and his friends and earned Blackmore his reputation as “father of the Bathos, and indeed the Homer of it.”

Satyr and Silenus, in Greek mythology, creatures of the wild, part man and part beast, who in Classical times were closely associated with the god Dionysus. Their Italian counterparts were the Fauns (see Faunus). Satyrs and Sileni were at first represented as uncouth men, each with a horse’s tail

satyr butterfly, (subfamily Satyrinae), any of a group of delicate butterflies in the family Nymphalidae (order Lepidoptera) that are abundant during summer months in the woods and grasslands of the United States and Europe. The adults are dull brown or grey, while the larvae possess small, forked

satyr play, genre of ancient Greek drama that preserves the structure and characters of tragedy while adopting a happy atmosphere and a rural background. The satyr play can be considered the reversal of Attic tragedy, a kind of “joking tragedy.” The actors play mythical heroes engaged in action

Florent Chrestien: …of the authors of the Satyre Ménippée, the famous pasquinade in the interest of his old pupil Henry IV, in which the harangue put into the mouth of Cardinal de Pelvé is usually attributed to Chrestien.

Sir David Lyndsay: Lyndsay’s Ane Satyre of the Thrie Estaits is the only surviving complete Scottish morality play. Originally entitled “the mysdemeanours of Busshops Religious persones and preists within the Realme” (1540), it was enlarged with coarse comedy and performed in 1552 at Cupar, Fife, and again on the…

Victor Hugo: Exile (1851–70) of Victor Hugo: …is the theme of “Le Satyre”; and “Plein Ciel” proclaims, through utopian prediction of men’s conquest of the air, the poet’s conviction of indefinite progress toward the final unity of science with moral awareness.

Federico Fellini: Major works: …Petronius Arbiter and Lucius Apuleius, Fellini Satyricon (1969), promoted with the slogan “Before Christ. After Fellini,” actually celebrated the hippie movement, which he first encountered in the United States. Two aimless young bisexual men wander a morally and physically decaying world of casual decadence, rendered in the gaudy colours that…

Satyricon, (1st century ad), comic, picaresque novel attributed to Petronius

Satyricon, (1st century ad), comic, picaresque novel attributed to Petronius

satyr butterfly, (subfamily Satyrinae), any of a group of delicate butterflies in the family Nymphalidae (order Lepidoptera) that are abundant during summer months in the woods and grasslands of the United States and Europe. The adults are dull brown or grey, while the larvae possess small, forked

Hugh McCrae: His first book of verse, Satyrs and Sunlight: Sylvarum Libri (1909), appeared in a revised edition in 1928, which contains much of his best work. Colombine (1920) was followed by Idyllia (1922). Other works include The Mimshi Maiden (1938), Poems (1939), Forests of Pan (1944), and Voice of the Forest…

John Oldham: The four Satyrs upon the Jesuits (1681), including “Garnet’s Ghost,” previously published as a broadsheet in 1679, met with considerable contemporary success and constitute his most widely known work. They are forceful but melodramatic, crowded with coarse images and uneven versification, an attempt to imitate the invective…

Krzysztof Opaliński: …literature as the author of Satyry albo przestrogi do naprawy rządu i obyczajów w Polszcze należące (1650; “Satires or Warnings on the Reform of the Government and Customs in Poland”). In this work, which was widely read in Poland during the 17th century, Opaliński attacked the injustice and abuses of…

Sava River, river in the western Balkans. Its basin, 36,960 square miles (95,720 square km) in area, covers much of Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia, and northern Serbia. It rises in the Triglav group of the Julian Alps as two rivers, the Sava Bohinjka and the Sava Dolinka, which join at Radovljica. It

Katherine Siva Saubel was a Native American scholar and educator committed to preserving her Cahuilla culture and language and to promoting their fuller understanding by the larger public. Reared on the Palm Springs Reservation in California, Katherine Siva was taught by her parents from an early

sauce, liquid or semiliquid mixture that is added to a food as it cooks or that is served with it. Sauces provide flavour, moisture, and a contrast in texture and colour. They may also serve as a medium in which food is contained, for example, the velouté sauce of creamed chicken. Seasoning liquids

aioli, sauce consisting primarily of garlic and olive oil. Aioli is a characteristic sauce of the French region of Provence, although it is widely used in neighbouring Spain and Italy as well. The Roman historian Pliny the Elder first recorded its use in Catalonia, where today it is called allioli,

mayonnaise: …verte (with puréed green herbs), sauce rémoulade (with anchovies, pickles, and capers), sauce aïoli (a Provençal mayonnaise flavoured with a great deal of garlic), and salad dressings such as Thousand Island and Russian dressings.

