Rococo: …by Balthasar Neumann, and the Wieskirche (begun 1745–54), near Munich, built by Dominikus Zimmermann and decorated by his elder brother Johann Baptist Zimmermann. Georg Wenzeslaus von Knobelsdorff and Johann Michael Fischer also created notable buildings in the style, which utilized a profusion of stuccowork and other decoration.

Wiesbaden, city, capital of Hesse Land (state), southern Germany. It is situated on the right (east) bank of the Rhine River at the southern foot of the Taunus Mountains, west of Frankfurt am Main and north of Mainz. The settlement was known as a spa (Aquae Mattiacae) in Roman times. Its earthen

Eric F. Wieschaus is an American developmental biologist who shared the 1995 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine, with geneticists Edward B. Lewis and Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard (qq.v.), for discovering the genetic controls of early embryonic development. Working together with Nüsslein-Volhard,

Mpezeni: …concession to the German adventurer Karl Wiese. Wiese, however, sold his concession to a London-based company that would become the North Charterland Company, a subsidiary of the BSAC. In 1897 Wiese and prospectors from the North Charterland Company were attacked by Ngoni warriors; in response, British-led forces launched a strong…

Elie Wiesel was a Romanian-born Jewish writer, whose works provide a sober yet passionate testament of the destruction of European Jewry during World War II. He was awarded the Nobel Prize for Peace in 1986. Wiesel’s early life, spent in a small Hasidic community in the town of Sighet, was a rather

Elie Wiesel was a Romanian-born Jewish writer, whose works provide a sober yet passionate testament of the destruction of European Jewry during World War II. He was awarded the Nobel Prize for Peace in 1986. Wiesel’s early life, spent in a small Hasidic community in the town of Sighet, was a rather

Torsten Wiesel is a Swedish neurobiologist, recipient with David Hunter Hubel and Roger Wolcott Sperry of the 1981 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine. All three scientists were honoured for their investigations of brain function, Wiesel and Hubel in particular for their collaborative studies of

Torsten Wiesel is a Swedish neurobiologist, recipient with David Hunter Hubel and Roger Wolcott Sperry of the 1981 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine. All three scientists were honoured for their investigations of brain function, Wiesel and Hubel in particular for their collaborative studies of

Oktoberfest, annual festival in Munich, Germany, held over a two-week period and ending on the first Sunday in October. The festival originated on October 12, 1810, in celebration of the marriage of the crown prince of Bavaria, who later became King Louis I, to Princess Therese von

Jim Palmer is an American professional baseball player who won three Cy Young Awards (1973, 1975–76) as the best pitcher in the American League (AL) and who had a lifetime earned-run average (ERA) of 2.86, a 268–152 record, and 2,212 career strikeouts. He played his entire career (1965–84) with the

Theodor Wiesengrund Adorno was a German philosopher who also wrote on sociology, psychology, and musicology. Adorno obtained a degree in philosophy from Johann Wolfgang Goethe University in Frankfurt in 1924. His early writings, which emphasize aesthetic development as important to historical

Simon Wiesenthal was the founder (1961) and head (until 2003) of the Jewish Documentation Centre in Vienna. During World War II, Wiesenthal was a prisoner in five Nazi concentration camps, and after the war he dedicated his life to the search for and the legal prosecution of Nazi criminals and to

Friedrich von Wieser was an economist who was one of the principal members of the Austrian school of economics, along with Carl Menger and Eugen von Böhm-Bawerk. Wieser attended the University of Vienna from 1868 to 1872 and then entered government service. Like his colleague, Böhm-Bawerk, Wieser

Charles H. Bennett: …became friends with fellow student Stephen Wiesner. They kept in touch while Wiesner went to graduate school at Columbia, and Wiesner told Bennett about his idea for using quantum mechanics to create money that could not be counterfeited. Such a “quantum” banknote would contain 20 two-state quantum systems in which…

Dianne Wiest is an American actress who gained respect for her ability to convey vulnerability, her versatility, and her understated comic talents. Wiest studied ballet as a child in Germany and at the School of American Ballet, but, after appearing in high-school plays, she decided on an acting

Tadeusz Mazowiecki: …the independent Catholic monthly journal Więź (“Link”), which he edited until 1981. From 1961 to 1971 he was a member of the Sejm, Poland’s legislative assembly. In the 1970s he forged links with the Workers’ Defense Committee, which protected anticommunist labour activists in Poland from government persecution.

