Chaikin money flow (CMF), developed by renowned stock analyst Marc Chaikin, is a technical indicator used to assess the flow of money into or out of a security. It can help identify potential trends and confirm their strength. Chaikin money flow is particularly useful in analyzing the stock market,

Georgia: Rose Revolution: …Saakashvili, the head of the United National Movement (UNM), lead a peaceable uprising—termed the “Rose Revolution”—that drove Shevardnadze from power. Saakashvili was elected president the following year and immediately opened a campaign against corruption, sought to stabilize the economy, and attempted to secure the country against ethnic strife.

unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), military aircraft that is guided autonomously, by remote control, or both and that carries sensors, target designators, offensive ordnance, or electronic transmitters designed to interfere with or destroy enemy targets. Unencumbered by crew, life-support systems, and

unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), military aircraft that is guided autonomously, by remote control, or both and that carries sensors, target designators, offensive ordnance, or electronic transmitters designed to interfere with or destroy enemy targets. Unencumbered by crew, life-support systems, and

Paul Mazursky: Directing: …then his biggest hit with An Unmarried Woman. Jill Clayburgh starred as a wealthy New Yorker who adjusts to single life after her husband (Michael Murphy) leaves her for another woman. Mazursky’s script was unsparing and well observed, and Alan Bates was a standout as the lover of Clayburgh’s character.…

Geoffrey H. Hartman: In his first book, The Unmediated Vision (1954), Hartman argued that poetry mediates between its readers and direct experience, much as religion did in more religious eras. Romantic poetry especially interested him, and he wrote several books on William Wordsworth, including Wordsworth’s Poetry, 1787–1814 (1964; rev. ed., 1971) and…

Ethiopia: War with Eritrea: …for a UN mission (United Nations Mission in Eritrea and Ethiopia; UNMEE) to monitor the cease-fire and deploy troops in a buffer zone between the two countries while the border was being demarcated. A peace agreement signed in Algeria in December ended the conflict, although relations between Ethiopia and…

Serbia: Government: The United Nations Mission in Kosovo (UNMIK) then took over the administration of the territory. The Vojvodina regained nominal autonomous status in 2002, but some local groups continued to call for a more extensive form of self-rule. In 2008 Kosovo declared independence; although the United States…

exsolution, in mineralogy, process through which an initially homogeneous solid solution separates into at least two different crystalline minerals without the addition or removal of any materials. In most cases, it occurs upon cooling below the temperature of mutual solubility or stability of the

the Five Ways: …begun with a first or prime mover that had not itself been moved or acted upon by any other agent. Aristotle sometimes called this prime mover “God.” Aquinas understood it as the God of Christianity.

United Nations Monitoring, Verification and Inspection Commission (UNMOVIC), successor commission to the United Nations Special Commission (UNSCOM), charged with disarming Iraq of its weapons of mass destruction and monitoring Iraq’s compliance with United Nations-mandated weapons restrictions. The

encyclopaedia: The Arab world: …a kind of encyclopaedia, entitled Unmūdhaj al-ʿulūm (“Program of the Sciences”), that consisted of documented questions and answers and technical inventions on a very wide range of subjects. Al-Shīrazī (died 1542) soon issued a refutation to it, the Maqālat al-radd ʿalā unmūdag ʿalā unmūdhaj al-ʿulūm al-jalāliyyah (“Treatise on the Refutation…

The Unnamable, novel by Samuel Beckett, published in French as L’Innommable in 1953 and then translated by the author into English. It was the third in a trilogy of prose narratives that began with Molloy (1951) and Malone meurt (1951; Malone Dies), published together in English as Three Novels

Giovanni Segantini: …Punishment of Luxury” (1891), “The Unnatural Mothers” (1894), and “Love at the Fountain of Life” (1896). A pantheist by nature, he felt himself in mystic communion with his mountain environment. He usually used an Alpine background in his works and left unfinished a great triptych entitled “Life, Nature, and Death,”…

Ferenc Erkel: …his last significant works, the Ünnepi nyitány (1887; “Festival Overture”), for the 50th anniversary of the opening of the National Theatre in Budapest.

children’s literature: National and modern literature: The prolific Edith Unnerstad has written charming family stories, with a touch of fantasy, as has Karin Anckarsvärd, whose Doktorns pojk’ (1963; Eng. trans., Doctor’s Boy, 1965) is a quietly moving tale of small-town life in the horse-and-buggy days. The Sandbergs, Inger and Lasse, have advanced the…