sauceboat, metal or pottery bowl with a lip and handle, used for holding and serving sauces. The earliest type of silver sauceboat, introduced during the second decade of the 18th century, had a protuberant lip at either end, two central scroll handles, and a molded base. By the 1740s the

lamp: …Egypt and China, was the saucer lamp. Made of pottery or bronze, it was sometimes provided with a spike in the centre of the declivity to support the wick, which was used to control the rate of burning. Another version had a wick channel, which allowed the burning surface of…

Magnoliales: Magnoliaceae: …is Magnolia × soulangeana (saucer magnolia), a spreading deciduous shrub with leaves that measure up to 15–20 cm (6–8 inches) long. Its flowers appear in early spring before the leaves, and this flowering continues after the leaves have developed. The flowers are typically white at their tips, with dark…

David Gilmour: Pink Floyd years: …starting with the 1968 album A Saucerful of Secrets, although Barrett wrote one song on that record.

Saucesian Stage, lowermost and oldest major division of Early Miocene rocks and time (23.7 to 16.6 million years ago) on the Pacific coast of North America. The Saucesian Stage, which preceded the Relizian Stage, was named for exposures studied at Los Sauces Creek, California. Three zones, or

Fritz Sauckel was a Nazi politician who was Adolf Hitler’s chief recruiter of slave labour during World War II. While Sauckel was serving as a seaman during World War I, his ship was captured by the British, and he spent the remainder of the war as a prisoner in France. He joined the Nazi Party in

clay mineral: Smectite: Zinc dominant species are called sauconite. There are other types of trioctahedral smectites in which the net charge deficiency arises largely from the imbalanced charge due to ionic substitution or a small number of cation vacancies in the octahedral sheets or both conditions. Ideally x is zero, but most often…

Louis III: Louis’s victory at Saucourt (the memory of which was preserved in the chanson de geste called Gormont et Isembart) inflicted heavy losses on the Vikings, but the able and energetic king, not yet 20, died in the following year.

Saud dynasty, rulers of Saudi Arabia. The dynasty, founded by Muhammad ibn Saud in the 18th century, takes its name from his father, Saud ibn Muhammad ibn Muqrin, who ruled the town of Al-Dirʿiyyah (near what is now Riyadh) from 1720 to 1725. What follows is a brief history of the Saud dynasty. For

Saud of Saudi Arabia was the son of Ibn Saud and his successor as king of Saudi Arabia from 1953 to 1964. After Ibn Saud conquered (1925) the Hejaz, a district in the Arabian Peninsula, he made his two eldest sons, Saud and Faisal, his deputies in Najd and Hejaz, respectively. Saud’s primary

Saud of Saudi Arabia was the son of Ibn Saud and his successor as king of Saudi Arabia from 1953 to 1964. After Ibn Saud conquered (1925) the Hejaz, a district in the Arabian Peninsula, he made his two eldest sons, Saud and Faisal, his deputies in Najd and Hejaz, respectively. Saud’s primary

Saud of Saudi Arabia was the son of Ibn Saud and his successor as king of Saudi Arabia from 1953 to 1964. After Ibn Saud conquered (1925) the Hejaz, a district in the Arabian Peninsula, he made his two eldest sons, Saud and Faisal, his deputies in Najd and Hejaz, respectively. Saud’s primary

McCoy Tyner was an American jazz pianist, bandleader, and composer, noted for his technical virtuosity and dazzling improvisations. Tyner began performing with local jazz ensembles while in his mid-teens. He met saxophonist John Coltrane in 1955 and, after a brief stint (1959) with a group led by

Sultan ibn Salman Al Saud is an astronaut who was the first Saudi Arabian citizen, the first Arab, the first Muslim, and the first member of a royal family to travel into space. Educated in the United States, Sultan received a degree in mass communications from the University of Denver (Colorado)

saudade, (Portuguese: “yearning”), overtone of melancholy and brooding loneliness and an almost mystical reverence for nature that permeates Portuguese and Brazilian lyric poetry. Saudade was a characteristic of the earliest Portuguese folk poetry and has been cultivated by sophisticated writers of

polytonality: …the left, while Darius Milhaud’s Saudades do Brasil combines a melody in C with an accompaniment in A♭ major. Such combinations of tonalities may be reviewed as 20th-century extensions of diatonic harmonic practices, following logically from post-Wagnerian chromaticism.

Dilip Kumar: Later career: (1982; “Creator”), Karma (1986), and Saudagar (1991; “Merchant”). He was also noted for his performance in Ramesh Sippy’s Shakti (1982; “Strength”). Kumar’s last film was the family drama Qila (1998; “Fort”).