Bharati Mukherjee: Wife (1975) details an Indian woman’s descent into madness as she is pulled apart by the demands of the cultures of her homeland and her new home in New York City. In Mukherjee’s first book of short fiction, Darkness (1985), many of the stories, including…

dowry: …form of protection for the wife against the very real possibility of ill treatment by her husband and his family. A dowry used in this way is actually a conditional gift that is supposed to be restored to the wife or her family if the husband divorces, abuses, or commits…

John Fletcher: …perhaps The Loyall Subject and A Wife for a Moneth, the latter a florid and loquacious play, in which a bizarre sexual situation is handled with cunning piquancy, and the personages illustrate clearly Fletcher’s tendency to make his men and women personifications of vices and virtues rather than individuals. The…

The Wife of Bath’s Tale, one of the 24 stories in The Canterbury Tales by Geoffrey Chaucer. Before the Wife of Bath tells her tale, she offers in a long prologue a condemnation of celibacy and a lusty account of her five marriages. It is for this prologue that her tale is perhaps best known. The

Charles W. Chesnutt: Cable, Chesnutt’s The Wife of His Youth, and Other Stories of the Color Line (1899) examines colour prejudice between white and Black people as well as among Black people. The Colonel’s Dream (1905) deals trenchantly with the problems faced by enslaved people after being freed. A psychological…

Martin Guerre: …character in Janet Lewis’s novel The Wife of Martin Guerre (1941), based on a 16th-century villager from Gascony who, after a decade of marriage to Bertrande de Rols, vanishes. About eight years later, Arnaud du Thil, a man resembling Guerre, arrives and is accepted by Guerre’s wife and many of…

ballad: The supernatural: “The Wife of Usher’s Well” laments the death of her children so inconsolably that they return to her from the dead as revenants; “Willie’s Lady” cannot be delivered of her child because of her wicked mother-in-law’s spells, an enchantment broken by a beneficent household spirit;…

Zadie Smith: Other works and honors: Smith also wrote the play The Wife of Willesden, which debuted in London in 2021. The work is a reimagining of The Wife of Bath’s Tale from Geoffrey Chaucer’s The Canterbury Tales. In addition, she and her husband, Nick Laird, published the children’s book Weirdo (2021) and The Surprise (2022).

Clarence Brown: The 1930s: …rare foray into comedy with Wife vs. Secretary, which featured the notable cast of Jean Harlow, Gable, and Loy. He had less success with The Gorgeous Hussy (1936), which starred Crawford as Peggy Eaton, the daughter of a tavern keeper whose friendship with Pres. Andrew Jackson (Lionel Barrymore) becomes a…

ballad: Romantic comedies: …deal with shrewish wives (“The Wife Wrapped in Wether’s Skin”) or gullible cuckolds (“Our Goodman”).

Sir Thomas Overbury: His poem A Wife, thought by some to have played a role in precipitating his murder, became widely popular after his death, and the brief portraits added to later editions established his reputation as a character writer.

Glenn Close: …the comedy Father Figures; and The Wife, for which she earned rave reviews—as well as an Oscar nomination and a Golden Globe Award—playing the supportive but reserved spouse of an acclaimed author. In 2020 Close starred in Hillbilly Elegy, an adaptation of the best-selling memoir by J.D. Vance, whose family…

Wi-Fi, networking technology that uses radio waves to allow high-speed data transfer over short distances. Wi-Fi technology has its origins in a 1985 ruling by the U.S. Federal Communications Commission that released the bands of the radio spectrum at 900 megahertz (MHz), 2.4 gigahertz (GHz), and

Spain: The Christian states, 711–1035: …Pamplona in Navarre, and Count Wilfred of Barcelona (873–898)—whose descendants were to govern Catalonia until the 15th century—asserted his independence from the Franks by extending his rule over several small Catalan counties.