Sweden: Christianization: …930s another archbishop of Hamburg, Unni, undertook a new mission, with as little success as his predecessors. In Västergötland to the southwest, Christianity, introduced mainly by English missionaries, was more generally accepted during the 11th century. In central Sweden, however, the temple at Uppsala provided a stronghold for pagan resistance,…

meitnerium (Mt), an artificially produced element belonging to the transuranium group, atomic number 109. It is predicted to have chemical properties resembling those of iridium. The element is named in honour of Austrian-born physicist Lise Meitner. In 1982 West German physicists at the Institute

seaborgium (Sg), an artificially produced radioactive element in Group VIb of the periodic table, atomic number 106. In June 1974, Georgy N. Flerov of the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research at Dubna, Russia, U.S.S.R., announced that his team of investigators had synthesized and identified element

hassium (Hs), an artificially produced element belonging to the transuranium group, atomic number 108. It was synthesized and identified in 1984 by West German researchers at the Institute for Heavy Ion Research (Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung [GSI]) in Darmstadt. On the basis of its

dubnium (Db), an artificially produced radioactive transuranium element in Group Vb of the periodic table, atomic number 105. The discovery of dubnium (element 105), like that of rutherfordium (element 104), has been a matter of dispute between Soviet and American scientists. The Soviets may have

rutherfordium (Rf), an artificially produced radioactive transuranium element in Group IVb of the periodic table, atomic number 104. Soviet scientists at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research at Dubna, Russia, U.S.S.R., announced in 1964 the discovery of element 104, which they named

bohrium (Bh), a synthetic element in Group VIIb of the periodic table. It is thought to be chemically similar to the rare metal rhenium. In 1976 Soviet scientists at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research in Dubna, Russia, U.S.S.R., announced that they had synthesized element 107, later given the

Violeta Barrios de Chamorro: …presidential candidate of the 14-party National Opposition Union (Unión Nacional Opositor; UNO) alliance, won a surprisingly easy victory over President Daniel Ortega Saavedra, head of the Sandinistas. She was inaugurated on April 25, 1990.

hassium (Hs), an artificially produced element belonging to the transuranium group, atomic number 108. It was synthesized and identified in 1984 by West German researchers at the Institute for Heavy Ion Research (Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung [GSI]) in Darmstadt. On the basis of its

Uno Chiyo was a Japanese short-story writer and novelist who became better known for a personal life perceived as scandalous than for the break she made with the Japanese literary scene of the 1920s and ’30s. After the publication of two early works in the 1920s, Uno moved to Tokyo, where she

Uno Sōsuke was a politician who served as prime minister of Japan for 68 days (June 2–Aug. 9, 1989). The son of a wealthy brewer, Uno attended the Kōbe University of Commerce, served in the army in World War II, and was first elected to the House of Representatives in 1960. He served in various

Ernesto Sábato: Uno y el universo (1945; “One and the Universe”), a series of aphorisms, statements, and personal observations by Sábato on diverse philosophical, social, and political matters, was his first literary success. The novel El túnel (1948; “The Tunnel”; Eng. trans. The Outsider) won Sábato national…

Green Day: …by a trilogy—the separately released ¡Uno!, ¡Dos!, and ¡Tré!—that found the band returning to the high-energy immediacy of its punk roots while also drawing inspiration from its classic-rock forebears. Green Day’s next release, Revolution Radio (2016), is a more-focused return to basics. Father of All… (2020) features throwback garage rock.

Luigi Pirandello: …Uno, nessuno e centomila (1925–26; One, None, and a Hundred Thousand). Both are more typical than Il fu Mattia Pascal. The first, a historical novel reflecting the Sicily of the end of the 19th century and the general bitterness at the loss of the ideals of the Risorgimento (the movement…

Vienna: Evolution of the modern city: …the modern buildings of the Vienna International Centre, or UNO-City, include the offices of the International Atomic Energy Agency, the United Nations Industrial Development Organization, and other UN agencies.

