The five major Italian American Mafia families in New York City are the Bonanno, Colombo, Gambino, Genovese, and Lucchese. The families and their inner workings were publicly revealed in 1963, when a Mafia soldier testified at a congressional hearing. The heyday of the Five Families is confined to roughly four decades, from 1931, when Salvatore Maranzano formed the consortium, to 1970, when the United States passed the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations (RICO) Act. While the families persist, they no longer hold the power they once did.