Canadian Football League: …Football Council, created by the Western Interprovincial Football Union (WIFU) and the Interprovincial Rugby Football Union (IRFU). Though the IRFU still referred to their sport as rugby football, the member clubs played a gridiron style of football. The WIFU and IRFU became, respectively, the Western and Eastern conferences of the…

wig, manufactured head covering of real or artificial hair worn in the theatre, as personal adornment, disguise, or symbol of office, or for religious reasons. The wearing of wigs dates from the earliest recorded times; it is known, for example, that the ancient Egyptians shaved their heads and

Wigan, town and metropolitan borough in the northwestern part of the metropolitan county of Greater Manchester, historic county of Lancashire, northwestern England. It lies along the River Douglas and the Leeds and Liverpool Canal. The borough includes large industrial and commercial centres such

Wigan: metropolitan borough in the northwestern part of the metropolitan county of Greater Manchester, historic county of Lancashire, northwestern England. It lies along the River Douglas and the Leeds and Liverpool Canal. The borough includes large industrial and commercial centres such as the towns of Wigan…

wigeon, any of four species of dabbling ducks (family Anatidae), popular game birds and excellent table fare. The European wigeon (Anas, or Mareca, penelope) ranges across the Palaearctic and is occasionally found in the Nearctic regions. The American wigeon, or baldpate (A. americana), breeds in

Kate Douglas Wiggin was an American author who led the kindergarten education movement in the United States. Kate Douglas Smith attended a district school in Philadelphia and for short periods the Gorham Female Seminary in Maine, the Morison Academy in Maryland, and the Abbott Academy in

Bradley Wiggins is a Belgian-born British cyclist who was the first rider from the United Kingdom to win the Tour de France (2012). Wiggins was the son of an Australian track cyclist. He moved to London with his English mother at the age of two following his parents’ divorce. He started racing on

ethics: Moral realism: …who adopted this approach, notably David Wiggins and John McDowell, were sometimes referred to as “sensibility theorists.” But it remained unclear what exactly makes a particular sensibility appropriate, and how one would defend such a claim against anyone who judged differently. In the opinion of its critics, sensibility theory made…

Bradley Wiggins is a Belgian-born British cyclist who was the first rider from the United Kingdom to win the Tour de France (2012). Wiggins was the son of an Australian track cyclist. He moved to London with his English mother at the age of two following his parents’ divorce. He started racing on

gauge: …pointer on a graduated dial; wiggler indicators, which are used by machinists to centre or align work in machine tools; comparators, or visual gauges; and air gauges, which are used to gauge holes of various types. Very precise measurements may also be obtained by the use of light-wave interference, but…

the Wiggles, Australian quartet that is one of the most popular music acts in the English-speaking world, known for writing and performing music specifically aimed at preschool children. To many of their young listeners, the individual Wiggles are identified by the colour of their long-sleeved

the Wiggles: …band released its debut album, The Wiggles, and it eventually became one of the best-selling Australian albums of all time. The following year Wilcher left the group.

Michael Wigglesworth was a British-American clergyman, physician, and author of rhymed treatises expounding Puritan doctrines. Wigglesworth emigrated to America in 1638 with his family and settled in New Haven. In 1651 he graduated from Harvard College, where he was a tutor and a fellow from 1652

Sir Vincent Wigglesworth was an English entomologist, noted for his contribution to the study of insect physiology. His investigations of the living insect body and its tissues and organs revealed much about the dynamic complexity of individual insects and their interactions with the environment.

Bradley Wiggins is a Belgian-born British cyclist who was the first rider from the United Kingdom to win the Tour de France (2012). Wiggins was the son of an Australian track cyclist. He moved to London with his English mother at the age of two following his parents’ divorce. He started racing on

Isle of Wight, island, unitary authority, and geographic county, part of the historic county of Hampshire. It lies off the south coast of England, in the English Channel. The island is separated from the mainland by a deep strait known as The Solent. The Isle of Wight is diamond-shaped and extends

James Herriot was a British veterinarian and writer. Born James Alfred Wight, he joined the practice of two veterinarian brothers working in the Yorkshire Dales and at age 50 was persuaded by his wife to write down his collection of anecdotes. His humorous fictionalized reminiscences were published

Western architecture: United States: …of the Ruskinian aesthetic was Peter B. Wight, architect of the National Academy of Design, New York City (1863–65). There the Venetian Gothic mode came into its own. Wight and Potter—and, later, Potter’s brother William Appleton—were responsible for a number of collegiate and public buildings in this harsh, polychrome Gothic…

Wightman Cup, trophy awarded the winner of women’s tennis matches held annually from 1923 to 1989 between British and American teams. A competition comprised five singles and two doubles matches. The cup itself was donated in 1923 by Hazel Hotchkiss Wightman (q.v.). The first contest, at Forest

Hazel Hotchkiss Wightman was an American tennis player who dominated women’s competition before World War I. Known as the “queen mother of American tennis,” she was instrumental in organizing the Wightman Cup match between British and American women’s teams. The winner of 45 U.S. titles, Hazel

Mary Wigman was a German dancer, a pioneer of the modern expressive dance as developed in central Europe. A pupil of Émile Jaques-Dalcroze and Rudolf Laban, she subsequently formulated her own theories of movement, often dancing without music or to percussion only. Although she made her debut as a

John Henry Wigmore: …scholar and teacher whose 10-volume Treatise on the Anglo-American System of Evidence in Trials at Common Law (1904–05), usually called Wigmore on Evidence, is generally regarded as one of the world’s great books on law.