Saudi Arabia, arid, sparsely populated kingdom of the Middle East that in the 20th century became one of the world’s largest oil-producing countries in terms of output. It is ruled by the Saud family, which in the 18th century entered an alliance with the austere and conservative Wahhābī Islamic

national flag consisting of a green field (background) bearing, in white, an Arabic inscription and a sabre. The flag has a width-to-length ratio of 2 to 3.When Muhammad began his proselytizing on behalf of Islam, there were no national flags in the modern sense, but in later years various flags

Saudi Arabia: History: This discussion focuses on Saudi Arabia since the 18th century. For a treatment of earlier periods and of the country in its regional context, see Arabia.

Saudi Arabia: Finance: The Saudi Arabian Monetary Agency (SAMA) was established in 1952 as the kingdom’s central money and banking authority. It regulates commercial and development banks and other financial institutions. Its functions include issuing, regulating, and stabilizing the value of the national currency, the riyal; acting as banker…

Saudi Aramco, Oil company founded by the Standard Oil Co. of California (Chevron) in 1933, when the government of Saudi Arabia granted it a concession. Other U.S. companies joined after oil was found near Dhahran in 1938. In 1950 Aramco opened a pipeline from Saudi Arabia to the Mediterranean Sea

Saudi Aramco, Oil company founded by the Standard Oil Co. of California (Chevron) in 1933, when the government of Saudi Arabia granted it a concession. Other U.S. companies joined after oil was found near Dhahran in 1938. In 1950 Aramco opened a pipeline from Saudi Arabia to the Mediterranean Sea

Jubail: …Mineral Organization (PETROMIN) and the Saudi Basic Industries Corporation (SABIC), is composed of some 16 primary industries. These industries include factories producing steel, gasoline, diesel fuel, petrochemicals, lubricating oil, and chemical fertilizers. In addition to these plants, secondary and support industries were provided for. The entire industrial zone covers about…

Abrāj al-Bayt: Designed and constructed by the Saudi Binladin Group, along with a number of other Saudi and international firms, the entire project was reported to have cost $3 billion.

Sultan ibn Salman Al Saud: …the first secretary-general of the Supreme Tourism Commission in Saudi Arabia when the organization was formed in 2000. In this position, he worked to expand and enhance the tourism sector in his country by playing a leading role in developing the country’s tourism strategy and devising the industry’s regulations. He…

Sultan ibn Salman Al Saud: …the first secretary-general of the Supreme Tourism Commission in Saudi Arabia when the organization was formed in 2000. In this position, he worked to expand and enhance the tourism sector in his country by playing a leading role in developing the country’s tourism strategy and devising the industry’s regulations. He…

gazelle: Asian gazelles: arabica; now extinct), the Saudi gazelle (G. saudiya; now extinct in the wild), the Queen of Sheba’s gazelle (G. bilkis; now extinct), and the dorcas gazelle (G. dorcas). The dorcas gazelle also ranges into North Africa. The range of the goitred gazelle extends across the Asian deserts to China,…

Arab Peace Initiative, historic proposal by Abdullah of Saudi Arabia for Arab states to recognize Israel and normalize relations with the country in exchange for an independent Palestinian state in the West Bank and the Gaza Strip. Endorsed by all 22 Arab League states during the organization’s

Sultan ibn Salman Al Saud: …become head of the new Saudi Space Commission.

saudade, (Portuguese: “yearning”), overtone of melancholy and brooding loneliness and an almost mystical reverence for nature that permeates Portuguese and Brazilian lyric poetry. Saudade was a characteristic of the earliest Portuguese folk poetry and has been cultivated by sophisticated writers of

Sûre River, river rising in the Belgian province of Luxembourg and flowing 107 miles (172 km) east and southeast into the Mosel (Moselle) River, 7 miles (11 km) southwest of Trier in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. The Sûre, which is navigable past Dekirche for about 40 miles (64 km), forms the

Carl O. Sauer was an American geographer who was an authority on desert studies, tropical areas, the human geography of American Indians, and agriculture and native crops of the New World. He obtained his Ph.D. (1915) at the University of Chicago, then taught at the University of Michigan (1915–23)

Carl O. Sauer was an American geographer who was an authority on desert studies, tropical areas, the human geography of American Indians, and agriculture and native crops of the New World. He obtained his Ph.D. (1915) at the University of Chicago, then taught at the University of Michigan (1915–23)

Christopher Sower was a German-born American printer and Pietist leader of the Pennsylvania Germans. Sower migrated with his wife and son Christopher to Germantown, Pa., in 1724. He was an artisan skilled in many crafts, was profoundly religious, and found his true career in 1738 as the first

Emil von Sauer was a German pianist in the style of Liszt, teacher, and composer noted especially for his long and successful concert career. He was a student of Nikolay Rubinstein at the Moscow Conservatory from 1879 to 1881 and of Franz Liszt in Weimar from 1884 to 1885. He made numerous concert

