Architecture, BUT-COR
Architecture is a sphere of art and design in which functionality and aesthetics can combine to produce visually stunning structures that manage to both catch the eye and serve a functional purpose. The expansive variety of architectural styles that have been employed throughout the ages underscores the fact that not every building need look the same, a principle that is readily apparent when comparing Gothic cathedrals with igloos or pagodas with cliff dwellings. Although architecture is commonly associated first and foremost with the design and construction of buildings, landscape architects may work with gardens, parks, and other planned outdoor areas, aiding in the development and decorative planning of such spaces.
Architecture Encyclopedia Articles By Title
William Butterfield was a British architect who was prominent in the Gothic Revival in England. Sometimes called......
Stephen Decatur Button was an American architect whose works influenced modern tall-building design, particularly......
Barry Byrne was an American architect who emerged from the Prairie school of architecture influenced by Frank Lloyd......
Byzantine architecture, building style of Constantinople (now Istanbul, formerly ancient Byzantium) after ad 330.......
George Bähr was a German architect who is best known for his design of the Baroque Dresden Frauenkirche (1726–43;......
François-Joseph Bélanger was an architect, artist, landscape designer, and engineer, best known for his fantastic......
Gottfried Böhm was a German architect who combined traditional architectural styles with modern materials and sculptural......
Caere, ancient city of Etruria, about 30 miles (50 km) northwest of Rome. Through its port, Pyrgi (present-day......
caitya, (Sanskrit: “that which is worthy to be gazed upon,” thus “worshipful”), in Buddhism, a sacred place or......
Santiago Calatrava is a Spanish architect widely known for his sculptural bridges and buildings. Calatrava studied......
Callicrates was an Athenian architect who designed the Temple of Athena Nike on the Athenian Acropolis and, with......
Callinicus Of Heliopolis was an architect who is credited with the invention of Greek fire, a highly incendiary......
camp, in military service, an area for temporary or semipermanent sheltering of troops. In most usage the word......
Camp David, rural retreat of U.S. presidents in Catoctin Mountain Park, a unit of the National Park Service on......
campanile, bell tower, usually built beside or attached to a church; the word is most often used in connection......
Jacob van Campen was a Dutch architect, one of the leaders of a group of architects who created a restrained architectural......
Felix Candela was a Spanish-born architect, known for his designs of reinforced-concrete (ferroconcrete) structures......
candelabrum, in architecture, a decorative motif derived from the pedestal or shaft used to support a lamp or candle.......
Alonso Cano was a painter, sculptor, and architect, often called the Spanish Michelangelo for his diversity of......
Antonio Canova, marchese d’Ischia was an Italian sculptor, one of the greatest exponents of Neoclassicism. Among......
Canterbury Cathedral, one of the oldest and most historic Christian structures in England, mother church of the......
On August 30, 2016, we celebrate the tercentenary of the baptism (his actual birth date is uncertain) of an outstanding......
capital, in architecture, crowning member of a column, pier, anta, pilaster, or other columnar form, providing......
United States Capitol, meeting place of the United States Congress and one of the most familiar landmarks in Washington,......
Caracol, major prehistoric Mayan city, now an archaeological site in west-central Belize, 47 miles (76 km) southeast......
caravansary, in the Middle East and parts of North Africa and Central Asia, a public building used for sheltering......
Carchemish, ancient city-state located in what is now southern Turkey, along the border with Syria. Carchemish......
Bartolommeo Carducci was an Italian-born painter, architect, and sculptor who was active in Spain. Carducci studied......
Carnegie Hall, historic concert hall at Seventh Avenue and 57th Street in New York City. Designed in a Neo-Italian......
Matteo Carnelivari was an Italian architect who is considered the most refined exponent of 15th-century Sicilian......
Carolingian art, classic style produced during the reign of Charlemagne (768–814) and thereafter until the late......
Carpenter Gothic, style of architecture that utilized Gothic forms in domestic U.S. architecture in the mid-19th......
Howard Carter was a British archaeologist, who made one of the richest and most-celebrated contributions to Egyptology:......
cartouche, in architecture, ornamentation in scroll form, applied especially to elaborate frames around tablets......
Casa Grande Ruins National Monument, pre-Columbian ruins in south-central Arizona, U.S., in the Gila River valley......
Casa Loma, lavish sandstone, twin-towered, Gothic Revival, castle-style mansion built as a home by Canadian financier......
Alfonso Caso y Andrade was a Mexican archaeologist and government official who explored the early Oaxacan cultures......
Castel Sant’Angelo, structure in Rome, Italy, that was originally the mausoleum of the Roman emperor Hadrian and......
castle, medieval stronghold, generally the residence of the king or lord of the territory in which it stands. Strongholds......
cathedral, in Christian churches that have an episcopal form of church government, the church in which a residential......
August 27, 2025, marks the 60th anniversary of the drowning death of Le Corbusier, one of the iconic architects......
cella, in Classical architecture, the body of a temple (as distinct from the portico) in which the image of the......
du Cerceau family, renowned French family of architects and decorators who constituted a virtual dynasty in architecture......
chalet, timber house characteristic of Switzerland, the Bavarian Alps, Tirol, and the French Alps. The name originally......
Jean-François-Thérèse Chalgrin was a French architect, developer of an influential Neoclassical architectural style......