Unocal Corporation, former American petroleum corporation founded in 1890 with the union of three wildcatter companies—the Hardison & Stewart Oil Company, the Sespe Oil Company, and the Torrey Canyon Oil Company. Originally centred in Santa Paula, California, it became headquartered in Los Angeles

Russia: General survey: …friends, who formed his so-called Unofficial Committee, with the intention of drafting ambitious reforms. In the period from 1807 to 1812, he had as his chief adviser the liberal Mikhail Speransky. Both periods produced some valuable administrative innovations, but neither initiated any basic reform. After 1815 Alexander was mainly concerned…

Magnoliales: Chemicals: …an extract from the tree Unonopsis veneficiorum to tip their poison blowgun darts and arrows; this substance has a similar paralyzing effect on humans and other animals to that caused by curare, which is obtained from the genus Strychnos of the family Loganiaceae.

set theory: Axioms for compounding sets: table—axiom of pairing, axiom of union, and axiom of power set—are of this sort.

combinatorics: Partitions: The theory of unordered partitions is much more difficult and has many interesting features. An unordered partition can be standardized by listing the parts in a decreasing order. Thus n = x1 + x2 +⋯+ xk, x1 ≥ x2 ≥⋯≥ xk ≥ 1. In what follows, partition will…

Bruno Mars: Doo-Wops & Hooligans, Unorthodox Jukebox, and Uptown Funk: Unorthodox Jukebox appeared in December 2012, two months after he debuted its breakout single, “Locked out of Heaven.” The album, which also includes the hit songs “When I Was Your Man” and “Treasure,” won the Grammy for best pop vocal album. Mars’s pliant voice was…

UNOSOM, either of two United Nations (UN) peacekeeping and humanitarian missions—UNOSOM I (1992–93) and UNOSOM II (1993–95)—designed to alleviate problems in Somalia created by civil war and drought. UNOSOM I was dispatched by the UN in April 1992 to monitor the cease-fire that was in effect at the

Sri Lanka: Political process: …in Sri Lanka, the conservative United National Party (UNP) and the more liberal Sri Lanka Freedom Party (SLFP) have dominated the political arena since independence. A splinter party from the SLFP, known as the Sri Lanka Podujana Peremuna party (SLPP), emerged as a political force after parliament member and former…

dubnium (Db), an artificially produced radioactive transuranium element in Group Vb of the periodic table, atomic number 105. The discovery of dubnium (element 105), like that of rutherfordium (element 104), has been a matter of dispute between Soviet and American scientists. The Soviets may have

All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam: Under Jayalalithaa’s leadership: …election, allying itself with the United National Progressive Alliance (UNPA), led by leftist parties, and won 9 seats. In the 2014 Lok Sabha polls, the AIADMK had its best outing yet, garnering 37 seats and becoming the third largest party in the chamber.

Alicia Keys: Musical success: …year she recorded and released Unplugged, an album from the MTV special on which she performed stripped-down versions of past hits, new songs, and covers of songs popularized by Aretha Franklin and by the Rolling Stones.

drought: Unpredictable drought involves an abnormal rainfall failure. It may occur almost anywhere but is most characteristic of humid and subhumid climates. Usually brief and irregular, it often affects only a relatively small area. However, ongoing large-scale droughts of this kind are possible, especially in drier…

rutherfordium (Rf), an artificially produced radioactive transuranium element in Group IVb of the periodic table, atomic number 104. Soviet scientists at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research at Dubna, Russia, U.S.S.R., announced in 1964 the discovery of element 104, which they named

Jean-Jacques Bernard: In L’Âme en peine (1926; The Unquiet Spirit), two characters who never meet feel an inexplicable disquiet whenever they are near one another. Included among Bernard’s later plays are the more conventional À la recherche des coeurs (1931; “In Search of Hearts”) and Jeanne de Pantin…

Rally for the Republic: …main groups, of which the Union for the New Republic (Union pour la Nouvelle République; UNR) emerged as the most important and electorally successful, gaining 26 percent of the vote in the 1958 election.

Sheldon Glueck and Eleanor Glueck: …books by the Gluecks included Unraveling Juvenile Delinquency (1950), in which they published their controversial Social Prediction Tables by which they claimed potential delinquents could be identified by the age of six, Delinquents in the Making (1952), Physique and Delinquency (1956), Predicting Delinquency and Crime (1959), Family Environment and Delinquency…

Unreal Tournament, electronic first-person shooter (FPS) game, released by American game developer GT Interactive Software Corp. (now Atari, Inc.) in 1999. A sequel to the popular combat video game Unreal, Unreal Tournament represented a shift from single-player action to multiplayer online gaming.

