emergency management

… in 2009, to be Detroit’s emergency manager. Orr was granted wide-ranging executive powers to deal with the city’s \$19 billion debt, but he was unable to reach an agreement with the city’s creditors; chief among them were the holders of municipal bonds and the public employees who were entitled to…

…purposes of civil defense and emergency management, but the organization considers its roots to date back to the first federal disaster relief act in the United States. Following a fire in Portsmouth, New Hampshire, in late 1802, Congress came to the aid of merchants affected by the destruction of the…

… declared a state of financial emergency in the city, and for the next two years, executive power in Flint was wielded by a manager selected by Engler. The city’s financial doldrums continued, however, and in 2011 Michigan Gov. Rick Snyder appointed the first of a series of unelected emergency managers…