Emil von Sauer was a German pianist in the style of Liszt, teacher, and composer noted especially for his long and successful concert career. He was a student of Nikolay Rubinstein at the Moscow Conservatory from 1879 to 1881 and of Franz Liszt in Weimar from 1884 to 1885. He made numerous concert

sauerbraten, in German cuisine, dish of spiced braised beef. A solid cut from the round or rump is marinated for three or four days in red wine and vinegar flavoured with onions, bay leaves, juniper berries, cloves, and peppercorns. After being dried and browned, the beef is braised in the strained

history of medicine: Anesthesia and thoracic surgery: …the negative pressure cabinet of Ernst Ferdinand Sauerbruch, then at Mikulicz’s clinic at Breslau; the cabinet was first demonstrated in 1904 but was destined soon to become obsolete.

sauerkraut, fermented white cabbage, a vegetable preparation important in the cooking of central Europe. Sauerkraut is prepared by finely shredding white cabbage and layering the vegetable with salt in a large crock or wooden tub. The cabbage is covered with a weighted lid and allowed to ferment,

Sauerland, region, North Rhine-Westphalia Land (state), northwestern Germany. It is bounded on the north by the Ruhr River and its tributary, the Möhne, and on the south by the Sieg River and the Wester Forest, a mountainous area east of the Rhine. It lies to the east of the Bergisches Land

Paul Ehrlich: Early life: …last as the most important: Das Sauerstoff-Bedürfniss des Organismus (1885; “The Requirement of the Organism for Oxygen”). In it he established that oxygen consumption varies with different types of tissue and that these variations constitute a measure of the intensity of vital cell processes.

Sauganash was a Potawatomi Indian chief whose friendship with the white settlers in Chicago was important in the development of that city. Sauganash was of partly English or Irish ancestry. He was educated by Roman Catholic priests in Detroit and became fluent in French and English. He served the

Bruce Peninsula, extension of the Niagara Escarpment, southeastern Ontario, Canada. The peninsula juts northwestward for 60 miles (100 km) into Lake Huron, separating that lake from Georgian Bay. After rising abruptly from its rugged east coast to heights of 200–500 feet (60–150 m) above the lake,

sauger, North American game and food fish related to the pikeperch

Sagar, city, north-central Madhya Pradesh state, central India. It lies at an elevation of about 2,000 feet (610 metres) and is situated around a lake that is surrounded on three sides by low spurs of the Vindhya Range. Sagar was founded by Udan Singh in 1660 and was constituted a municipality in

Henri Sauguet was a French composer of orchestral, choral, and chamber music notable for its simple charm and melodic grace. While organist at a church near Bordeaux, Sauguet studied composition and, at the encouragement of Darius Milhaud, moved to Paris. There he became one of the four young Erik

Saugus, town (township), Essex county, northeastern Massachusetts, U.S. It lies on the Saugus and Pines rivers, just north of Boston. It was settled in 1629, and its name is derived from an Algonquian Indian word meaning either “extended” or “small outlet.” It was set off from Lynn in 1815. The

tunnels and underground excavations: Soft-ground moles: In 1967–70 in the 26-foot-diameter Saugus-Castaic Tunnel near Los Angeles, a mole of this type produced daily progress in clayey sandstone averaging 113 feet per day and 202 feet maximum, completing five miles of tunnel one-half year ahead of schedule. In 1968 an independently developed device of similar design also…

Mahābād, city, northwestern Iran. The city lies south of Lake Urmia in a fertile, narrow valley at an elevation of 4,272 feet (1,302 metres). There are a number of unexcavated tells, or mounds, on the plain of Mahābād in this part of the Azerbaijan region. The region was the centre of the

Sauk, an Algonquian-speaking North American Indian tribe closely related to the Fox and the Kickapoo. They lived in the region of what is now Green Bay, Wis., when first encountered by the French in 1667. In summer the Sauk lived in permanent bark-house villages near fields where women raised corn

Sauk Centre, city, Stearns county, central Minnesota, U.S. It lies on the Sauk River at the southern tip of Sauk Lake, about 45 miles (70 km) northwest of St. Cloud. Settled in 1856 and laid out in 1863, the city was named for its location on the central part of the Sauk River, which itself was

epeirogeny: …recognized of these are the Sauk Sequence (Late Precambrian to mid-Ordovician; about 650 to 460 million years ago), the Tippecanoe Sequence (mid-Ordovician to Early Devonian; about 460 to 400 million years ago), the Kaskaskia Sequence (Early Devonian to mid-Carboniferous; about 408 to 320 million years ago), and the Absaroka Sequence…

Valparaiso: …a point on the old Sauk Trail, which was a thoroughfare for Sauk Indians traveling to Detroit to engage in the fur trade and later to collect annuities from the British for services in the War of 1812. Valparaiso is situated in a dairy and popcorn-seed-growing area. Its manufactures include…