John Henry Wigmore was an American legal scholar and teacher whose 10-volume Treatise on the Anglo-American System of Evidence in Trials at Common Law (1904–05), usually called Wigmore on Evidence, is generally regarded as one of the world’s great books on law. A graduate of Harvard University,

radiation: Neutrons: The phenomenon, known as the Wigner effect and sometimes as a “knock on” process, was actually discovered in 1943 by the American chemists Milton Burton and T.J. Neubert and found to have profound influences on graphite and other materials.

Eugene Wigner was a Hungarian-born American physicist, joint winner, with J. Hans D. Jensen of West Germany and Maria Goeppert Mayer of the United States, of the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1963. He received the prize for his many contributions to nuclear physics, which include his formulation of

Eugene Wigner was a Hungarian-born American physicist, joint winner, with J. Hans D. Jensen of West Germany and Maria Goeppert Mayer of the United States, of the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1963. He received the prize for his many contributions to nuclear physics, which include his formulation of

Eugene Wigner was a Hungarian-born American physicist, joint winner, with J. Hans D. Jensen of West Germany and Maria Goeppert Mayer of the United States, of the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1963. He received the prize for his many contributions to nuclear physics, which include his formulation of

Podlaskie: Geography: …an abundance of wildlife, and Wigry National Park features a popular canoeing route along the Czarna Hańcza River as well as a 17th-century Camaldolese monastery. The main tourist centres of the province are Augustów, Wigry, and Sejny, while other attractions reflect its ethnic diversity. The Holy Mountain outside Grabarka is…

Podlaskie: Geography: …lake in the province is Lake Wigry (8.5 square miles [22 square km]). Lake Hańcza is the deepest of all Polish lakes (354 feet [108 metres]). The main rivers are the Bug, Narew, and Biebrza. About one-third of the province is forested. Podlaskie is the coolest region of Poland, with…

RuPaul: Supermodel of the World and acting: …he appeared in the documentary Wigstock: The Movie, published an autobiography, Lettin It All Hang Out, and signed a contract with M.A.C. Cosmetics, becoming the first drag queen to become a spokesmodel for a major cosmetics company.

Oadby and Wigston, borough (district), administrative and historic county of Leicestershire, England. Both Oadby and Wigston, formerly villages lying outside the city of Leicester, have been engulfed by the outward spread of the city’s suburbs. They lie to the southeast and south, respectively, of

Wigtownshire, historic county at the southwestern tip of Scotland, facing the Irish Sea to the south and the North Channel to the west. It is the western portion of the historic region of Galloway and lies entirely within the Dumfries and Galloway council area. Hill forts and lake dwellings

Wigtownshire, historic county at the southwestern tip of Scotland, facing the Irish Sea to the south and the North Channel to the west. It is the western portion of the historic region of Galloway and lies entirely within the Dumfries and Galloway council area. Hill forts and lake dwellings

wickiup, indigenous North American dwelling characteristic of many Northeast Indian peoples and in more limited use in the Plains, Great Basin, Plateau, and California culture areas. The wickiup was constructed of tall saplings driven into the ground, bent over, and tied together near the top. This

Korean literature: Later Chosŏn: 1598–1894: …village residents—collectively known as the wihangin. The wihangin, among them Chŏng Nae-Gyo, Chang Hon, and Cho Su-Sam, formed fellowships of poets and composed poetry with great enthusiasm. They referred to their poems as p’ungyo (“poems of the people,” also called talk songs) and published a number of collections of these…

Wihtred was a king of Kent who came to the throne in 691 or 692 after a period of anarchy. Wihtred was not sole king until 692 at the earliest, for Bede, the 8th-century historian, states that Swaefred, king of the East Saxons, was joint ruler in this year. Wihtred, however, seems to have become

