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forge
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“Buffalo Forge Co.,” lithograph by Gies and Co., Buffalo, New York, c. 1877 blacksmith's coal forge
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“Buffalo Forge Co.,” lithograph by Gies and Co., Buffalo, New York, c. 1877
“Buffalo Forge Co.,” lithograph by Gies and Co., Buffalo, New York, c. 1877

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forge, open furnace for heating metal ore and metal for working and forming. From earliest times, smiths heated iron in forges and formed it by hammering on an anvil. A bellows operated by an assistant or by a foot treadle provided the forced draft for raising the temperature of the fire. Later, a waterwheel or animal power was often used to operate the bellows; modern forges have mechanically powered bellows or rotary blowers.