Lord of Misrule: …of Misrule, known as the Abbot of Unreason (suppressed in 1555), and both are thought by scholars to be descended from the “king” or “bishop” who presided over the earlier Feast of Fools. Another related functionary was the Boy Bishop, the leader of children’s Christmas festivities in the choir schools.

radiation: Electrons: The other half, called the unrestricted stopping power, increases without limit, but its effect at extreme relativistic velocities (those very near the speed of light) becomes small compared with energy loss by nuclear encounters.

20th-century international relations: Attitude of the United States: …4, 1915, Germany declared the waters around the British Isles a war zone in which Allied ships would be sunk, without warning if necessary. While this procedure dispensed with traditional civilities like boarding, search and seizure, and care of civilians, effective submarine warfare required it. Underwater craft relied on stealth…

United Nations Research Institute for Social Development (UNRISD), autonomous United Nations body established in 1963 to conduct research into the problems and policies of social and economic development. UNRISD is dependent on voluntary contributions from governments, from other UN organizations,

rounding: …the opposite of rounding; in unrounded vowels the lips are slack or may be drawn back, as in pronouncing the ee in “meet.” Generally speaking, front vowels tend to be unrounded and back vowels rounded, and this tendency is recognized in the classification of vowels (see vowel). However, the French…

United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA), administrative body (1943–47) for an extensive social-welfare program that assisted nations ravaged by World War II. Created on Nov. 9, 1943, by a 44-nation agreement, its operations concentrated on distributing relief supplies, such

Fritz von Unruh was a dramatist, poet, and novelist, one of the most poetically gifted of the younger German Expressionist writers. The son of a general, Unruh was an army officer in active service until 1912, when he resigned his commission to devote his time to writing. His critical reflections

theatre: Theatre building after World War II: …stage design and mechanization was Walther Unruh, whose work is exemplified by the Deutsche Oper in West Berlin. There, the stage is cruciform in plan, employing lifts under the main stage, a sliding revolving stage with trapdoors upstage, and sliding stages right and left of the main stage; thus, it…

United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA), subsidiary agency created by the United Nations (UN) General Assembly in 1949 to provide relief, health, and education services for Palestinians who lost both their homes and their means of livelihood during the

bohrium (Bh), a synthetic element in Group VIIb of the periodic table. It is thought to be chemically similar to the rare metal rhenium. In 1976 Soviet scientists at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research in Dubna, Russia, U.S.S.R., announced that they had synthesized element 107, later given the

Claude Lelouch: …notable movies included the musical Les Uns et les autres (1981; Bolero) and Les Misérables (1995), an adaptation of Victor Hugo’s classic novel. The latter won a Golden Globe Award for best foreign film. Lelouch continued to direct into the early 21st century, and his films from this period included…

Unsafe at Any Speed, investigative report on U.S. automobile safety published in 1965 by consumer advocate Ralph Nader, who was then a 31-year-old attorney. Unsafe at Any Speed: The Designed-in Dangers of the American Automobile excoriated the American automotive industry, based in Detroit, for its

dairy product: Composition: Unsalted butter is often referred to as “sweet” butter. This should not be confused with “sweet cream” butter, which may or may not be salted. Reduced-fat, or “light,” butter usually contains about 40 percent milk fat.

fat: Chemical composition of fats: …high melting temperatures, and the unsaturated acids (acids with one or more pairs of carbon atoms joined by double bonds, such as oleic or linoleic), which are low melting and chemically much more reactive.

petroleum refining: Unsaturated molecules: Two other chemical families that are important in petroleum refining are composed of unsaturated molecules. In unsaturated molecules, not all the valence electrons on a carbon atom are bonded to separate carbon or hydrogen atoms; instead, two or three electrons may be taken…

unsaturated fat, a fatty acid in which the hydrocarbon molecules have two carbons that share double or triple bond(s) and are therefore not completely saturated with hydrogen atoms. Due to the decreased saturation with hydrogen bonds, the structures are weaker and are, therefore, typically liquid

petroleum refining: Unsaturated molecules: Two other chemical families that are important in petroleum refining are composed of unsaturated molecules. In unsaturated molecules, not all the valence electrons on a carbon atom are bonded to separate carbon or hydrogen atoms; instead, two or three electrons may be taken…