Nintendo Wii, electronic game console, released by the Nintendo Company of Japan in 2006. Instead of directly competing with rival video consoles, such as the Microsoft Corporation’s Xbox 360 and the Sony Corporation’s PlayStation 3 (PS3), in terms of processing power and graphics display, Nintendo

Wii Fit, interactive electronic fitness game released in 2007 by the Nintendo Company Ltd. for their Wii gaming system. Wii Fit consists of software along with a balance board that enables users to do an extensive series of yoga exercises. For more aggressive fitness enthusiasts, Wii Fit offers

Wii Sports, electronic game created by Japanese designer Eguchi Katsuya and produced by Nintendo for the 2006 launch of the Nintendo Wii video game console. Wii Sports features five individual games that showcase the Wii’s unique motion-sensitive controller, which translates a player’s actual

Melissa McCarthy: Roles from the late 2010s: …supernatural creatures, featured McCarthy alongside Kristen Wiig, Kate McKinnon, and Leslie Jones. Before the film was even released in theaters, its casting of the titular team of wisecracking enforcers as women received searing backlash online. One particularly vocal segment of the original film’s fan base led a coordinated effort to…

wendigo, a mythological cannibalistic monster in the spiritual tradition of North American Algonquian-speaking tribes. It is associated with winter and described as either a fearsome beast that stalks and eats humans or as a spirit that possesses humans, causing them to turn into cannibals. There

wendigo, a mythological cannibalistic monster in the spiritual tradition of North American Algonquian-speaking tribes. It is associated with winter and described as either a fearsome beast that stalks and eats humans or as a spirit that possesses humans, causing them to turn into cannibals. There

American Subarctic peoples: Religious beliefs: “Wiitiko psychosis” refers to a condition in which an individual would be seized by the obsessive idea that he was turning into a cannibal with a compulsive craving for human flesh.

Suriname: Suriname since independence: …as the real power behind Jules Wijdenbosch, who was elected president of the country in 1996. In 1997 the government of the Netherlands issued an arrest warrant for Bouterse on charges of drug smuggling, but Suriname failed to extradite him; in 1999 he was convicted in absentia and sentenced to…

pre-Columbian civilizations: The beginnings of external expansion: His brothers Vicaquirao (Wika-k’iraw) and Apo Mayta (’Apu Mayta) were able military leaders and incorporated lands south and east of Cuzco into the Inca domain. Yahuar Huacac’s principal wife was apparently an Ayarmaca, indicating that at that time sister marriage was not the rule (see below Civil…

wiki, website that can be modified or contributed to by users. Wikis can be dated to 1995, when American computer programmer Ward Cunningham created a new collaborative technology for organizing information on websites. Using a Hawaiian term meaning “quick,” he called this new software WikiWikiWeb,

Jimmy Wales: …with Angela Beesley the for-profit Wikia, Inc.

WikiLeaks, media organization and website that functioned as a clearinghouse for classified or otherwise privileged information. WikiLeaks was founded in 2006 by Australian computer programmer and activist Julian Assange. Assange, a noted computer hacker, pleaded guilty to a host of cybercrime

WikiLeaks: Edward Snowden and the Sony Pictures hack: …July 2013 Assange launched the WikiLeaks Party and announced his candidacy for a seat in the Australian Senate. Promoting a platform of “transparency, accountability, and justice,” the party fielded a total of seven candidates in Senate races in the Australian states of Victoria, New South Wales, and Western Australia. An…

Wikipedia: …is overseen by the nonprofit Wikimedia Foundation. Wikipedia uses collaborative software known as a wiki that facilitates the creation and development of articles. Although some highly publicized problems have called attention to Wikipedia’s editorial process, they have done little to dampen public use of the resource, which is one of…

Wikipedia, free Internet-based encyclopedia, started in 2001, that operates under an open-source management style. It is overseen by the nonprofit Wikimedia Foundation. Wikipedia uses collaborative software known as a wiki that facilitates the creation and development of articles. Although some

Wikipedia: Issues and controversies: …of Technology (Caltech), to create Wikipedia Scanner, or WikiScanner, in 2007. By correlating the IP addresses attached to all Wikipedia edits with their owners, Griffith constructed a database that he made available on the Internet for anyone to search through. He and other researchers quickly discovered that editing Wikipedia content…

