icebreaker

watercraft

Learn about this topic in these articles:

modifying ice in rivers

  • Heat flow through an ice cover (see text).
    In ice in lakes and rivers: Mechanical methods

    Icebreaking vessels are used to clear paths for other vessels and occasionally to assist in relieving jams on large rivers. Icebreakers are used extensively in northern Europe and to some extent on the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence River of North America. Dusting the ice…

    Read More

types of service vessels

  • passenger ship
    In ship: Miscellaneous

    …to encompass classifications such as icebreakers and research vessels, many of which are owned by government. Neither type need be of large size, since no cargo is to be carried. However, icebreakers are usually wide in order to make a wide swath through ice, and they have high propulsive power…

    Read More

use of nuclear power

  • Temelín Nuclear Power Plant, South Bohemia, Czech Republic
    In nuclear reactor: Ship-propulsion reactors

    …a small fleet of nuclear-powered icebreakers, whose reactors are thought to be essentially the same as those of the earliest Soviet submarines. As with naval vessels, the ability to operate without refueling is an enormous advantage for Arctic icebreakers.

    Read More
Related Topics:
boat
trimaran
watercraft

News

Video: Speedboat Somersaults Through the Air During Race on Arizona Lake Apr. 30, 2025, 3:41 AM ET (New York Times)

catamaran, twin-hulled sailing and powered boat developed for sport and recreation in the second half of the 20th century. Its design is based on a raft of two logs bridged by planks that had earlier been used by peoples in the Indonesian archipelago and throughout Polynesia and Micronesia. Early catamarans were up to 21.3 metres (70 feet) long, originally paddled by many men, and used for visiting, in war, and in exploration. Especially after the sail was added, voyages of more than 3,704 km (2,000 miles) were made.

The U.S. designer of America’s Cup boats Nathanael Herreshoff designed and built catamarans in the 1870s that sailed so successfully against monohulled boats that they were barred from organized racing. Production of the current form of catamaran, which averages about 12.2 metres (40 feet) in length, began in the 1950s. The early catamarans tended to have difficulty coming about when sailing to windward, but later designs overcame this. The catamaran remained difficult to right after capsizing, however. Smaller catamarans raced successfully against monohulled boats in 1959, and international competition began in 1961 between the United States and Great Britain, the latter winning through 1968. Thereafter, Danish and Australian boats also competed, the Australians dominating. Catamarans are very fast boats, achieving speeds of 32.19 km (20 miles) per hour. The addition of engines also made the catamaran a popular motor-cruising boat.

The Editors of Encyclopaedia BritannicaThis article was most recently revised and updated by Adam Augustyn.