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Pythagoreanism
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The tetraktys (see text). Gnomons of Pythagorean number theory (see text). Gnomon for Pythagorean theorem. The marked off “carpenter's square”—comprising 3 groups of 3 dots each (3 × 3)—thus represents 32, which when added to 42 yields 52 (the total gnomon). Pythagoras
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Photos

The tetraktys (see text).
Gnomons of Pythagorean number theory (see text).
Gnomon for Pythagorean theorem. The marked off “carpenter's square”—comprising 3 groups of 3 dots each (3 × 3)—thus represents 32, which when added to 42 yields 52 (the total gnomon).
Pythagoras
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Publius Nigidius Figulus
Roman author