Wikipedia: Issues and controversies: …of Technology (Caltech), to create Wikipedia Scanner, or WikiScanner, in 2007. By correlating the IP addresses attached to all Wikipedia edits with their owners, Griffith constructed a database that he made available on the Internet for anyone to search through. He and other researchers quickly discovered that editing Wikipedia content…

wiki, website that can be modified or contributed to by users. Wikis can be dated to 1995, when American computer programmer Ward Cunningham created a new collaborative technology for organizing information on websites. Using a Hawaiian term meaning “quick,” he called this new software WikiWikiWeb,

Ulrich von Wilamowitz-Moellendorff was a German classical scholar and teacher whose studies advanced knowledge in the historical sciences of metrics, epigraphy, papyrology, topography, and textual criticism. Educated at the universities of Bonn and Berlin, Wilamowitz-Moellendorff served in the

Ulrich von Wilamowitz-Moellendorff was a German classical scholar and teacher whose studies advanced knowledge in the historical sciences of metrics, epigraphy, papyrology, topography, and textual criticism. Educated at the universities of Bonn and Berlin, Wilamowitz-Moellendorff served in the

tennis: The open era: …and 1988 French Open champion Mats Wilander. Another European country with a long tennis tradition that reached new heights in the 1980s was Czechoslovakia. One of the foremost players and coaches in Europe in the 1920s and ’30s was the Czech Karel Kozeluh. Czechoslovakia produced men’s Wimbledon champions Jaroslav Drobny…

Tunisia: Local government: …areas called wilāyāt (provinces; singular wilāyah), each of which is headed by a wālī (governor). Each province is designated by the name of its chief town and is in turn subdivided into numerous units called muʿtamadiyyāt (delegations), whose number varies according to province size. Delegations are administered by a muʿtamad…

Wilberforce University, private, coeducational institution of higher learning in Wilberforce, Ohio, U.S. It is affiliated with the African Methodist Episcopal Church. Wilberforce, the oldest historically black private college in the United States, is a liberal arts university offering undergraduate

Samuel Wilberforce was a British cleric, an Anglican prelate and educator and a defender of orthodoxy, who typified the ideal bishop of the Victorian era. He was a major figure in the preservation of the Oxford Movement, which sought to reintroduce 17th-century High Church ideals into the Church of

William Wilberforce was a British politician and philanthropist who from 1787 was prominent in the struggle to abolish the slave trade and then to abolish slavery itself in British overseas possessions. He studied at St. John’s College at the University of Cambridge, where he became a close friend

Saint Willibrord ; feast day November 7) was an Anglo-Saxon bishop and missionary, apostle of Friesland, and a patron saint of the Netherlands and Luxembourg. The son of the hermit St. Wilgis, Willibrord was sent by him to the Benedictine monastery of Ripon, England, under Abbot St. Wilfrid of

Saint Willibrord ; feast day November 7) was an Anglo-Saxon bishop and missionary, apostle of Friesland, and a patron saint of the Netherlands and Luxembourg. The son of the hermit St. Wilgis, Willibrord was sent by him to the Benedictine monastery of Ripon, England, under Abbot St. Wilfrid of

Saint Willibrord ; feast day November 7) was an Anglo-Saxon bishop and missionary, apostle of Friesland, and a patron saint of the Netherlands and Luxembourg. The son of the hermit St. Wilgis, Willibrord was sent by him to the Benedictine monastery of Ripon, England, under Abbot St. Wilfrid of

Merritt Parkway: … and in Connecticut is the Wilbur Cross Parkway.

Unitarianism and Universalism: Teachings: The Unitarian theologian Earl Morse Wilbur (1866–1956) advanced the thesis, now widely accepted, that the history of Unitarianism in Poland, Transylvania, England, and America gains unity from certain common themes. These themes are freedom of religious thought rather than required agreement with creeds or confessions, reliance not on…

Friends United Meeting: …this movement was led by John Wilbur, a Friends minister who stressed traditional Friends teachings and mode of worship. This reaction led to further schism and the forming of Wilburite yearly meetings.

Richard Wilbur was an American poet associated with the New Formalist movement. Wilbur was educated at Amherst College, Amherst, Massachusetts, and Harvard University, where he studied literature. He fought in Europe during World War II and earned a master’s degree from Harvard in 1947. With The

Richard Wilbur was an American poet associated with the New Formalist movement. Wilbur was educated at Amherst College, Amherst, Massachusetts, and Harvard University, where he studied literature. He fought in Europe during World War II and earned a master’s degree from Harvard in 1947. With The

Friends United Meeting: …schism and the forming of Wilburite yearly meetings.