William Chambers was a British eclectic architect of the Georgian period who was one of the leading Palladian-style......
chancel, portion of a church that contains the choir, often at the eastern end. Before modern changes in church......
chantry, chapel, generally within a church, endowed for the singing of masses for the founder after his death.......
chapel, small, intimate place of worship. The name was originally applied to the shrine in which the kings of France......
chapter house, chamber or building, often reached through the cloister, in which the chapter, or heads of monastic......
Henri-Michel-Antoine Chapu was a French sculptor and portrait medallist whose works were softened expressions of......
Chartres Cathedral, Gothic cathedral located in the town of Chartres, northwestern France. Generally ranked as......
Chartwell, country house near Westerham, Kent, England, that from 1922 until shortly before his death in 1965 was......
Chatsworth, estate near Rowsley, Derbyshire Dales district, administrative and historic county of Derbyshire, England,......
Chequers, country house, administrative and historic county of Buckinghamshire, England, situated 30 miles (50......
chevet, eastern end of a church, especially of a Gothic church designed in the French manner. Beginning about the......
Chicago School, group of architects and engineers who, in the late 19th century, developed the skyscraper. They......
chigai-dana, in Japanese architecture, shelves built into a wall, a feature of the shoin style of domestic architecture,......
Chinese architecture, the built structures of China, specifically those found in the 18 historical provinces of......
David Chipperfield is a British architect who is especially known for quietly incorporating modern, minimal designs......
Choghā Zanbīl, ruined palace and temple complex of the ancient Elamite city of Dur Untashi (Dur Untash), near Susa......
choir, in architecture, area of a church designed to accommodate the liturgical singers, located in the chancel,......
Christchurch Mansion, in Ipswich, Suffolk, Eng., Tudor mansion built between 1548 and 1550 by Edmund Withipoll......
Chrysler Building, office building in New York City, designed by William Van Alen and often cited as the epitome......
church, in architecture, a building designed for Christian worship. The earliest churches were based on the plan......
Church of the Holy Sepulchre, church built on the traditional site of Jesus’ Crucifixion and burial. According......
Churriguera family, a Spanish architectural family prominent during the last years of the 17th century and the......
Churrigueresque, Spanish Rococo style in architecture, historically a late Baroque return to the aesthetics of......
château, in France, during the 13th and 14th centuries, a castle, or structure arranged for defense rather than......
Châtelet, in Paris, the principal seat of common-law jurisdiction under the French monarchy from the Middle Ages......
Caius Gabriel Cibber was a Danish-born English sculptor known for his Baroque architectural and garden sculpture.......
Ludovico Cigoli was an Italian painter, architect, and poet whose work reflected the many crosscurrents in Italian......
Cistercian style, architecture of the Cistercian monastic order in the 12th century. The order was an austere community......
citadel, fortified structure that is often located within a city or town. While designed to protect or subjugate......
City Beautiful movement, American urban-planning movement led by architects, landscape architects, and reformers......
Cité Industrielle, urban plan designed by Tony Garnier and published in 1917 under the title of Une Cité Industrielle.......
civic centre, grouping of municipal facilities into a limited precinct often adjacent to the central business district.......
Classical architecture, architecture of ancient Greece and Rome, especially from the 5th century bce in Greece......
classicism, aesthetic attitude and art style based on or reiterating themes, techniques, and subjects of art from......
clean room, in manufacturing and research, dust-free working area with strict temperature and humidity control......
Cleopatra’s Needle, either of two monumental Egyptian obelisks. See...
Horace William Shaler Cleveland was an American landscape architect who, with his better known contemporary Frederick......
cliff dwelling, housing of the prehistoric Ancestral Puebloans (Anasazi) people of the southwestern United States,......
cloister, quadrilateral enclosure surrounded by covered walkways, and usually attached to a monastic or cathedral......
CN Tower, broadcast and telecommunications tower in Toronto. Standing at a height of 1,815 feet (553 metres), it......
Henry Ives Cobb was an American architect who designed numerous residences and landmark buildings in Chicago, including......
Wenceslas Cobergher was a Flemish architect, painter, and engraver who was a leader in the development of the Flemish......
coffer, in architecture, a square or polygonal ornamental sunken panel used in a series as decoration for a ceiling......
Jack Coia was a Scottish architect whose work was remarkable for its uncompromising application of plain brickwork......
Cologne Cathedral, Roman Catholic cathedral church, located in the city of Cologne, Germany. It is the largest......
Michel Colombe was the last important Gothic sculptor in France. Little is known of his life, and none of his early......
colossal order, architectural order extending beyond one interior story, often extending through several stories.......
Composite order, an order of Classical architecture, developed in Rome, that combines characteristics of both the......
confessional, in Roman Catholic churches, box cabinet or stall in which the priest sits to hear the confessions......
convent, local community or residence of a religious order, particularly an order of nuns. See...
Coop Himmelblau, avant-garde architecture firm that rose to prominence in the 1980s and ’90s. The two central members......
Le Corbusier was an internationally influential Swiss architect and city planner, whose designs combine the functionalism......
Corinthian order, one of the classical orders of architecture. Its main characteristic is an ornate capital carved......
cornice, in architecture, the decorated projection at the top of a wall provided to protect the wall face or to......
Charles Correa was an Indian architect and urban planner known for his adaptation of Modernist tenets to local......