unsaturated polyester, any of a group of thermosetting resins produced by dissolving a low-molecular-weight unsaturated polyester in a vinyl monomer and then copolymerizing the two to form a hard, durable plastic material. Unsaturated polyesters, usually strengthened by fibreglass or ground

major industrial polymers: Unsaturated polyesters: Unsaturated polyesters are linear copolymers containing carbon-carbon double bonds that are capable of undergoing further polymerization in the presence of free-radical initiators. The copolyesters are prepared from a dicarboxylic acid or its anhydride (usually phthalic anhydride) and an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or anhydride,…

chromophore: …to take up hydrogen, called unsaturation, is caused by the presence of electrons that are not strongly fixed in covalent bonds between particular pairs of atoms but occupy larger regions of space (molecular orbitals) that may be associated with several atoms. These electrons can absorb energy from light over a…

UNSCOM (United Nations Special Commission), United Nations inspection agency established in April 1991 in the wake of the Persian Gulf War to ensure the elimination of Iraq’s supposed ballistic missiles and weapons of mass destruction. The commission was to monitor the elimination of any discovered

Palestine: The early postwar period: …Special Committee on Palestine (UNSCOP) recommended that the region be partitioned into an Arab and a Jewish state, which, however, should retain an economic union. Jerusalem and its environs were to be international. These recommendations were substantially adopted by a two-thirds majority of the UN General Assembly in Resolution…

reality TV, television genre encompassing a wide variety of purportedly unscripted programming. Because the genre is so heterogeneous, it can be difficult to fully define. In her book True Story: What Reality TV Says About Us (2022), American sociologist Danielle J. Lindemann defines reality TV as

Lewis Allen: …into the spectral world with The Unseen (1945), about a governess (Russell) who discovers that her predecessor was murdered.

Earl Monroe: …Monroe teamed with big man Wes Unseld, who joined the Bullets in 1968. They won games, but the story was not Baltimore’s three straight play-off appearances from 1968–69 to 1970–71, including a trip to the 1971 NBA finals. Instead, it was Monroe’s offensive arsenal, one of the first times that…

Carl Spitteler: …a politically influential tract, “Unser Schweizer Standpunkt,” directed against a one-sided pro-German view of World War I. An English translation of his Selected Poems appeared in 1928.

Al Unser was an American automobile-racing driver from a prestigious family of drivers, who won the Indianapolis 500 four times (1970–71, 1978, and 1987). In 1964 Unser won the Pikes Peak Hill Climb, an event dominated by his family, especially his brother Bobby. He repeated the feat the following

Al Unser: His son Al Unser, Jr., was also a multiple winner of the Indianapolis 500.

Al Unser was an American automobile-racing driver from a prestigious family of drivers, who won the Indianapolis 500 four times (1970–71, 1978, and 1987). In 1964 Unser won the Pikes Peak Hill Climb, an event dominated by his family, especially his brother Bobby. He repeated the feat the following

Bobby Unser was an American automobile-racing driver from a family of drivers, who won the Indianapolis 500 three times (1968, 1975, 1981). Unser first raced in 1949 and first competed in the Indianapolis 500 race in 1963. In 1956 he won the Pikes Peak Hill Climb, his first of what would eventually

Bobby Unser was an American automobile-racing driver from a family of drivers, who won the Indianapolis 500 three times (1968, 1975, 1981). Unser first raced in 1949 and first competed in the Indianapolis 500 race in 1963. In 1956 he won the Pikes Peak Hill Climb, his first of what would eventually

Barbara Kingsolver: In Unsheltered (2018) Kingsolver chronicled the struggles of two families that lived in the same house more than a century apart, both during times of great cultural changes. Demon Copperhead (2022) is a modern retelling of Charles Dickens’s David Copperfield, set in Appalachia. The widely acclaimed…

homelessness: Homelessness in the United States: Unsheltered homeless people sleep on the streets, in cars, in abandoned buildings, or in other places not intended for human habitation. The report found that nearly two-thirds of the homeless in the United States were sheltered, the rest being unsheltered.

Molly Brown: …Molly Brown and the 1964 film adaptation starring Debbie Reynolds.

Molly Brown: …prominence in the 1960 musical The Unsinkable Molly Brown and the 1964 film adaptation starring Debbie Reynolds.

Dunning-Kruger effect: …on in their paper “Unskilled and Unaware of It: How Difficulties in Recognizing One’s Own Incompetence Lead to Inflated Self-Assessments” (1999), Dunning and Kruger tested the abilities of four groups of young adults in three domains: humour, logic (reasoning), and grammar. The results supported their predictions that, as compared…

Mount Everest: The U.S. ascent of 1963: Two of them, William F. Unsoeld and Thomas F. Hornbein, made mountaineering history by ascending the West Ridge, which until then had been considered unclimbable. They descended the traditional way, along the Southeast Ridge toward the South Col, thus also accomplishing the first major mountain traverse in the…

history of logic: Effective computability: One of the starting points of recursion theory was the decision problem for first-order logic—i.e., the problem of finding an algorithm or repetitive procedure that would mechanically (i.e., effectively) decide whether a given formula of first-order logic is logically true. A positive solution to…

Television in the United States: Reality TV: …Most Wanted (Fox/Lifetime, 1988–2012) and Unsolved Mysteries (NBC/CBS, 1988–99; Lifetime, 2001–02) used actors to dramatize stories about crimes for which the suspects were still at large. Traditional journalists decried the use of these reenactments, but hundreds of criminals were apprehended as a result of viewers’ calling the station in response…

marketing: Unsought goods: Finally, an unsought good is one that a consumer does not know about—or knows about but does not normally think of buying. New products, such as new frozen-food concepts or new smartphones, are unsought until consumers learn about them through word-of-mouth influence or…

American literature: Realism and metafiction: …richly suggestive pieces collected in Unspeakable Practices, Unnatural Acts (1968), City Life (1970), and Guilty Pleasures (1974).

Pamela Hansford Johnson: In her novels, starting with The Unspeakable Skipton (1959), she mined a rich vein of satire.

Rob Lowe: Later career: …in the workplace comedy series Unstable (2023– ).

Rascal Flatts: …Still Feels Good (2007), and Unstoppable (2009)—each of which reached the top of Billboard’s all-genre album chart. The hit singles “What Hurts the Most” (2006), a rueful ballad, and “Life Is a Highway” (2006), a rollicking tune featured on the soundtrack to the animated film Cars, contributed to the act’s…

Chris Pine: Stardom: Star Trek series and Unstoppable: …Denzel Washington in Tony Scott’s Unstoppable, a popular action-thriller about a runaway train carrying hazardous material. In 2012 Pine returned to the rom-com genre, appearing opposite Reese Witherspoon and Tom Hardy in This Means War, about spies fighting over a woman. That year Pine also lent his voice to the…

information processing: Storage structures for digital-form information: …symbol strings and numbers, and “unstructured” data, such as the natural-language text of documents or pictorial images. The principal objective of all storage structures is to facilitate the processing of data elements on the basis of their relationships; the structures thus vary with the type of relationship they represent. The…

P.D. James: James also wrote An Unsuitable Job for a Woman (1972) and The Skull Beneath the Skin (1982), which centre on Cordelia Gray, a young private detective. The first of these novels was the basis for both a television movie and a short-lived series. James expanded beyond the mystery…

Persian literature: The proliferation of court patronage: The leading poet was ʿUnṣurī, whom the sultan appointed as his “lord of the poets” with the authority to test the talents of any poet seeking to be admitted to the sultan’s court. ʿUnṣurī’s qaṣīdehs were highly appreciated for their rhetorical virtuosity. He also wrote a number of romantic…

Sharon Olds: …included Blood, Tin, Straw (1999), The Unswept Room (2002), One Secret Thing (2008), Odes (2016), Arias (2019), and Balladz (2022). For Stag’s Leap (2012), which chronicles the 1997 dissolution of her marriage, she was awarded both the T.S. Eliot Prize and the Pulitzer Prize. In 2016 Olds received the Academy…

Lisa Anne Auerbach: …themes—and Roman mosaics, Auerbach designed Unswept Rug (2014), a carpet that included scattered objects such as lettuce leaves, crushed aluminum cans, smashed Solo cups, and other detritus that she had found outside her studio. The work was a far cry from the traditional Afghan rug but was totally in keeping…

Cambodia: The 1990s: …under the control of a United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia that would monitor progress toward conducting elections, temporarily run several government ministries, and safeguard human rights.

Namibia: Independence: The United Nations Transition Assistance Group (UNTAG) opened operations in April 1989. After a disastrous start—in which South African forces massacred PLAN forces seeking to report to UNTAG to be confined to designated areas—UNTAG slowly gained control over the registration and electoral process in most areas.